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Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria is the property of Asociacion Colombiana de Psiquiatria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introducción: El síndrome de Sheehan o infarto de la glándula hipofisiaria es una causa de panhipopituitarismo secundario a una hemorragia uterina posparto que produce necrosis de la glándula pituitaria. Sus manifestaciones clínicas son inespecíficas y pueden presentarse varios meses o años después del parto. Los síntomas iniciales más comunes son agalactia y/o amenorrea, en algunos casos pueden presentar síntomas psiquiátricos de los cuales el 32% corresponden a depresión mayor. Presentación de caso: Paciente con antecedente de trastorno depresivo mayor, ideación e intentos suicidas, con relación temporal de inicio de síntomas posterior a hemorragia postparto 30 años atrás, acompañado de agalactia y oligomenorrea en el postparto. Consulta por fatiga crónica, dolor muscular generalizado, astenia y adinamia acompañado de atrofia mamaria y perdida de vello facial. Se documenta hipotiroidismo central y estudios de laboratorios e imagenológicos compatibles con panhipopituitarismo y silla turca vacía. Se consideró paciente con síndrome de Sheehan, fue instaurado tratamiento antidepresivo, terapia cognitivo conductual, reposición hormonal con evolución mejoría de síntomas constitucionales y depresivos. Conclusión: El panhipopituitarismo secundario a síndrome de Sheehan hace parte de las etiologías secundarias de trastornos afectivos en pacientes con antecedentes obstétricos, se recalca la importancia del diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno.

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria is the property of Asociacion Colombiana de Psiquiatria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El objetivo de la investigación fue describir la producción científica sobre estudios psicométricos de instrumentos de tamizaje para la depresión en población peruana. Para ello, se realizó un estudio descriptivo de la literatura científica en Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed y SciELO, con descriptores para depresión, propiedades psicométricas y Perú. Luego del proceso de revisión se incluyeron 22 estudios. Se encontraron validaciones de instrumentos de tamizaje en adultos mayores, adultos, adultos con depresión, mujeres adultas, mujeres embarazadas, profesionales de salud, estudiantes universitarios, estudiantes de secundaria y niños. El Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) fue el instrumento más estudiado. A pesar de que los estudios psicométricos cubren la mayoría de las poblaciones, quedan pendientes los pueblos originarios y poblaciones clínicas. El PHQ-9, por sus características, podría implementarse en las políticas de salud mental del Perú.

