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Copyright of Film Quarterly / Kwartalnik Filmowy is the property of Kwartalnik Filmowy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Perspectives on Culture / Perspektywy Kultury is the property of Jesuit University Ignatianum in Krakow and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Perspectives on Culture / Perspektywy Kultury is the property of Jesuit University Ignatianum in Krakow and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Perspectives on Culture / Perspektywy Kultury is the property of Jesuit University Ignatianum in Krakow and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Artykuł w holistycznym ujęciu przedstawia możliwości transformacji instytucji edukacyjnej w kierunku zrównoważonego rozwoju. Przedstawiono również zasady zrównoważonego rozwoju, w tym czynniki, które mają wpływ na transformację instytucji edukacyjnych. Opisane zostały działania, jakie może podjąć instytucja, aby przyczynić się do zrównoważonego rozwoju, i jakich możemy spodziewać się korzyści z tego typu działań. Przedstawiono również przykłady dobrych praktyk służących transformacji instytucji edukacyjnych w kierunku osiągnięcia celów zrównoważonego rozwoju.

Copyright of Forum Pedagogiczne / Pedagogical Forum is the property of Uniwersytet Kardynala Stefana Wyszynskiego w Warszawie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Law & Security / Prawo i Bezpieczeństwo is the property of Jagiellonian University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Rozwój Regionalny & Polityka Regionalna is the property of Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza (IH UAM) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of The Mineral & Energy Economy Research Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences / Zeszyty Naukowe Instytutu Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi Polskiej Akademii Nauk is the property of Mineral & Energy Economy Research Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Management & Quality / Zarządzanie i Jakość is the property of Scientific Society of Organization & Management / Towarzystwo Naukowe Organizacji i Kierownictwa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Family Upbringing / Wychowanie w Rodzinie is the property of Family Upbringing Editorial Board / Redakcja czasopisma Wychowanie w Rodzinie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW: Ekonomika i Organizacja Logistyki is the property of Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Faculty of Economic Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The inspiration for the research undertaken by the authors was the thoughts and ideas found in the scientific output of the late Lech W. Zacher. At one of the scientific conferences, we had the honor of hearing for the first time the speech of this distinguished scientist. The paper delivered by the Professor dealt with many contexts of the evolution of the modern world. According to the scientist's opinion, techniques and technology are changing the whole world and each of us. The future is fraught with various states of uncertainty and a significant risk of self-destruction of the world as we know it. It is up to humans to cope with the growing number of problems. The article is divided into two parts, which are closely related. Its first part presents an assessment of economic changes in the world economy between 2000 and 2020. The study formulates a hypothesis, according to which the information technology revolution, as well as institutional and legal changes and the rise of meaning of transnational corporations have led to the activation of the process of disintegration of the existing world economic order. The study assumes that the tumultuousness and the multitudinousness of the phenomena at that time made it much more difficult to control economic processes, especially from the position of national economies. In the second part of the article, the authors present and explain the new geopolitical system taking shape in the world, which is a derivative of the economic changes described earlier. According to the authors, the current state of knowledge and observations of socioeconomic phenomena in the world allow us to formulate a thesis according to which the digital and technologized world described for many years by L.W. Zacher is becoming increasingly chaotic, fluid and unpredictable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Praktyka Teoretyczna is the property of University of Wroclaw and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Praktyka Teoretyczna is the property of University of Wroclaw and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Sektor energii elektrycznej w państwach Unii Europejskiej znajduje się w fazie głębokich przemian obejmujących zrównoważenie środowiskowe, niezawodność dostaw oraz wdrożenie działań integracyjnych w ramach w ramach wspólnego rynku energii. Redukcja emisji CO₂ w połączeniu z rosnącym zapotrzebowaniem na energię, kryzys cenowy, bezpieczeństwo dostaw, zmuszają decydentów do gruntownego przemyślenia modelu biznesowego sektora energetycznego. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie transformacji strukturalnej i technologicznej sektora energetycznego Włoch w oparciu o Business Model Canvas. Okres analityczny obejmuje lata 2000–2022, gdzie rok 2000 przyjęto za punkt odniesienia dla modelu biznesowego kształtującego się w 2022 roku. Obserwacja przemian sektora energetycznego w ostatnich latach była ważnym elementem debaty naukowej oraz wdrożeń gospodarczych. Od dwóch lat nastąpił ich przyrost wykładniczy. Autorzy również chcą zabrać głos w dyskusji, przedstawić sektor poprzez pryzmat Business Model Canvas, co nie jest często spotykane w literaturze przedmiotu. Wykorzystywany jest on bowiem na potrzeby opisania organizacji nie zaś sytemu.

