Search

Given two pick-up and delivery points, the best path chosen does not necessarily follow the criteria of minimum travel time or generalized minimum cost evaluated with a deterministic approach. Given a criterion, the perceived cost is not deterministic for many reasons (congestion, incomplete information on the state of the system, inexact prediction of the system state, etc.). The same consideration applies to the best-chosen route, assuming that the route is an ordered list of network nodes to visit. The paths and routes perceived and chosen (drivers or companies) could follow different criteria (i.e., minizmum congested travel time for the path and minimum monetary cost for the route). In this context, the paths chosen between two pick-up and delivery points, studied with the path choice problem (PCP), influence the best route, studied with the vehicle routing problem (VRP). This paper reports some considerations on the importance of modelling the path choice behavior in the VRP; the influence of the PCP on the VRP is studied. The considerations are supported by a numerical example in a small network in which the results obtained by adopting the deterministic or probabilistic models for the PCP are compared. To validate the reported thesis, the models are applied in a small test system, and it allows the reader to follow the numerical results step by step. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Growth trends in passenger transport demand and gross domestic product have so far been similar. The increase in mobility in one area is connected with the increase in GDP in the same area. This increase is representative of the economic and social development of the area. At the same time, the increase in mobility produces one of the most negative environmental impacts, mainly determined by the growth of mobility of private cars. International attention is given to the possibilities of increasing mobility and, therefore, social and economic development without increasing environmental impacts. One of the most promising fields is that of MaaS: Mobility as a Service. MaaS arises from the interaction of new user behavioral models (demand) and new decision-making models on services (supply). Advanced interaction arises from the potentialities allowed by emerging ICT technologies. There is a delay in the advancement of transport system models that consider the updating of utility and choice for the user by means of updated information. The paper introduces sustainability as defined by Agenda 2030 with respect to urban passenger transport, then examines the role of ICT in the development of MaaS formalizing a dynamic model of demand–supply interaction explicating ICT. Finally, the advanced Sustainable MaaS, defined SMaaS, is analyzed, evidencing the contribution to achieving the goals of Agenda 2030. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given two pick-up and delivery points, the best path chosen does not necessarily follow the criteria of minimum travel time or generalized minimum cost evaluated with a deterministic approach. Given a criterion, the perceived cost is not deterministic for many reasons (congestion, incomplete information on the state of the system, inexact prediction of the system state, etc.). The same consideration applies to the best-chosen route, assuming that the route is an ordered list of network nodes to visit. The paths and routes perceived and chosen (drivers or companies) could follow different criteria (i.e., minizmum congested travel time for the path and minimum monetary cost for the route). In this context, the paths chosen between two pick-up and delivery points, studied with the path choice problem (PCP), influence the best route, studied with the vehicle routing problem (VRP). This paper reports some considerations on the importance of modelling the path choice behavior in the VRP; the influence of the PCP on the VRP is studied. The considerations are supported by a numerical example in a small network in which the results obtained by adopting the deterministic or probabilistic models for the PCP are compared. To validate the reported thesis, the models are applied in a small test system, and it allows the reader to follow the numerical results step by step.