Introduction: Depression is a common mood disorder, whose recurrence alters its management and prognosis. The aim of the paper is to describe the hospital discharge rate (HED) for recurrent depressive episode (RDE) between 2018-2021 in Chile, according to sex, age and severity. Materials and methods: Observational and cross-sectional study considering hospital discharges due to DRE in the period 2018-2021 in Chile (N=1551). The databases of the Department of Health Statistics and Information and the National Institute of Statistics were used. The variables studied were sex, age group and severity. Ethics committee approval was not required. Results: The lowest HTE was observed in 2020 with 1.91 discharges per 100,000 inhabitants. Females stood out during the entire period with an HTE of 3.68 discharges per 100,000 population. The 15-19 years age group stood out with the highest HTE in both sexes with 5.3 admissions per 100,000 inhabitants. In terms of severity, hospitalizations were concentrated in patients with unspecified diagnosis. Discussion: The COVID 19 pandemic could explain the decrease in HTE in 2020, with a reduction in diagnosis and hospitalization for RDE, presumably due to the bed conversion phenomenon. HTE is higher in the female sex, which is consistent with the literature. The predominance of the 15 to 19 years age group disagrees with the evidence, which indicates that it tends to be concentrated in individuals aged 25 to 64 years. Conclusion: HTE due to DRE was concentrated in young women. It is important to know the local epidemiology in order to focus resources on the timely detection of risk factors to avoid serious episodes and reduce their recurrence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Paulista de Enfermagem is the property of Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Escola Paulista de Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the context of the 80th anniversary of the Mexican Institute for Social Security (Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, IMSS), there are several health problems and challenges to be faced in relation to user population, which currently represents 42% of Mexico's population. Among these issues, once five waves of COVID-19 infections have passed and mortality rates have decreased, mental and behavioral disorders stand out as a reemerging problem that should be prioritized. In response to this, in 2022 the Mental Health Comprehensive Program (MHCP, 2021-2024) took place, which represents, for the first time, the opportunity to provide health services that address mental disorders and addictions of the user population of IMSS, under the Primary Health Care model, i.e., prioritizing health promotion, risk factors prevention, screening, timely diagnosis, and not just hospitalization and drug supply. Among the MHCP strategies, which motivated the writing of this document, we highlight the availability of reliable data, through the census of mental and behavioral disorders, related to important characteristics in terms of population, state, hospital, prevalence of disorders, in order to act accordingly through the infrastructure and human resources available at IMSS, with emphasis on the first level of care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte is the property of Centro Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: to know the levels of depression and depressive symptoms in Angolans with HIV. Method: descriptive and mixed study, with sequential exploratory strategy, in the pre-pandemic period in a public hospital in Angola. Semi-structured interviews were carried out, with the application of the Beck Depression Inventory. For analysis purposes, it considered the concept of depression from the international classification of diseases. Results: mild to moderate depression prevailed for both sexes and marital status. In G1, the majority, in addition to sadness or unhappiness, cannot bear the anguish, some verbalize being aware that crying will not lead them to have a previous life in this reality. Now they feel irritable all the time and they don't enjoy things the way they used to. In G2, they expressed suicidal ideas and feelings, were discouraged about the future, perceived themselves as failures more than a person without the disease, and postponed decision-making more than usual. Conclusion: although severe forms of depression have not prevailed, the occurrence of negative symptoms in various spheres of life can evolve, especially in the angolan context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the research was to describe the scientific output of psychometric studies on screening instruments for depression in the Peruvian population. We carried out a descriptive study of the scientific literature in Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed and SciELO, with descriptors for depression, psychometric properties, and Peru. After the review process, we included 22 studies. We found validations of screening instruments for older adults, adults, adults with depression, adult women, pregnant women, health professionals, university students, high school students and children. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was the most widely used instrument. Psychometric studies cover most populations; however, native people and clinical populations remain to be studied. The PHQ-9, due to its characteristics, could be implemented in mental health policies in Peru. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Ketamine is a fast-acting anesthetic with hypnotic properties. Moreover, could potentially improve affective symptoms in patients with refractory depressive disorder. Objective. explore the scientific literature available until December 10, 2021, about the efficacy and safety of ketamine in patients with treatment-refractory major depressive disorder. Material and methods. Scoping review that included PubMed and Scopus. Records of clinical trials and publications with empirical data in English and Spanish were included. Results. 31 documents and 12 clinical trial records were included: randomized clinical trials (n = 19), non-randomized clinical trials (n = 11) and retrospective cohort studies (n = 1). The sum of participants in clinical trial registries was 1,318. Some 58.3% (7/12) of the records of clinical trials are not yet recruiting the study population, 25% (3/12) are phase 2 studies and only one study is currently in phase four. Conclusions. The evidence supports the use of ketamine for the treatment of refractory depression. Adverse effects are generally mild and self-limited, although more complex adverse effects require monitoring by experienced personnel. Experimental studies are needed to compare the efficacy and safety of ketamine versus electroconvulsive therapy as the first-line treatment for this entity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río is the property of Editorial Ciencias Medicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Saúde Coletiva is the property of MPM Comunicacao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Nowadays, mental health has acquired greater relevance and attention as a consequence mainly of the COVID-19 pandemic, to which is attributed a negative impact on the development of life, work and social coexistence of people, along with the magnitude derived from non-communicable diseases. This is why the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS, Mexican Institute for Social Security) developed the Mental Health Comprehensive Program 2021-2024, whose main purpose was to establish strategies and lines of action for the prevention, early detection and timely management regarding mental health and addictions. Based on this, different actions have been carried out, for example, the identification of the material and human resources available at IMSS to meet the mental health issue; the training of healthcare professionals at the three levels of care; the integration of a census that has reported a prevalence of anxiety and depressive episodes in the users of 39.9 and 3%, respectively, as well as the evaluation of instruments for screening mental disorders. Therefore, this document describes what has been done at IMSS in relation to the user's mental health in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El objetivo del presente artículo es sistematizar evidencia científica disponible sobre violencia familiar y su relación con los trastornos depresivos. La investigación estuvo orientada a la indagación bibliográfica en la base de datos de Scielo. Se enfocó en la temática de violencia intrafamiliar y generación de la afección mental, especialmente los trastornos depresivos y pautas para prevenirlos, de utilidad para el quehacer investigativo y asistencial de autoridades, operadores judiciales y profesionales de la salud. Entre los principales resultados se obtuvo que los trastornos depresivos están fuertemente asociados a la violencia intrafamiliar. Asimismo, se estableció que las mujeres, en especial las embarazadas, expuestas a violencia por sus parejas íntimas, sufrieron de maltratos psicológicos (presentando signos depresivos), seguidos de maltratos físicos, violencia sexual y violencia económica-patrimonial; al respecto el MINP (noviembre 2020), señaló que, de 58 595 mujeres sometidas a violencia familiar, entre los 18 y 59 años de edad, el 49.8% era por violencia psicológica. De otro lado, los niños y adolescentes también se vieron afectados en su salud mental, a consecuencia de las agresiones ejercidas por sus padres, alterándose sus procesos psicosociales y convirtiéndose en un factor de riesgo para síntomas depresivos u otras conductas autodestructivas. En ese sentido, el MINSA informó que los trastornos más habituales en infantes y jóvenes son por problemas emocionales, como depresión o ansiedad ligados a violencia doméstica. Por último, los adultos mayores integrantes del grupo familiar, también fueron afectados por algún tipo de violencia, sobre todo la psicológica, en especial los adultos entre los 70 y 79 años de edad, que presentaron signos de depresión.

