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Using the case study of Canada's private refugee sponsorship program, we show how neoliberalization heightens the power of non-immigrant civilians to broker immigrants' transnationalism. Private sponsors respond differently to two common and interrelated forms of refugee transnationalism in which they are structurally empowered to intervene. They encourage family reunification while discouraging remittances, although the former often depends on the fulfillment of the latter. Reflecting on these power imbalances, we classify private refugee sponsorship as part of a North American trend to devolve the management of noncitizens from state actors to ordinary citizens. We conclude by encouraging scholars of transnationalism to look down and investigate how non-immigrant private civilians in receiving countries increasingly shape newcomers' cross-border linkages. We also urge them to look up and attend to the broader neoliberal context empowering and structuring the behavior of citizen brokers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Española de Sociología is the property of Federacion Espanola de Sociologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Profile: Issues in Teachers' Professional Development is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias Humanas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Las prácticas transnacionales de los ciudadanos europeos desafían a nuestro concepto de espacio como referencia de solidaridad e identidad política. Aun así, se encuentran insuficientemente asumidas por las instituciones de la Unión Europea, ya que ésta sigue respondiendo al paradigma del Estado nacional de bienestar social. De ahí se ignora el gran potencial de este nuevo fenómeno social para pensar la solidaridad social más allá del Estado nación y rescatar a la Unión Europea de su crisis de legitimidad. En línea con Karl Deutsch, debemos interpretar el transnacionalismo europeo como un proceso de aprendizaje social que nos lleva a una futura identidad supra-nacional. Sin embargo, este proceso necesita ser respaldado por un nuevo modelo de Estado que se asiente sobre un concepto de solidaridad multicultural, expresándose en Europa con un contrato social originario entre distintas naciones europeas. En este sentido debemos prestar más atención sobre recientes estudios que cuestionan la incompatibilidad entre diversidad cultural y solidaridad social.

Este artículo revisa la influyente interpretación de Leslie Bethell sobre la no pertenencia de Brasil a América Latina durante el primer siglo posterior a la independencia. Al implementar una metodología informada por las historias conectadas y el giro espacial, destaca la importancia de las prácticas transnacionales dentro de la región, sobre todo la prensa escrita y los viajes. El argumento resultante es radical: Brasil no era menos parte de América Latina –entendida aquí como un espacio concreto de interacción y una identidad– que cualquier otro país hispanoamericano. Además, Brasil desempeñó un papel fundamental en su creación como región.

El artículo presenta un estudio de caso de las políticas de la Generalitat Valenciana orientadas al retorno de migrantes —la Estrategia Valenciana de Retorno y el Plan GenT—, con el propósito de enriquecer el debate teórico actual sobre la migración de retorno y las políticas de emigración. A través del análisis documental, el estudio analiza y compara los distintos elementos que componen estas políticas según la perspectiva analítica de la teoría de la acción propuesta por Subirats (2012). Los resultados del estudio muestran, por un lado, divergencias en ambas iniciativas en cuanto al carácter participado, en la representación social de la persona migrante retornada, en la percepción de la reintegración y en cómo se refleja en las medidas propuestas; mientras que, por otro lado, evidencian similitudes en la consideración del enfoque transnacional en algunos de sus supuestos y en el desarrollo de las mismas, así como en qué medida el retorno es percibido como el final del ciclo migratorio.

This article assesses the prevalence and implications of the research foci methodological nationalism, methodological globalism, and transnationalism in publications regarding the 2011 Arab uprisings. We propose a new typology that contrasts state‐centered methodological nationalism with the cosmopolitan lens of methodological globalism as two opposite ends of a spectrum. Transnationalism is conceptualized in between these two, due to its sensitivity to multiple localities and cross‐border variables. We compare the merits and limits of these three research foci through quantitative research and content analysis. Our systematic review of one decade of scholarship on the Arab uprisings suggests a consistent trend toward the dominance of methodologically nationalist research approaches in Middle Eastern studies. This is surprising because the multilocal nature of the Arab uprisings suggests that it can best be analyzed transnationally. This article, therefore, critically discusses the methodological nationalist bias to better understand and illustrate the trend. We conclude by highlighting some comparative advantages offered by transnational perspectives on actors and processes in the Arab uprisings and its aftermath. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Resumo Este artigo apresenta uma investigação sobre os desafios enfrentados pelos estudantes brasileiros no ensino superior em Portugal durante a pandemia de Covid-19. Utilizando questionários e entrevistas online, o estudo destaca o impacto significativo da pandemia na mobilidade, estabilidade financeira e saúde mental desses estudantes. Apesar dos desafios que enfrentaram e incertezas sobre suas perspectivas de carreira, os estudantes brasileiros demonstraram resiliência e adaptabilidade. O suporte que tiveram de suas redes de contato e as suas expectativas temporais desempenharam um papel relevante em seus agenciamentos. O estudo ressalta a importância de uma perspectiva transnacional na compreensão dos fatores sociais, econômicos e emocionais que moldam as experiências dos estudantes internacionais, e oferece evidência empírica valiosa para abordar os desafios da mobilidade humana em um contexto global complexo. Os resultados podem ser utilizados para informar o desenvolvimento de políticas e programas que atendam às necessidades dos estudantes internacionais em tempos de crise.

