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Cyberspace is a new domain and a lot has changed since it emerged. This dissertation evaluates the impacts it has had in transnational organized crime and police intelligence innovations, not as a cyber revolution, but as a cyber metamorphosis. After evaluating how each, transnational organized crime and police intelligence, has been impacted by the world transformations, two case studies are presented, one referring to the Tripartite Joint Command in the tri- border area between Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay, and EUROPOL, their relations to the regional integration projects (respectively MERCOSUL and European Union) and their challenges in innovating. At last, this dissertation runs a risk assessment and a scenario forecasting to enable for a better comprehension on how the key findings can be useful in strategically planning for the future.

The main features of the U.S. discourse about the Tri-Border Area between Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay are analyzed in the 4 editions of the Country Reports on Terrorism (CRT) regarding events that occurred between 2016 and 2019 and published during the government of Donald Trump (2017-2020). The central hypothesis of this study is that the documents register a shift regarding the Barack Obama administration. The securitization theory is applied to explain the use of speech acts as movements to securitize the region. After a critical reading and employing NVivo to measure the frequency of words, the results suggested a securitization move of the “claim” type. Trump’s reports emphasized measures to improve the three countries’ border security more than Obama’s ones. On the other hand, “money laundering”, which was a constant noun phrase in the previous administrations, was less frequent in Trump’s editions. As principais características do discurso norte-americano em relação à Tríplice Fronteira entre Argentina, Brasil e Paraguai são analisadas nas 4 edições dos Country Reports on Terrorism referentes aos anos de 2016 a 2019 e publicadas durante a administração de Donald Trump (2017-2020). A principal hipótese deste estudo é que os documentos teriam registrado uma mudança de paradigma em relação à administração de Barack Obama. A teoria da securitização é aplicada para explicar o uso de atos de fala como movimentos de securitização da região. Depois de realizar uma leitura crítica e medir a frequência das palavras com o software NVivo, os resultados indicaram um movimento de securitização do tipo “alegação” (claim). Assuntos referentes a medidas para aumentar a segurança nas fronteiras entre os três países foram mais enfatizados nos relatórios publicados no período estudado do que no anterior, de Barack Obama. Por outro lado, “lavagem de dinheiro”, um sintagma nominal mais constante nas administrações anteriores, foi menos utilizado nas edições do período Trump.

espanolLa Tri-Border Area ha suscitado gran interes este siglo en Estados Unidos. Este la ha considerado un posible foco de terrorismo yihadista, aunque —segun muchas fuentes— Estados Unidos tiene otros intereses en el area, como el Acuifero Guarani. El articulo aborda la verdadera presencia e intereses de Estados Unidos en dicha area, teniendo en cuenta tanto los proyectos relacionados con el agua, presentes en el hemisferio occidental, como la presencia del terrorismo en la region, con base parcial en los estudios del fiscal argentino Alberto Nisman. A partir de esos estudios, se realiza un analisis estructural prospectivo con la ayuda del software MICMAC, que indica un posible cambio de escenario. EnglishThe Tri-Border Area has attracted great interest this century in the United States. It has been considered a possible source of jihadist terrorism, but according to many sources there are other US interests in the area, such as the Guarani Aquifer. The article discusses the real presence and US interests in the region, taking into account both the water projects that are currently being developed in the Western Hemisphere and presence of terrorism. Regarding the latter, this work is partially based on the investigations carried out by the Argentinian prosecutor Alberto Nisman. Building on this, this paper provides a prospective struc-tural analysis with the assistance of MICMAC software indicating a possible change of scenario.

The aim of this work is to study the conditions for developing the entrepreneurial ecosystem of regional tourism at the external border of the European Union, in Poland, and its contact points with two non-Union countries (Belarus, Ukraine). The research used a literature review, qualitative and quantitative analyses of the conditions for the development of entrepreneurial ecosystems, interviews with local ecosystem actors and the author’s own observations. The eastern border of Poland (formerly with the USSR) created a barrier to the socio-economic development of adjacent regions. Their peripheral nature has allowed preserving their precious nature value and multicultural heritage. Currently, this preservation constitutes grounds for sustainably developing the region’s tourism. The primary actors of the tourism-based entrepreneurial ecosystem are local governments, public institutions, non-governmental organisations and entrepreneurs. An impetus for activities thereof was granted by Poland’s accession to the EU and its access to Union funds, which has reinforced tourism infrastructure by contributing to the establishment of new tourism enterprises. Furthermore, the development of tourism in the region could also be favoured by the close neighbourhood of as many as two other countries; however, and unfortunately, the border is still a barrier. Apart from the lack of infrastructure allowing borders crossings, political instability in neighbouring countries—made explicitly visible at the border with Belarus in 2021—threatens border-driven tourism by restricting tourism entrepreneurship, especially in those activities based on the access to the border.