Copyright of Cadernos de Saude Publica is the property of Escola Nacional de Saude Publica Sergio Arouca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introducción: La enfermedad renal crónica avanzada se define como la presencia de daño renal y se caracteriza por alteraciones estructurales y funcionales que disminuyen la tasa de filtración glomerular. Esta enfermedad constituye un punto de cambio en la vida de las personas que la padecen, pues los obliga a diseñar estrategias mediante las cuales puedan reestructurar sus sueños, aspiraciones y proyectos de vida debido a que esta es una condición que cambia los estilos de vida y ocasiona otras entidades que afectan los niveles físico, psicológico y social. Objetivo: Determinar los factores asociados a la depresión en personas con enfermedad renal crónica avanzada en población del departamento de Boyacá, Colombia. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal en 201 pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica en fases avanzadas y que estuvieran en manejo con terapia dialítica. Para la obtención de los datos se aplicó el cuestionario de depresión de Beck, además se incluyeron variables demográficas, sociales y clínicas. Resultados: La edad promedio de los participantes fue 58,5 años, el 76,11 % eran varones y la prevalencia de depresión fue de 40,29 %. Las personas con pareja estable y que cuentan con apoyo familiar y buena atención por parte del personal de salud tienen menos probabilidad de presentar depresión, mientras que los mayores de 50 años de edad, quienes llevan más dos años en terapia dialítica y aquellos que presentan otras enfermedades como diabetes mellitus y enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica tienen probabilidades más altas de desarrollar depresión. Conclusiones: Se considera prudente crear grupos de apoyo en las unidades de diálisis, donde se incluya a los pacientes y sus familiares, con el fin de detectar tempranamente problemas de salud mental y darles un manejo temprano, buscando de esta forma una adecuada adherencia al tratamiento de las patologías de base.

Copyright of Adicciones is the property of Sociedad Cientifica Espanola de Estudios sobre el Alcohol and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introducción: Se estima que al menos el 50% de los pacientes que son usuarios habituales de los servicios de hospitalización psiquiátrica se han re-hospitalizado durante el primer año del alta hospitalaria. Para reducir el impacto derivado de la atención en eventos de salud, el SGGC de Colombia, recomienda a las instituciones de salud optimizar los recursos de atención, evaluar y mejorar la calidad de la atención en la población que requiera hospitalización. Objetivo: Identificar los determinantes relacionados con el reingreso hospitalario en pacientes con diagnóstico compatible con trastorno mental grave en una IPS especializada de Cali - Colombia 2017. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de casos y controles en una IPS especializada en salud Mental de la ciudad de Cali, se incluyeron 105 casos y 315 controles. Para una muestra de 420 pacientes. se realizó un análisis bivariado y análisis multivariado. Resultados: El 14.2% de los pacientes presentaron al menos un reingreso. El trastorno afectivo bipolar se presentó con mayor frecuencia en los reingresos con un 41%, pero no presentó asociación estadísticamente significativa con un OR ajustado: 0.94 (IC 95%: 0.53–1.67). El modelo final arrojó significancia estadística en la adherencia al tratamiento como un factor protector para prevenir el reingreso hospitalario en pacientes con TMG, OR ajustado: 0.35 (IC 95%: 0.21–0.58). Conclusión: El total de pacientes, contribuyeron con 153 hospitalizaciones (20.7%). Por esta razon es importante hacer seguimiento al evento para estalbecer las causas de l reingreso y establecer las acciones para reducir la frecuencia.