La lucha contra el hambre en todo el mundo es un objetivo central del desarrollo para mejorar la calidad de vida. Asegurar el acceso a una alimentación adecuada es una cuestión compleja que puede y debe ser abordada desde la perspectiva de las Relaciones Internacionales. Este artículo analiza esta cuestión desde el fenómeno de la transnacionalización de las relaciones internacionales y bajo la perspectiva del regionalismo abierto en Centroamérica, concretamente, a través del Acuerdo de Libre Comercio entre Estados Unidos (EE. UU.) y El Salvador, conocido como CAFTA-DR, el cual fue firmado en 2004 y entró en vigor en 2006.

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This paper provides insight into the transnational perspectives of the Boko Haram insurgency in Nigeria's northeast region since 2010. It reveals that the transnational dimensions of the insurgency in terms of the porous borders, movement of persons, trafficking of arms and ammunition spread of Islamic fundamentalism, and access to funding have contributed to elongating the conflict in the northeast. The paper employs primary and secondary sources to analyze and interpret the subject matter of the paper. It utilizes the theory of transnationalism to theorize and shed light on the transnational character of the Boko Haram insurgency in Nigeria's northeast region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on new archival documents and on original interviews, this article extends recent works exploring radical and critical geographies from linguistic areas other than the Anglo-American ones. It addresses the extraordinary story of the two international meetings for the "New Geography" that took place in Salto, Uruguay, in 1973 and in Neuquén, Argentina, in 1974, still ill-known due to the military dictatorships in the Southern Cone, which forced many of their protagonists to exile or to professional reconversion. Analyzing surviving documents and reconstructing the trajectories of these gatherings' protagonists allows the development of an original point for today's critical and radical geographies. That is, the frameworks of national academies are insufficient to develop critical approaches that need first to be constructed through practices rather than mere theories, addressing societal problems in connection with activism. This business can be only accomplished though voluntarist, transnational and cosmopolitan scholars' engagement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Versants: Revista Suiza de Literaturas Románicas is the property of University Library of Bern and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this article is to analyze the Trump administration's anti-immigrant rhetoric and policies (2017-2021) through the lens of the concept "authoritarian neoliberalism" and their effects on remittances from the Mexican community. That administration exalted modern U.S. nationalism and that was reflected in anti-immigrant operations, especially aimed at the Mexican population. The authors underline that, despite tougher policies, the Mexican population, linked to priority activities in the transnational process, sent more and more remittances to Mexico, even during the SARS cov19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are four generations of active writers who give life to the Peruvian transnational literary system. The analysis of this system uses the reflections on literary systems and migrant subjects of the Peruvian critic Antonio Cornejo Polar. I will review three recently published anthologies about Peruvian narrators in the United States to identify their contributions and literary specificities. These are Lo que tenemos en común. Antología de narradores peruanos en Estados Unidos (2019) by Alfredo del Arroyo and Ricardo Vacca, Cuentos de ida y Vuelta. 17 narradores peruanos en Estados Unidos (2019) by Luis Hernán Castañeda and Carlos Villacorta, and Las locas ilusionesy otros relatos de migración (2020) by Oswaldo Estrada and others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This article aims to analyze the influence of Portuguese immigrants, as well as their political and social networks, in the construction of anarchism in Brazil since its establishment until the 1920s. militants in the Portuguese community of the Brazilian labor movement, as well as in revolutionary syndicalism and among anarchists: Joaquim Mota Assunção, Neno Vasco and Tércio Miranda. We hypothesize that Portuguese linguistic and cultural elements favored the construction of organizations that united Portuguese immigrants at first, but this did not exclude efforts for unions with the traditions of local struggles and also with other foreigners. This tendency was influenced by the ideologies gestated by the internationalist tradition and also by the transnationalist practice of the Portuguese agents or their descendants, building common class spaces between different countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

