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Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La comunicación de los trastornos mentales en la población juvenil es un reto que se presenta a las instituciones públicas y privadas debido al gran alcance que los trastornos mentales tienen entre la población juvenil (Costas-Pérez et al., 2023). Esta comunicación debe ir encaminada a concienciar a la sociedad, pero también debe servir para luchar contra estereotipos que se han enquistado en ella (López et al., 2008). El escenario actual nos plantea determinar cuáles son las herramientas necesarias para difundir mensajes conciliadores a los más jóvenes. En este estadio, nos planteamos si la animación, debido a su proceso creativo, puede posicionarse como el soporte adecuado para conseguir los dos objetivos marcados: concienciar para desestigmatizar. Siguiendo la teoría de González-Pacanowski y Medina-Aguerrebere (2009); Okan et al., (2016) y Vivas (2021) que aseguran que los recursos visuales y gráficos pueden mejorar la comprensión de este tipo de información al simplificar mensajes complejos, realizaremos un estudio de los cortometrajes de animación What’s Up With Everyone? (Aardman, 2021), con el objetivo de determinar cómo se construye el discurso narrativo y cómo los elementos audiovisuales son clave para conseguir comprender y empatizar con las personas que sufren de trastornos mentales. El análisis de estos cinco cortometrajes de animación nos permite afirmar que la animación logra, gracias a la creatividad y a la creación de universos imaginarios, conectar con la audiencia mediante la empatía, un requisito básico para despertar conciencias.

Introducción: La pandemia de COVID-19 ha traído consecuencias en la salud mental de la población universitaria de enfermería. Objetivo: Identificar los factores relacionados con las alteraciones en la salud mental de universitarios de los programas de enfermería durante la pandemia por COVID-19. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio transversal multicéntrico, en estudiantes de enfermería de dos universidades colombianas y una española durante la pandemia por COVID-19. Se aplicó una encuesta por internet sobre aspectos sociodemográficos, económicos y personales, junto con los cuestionarios de salud mental GHQ-12, APGAR familiar, apoyo social MOS y estrés postraumático IES-R. Se estimó la prevalencia de alteraciones de la salud mental y sus diferencias según las características de los estudiantes, también se obtuvieron razones de prevalencia. Resultados: En 302 estudiantes se encontró una prevalencia de alteraciones mentales de importancia clínica de 61,92%, de disfunción familiar en 61,58%, con bajo apoyo social en 9,33%; además, presentaron síntomas de estrés postraumático (44,46%), sufrieron dificultades económicas (52,65%), académicas (54,61%) y personales (69,87%). Adicionalmente, estas alteraciones fueron más prevalentes ante una disfuncionalidad familiar moderada (RP=1,77 IC95%=1,15;2,73), ante la dificultad para pagar alimentos (RP=1,35 IC95%=1,09;1,67), la pérdida de la pareja (RP=1,27 IC95%=1,02;1,59) y ante síntomas de estrés postraumático (RP=1,69 IC95%=1,28;2,24). Discusión: El sufrimiento psicológico y sus factores relacionados encontrados en los estudiantes de enfermería concuerdan con otros hallazgos en la literatura. Conclusión: Una importante proporción de estudiantes de enfermería estuvieron afectados en su salud mental durante la pandemia, mostrando una necesidad de estrategias sistemáticas, continuas e integrales por parte de las instituciones formativas.