Copyright of Revista de Salud Pública is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Perceived social support (PSS) is a crucial factor in physical and mental health. Previous studies found a negative association between childhood maltreatment (CM) and current PSS. In this paper, we investigate whether psychopathology moderates this association in a sample of patients with Depressive Disorder (DD) and Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). Sixty-nine patients with DD and 110 patients with BPD were recruited to inpatient/day clinic treatment programmes for either DD or BPD. All participants completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and the Social Support Questionnaire (F-SozU). Our hypothesis was tested with a moderator analysis in a multiple linear regression model. We found a significant interaction between diagnosis and CM for the CTQ total score and the emotional abuse subscale. Post hoc analyses revealed a significant negative correlation between CM and PSS only for patients suffering from BPD and not for patients with DD. Our results suggest that the negative association between CM and PSS might be more pronounced in certain patient groups, particularly patients with BPD. The negative association between childhood maltreatment and perceived social support is more pronounced in patients with Borderline Personality Disorder than in patients with Depressive Disorder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Major depressive disorder is related to unfavourable outcomes in patients with severe comorbidities. In transplant patients, major depression is associated with worse clinical outcomes., Case Report: We present the case of a 55-year-old man with a heart transplant due to heart failure of ischaemic origin. Six months after the transplant he developed depressed mood, anhedonia and suicidal ideation with a score of 20/27 on the PHQ-9 depression screening scale. After receiving mirtazapine 30 mg/night for a week and persisting with a high suicide risk, it was decided to administer ketamine infusion for 24 h, with which a significant improvement in mood was observed, and the disappearance of suicidal ideation 24 h after the infusion., Discussion: Depression in transplant patients is a factor associated with graft loss and post-transplant mortality, in addition to favouring other negative outcomes such as deep vein thrombosis., Conclusions: Ketamine infusion was shown to be an effective and safe option to treat major depression with suicidal risk in a heart transplant patient., (Copyright © 2022 Asociación Colombiana de Psiquiatría. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

El foro de Ciencias de la Vida y la Salud de la Misión de Sabios creada por el actual Presidente de la Republica dio a conocer en diciembre pasado los resultados de la Gran Encuesta en Salud en Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación. La encuesta, realizada en distintas regiones del país, reveló cifras y datos importantes con respecto al sistema de salud en Colombia. La salud mental es la gran preocupación: “Una de cada cuatro personas que respondieron la encuesta, manifestó sentirse triste y con un bienestar no adecuado en las últimas dos semanas”