RESUMO Inacabado e ambicioso, O Banquete, o derradeiro ensaio musicológico de Mário de Andrade, ilustra o conflito entre a ideia de um nacionalismo musical e sua ruptura por meio de uma teoria compositiva europeia de vanguarda. O ensaio é uma sorte de diálogo com o dodecafonismo que foi introduzido, na Argentina, em 1934, por Juan Carlos Paz e, no Brasil, em 1937, por Hans Joachim Koellreutter.

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Copyright of Latino Studies is the property of Palgrave Macmillan Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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En las últimas décadas ha ido aumentando de manera significativa las relaciones asimétricas que el capitalismo global propicia entre países más industrializados (receptores de migrantes) y países en desarrollo (emisores de migrantes). Éstas inciden en que un número cada vez mayor de mujeres de estos últimos se vean abocadas a mantener a sus hijos en contextos trasnacionales al tiempo que se incorporan al mercado laboral reproductivo cuidando niñas/os y mayores en los primeros. Asimismo, la emergencia y desarrollo de familias transnacionales y del ejercicio de la maternidad transnacional -como así se han denominado a estos fenómenos en las ciencias sociales-, contrasta con el aumento del número de mujeres y hombres de países más industrializados que también cruzan fronteras nacionales para tener a sus hijos/as -ya sea a través de la adopción internacional, Técnicas de Reproducción Asistida (TRA) o gestación subrogada en aquellos países donde se permiten. A partir de investigaciones etnográficas con familias no-heterosexuales en España, estos procesos de formación y reproducción de la familia, que emergen y se desarrollan como consecuencia de condiciones estructurales cambiantes en contextos de globalización, se analizan desde una perspectiva transnacional y de género. Al tiempo que se tiene en cuenta su intersección con economía moral global/local, políticas nacionales e internacionales, sexualidad, etnicidad, clase, ciudadanía y legitimidad.

En este artículo expongo resultados del trabajo en una localidad de la provincia de Buenos Aires habitada por migrantes procedentes de Bolivia y por sus hijos y nietos, muchos de ellos nacidos y criados en Argentina. Presento desarrollos de la teoría socioantropológica y de los estudios migratorios sobre la descendencia y la transmisión generacional. A la luz de las categorías y debates expuestos analizo situaciones registradas en el trabajo de campo. Me detengo en las expectativas adultas sobre las identificaciones de sus hijos/as, en la proyección de que los y las jóvenes sigan siendo (bolivianos) y a la vez sean alguien en la vida y se incluyan en Argentina. Advierto la necesidad de asociar la noción bolivianos de segunda generación (en uso en la localidad) tanto a procesos de estigmatización, como a proyectos colectivos de continuidad en situaciones de movilidad y desposesión que desafían las posibilidades de transmisión generacional.

Resumo O presente trabalho busca, a partir de pesquisas recentes sobre programas de apoio à tradução estatais para escritores e livros brasileiros, portugueses e demais autores de língua portuguesa no exterior, traçar um panorama sobre o alcance, os efeitos e as estruturas de tais iniciativas. Apesar de bastante falados, tais programas raramente têm sido objeto de reflexão aprofundada; comumente apenas textos de divulgação escritos por agentes estatais e de mercado é que lançam um olhar um pouco mais reflexivo sobre esse tópico. Entretanto, permanecem visões demasiado apologéticas e\ou apenas descritivas sobre os apoios e subsídios ofertados pelos Estados nacionais para divulgar e promover suas literaturas, autores e línguas pelo mundo. Como tentaremos mostrar, tais programas afetam não apenas a dinâmica de circulação literária de um país, mas também a de toda a área linguística em que ele se situa. Nesse ponto, o caso da língua portuguesa é emblemático e expressivo, com Portugal e Brasil atuando em um mesmo idioma, porém, muitas vezes, em relações marcadas por alto grau de assimetria e antagonismo econômico, político e simbólico. Nesse sentido, pretende-se mostrar como, para além da promoção de um conjunto de autores e obras, os programas de apoio à tradução mantidos pelos Estados nacionais são, com frequência, instrumentos de luta por visibilidade no mercado editorial global, embora, ao mirar a dimensão global, provoquem também efeitos regionais e locais.