The field of mental health is marked by social exclusion, stigmatization, discrimination by society and violation of human rights; aspects that constitute significant challenges for national and international development in public health. In this phenomenological study, from the perspective of social representation, we interviewed 12 people diagnosed with a mental disorder in Catalonia, Spain, to investigate their experience with mental health services. Most experiences with health services were marked by a hierarchical model in power structures, in which the perspectives of people diagnosed were delegitimized. The legitimacy of specialized and public representations about mental health shaped the lives of the participants, as they felt voiceless and impotent, having their representations subjugated. Constructive experiences were related to being heard, cared for and understood by health professionals. By considering people diagnosed with a mental disorder, significant contributions can be made to improve the provision of comprehensive, effective and sensitive mental health care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Nursing & Health is the property of Journal of Nursing & Health (JONAH) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Research has highlighted that some types of mental disorders are associated with widespread discrimination and stigma, phenomena that negatively affect adherence. The aim of the present study was to examine the association between stigma and adherence to pharmacological treatment in patients diagnosed with bipolar mood disorder (BD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and schizophrenia (SZ). A total of 112 patients (age range: 20-68 years, Median age = 42.08; SD age = 12.02) from Brazil (38.4% ADHD, 34.8% SZ, and 26.8% TB) participated in the study. Treatment adherence was measured using the Medication Adherence Questionnaire, personal stigma by means of the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness, Stigma Scale, and Perceived Devaluation and Discrimination Scale, and self-esteem with Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem Scale. Results showed an association between personal stigma and treatment adherence for all three types of disorder. The lower the personal stigma, the higher the adherence to treatment. The study highlights the role of stigma and self-esteem in relation to treatment adherence, with possible implications for future psychotherapy for these disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introducción. Los trastornos mentales (TM) son causas de morbilidad y representan el 13 % de la carga mundial de enfermedad, su prevalencia a lo largo de la vida oscila entre el 12 % y el 44 % y el total de años vividos con discapacidad por esto aumento entre el 22 % y el 49 % en todo el mundo. Objetivo. Estimar la prevalencia de trastornos mentales en la Clínica Nuestra Señora de la Paz, en Bogotá durante el periodo 2001-2017. Metodología y métodos. Este es un estudio transversal, descriptivo de fuentes secundarias basada en los registros individuales de prestador de servicio (RIPS) de acuerdo con la Clasificación Internacional de las Enfermedades (CIE-10). En el periodo analizado se observaron 314 091 pacientes. Resultados. El promedio de edad es de 37 años, las mujeres representan el 57.92 %, el 60.48 % de la población está entre los 18 y 59 años, el 90.34 % de los pacientes han sido atendidos por consulta externa. Las principales prevalencias de los diagnósticos fueron: trastornos depresivos (F32-F39) en 39.92 % de los casos, trastornos de ansiedad (F40-F432) en 0.51 %, trastorno bipolar (F30-F39) en 16.62%, trastornos emocionales y del comportamiento que aparecen habitualmente en la niñez o en la adolescencia (F90-F98) en 17.81 %. Conclusiones. Los factores involucrados en el incremento de las prevalencias de los TM pueden ser genéticos, sociales, psicológicos, exposición a traumas, económicos (pobreza, migración, desigualdad, desempleo, etc.), ambientales, especialmente en el periodo pospandemia, el aumento de la esperanza de vida, la urbanización con estilos de vida estresantes, el uso excesivo de la tecnología, el estigma, la discriminación y la falta de modelos de atención principalmente comunitarios, entre otros. En este estudio se encontró que la población joven presenta mayor riesgo de TM, principalmente las mujeres y existe una tendencia al incremento de los TM tales como trastornos depresivos, de ansiedad, consumo de sustancias y demencias, tanto en hombres como en mujeres.

El campo de la salud mental enfrenta desafíos significativos como la exclusión social, estigmatización, discriminación y violación de derechos humanos, tanto a nivel nacional como internacional en salud pública. En este estudio fenomenológico realizado en Cataluña, España, desde la perspectiva de la representación social, se entrevistó a 12 personas diagnosticadas con trastornos mentales para explorar sus experiencias con los servicios de salud mental. La mayoría describió experiencias marcadas por un modelo jerárquico en las estructuras de poder, donde sus perspectivas fueron deslegitimadas. Las representaciones especializadas y públicas sobre salud mental moldearon sus vidas, dejándolos sentirse mudos e impotentes frente a estas representaciones dominantes. Las experiencias positivas surgieron cuando fueron escuchados, atendidos y comprendidos por los profesionales de la salud. Considerar las voces de quienes tienen diagnósticos de trastornos mentales puede significar mejoras sustanciales en la prestación de atención integral, efectiva y sensible en salud mental.

Objective: to validate the content of the PPESMA-Checklists protocol for the Nursing Process in mental health care, alcohol and other drugs. Method: methodological study, with content validation technique, performed between the end of 2019 and the beginning of 2020, with the participation of nurses, who validated the PPESMAChecklists protocol, through the built instrument, regarding the items: structure, coherence, scientific language, updating, readability, functionality, adequacy, clarity and grammatical and spelling review. For data analysis, descriptive statistics and calculations of the Percentage of Agreement (PA) and the Content Validity Indexes (CVIs) and Multiple Kappa (K) were used. Results: the content of the PPESMA-Checklists protocol showed a PA between 90% and 100%, Content Validity Index (CVI) between 0.9 and 1.00 for the items evaluated and also a general CVI and Multiple Kappa coefficient equals to 0.98. Conclusion: the PPESMA-Checklists appears to be an instrument with potential to be used in mental health services, alcohol and other drugs, in the context of the Northern Region of Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The teaching process in medicine has challenges that can induce academic stress and thus affect mental health, so it is essential to take care of the mental health of future physicians. This study aimed to identify the factors associated with the mental health of medical students at a private university in Colombia, adjusted for academic stress. Using a cross-sectional design, 443 students were recruited (68.4% women, 31.6% men) who completed a questionnaire with sociodemographic and academic variables, the Systemic Cognitive Inventory for the Study of Academic Stress and the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised inventory. Risk factors were analyzed using a Generalized Linear Model by Poisson family and log link. Thirty-eight point three percent of the students presented a level of mental health risk. Protective factors included regular physical activity (RPa = 0.78) and extracurricular activities (RPa = 0.75), while risk factors were psychoactive substance use (RPa = 1.36), energy drinks (RPa = 1.35) and having an alternative occupation to studying (RPa = 1.47). The study provided information on the need for intervention in factors beyond academic stress, seeking to maintain the well-being of students and thus avoid academic dropout. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria is the property of Asociacion Colombiana de Psiquiatria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria is the property of Asociacion Colombiana de Psiquiatria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria is the property of Asociacion Colombiana de Psiquiatria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Alerta (San Salvador) - Revista Cientifica del Instituto Nacional de Salud is the property of Instituto Nacional de Salud and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of TraHs - Trayectorias Humanas Trascontinentales is the property of Universite de Limoges and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