Copyright of Revista Argentina de Cardiología is the property of Sociedad Argentina de Cardiologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: It is not clear if depressive symptomatology has a significant effect on periodontitis or what its route of action is. Purpose: To test the direct relationship between oral hygiene habits and clinical attachment loss, as well as the effect of depressive symptomatology on clinical attachment loss, either directly or mediated by oral hygiene habits. Methods: Non-probability convenience sampling was used in three populations. The Beck Depression Inventory-II and the Oral Hygiene Habits Scale were administered, and clinical attachment loss was assessed in 35 dental patients with periodontitis, 26 mental health patients with depressive symptomatology, and 29 without people without these conditions. Results: Worse oral hygiene habits had a significant direct effect on a greater clinical attachment loss among those without the conditions. The effect of depression on clinical attachment loss was significant, direct, and not mediated by oral hygiene habits among dental patients and those without the conditions. Its effect was small and not significant among mental health patients. The sense of the prediction of greater depressive symptomatology was towards a greater clinical attachment loss in the general population and mental health patients according to the expectation, but its sense is the opposite in dental patients. Conclusions: The revised model in dental patients, with an inverse direction in the last path, shows the effect of positive expectations of recovering oral health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: the aim of this study is to understand the diagnostic process undertaken by psychiatrists and psychologists regarding adjustment disorder (AD) in their clinical practice and how they differentiate it from major depressive episode (MDE). Methods: A hermeneutic study using grounded theory techniques was carried out. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with twelve psychiatrists and eight psychologists in Colombia, and transcribed verbatim. Initial line-by-line coding was performed, followed by focused and axial coding to construct categories explaining the professionals' reasoning process. Results: The clinical reasoning of professionals regarding AD was understood through four major categories. (1) Difficulty in addressing the experience of stressful events, as there is a risk of pathologizing and medicalizing them. (2) Mental health diagnoses are necessary but not apodictic. (3) The diagnostic category of AD allows for the description of a fluctuating depressive and anxious syndrome occurring in reaction to a stressful event, whose abnormality criteria are based on intersubjective knowledge of the patient's life history and consequential reasoning regarding the need for professional support. (4) The AD label could potentially protect against overdiagnosis of MDE and overuse of antidepressants. Many clinicians in their practice thus subordinate the diagnosis of MDE to ensuring it is not AD, contrary to what is outlined in diagnostic manuals. Conclusion: This study allowed us to understand the clinical reasoning of psychiatrists and psychologists about AD as a diagnosis that inherently indicates the need to work on coping and intervene in the stressor and should be considered as a diagnostic possibility in the same hierarchy as MDE in reactive syndromes, rather than a residual category.

In Brazil, little is known about the maintenance of results after treatment of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for major depressive disorder (MDD). The objective of this study was to verify the effectiveness of individual psychotherapeutic treatment from CBT for depressive symptoms within 6 and 12 months after the intervention. We evaluated 94 participants with MDD from the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II). There was significant posttreatment response (p <0.001), with no difference between the end of treatment and symptom assessment at 6 (p = 0.486) and 12 months (p = 0.098). A significant positive correlation was observed between the intensity of depressive symptoms at baseline and the reduction of initial symptoms for 12-month follow-up (r = 0.49; p <0.001). CBT significantly reduces depressive symptoms by maintaining this condition up to 12 months post-intervention without significant influence of other characteristics beyond the intensity of depressive symptoms at the beginning of the therapeutic process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Almost 5% of the Mexican general population (18-65 years old) has suffered depression once in their lives, and 2% of them more than once without receiving treatment. Objetive. To measure the prevalence of depressive disorder and to calculate its relationship with psychosocial indicators. Method. Data were collected through two censuses with high school and college students from a university in Mexico City (n = 116 214). Participants completed the CES-D and other scales. Multivariate logistic regression models were used. Results. The prevalence of depressive disorder was 16%. Predictors of depressive disorder were: having suffered psychological or sexual violence, having a family member who had been injured during an assault, history of depression in the family, poor quality in family and social relationships, among others. Discussion and conclusion. The prevalence of depressive disorder increases with age. As prevention and treatment at an early age are essential, intervention and monitoring strategies must be created and systematized taking gender and other elements into account, such as the relationship with the parents, violence, and a history of depression in the family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Nereis is the property of Universidad Catolica de Valencia, San Vicente Martir and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Sin resumen