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar os processos de inserção do terrorismo na agenda de segurança sul-americana. Ele se enquadra nas Resoluções nº 114/2014 e 115/2014 da Câmara de Pós-Graduação da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul e, portanto, é dividido em três partes. A PARTE I consiste em uma contextualização do objeto de pesquisa, composta por uma descrição geral do objetivo do trabalho, bem como a delimitação do objeto, marco teórico e marco temporal. A PARTE II apresenta o artigo em si, o qual analisa os processos de securitização do terrorismo no Norte Andino, a partir da associação entre os movimentos guerrilheiros colombianos e o narcotráfico com o terrorismo, e no Cone Sul, através das suspeitas de financiamento de grupos extremistas islâmicos decorrente de atividades ilícitas na região da tríplice fronteira entre Argentina, Brasil e Paraguai. O objetivo consiste em demonstrar as maneiras com as quais o terrorismo foi inserido na agenda regional de segurança e as influências dos atores externos e internos nestes processos. Para tanto, foram utilizadas técnicas de analise qualitativa, com base nas contribuições da Escola de Copenhague, no âmbito dos Estudos de Segurança Internacional, no exame de documentos oficiais e mídias locais dos países envolvidos. A PARTE III apresenta a descrição da agenda de pesquisa a ser seguida. This paper aims to analyze the processes of the insertion of terrorism in the South American security agenda. It is in accordance with Resolutions 114/2014 and 115/2014 of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul and is therefore divided into three parts. PART I consists in a contextualization of the object of research, composed by a general description of the paper’s objectives, as well as the delimitation of the object, theoretical framework, and timeframe. PART II presents the article itself, which analyzes the processes of securitization of terrorism in the Andean North, throughout the association between Colombian guerrilla movements and narcotrafficking with terrorism, and in the Southern Cone, through the suspicions of Islamic extremist groups financing due to illicit activities in the tri-border area between Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay. The main goal is to demonstrate the means through which terrorism was inserted in the regional security agenda and the influences of external and internal actors in these processes. In order to do so techniques of qualitative analysis were used, based on the contributions of the Copenhagen School, under the scope of International Security Studies, in the examination of official documents and local medias. PART III presents the description of the research agenda to be followed.

La triplice frontiera Brasile, Argentina, Paraguai si caratterizza per essere un'importante regione geostrategica nel processo di integrazione sudamericana, che è passata dalle relazioni basate sulla rivalità per il controllo dell'acqua alla condivisione delle minacce comuni. Gli Autori tracciano una breve storia dell'area considerando l'interconnessione tra le attività illecite, il terrorismo islamico, la presenza degli Stati Uniti, le iniziative per la sicurezza e per l'integrazione della regione. La triple frontera Brasil, Argentina, Paraguay se caracteriza por ser una región geoestratégica esencial para el proceso de integración de América del Sur, que fue marcado por rivalidades alrededor del potencial hídrico y por amenazas comunes a los tres Países. Los Autores traen una breve historia de la región, puntuando la interpenetración de las actividades ilícitas, la asociación de la triple frontera con el terrorismo islámico, la presencia de los Estados Unidos en la región y las iniciativas en el ámbito de seguridad e integración. The Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay tri-border area is characterized as an essential geo-strategic region for the South American integration process, which has moved from relationships marked by rivalries around water potential to a common threat sharing. The Authors presents a brief history of the region, punctuat-ing the interpenetration of illicit activities, the association of the tri-border area with Islamic terrorism, the presence of the United States in the region and the initiatives on security and integration.

The presented thesis deals with the theme of Czech-German cooperatin of the chosen institution, The Regional Scientific Library in Liberec, which is located in the Euroregion Neisse - Nisa - Nysa associating region of the Czech Republic, Germany and Poland. The first part introduces the Euroregion Neisse-Nisa-Nysa as an instrument for the realization of cross- border cooperation, thus the purpose for its establishment, historical context, function, aims and Euro-regional expert group - The Libraries, whose members include euroregional libraries. Libraries cooperate on international projects and thus fulfil aims of the Euroregion, which in turn helps to implement projects financially, thanks to the possibility of drawing funds from European Union funds. Besides this Euro-regional cooperation has the library established other partnerships that are not roofed by the Euroregion. Czech-German projects and activities of the library are analyzed in this work. For this purpose has been made survey of such activities from 2000 till 2014, which closely reflects the most fruitful period in the Czech-German cooperation of the library. A key event for the regional library, namely the opening of new building, was chosen for the analysis of the subject Czech and German media representation, as a final part of this thesis....

Submitted by Boris Flegr (boris@uerj.br) on 2021-01-07T18:55:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcio Roberto Coelho dos Reis.pdf: 1373042 bytes, checksum: 4febceb68f64ba40370a374c1f3535d0 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-01-07T18:55:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcio Roberto Coelho dos Reis.pdf: 1373042 bytes, checksum: 4febceb68f64ba40370a374c1f3535d0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-11-18 This research proposes to study the politics of defense and security of the Brazilian state in South America. We want to understand, in general, these two fields as articulate as well as the limits of institutional state action in both fields. We will focus our attention on the southern border of Brazil, specifically on the border between Brazil, Argentina and Paraguay, known as the Tri-Border Area, where the high incidence of illicit activity came to be a reason for the classification of the area as a danger zone on safety international. We are interested in understanding the actual effects of defense and security policies in the Brazilian state action on border regions, with emphasis on the Tri-Border Area. The key question to guide this work derives a set of reflections on the role of the military in pursuing a defense policy, in which the professional duties of the military establishment are maintained, ie, the use of military personnel against external threats to Brazilian territory. Esta pesquisa propõe-se a estudar a política de defesa e segurança do Estado brasileiro na América do Sul. Queremos compreender, de um modo geral, como esses dois campos se articulam, bem como os limites da ação institucional do Estado em ambos os campos. Focaremos nosso olhar na fronteira sul do Brasil, especificamente sobre a divisa entre Brasil, Argentina e Paraguai, conhecida como Tríplice Fronteira, na qual a grande incidência de atividades ilícitas chegou a ser um motivo para a classificação da região como zona perigosa no âmbito da segurança internacional. Interessa-nos entender os reais efeitos das políticas de defesa e segurança na ação do Estado brasileiro sobre as regiões de fronteira, com ênfase na Tríplice Fronteira. A questão fundamental a nortear este trabalho deriva de um conjunto de reflexões acerca da atuação das Forças Armadas na consecução de uma política de defesa, na qual as atribuições profissionais da corporação militar sejam mantidas, ou seja, o emprego do efetivo militar contra ameaças externas ao território brasileiro.