this article examines the impact, potentials, challenges, and future prospects of using Machine Learning (ML) algorithms in clinical psychology, with a focus on basic research and clinical application. ML is reshaping both research and clinical practice by analyzing complex data and uncovering patterns for understanding mental disorders and predicting diagnoses, among other noteworthy aspects. despite the challenges of interpretation, privacy, and bias, the transformative potential of ML algorithms in clinical psychology is acknowledged. interdisciplinary collaboration is essential to maximize these benefits. emphasizing the importance of addressing ethical and practical considerations, this paper envisions a future where ML algorithms become integral tools in the research, diagnosis, and treatment of mental disorders, contributing to an overall enhancement in people's quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducción: La pandemia por COVID-19 se consideró una emergencia de salud pública y ha generado cambios a nivel económico, político, psicológico y social. En estudios previos realizados en contexto de epidemias se han evidenciado comportamientos altamente reactivos asociados a la cuarentena que limitan la funcionalidad de las personas. Se definió la población a estudio en dos categorías: el grupo con trastorno mental grave (que incluyó depresión mayor, esquizofrenia y trastorno bipolar) y el grupo con trastorno mental común (que representó el resto de los diagnósticos de consulta por urgencias psiquiátricas). Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de personas con diagnóstico de trastorno mental grave y trastorno mental común durante el confinamiento por COVID-19 entre marzo a septiembre de 2020 en un hospital de referencia del suroccidente colombiano ubicado en Cali, Colombia; y conocer cómo se comporta la salud mental en tiempos de aislamiento social. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, transversal, la muestra estudiada correspondió a 1,702 personas (Mediana de edad 39 años; IQR 28-55) donde el 52.5% eran hombres. Resultados: El diagnóstico de consulta más frecuente fue esquizofrenia (26.3%), seguido de trastorno afectivo bipolar (21.2%), trastorno de ansiedad (18%), trastorno depresivo mayor (10.9%). Se encontraron asociaciones significativas entre los trastornos mentales graves y variables sociodemográficas (p

Objetivo: Caracterizar los trastornos mentales de los pacientes consultantes del Servicio de Psiquiatría del Hospital Universitario de Caracas enero 2020 – enero 2021, que acudieron por primera vez y habían presentado infección por COVID-19 3 a 6 meses antes de consultar. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo, de corte transversal en pacientes que acudieron al Servicio de Psiquiatría del Hospital Universitario de Caracas para emergencia (por primera vez y sucesivas) por presentar patologías mentales durante y posterior a infección por COVID-19 durante el periodo enero 2020- enero 2021. Resultados: De 718 pacientes, 53 que acudieron con patologías mentales habían presentado infección previa por COVID-19 representando el 7,38 %. Edad promedio 27- 29 años (66,03 %). La mayoría del sexo femenino (71,69%). El 77,35 % provenían del Distrito Capital; el 18,86 % del estado Miranda, siendo el estado civil predominante la soltería con 73,58 %; el 56,60 % estaban desempleados y el 79,24 % no poseían nivel de instrucción. En relación a los diagnósticos: trastorno depresivo mayor con síntomas ansiosos (30,18 %), trastorno depresivo (18,86%), episodio maniforme (1,88 %) episodio psicótico agudo (18,86 %), trastorno de ansiedad generalizada (7,54%), entre otros. Conclusión: Los síntomas psiquiátricos originados por infección por COVID-19 aparecen de forma más tardía y persisten después de la infección. Las mujeres manifestaron mayor riesgo de presentar síntomas relacionados con la salud mental; se asocia a alto nivel de vulnerabilidad a causa de la influencia de los roles sociales, ciclo reproductivo y mayor morbilidad psiquiátrica.

Foundation: the association between mental disorders and diabetes mellitus has had growing interest in medical research and clinical practice. Understanding of the relationship between these two conditions has expanded in recent years and a bidirectional relationship between them has been recognized. Objective: analyze and synthesize the opinions and perspectives of experts in relation to the association between mental illnesses and diabetes mellitus. Method: a descriptive study was carried out by applying the expert Delphi method. A total of 12 experts on this topic, specialists in psychiatry, endocrinology or clinical psychology, whose competence was evaluated, were consulted. For the purposes of the study, two questionnaires were developed. A qualitative assessment of the responses was carried out and the cut-off points and their respective indicator scales were calculated; inverse standard normal values were used. A 4-point Likert scale was used and inverse standard values were assigned to the cumulative probabilities. The Cut Points were estimated as the average of the values of the inverse standard function for each scale. The Limit N value was determined to delimit the ranges of each category. Cronbach's alpha correlation coefficient was used to examine the relationship between responses in different topic areas. A detailed report was prepared describing the method and results. Results: a characterization of the main mental illnesses associated with diabetes mellitus was obtained, a synthesis of the risk factors for diabetes mellitus in patients with mental illnesses and practical recommendations for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of these comorbid disorders. Conclusions: the approach to this topic through the compilation of expert criteria allowed us to obtain a complete and enriching understanding of the underlying factors and clinical implications of this bidirectional association, which contributes to developing more effective strategies for early identification. the integrated management and appropriate care of patients with mental illnesses and diabetes mellitus.