Antecedentes: El trastorno depresivo mayor (TDM) es una enfermedad frecuente en la población general y una de las principales causas de discapacidad en el mundo. La distinción entre los cambios que normalmente ocurren en el estado del ánimo y aquellos que están presentes en el espectro de los trastornos depresivos no es una tarea fácil, por esta razón se han propuestos varios mecanismos e instrumentos para mejorar la detección de este trastornos en la consulta de atención primaria. Objetivos: Evaluar si la detección sistemática rutinaria con instrumentos de tamizaje, con o sin sistemas de seguimiento y manejo integrado, es más efectiva que la atención usual en identificar pacientes con depresión, facilitar su tratamiento, y mejorar los resultados clínicos, a nivel de la atención primaria. Material y Métodos: Para determinar la utilidad del tamizaje sistemático para depresión a nivel de atención primaria, se llevó a cabo una búsqueda de estudios de casos y controles, cohortes y controlados aleatorizados, revisiones sistemáticas, y meta-análisis, en las bases de datos MEDLINE, Base de datos de revisiones sistemáticas Cochrane, Registro central de estudios controlados Cochrane, PsycINFO, y EMBASE, desde enero de 1976 hasta el 30 de abril de 2013. Resultados: La evidencia existente mostró que muchos casos de depresión no son detectados. Los médicos de atención primaria (MAP) logran tasas de detección del trastorno depresivo entre el 30% y 40% (rango 7-70%), sin utilizar herramientas adicionales para el diagnóstico como las escalas de una, dos y tres preguntas. Los pacientes con los cuadros menos severos y más jóvenes son los menos detectados. Conclusiones: La evidencia encontrada muestra que el tamizaje para depresión a nivel de atención primaria con retroalimentación del resultado puede incrementar el reconocimiento del trastorno por parte del MAP. Sin embargo, el efecto de la retroalimentación sobre el tratamiento y los resultados en cuanto a mejoría del cuadro clínico o remisión es muy pobre, a menos que sea realizada en presencia de otros sistemas o grupos de apoyo que permitan asegurar el diagnóstico exacto, el tratamiento y el seguimiento de los pacientes cuyo resultado sea positivo. El apoyo consiste en algún tipo de atención directa del paciente deprimido, manejo de caso, apoyo en el cuidado y seguimiento, y tratamiento por un especialista en salud mental, entre otros.

Objective: This study investigated symptoms of anxiety and depression in relatives of patients admitted in the Intensive Care Unit and determined whether these symptoms were associated to the seriousness of the patients' condition. Metodology: A total of 102 patients' relatives were surveyed during the study. They were given a self-report questionnaire in order to assess demographic data, anxiety and depression symptoms. The symptoms of anxiety and depression were evaluated with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Patient's condition was evaluated with A.P.A.CH.E II Score. Results: More than 60% of patients' relatives presented severe symptoms of anxiety and depression. No relation was found between symptoms of anxiety and depression of the relatives of patients and patients' condition of health. On the contrary, these feelings used to exist regardless of the seriousness of patient's condition. Conclusions: The assessment of these patients is recommended in order serious problems of anxiety and depression to be prevented.

Brazilian and international scientific studies on depression and chronic kidney disease published between 2006 and 2016 in the PsycINFO and LILACS databases were analyzed. In total, 269 publications were analyzed against the inclusion and exclusion criteria, so that 21 articles remained for analysis. The studies were evaluated for the year of publication, periodicals, objectives, sample, results, associated constructs, and instruments of depression. The prevalence of depressive symptoms varied from 7.8% to 83.49%. Also, most samples were small and included both sexes. The year with most publications was 2011, and the Beck Depression Inventory was used in 66.67% of the studies. It is important to evaluate depression using instruments that take into account the specificities of the context in order to reduce bias and to permit a correct identification of the depressive symptoms in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objetivo. Se buscó establecer si los conocimientos y las creencias que los médicos generales tienen sobre el trastorno depresivo, pueden constituir una barrera para que los pacientes accedan a un diagnóstico y tratamiento oportunos. Metodología. Se utilizó una metodología cuantitativa de tipo descriptivo, implementada en dos instituciones del sector público de Bogotá, D.C, cuya población objeto fueron los médicos generales de consulta externa del primer nivel de atención. Resultados. El conocimiento de los médicos generales sobre los trastornos asociados a los cuadros depresivos es limitado en lo que tiene que ver con la etiología, el diagnóstico y el tratamiento. Entre sus creencias, la mayoría de los médicos entrevistados consideró que los mecanismos bioquímicos son importantes para la instauración de los síntomas depresivos y que, frente al ciclo vital, deprimirse es natural en la edad adulta. Conclusiones. Los médicos generales tuvieron dificultades en los conocimientos del trastorno depresivo, en lo relacionado con la posible etiología, el diagnóstico y el tratamiento, lo cual limita las posibilidades de su detección y manejo, así como de la promoción de la salud y prevención del trastorno mental.