Este artigo consiste em um diálogo com o Odilon Caldeira Neto, com base no artigo de sua autoria “O Neofascismo no Brasil, local ou global?”, publicado na seção debate da revista Esboços. Duas reflexões são propostas neste breve comentário: primeiramente, procuro inserir as organizações de extrema direita brasileira dentro de um quadro mais amplo e complexo de transnacionalização que se opera no Sistema Internacional com a intensificação da globalização, valendo-me de uma literatura no campo das Relações Internacionais; (ii) No contexto do surgimento da nova direita brasileira, problematizo o enquadramento de alguns atores como neofascistas, dada a estratégia de metapolitização adotada por diversas organizações ultradireitistas no Brasil.

Comentário ao texto de Odilon Caldeira Neto.

Este artículo analiza los derechos que se les reconocen a los/as adolescentes y jóvenes migrantes en los diferentes momentos de su estancia en el país de recepción y las representaciones e imaginarios existentes sobre ellos, que se legitiman e institucionalizan en discursos políticos, normativas y prácticas. Estas representaciones contrastan con sus propias narrativas que reflejan su capacidad de agencia, de interpretación de su situación y de elaboración y ejecución de un proyecto vital. La metodología cualitativa y participativa empleada ha permitido recoger su voz y sus narrativas en toda su complejidad y riqueza. A partir de sus relatos se puede observar su resiliencia ante las situaciones de dificultad, así como las acciones de resistencia, individuales y colectivas, que articulan para interpelar los dispositivos de control y afrontar los mecanismos de opresión presentes en los contextos de recepción. Se evidencia así la importancia de reconocer la emergencia del actor colectivo, que se construye en los espacios de autorganización de la lucha migrante.

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O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar as formas de utilização das redes sociais virtuais por brasileiros estabelecidos no Chile, no que se refere às articulações e interações desses emigrantes na movimentação de “negócios étnicos”, grosso modo, empreendimentos de renda financeira criados por e para migrantes no país de destino. Como recursos teórico-metodológicos, nos baseamos nos conceitos de transnacionalismo, redes migratórias e webdiáspora, e realizamos uma análise de conteúdo, de abordagem qualitativa, sobre um corpus constituído de cinco páginas de diferentes grupos voltados para brasileiros no Chile presentes no Facebook, que reúnem 81.998 membros. Entre os principais resultados, destacamos que, ao recorrer a elementos identitários do Brasil, evocam-se hábitos, costumes e tradições vivenciadas pelos membros do grupo no país de origem, que acabam por gerar participação e despertar sentimentos de pertencimento, nostalgia e memórias, reforçando a ideia de “mercado da saudade” alinhado à proposta de “economia criativa”.