Resumen Objetivos: Analizar el estigma asociado a la enfermedad mental. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión integradora de carácter descriptivo, realizando una búsqueda bibliográfica utilizando palabras clave relacionadas con el estigma social, el estigma personal y la enfermedad mental. Resultados: Tras la aplicación de los criterios de inclusión establecidos, se seleccionaron y estudiaron un total de 21 artículos. Conclusiones: La literatura consultada muestra que el estigma hacia los trastornos mentales sigue siendo un problema en la sociedad actual, y que acarrea graves consecuencias tanto para los pacientes como para sus familiares.

Introducción: el estrés académico es muy prevalentes entre los estudiantes universitarios del mundo actual, y la situación es peor aún entre quienes estudian alguna carrera de las Ciencias de la Salud.4 La facultad Salvador Allende no es excepción cuando se habla de exigencias académicas en la formación de sus formados. Objetivo: describir la salud mental de los estudiantes de la facultad Salvador Allende curso 2023 Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal en los estudiantes de la facultad Salvador Allende en el periodo de julio-septiembre, se seleccionó una muestra probabilística de 119 estudiantes. La recogida de los datos, se realizó mediante cuestionario de salud mental GHQ-28 adaptado, que contiene variables, acorde a los intereses de los investigadores, además, de una planilla de consentimiento informado para cada encuestado. La información se procesó en SPSS. Resultados: No había diferencia significativa de la muestra cuanto al sexo. Colombia, Ghana y Palestina, fueron las nacionalidades fueron las que más cifras aportaron en la muestra representativa estudiada con 30, 3 %, 21 % y 20, 2 % respectivamente, palestina fue el país que más cifras de trastornos psicológicos presento. Los trastornos más frecuentes fueron la ansiedad y depresión con 11, 8 %, y el trastorno menos registrado fue la ansiedad aislada con una cifra de 4, 2 %. Conclusiones: Los estudiantes de la facultad estudiada se caracterizan por mantener una salud mental normal en su mayoría. Los estudiantes palestinos son los que más trastornos psicológicos presentan actualmente.

La depresión mayor y la psicosis son trastornos mentales que se han potenciado en los últimos años, diversos factores han incidido en ello, como el sometimiento a eventos estresantes, las alteraciones biológicas y la predeterminación genética. El propósito de la investigación es estudiar el trastorno de depresión mayor y la psicosis como trastornos mentales, con la finalidad de comprender sus causas, síntomas y tratamientos, así como la eventual relación clínica que puede existir entre ellos. Este estudio es de naturaleza cualitativa descriptiva, por lo que se realiza una revisión bibliográfica acerca de las dos variables investigadas. En la depresión mayor, la estrategia médica debe ser integral -farmacológica y psicológica- de manera que se logre una incidencia positiva para evitar recaídas y lograr una buena respuesta médica. La psicosis requiere atención farmacológica, psicológica y rehabilitadora, es necesario contar con apoyo familiar y con un equipo médico especializado y multidisciplinario. Según estudios, en los casos de presencia de síntomas de depresión en pacientes diagnósticos con psicosis aguda, la depresión tiende a desaparecer cuando se implementa el tratamiento antipsicótico y comienza el proceso de remisión de la psicosis