Esta pesquisa verificou a adesão e conhecimento de pessoas com depressão quanto à farmacoterapia prescrita, a satisfação com a equipe de saúde e as dificuldades relacionadas ao tratamento medicamentoso. Trata-se de estudo transversal, descritivo, com abordagem quali-quantitativa. Participaram do estudo 27 pessoas atendidas em um serviço ambulatorial do interior de São Paulo - Brasil. Os dados foram coletados por entrevistas semiestruturadas e revisão de prontuários e analisados por estatística descritiva e análise de conteúdo. Constatou-se que 29,6% dos pacientes não aderiam aos medicamentos e que 51,9% desconheciam a dose dos medicamentos prescritos. Como dificuldades para o seguimento da terapêutica medicamentosa, foram apontados o impacto dos sintomas depressivos sobre o autocuidado, a insatisfação com efeitos dos psicofármacos, a carência de apoio, a polifarmacoterapia e a falta de conhecimento sobre o transtorno e tratamento. Este estudo aponta fatores críticos para a promoção da segurança do paciente no seguimento da terapêutica medicamentosa.

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Introduction. Depression is a main cause of disability and it is a priority public health problem among the elderly because of its significant consequences regarding morbidity and mortality, especially in women. Methods. We selected records of people aged 65 and over out of the 2014 European Health Survey in Spain (n=6,520). We then performed a descriptive analysis stratified by gender of relevant variables such as demographic, socioeconomic, health status, health care and health determinants. We studied its connection with the presence of depressive disorders diagnosed by the PHQ-8 questionnaire. In a second phase we adjusted logistic regression models in order to assess depressive disorders based on the significant variables. Results. 12.6% of depressive disorders are detected (16.8% women; 7.1% men). Many of the variables are related to depressive disorders in bivariate analysis; however, only a regular or bad/very bad perceived state of health (ORm=6.7; ORw=3.8); bedrest; the difficulty or inability to walk and severe (ORm=3.5, ORw=2) and extreme pain (ORm=5; ORw=3.9) remain after multivariate adjustment in both sexes. Differentially depression in women is connected with not being able to read or write, the presence of chronic disease, and lack of interest from others; and in men a moderate degree of pain. Conclusions. The greater frequency and vulnerability of depression in elderly women may be connected to their educational level, their suffering from chronic diseases and social support. Longitudinal studies need to be undertaken to confirm the role and influence of these factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is increasing evidence about the role of nutrients in mental health. An adequate intake of nutrients contributes to better overall health and mental health in particular. Major depression is a severe mental illness with a high prevalence for which effective treatments exist but not in all cases the patient's remission is achieved. Therefore, it is increasingly aimed at optimizing the supply of nutrients necessary for adequate brain functioning as adjunctive therapy to antidepressant treatment in depressive disorders. In this article we review those nutrients that have been related to depression: Omega-3 fatty acids, B vitamins, s-adenosylmethionine, tryptophan, magnesium, zinc and probiotics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relationship between depressive experience style, family satisfaction, discomfort in interpersonal relationships, and suicidal behavior was studied in a purposive sample of 405 mental health patients in the Metropolitan Region of Chile. They were classified into high severity suicide attempt, low severity suicide attempt, suicidal ideation, and no suicidal behavior. The instruments used were: DEQ, OQ-45.2, APGAR, RFL, Risk-Rescue Rating Scale, and Suicidal Intent Scale. ANOVA, X², and models of mediation and moderation of conditional processes were conducted. The high severity suicide attempt group showed a significant predominance of the dependent style compared with the group without suicidal behavior. There was a high presence of the self-critical style throughout the sample, especially in the suicidal ideation group. The groups with suicide risk had higher dysfunctional rates of interpersonal discomfort and a greater perception of severe family dysfunction than the group without suicidal behavior. Satisfaction with family functioning was observed to influence the intention to die at the time of the suicide attempt. These results underscore the importance of family functioning and interpersonal relationships in suicide risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is increasing evidence about the role of nutrients in mental health. An adequate intake of nutrients contributes to better overall health and mental health in particular. Major depression is a severe mental illness with a high prevalence for which effective treatments exist but not in all cases the patient's remission is achieved. Therefore, it is increasingly aimed at optimizing the supply of nutrients necessary for adequate brain functioning as adjunctive therapy to antidepressant treatment in depressive disorders. In this article we review those nutrients that have been related to depression: Omega-3 fatty acids, B vitamins, s-adenosylmethionine, tryptophan, magnesium, zinc and probiotics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]