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Copyright of Esboços: Historias em Contextos Globias is the property of Esbocos: historias em contextos globais and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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The present article constitutes an approach to the process of integration into Cuban society of ex-Soviet immigrants who arrived in Cuba between 1960 and 1990, and currently reside in Havana. This is a case study whose results cannot be generalized beyond the sample analyzed (which was composed of 10 women). Nevertheless, they make it possible to derive inferences and hypotheses for future research on this phenomenon. The importance of the study is given by the scarcity of research related to the subject, as well as because that ethnic group represents the second place in quantitative terms among foreigners residing in Cuba ―after the Spaniards―, and has a significant female presence. The case study revealed that although the women who were part of the sample have experienced a growing integration into Cuban society, this has not been full or homogeneous, because although they have managed to integrate very satisfactorily into the labor and socioeconomic sphere, the same does not happen in other dimensions: for example, in the cultural dimension ―although they have achieved a growing sense of belonging and identification with Cuba― they show a certain biculturalism, since they have incorporated some elements of Cuban culture, but they preserve many of their culture of origin, while at the same time there are also manifestations of cultural hybridity in some aspects. In summary, although it´s not a linear process, the women interviewed show a very positive perception about the acceptance they have received from Cuban society, and because they haven´t experienced any marginalization, rejection or exclusion in this country, which most of them recognize as one of their two homelands. / RESUMEN El presente artículo constituye una aproximación al proceso de integración a la sociedad cubana de inmigrantes exsoviéticas que arribaron a Cuba entre 1960 y 1990, y residen actualmente en La Habana. Se trata de un estudio de casos cuyos resultados no pueden generalizarse más allá de la muestra analizada (la cual estuvo integrada por 10 mujeres). No obstante, permite derivar inferencias e hipótesis para futuras investigaciones sobre este fenómeno. La importancia del estudio está dada por la escasez de antecedentes de investigación relacionados con el tema en nuestro país, así como porque ese grupo étnico representa el segundo lugar en términos cuantitativos entre los extranjeros residentes en Cuba ―después de los españoles― y además tiene una significativa presencia femenina. El estudio de casos permitió conocer, de acuerdo con la información aportada por las entrevistadas, que aunque las mujeres que formaron parte de la muestra han experimentado una creciente integración a la sociedad cubana, esta no ha sido plena ni homogénea, pues si bien lo declarado por ellas ―con respecto a un grupo de indicadores seleccionados― evidencia que han logrado integrarse de manera muy satisfactoria en el ámbito laboral y socioeconómico en general, en la dimensión cultural ―aunque han alcanzado un creciente sentimiento de pertenencia e identificación con Cuba―, muestran una especie de biculturalismo, ya que han incorporado algunos elementos de la cultura cubana, pero conservan también muchos de la de origen, a la vez que reflejan manifestaciones de hibridez cultural en algunos aspectos. En la dimensión política, aunque no han sido miembros de organizaciones políticas propiamente dichas, ni participan en procesos eleccionarios ―por no poseer la ciudadanía cubana―, destacan su integración y participación en diferentes momentos históricos en organizaciones de masas y otras actividades que en nuestro contexto poseen carácter político, así como manifiestan un alto nivel de identificación con el proceso revolucionario y el sistema político cubano. En síntesis, aunque no se trata de un proceso lineal, las mujeres entrevistadas tienen una percepción muy positiva de la aceptación que han recibido por parte de la sociedad cubana, y aseveran no haber experimentado marginación, rechazo ni exclusión alguna en este país al que la mayoría de ellas reconoce como una de sus dos Patrias.

Resumen: En este artículo proponemos que la reciente migración venezolana es una diáspora en proceso de construcción. A partir de observación participante y entrevistas con informantes clave e inmigrantes venezolanos residentes en Argentina, Estados Unidos (Florida) y Portugal, sostenemos que tanto la experiencia común de la crisis humanitaria en el país de origen como la realidad transnacional compartida, contribuye a que los venezolanos en el exterior constituyan una diáspora en proceso de institucionalización y consolidación.

Vertente arquitetônica que se difundiu amplamente pelo continente latino-americano de forma quase sincrônica ao início do século XX, o neocolonial pode ser entendido como um “denominador comum” na arquitetura produzida nos países que compõe esse grupo. Este trabalho objetiva abrir um debate acerca da historiografia referente à arquitetura neocolonial sob uma perspectiva latino-americana e transnacional, viés de estudos que desponta como uma via importante para uma compreensão mais ampla dessa temática. Para tanto, como parte da análise de uma publicação basilar a essas discussões está o livro Arquitectura Neocolonial: América Latina, Caribe, Estados Unidos, publicado em 1994. Organizada por Aracy Amaral, a publicação conta com a colaboração de nomes proeminentes aos estudos latino-americanos: Marina Waisman, Ramón Gutiérrez, Roberto Segre, Margarita Gutman, Germán Téllez, dentre outros. A partir de seus desdobramentos, é identificada e discutida uma série de similaridades, aproximações e diferenças contextuais que colaboram para um aprofundamento na compreensão acerca da historiografia de arquitetura latino-americana referente ao neocolonial.

Este artículo analiza las migraciones de retorno a Argentina en el contexto de la Gran Recesión ocurrida en España entre 2008 y 2014. Argumentamos que las crisis forman parte de la experiencia transnacional, conectan los lugares de partida/destino y articulan sentidos prácticos. Los hallazgos se basan en una investigación cualitativa. Analizamos en los discursos los significados de las crisis, pues estas son relevantes tanto por su impacto sobre las condiciones de vida como por su sentido sociohistórico, a partir del cual se articulan marcos interpretativos que guían las trayectorias migratorias.