Background: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is prevalent in people with acquired brain injury (ABI). Despite the established efficacy of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) for PTSD in general, evaluation studies on EMDR in ABI patients with PTSD are limited. Objective: The aim of this study is to explore clinical features, treatment characteristics, feasibility and first indications of efficacy of EMDR in adult ABI patients with PTSD. Method: This retrospective consecutive case series included ABI patients, who received at least one session of EMDR for PTSD between January 2013 and September 2020. PTSD symptoms were measured using the Impact of Event Scale (IES) pre- and post-treatment. Affective distress was measured using the Subjective Units of Distress (SUD) pre- and post-treatment of the first target. Results: Sixteen ABI patients (median age 46 years, 50% males), with predominantly moderate or severe TBI (50%) or stroke (25%) were included. Treatment duration was a median of seven sessions. Post-treatment IES scores were significantly lower than pre-treatment scores (p <.001). In 81% of the cases there was an individual statistically and clinically relevant change in IES score. Mean SUD scores of the first target were significantly lower at the end of treatment compared to scores at the start of treatment (p <.001). In 88% of the patients full desensitization to a SUD of 0–1 of the first target was accomplished. Only few adjustments to the standard EMDR protocol were necessary. Conclusions: Findings suggest that EMDR is a feasible, well tolerated and potentially effective treatment for PTSD in ABI patients. For clinical practice in working with ABI patients, it is advised to consider EMDR as a treatment option. This retrospective consecutive case series (N = 16) explores clinical features, treatment characteristics, feasibility and first indications of efficacy of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in adult patients with acquired brain injury (ABI) and Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The results suggest that EMDR is a feasible and potentially efficacious treatment for PTSD in ABI patients, as patients demonstrated statistically and clinically significant large sized reductions in PTSD-symptoms after EMDR treatment. For clinical practice in working with ABI patients, we advise to consider EMDR as a treatment option. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Individuals with child maltreatment (CM) experiences show alterations in emotion recognition (ER). However, previous research has mainly focused on populations with specific mental disorders, which makes it unclear whether alterations in the recognition of facial expressions are related to CM, to the presence of mental disorders or to the combination of CM and mental disorders, and on ER of emotional, rather than neutral facial expressions. Moreover, commonly, recognition of static stimulus material was researched. Objective: We assessed recognition of dynamic (closer to real life) negative, positive and neutral facial expressions in individuals characterised by CM, rather than a specific mental disorder. Moreover, we assessed whether they show a negativity bias for neutral facial expressions and whether the presence of one or more mental disorders affects recognition. Methods: Ninety-eight adults with CM experiences (CM+) and 60 non-maltreated (CM−) adult controls watched 200 non-manipulated coloured video sequences, showing 20 neutral and 180 emotional facial expressions, and indicated whether they interpreted each expression as neutral or as one of eight emotions. Results: The CM+ showed significantly lower scores in the recognition of positive, negative and neutral facial expressions than the CM− group (p <.050). Furthermore, the CM+ group showed a negativity bias for neutral facial expressions (p <.001). When accounting for mental disorders, significant effects stayed consistent, except for the recognition of positive facial expressions: individuals from the CM+ group with but not without mental disorder scored lower than controls without mental disorder. Conclusions: CM might have long-lasting influences on the ER abilities of those affected. Future research should explore possible effects of ER alterations on everyday life, including implications of the negativity bias for neutral facial expressions on emotional wellbeing and relationship satisfaction, providing a basis for interventions that improve social functioning. Child maltreatment (CM) in adults is linked to emotion recognition alterations if no current mental disorders are present. Interpretation of positive, negative and neutral facial expressions is impaired. Adults with a history of CM tend to interpret neutral expressions as negative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arquivos de Ciências da Saúde da UNIPAR is the property of Associacao Paranaense de Ensino e Cultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arquivos de Ciências da Saúde da UNIPAR is the property of Associacao Paranaense de Ensino e Cultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of SMAD Revista Electronica Salud Mental, Alcohol y Drogas is the property of Universidade de Sao Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirao Preto and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Médica de Rosario is the property of Circulo Medico de Rosario and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Investigación en Salud VIVE is the property of Revista de Investigacion en Salud VIVE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction. Nowadays, mental health disorders have been increasing over the years, and anxiety disorders are one of the most frequent diagnoses in consultation. Objective. We aimed to analyze the prevalence of neurotic disorders, as described in ICD-10 categories F40-49, in the cities of Macará and Huaquillas (Ecuador) between 2018 and 2020. Method. Descriptive and retrospective non-experimental quantitative methodology. For this purpose, clinical and sociodemographic information was collected from 428 patients, through the database named: Automated daily record of consultations and outpatient care RDACAA. Results. Statistical analyses showed differences in the prevalence of neurotic disorders in terms of sex. Adolescents were more likely to be diagnosed with anxiety disorders. Conclusions. Adolescent females were more likely to be diagnosed with severe stress and adjustment disorders and females were more likely to present a diagnosis within the subcategory Severe Stress Reactions and Adjustment Disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, suicide is a public health problem in all states of Mexico; its occurrence and the worldwide dynamic increase keep occurring year after year. In first-world countries and developing ones, mental health disorders are the main trigger for suicidal behavior, leaving in it is wake devastating psychological consequences for the families of the patient who performs the suicidal act. A notable increase of almost double the number of completed suicides occurred in Nayarit between 2013 and 2018. These data stemmed from the mental health department of the Health Secretariat at Nayarit and the offices of the forensic medical services of the state attorney general. The present study used a descriptive, time-series design, employing suicide deaths in Mexico over six years, reflecting the epidemiological increase in suicide deaths. It is necessary to urgently apply the existing strategies recommended by the World Health Organization and Mexican health institutions for the prevention of suicide, as well as to implement strategies to detect suicidal behaviors on time and generate better psychological and psychiatric support for patients with already detected mental disorders. All of the above leads us to reflect on the various predisposing factors that could have caused this increase in suicides in Nayarit, Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: empirical work on the use of social networks and mental health has gradually been published, so it is essential to understand it in the context of COVID-19 given the use of social networks and the mental health problems that resulted from the global pandemic. Objetive: to analyze the 91 empirical articles indexed in PubMed and WoS, which investigated the manifestations of mental health issues in social media and their relationship with COVID-19. Methodology: the study uses the literature review and includes the mental health topic analysed, objective of the article, methodology, region and country of the study, conclusions and their validity. Results: Asia and North America were the regions that published more articles. The most studied social media were Twitter (37.4%), Facebook (17.6%) and WeChat (14.3%). Twitter, Facebook or Instagram were rated positively as information tools (91%, 80% and 83.3% respectively), while WeChat and Weibo had lower percentages (45.6% and 50%). Conclusion: most articles have highlighted the positive use of social media as an information tool that helped to obtain real-time information on government plans and measures, which reduced the stress caused by the uncertainty of COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of SMAD Revista Electronica Salud Mental, Alcohol y Drogas is the property of Universidade de Sao Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirao Preto and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Salud Pública is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of RIIS: Revista de Investigação & Inovação em Saúde is the property of RIIS: Revista de Investigacao & Inovacao em Saude and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Los trastornos mentales en la población infanto juvenil son motivo de preocupación para los organismos de salud, siendo más evidente en tiempos de pandemia. El presente trabajo se centró en el objetivo de describir la epidemiologia de casos de trastorno mental en la población infanto juvenil del Servicio de Urgencias del Hospital Psiquiátrico de Asunción Paraguay, entre 2020 y 2021. La metodología fue de un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo de corte trasversal, aplicado a 135 niños y adolescentes que estuvieron internados durante el periodo de estudio, mediante la revisión de historias clínicas. Los principales resultados fueron: 60% mujeres, 96% adolescentes, disminución del 10% en las consultas en el 2021 en comparación al 2020, los principales motivos de consulta fueron el cambio conductual 40%, auto agresividad 27% y agresividad/irritabilidad 22%, 42% presentó antecedentes patológicos familiares, 23% requirió internación, 73% contó con un diagnóstico psiquiátrico, las cinco principales patologías psiquiátricas en la muestra fueron la depresión mayor 21%, trastornos de la personalidad 16%, trastorno psicótico breve 13%, trastornos por consumo de múltiples sustancias 13% y psicosis no orgánica sin especificación 11%. El maltrato se presentó en el 7,4% y de ellos el 90% fueron mujeres. Con el trabajo se evidenció que los trastornos mentales en esta población cuentan con características similares a las de otras investigaciones relacionadas al tema en lo referido a sexo, motivo de consulta, patologías frecuentes y maltrato; siendo una de las principales la relacionada con los trastornos de la conducta.

Introducción. El reingreso hospitalario de los pacientes con enfermedad mental es causado principalmente por descompensación del trastorno de base; por esto, se deben considerar intervenciones centradas en la rehabilitación y reinserción social, siendo la transición a la atención domiciliaria una estrategia que aporta a la disminución de brechas, al acceso a los servicios y a las rehospitalizaciones. El presente estudio busca identificar y exponer, desde los cuidados de enfermería, cuáles son las características del plan de transición del paciente hospitalizado en la unidad de salud mental reportados en la literatura sintetizando los hallazgos. Metodología. Revisión de alcance según los lineamientos del JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis y el informe PRISMA. Se consultaron las bases de datos PubMed, Biblioteca Virtual en Salud, Nursingovid y ScienceDirect, se incluyeron publicaciones en español, inglés y portugués en el período comprendido entre 2015-2021. Resultados. Se seleccionaron 14 artículos, identificando las siguientes temáticas: Planes y preparativos para el alta; Continuidad de la atención en salud; Apoyo social y familiar para el alta; y Adherencia terapéutica e Implicaciones para la práctica de enfermería. Discusión. En concordancia con otros estudios, se destacan las intervenciones que trabajan las buenas relaciones interpersonales, el apoyo social y la generación del vínculo entre el hospital y la comunidad. Conclusiones. La literatura encontrada reporta cinco características del plan de transición con intervenciones de enfermería que representan el éxito del proceso de transición para el paciente. Introduction. Hospital readmission of patients with mental illness is mainly caused by worsening of the underlying disorder; therefore, interventions focused on rehabilitation and social reintegration should be considered, being the transition to home care a strategy that contributes to the reduction of gaps, and an improved access to services and rehospitalizations. The present study seeks to identify and expose, from nursing care, which are the characteristics of the transition plan of the hospitalized patient in the mental health unit reported in the literature synthesizing the findings. Methodology. Scoping review according to the guidelines of the JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis and the PRISMA report. The databases PubMed, Biblioteca Virtual en Salud, Nursingovid and ScienceDirect were consulted, including publications in Spanish, English and Portuguese in the period 2015-2021. Results. Fourteen articles were selected, identifying the following topics: Discharge Planning and Preparations; Continuity of Health Care; Social and Family Support for Discharge; and Therapeutic Adherence and Implications for Nursing Practice. Discussion. In line with other studies, the interventions that deal with good interpersonal relationships, social support and the generation of the link between the hospital and the community stand out. Conclusions. The retrieved literature reports five characteristics of the transition plan with nursing interventions that represent the success of the transition process for the patient. Introdução. A readmissão hospitalar de pacientes com doença mental é causada principalmente pela descompensação do transtorno subjacente. Por isso, intervenções voltadas para a reabilitação e reinserção social devem ser consideradas, sendo a transição para o cuidado domiciliar uma estratégia que contribui para a redução de lacunas, acesso aos serviços e reinternações. O presente estudo busca identificar e expor, de uma perspectiva de cuidados de enfermagem, quais são as características do plano de transição do paciente internado na unidade de saúde mental relatadas na literatura, sintetizando os resultados. Metodologia. Revisão do âmbito de acordo com as diretrizes do JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis e do relatório PRISMA. Foram consultadas as bases de dados PubMed, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Nursingovid e ScienceDirect, incluindo publicações em espanhol, inglês e português no período de 2015-2021. Resultados. Foram selecionados 14 artigos, identificando os seguintes temas: Planos e preparativos para a alta; Continuidade dos cuidados de saúde; Apoio social e familiar para alta; e Adesão terapêutica e implicações para a prática de enfermagem. Discussão. Em concordância com outros estudos, destacam-se as intervenções que trabalham o bom relacionamento interpessoal, o apoio social e a geração de vínculo entre o hospital e a comunidade. Conclusões. A literatura encontrada relata cinco características do plano de transição com intervenções de enfermagem que representam o sucesso do processo de transição para o paciente.

El concepto de trastorno mental permite justificar intervenciones médicas, psicológicas y judiciales. Además, facilita a la/el consultante acceder a tratamientos mediante reembolsos o programas de salud pública, y por otro lado, podría conllevar estereotipos sociales. No obstante, el significado de dicho concepto no ha dejado de suscitar debate. En el presente artículo argumentaré que los trastornos de personalidad, tal como son definidos en el DSM-5, no cumplen con los criterios de patología de las propuestas principales (i.e. teoría bio-estadística de la salud, disfunción dañina, o entidad patológica) debido a tres razones independientes: (i) no se han propuesto dis/funciones a la base de cada trastorno y, dado el estado del arte de la psicología evolucionista, es poco probable que se pueda llevar a cabo ese programa en el futuro; (ii) el concepto de daño (distrés, perjuicio) aplicable a los trastornos de personalidad es constitutivamente social (aunque no exclusivamente social), por lo que resulta más adecuado hablar de grados de discapacidad que de trastornos del individuo; y (iii) que la ausencia de condiciones patognomónicas para cada trastorno, junto a la elevada comorbilidad y multimorbilidad entre trastornos de personalidad, horada la validez de la nosología actual y de los diagnósticos diferenciales. Propondré como solución la eliminación de los trastornos de personalidad de la nosología psiquiátrica. Eliminar los trastornos de personalidad no equivale a desconocer el sufrimiento de las personas diagnosticadas, ni a ignorar que dicho sufrimiento precede a, –y no acaba con la disolución de– la etiqueta diagnóstica. Por ello, se propondrá una reconceptualización de dicho sufrimiento en términos de discapacidad, entendida desde el modelo social, y que no presupone patología.

El artículo presenta una revisión documental sobre las intervenciones de la psicología en la virtualidad, dando a conocer técnicas, prácticas y novedades en las intervenciones psicológicas virtuales antes de la pandemia COVID-19. El objetivo fue indagar el estado actual de las intervenciones virtuales en la psicología antes de la pandemia. Se realizó una revisión de cincuenta artículos, pesquisados en fuentes especializadas como Redalyc, Scielo, Dialnet, E-libro, EBSCO, entre otras; además, se efectuó análisis de contenido y metodología de análisis cualitativo por categorías. En los artículos indagados se encontró que la realidad virtual (RV) es la herramienta más utilizada para realizar intervenciones de psicología virtual antes de la pandemia COVID-19. Entre las problemáticas psicológicas intervenidas, antes de la pandemia, se identificaron trastornos de ansiedad, depresivos, alimentarios, neuropsicológicos, esquizofrenia y otros trastornos psicóticos. Se encontró, igualmente, que la realidad virtual es eficaz y tiene alta aceptabilidad en tratamientos psicológicos, lo cual posibilita procesos psicoterapéuticos virtuales, como una experiencia eficaz, requiriendo, para su funcionamiento óptimo, diversidad y dinamismo en la comunicación virtual. Se concluyó que la RV es la técnica más utilizada en el tratamiento de distintas problemáticas psicológicas, antes de la pandemia, especialmente en trastornos de ansiedad, por lo que es la problemática más intervenida.

Copyright of Gaceta Médica de México is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria is the property of Asociacion Colombiana de Psiquiatria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of SMAD Revista Electronica Salud Mental, Alcohol y Drogas is the property of Universidade de Sao Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirao Preto and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: The resident doctor plays an important role in people›s health care. Objective: To compare the cognition of medical residents with/without anxiety in a specialist training hospital. Material and methods: Comparative, prospective, crosssectional study. Medical residents of any grade and specialty were included, who signed informed consent. Those with a diagnosis of cognitive impairment were excluded, and who did not complete the tests were eliminated. AMASA test was applied to assess anxiety and NEUROPSI: Attention and memory test for cognitive characteristics. Mann-Whitney›s U and Spearman›s rho were used, p = 0.05 was considered significant. Results: 155 residents were evaluated, 55.5% men, mean age 32.4 years. Internal Medicine was the predominant specialty (25.2%). AMAS-A identified 94.19% residents with anxiety. NEUROPSI reported Attention and memory domain (38.7%) in normal classification, Memory (34.2%) in high normal, and Attention and executive functions (32.3%) in severe alteration as predominant assessments. Only Memory showed a significant difference between residents with and without anxiety (p = 0.015). Attention and executive functions-Physiological anxiety (r = -0.21, p=0.009) and Attention and memory-Social concern (r = -0.268, p = 0.001) correlations were significant. Conclusions: The percentage of anxiety and cognitive alterations in residents physicians is high. Anxiety decisively affects memory capacity in these medical doctors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Factors affecting the quality of physician care include a shortage of trained staff, stigma, and discrimination. Objective. The objective was to compare the intensity of stigmatization before and after a Psychiatry course, as measured by the scale of clinicians' attitudes towards mental illness, a version for medical students (MICA-2) designed to identify stigmatic attitudes towards mental disorders. Method. The fifth-year Medicine students enrolled in the Psychiatry course answered anonymously using the MICA-2 test at the start and the end of their course. Additionally, we asked the students to answer a question about their interest in learning more about mental illness. Results. Three hundred and thirty students were invited; 300 agreed to participate in the first application of the scales, and 291 in the follow-up. The average age was 22 ± 2 years, with a range of 20-30 years, and there was a similar gender distribution in both applications. In the initial application, the average score of the MICA-2 was 41.34 (SD = 7.86, 95% CI = [40.43, 42.25]). The follow-up application's mean was 37.10 (SD = 8.15, 95% CI = [36.30, 38.15]). Also, there was a decrease in interest in learning more about mental illness. Discussion and conclusion. A reduction in the average scores of the MICA-2 was observed after a Psychiatry course, suggesting that attitudes toward mental disorders improved. A Psychiatry clerkship with close supervision modified the attitudes of medical students toward mental disorders. However, it did not increase their interest in learning more about mental illness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objetivo: Este estudio buscó analizar el comportamiento de factores psicosociales (características sociodemográficas, diagnóstico principal, método de intento, cognición y comportamiento) en relación con el número de intentos de suicidio en pacientes con diagnóstico de enfermedad mental, atendidos en el Hospital Mental de Antioquia, entre los años 2014 y 2016, además de evaluar la relación asociativa de dichos factores en la reincidencia por intento. Métodos: Estudio de corte transversal, que analiza, en 248 personas con diagnóstico de afecciones mentales, la asociación mencionada. Para ello, se describe, primero, el perfil sociodemográfico y clínico; luego, se construye un modelo de regresión logística multivariada, para evaluar la asociación de factores psicosociales con el riesgo de reincidencia por intento. Resultados: La población se caracterizó, principalmente, por ser joven (12-20 años) y de género femenino (62,9 %), siendo la reincidencia del 40 %. Entre los hallazgos de mayor relevancia se informa que se presenta una mayor proporción de consumo de sustancias psicoactivas y bajo apoyo familiar/social en pacientes con cuatro episodios respecto a quienes tuvieron un intento. Los predictores explicativos del riesgo de reincidencia por intento de suicidio fueron el trastorno depresivo recurrente, escaso seguimiento psiquiátrico y el uso de métodos de menor letalidad (corte de muñecas). Conclusión: Los resultados son claves en el marco de la prevención del suicidio, en tanto identifican factores que contribuyen al aumento del número de intentos y su reincidencia, y coincide con la ventana temporal de inicio de vigilancia del evento en el sistema colombiano.

Objetivo. Describir las características y experiencias de los cuidadores familiares de personas con trastorno mental, atendidos en una institución de alta complejidad. Materiales y métodos. Estudio de método mixto, explicativo, con una secuencia inicial cuantitativa y luego cualitativa. La fase cuantitativa se realizó mediante instrumentos validados: ficha de caracterización de la díada persona con enfermedad crónica-cuidador familiar; el inventario de habilidad de cuidado (CAI) de Nkongho, y la escala de sobrecarga de Zarit. La fase cualitativa se realizó con un enfoque fenomenológico hermenéutico, la información se recolectó mediante entrevistas en profundidad para comprender las necesidades de los cuidadores. Resultados. Los cuidadores fueron, en su mayoría, mujeres, principalmente madres e hijas, con educación básica primaria, ocupación hogar y dedicados al trabajo independiente, nivel socioeconómico bajo, nivel de habilidad de cuidado bajo y un importante número de cuidadores perciben algún grado de sobrecarga. Los temas identificados en el análisis de las entrevistas fueron: sintiendo miedo ante la enfermedad; la experiencia del cansancio del cuidador; perder el trabajo: otro costo de la enfermedad; el temor de delegar el cuidado; el amor: un soporte para el cuidador; necesitando apoyo para cuidar. Conclusiones. El cuidador experimenta una situación compleja asociada con la gran demanda de cuidados, y condiciones en que progresa la alteración de la salud mental.