OLIGARCHY IN THE POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC LIFE OF SELECTED POST-SOVIET STATES: COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE The oligarchization of economic and political life in the countries created after the collapse of the USSR is one of the main factors determining the forms and dynamics of the transformation of post-Soviet countries. Over the past thirty years, oligarchs in the post-Soviet area have actively participated in the distribution of state property and more. Thanks to the acquired capital resources, they directly or indirectly shape the policy of the countries created on the ruins of the USSR. They participate in the political process as owners of enterprises, sponsors, leaders of political forces, often occupy official state positions, influence legal and institutional solutions, and are a system-creating factor. Significantly, they often become victims of political and economic rivalry in the countries of the former USSR. Analysing the influence of the oligarchy on the internal policy of selected postSoviet countries, the problem of a specific ‘duality of leadership’ emerges which leads not only to mutual penetration and interdependence but also to a clash between the political and economic spheres. In the individual countries of the former USSR, this clash takes different forms and produces different results.

The oligarchization of economic and political life in the countries created after the collapse of the USSR is one of the main factors determining the forms and dynamics of the transformation of post-Soviet countries. Over the past thirty years, oligarchs in the post-Soviet area have actively participated in the distribution of state property and more. Thanks to the acquired capital resources, they directly or indirectly shape the policy of the countries created on the ruins of the USSR. They participate in the political process as owners of enterprises, sponsors, leaders of political forces, often occupy official state positions, influence legal and institutional solutions, and are a system-creating factor. Significantly, they often become victims of political and economic rivalry in the countries of the former USSR. Analysing the influence of the oligarchy on the internal policy of selected postSoviet countries, the problem of a specific ‘duality of leadership’ emerges which leads not only to mutual penetration and interdependence but also to a clash between the political and economic spheres. In the individual countries of the former USSR, this clash takes different forms and produces different results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Przeglad Socjologiczny is the property of Lodz Scientific Society / Lodzkie Towarzystwo Naukowe and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Studia Periegetica is the property of WSB University in Poznan and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis: Studia de Arte et Educatione is the property of Press of Pedagogical University of Cracow and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis: Studia de Arte et Educatione is the property of Press of Pedagogical University of Cracow and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Space & Form / Przestrzeń i FORMA is the property of West Pomeranian University of Technology, Department of Architecture & Urban Planning and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Wschodnioznawstwo is the property of Jagiellonian University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Political Science Studies / Studia Politologiczne is the property of University of Warsaw and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Economics & Environment / Ekonomia i Środowisko is the property of Fundacja Ekonomistow Srodowiska i Zasobow Naturalnych and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Przedmiotem artykułu jest namysł nad procesami transformacji zachodzących w złożonej przestrzeni aktywności na styku – doświadczeń, poznania, twórczości i emocji. Punktem wyjścia rozważań jest koncepcja analizy transwersalnej aktywności (Babier 2015, 2016). Opracowanie ukazuje strukturę działań twórczych w celu wykorzystania jej do analizy specyficznego rodzaju zachowań transformatywnych. Proces twórczy można rozpatrywać jako „transformację transformacji” oraz synergii. Proces tworzenia w perspektywie transwersalnej stanowi heurystyczny wymiar poszukiwań.

Celem artykułu jest zbadanie recepcji Biegunów Olgi Tokarczuk w hiszpańskojęzycznym kręgu kulturowym w oparciu o teksty dziennikarskie opublikowane na przełomie 2019 i 2020 roku. Zbadano łącznie 29 tekstów o różnym charakterze, głównie recenzji. Teksty poddano analizie pod względem zawartości i słów kluczy. W omawianych artykułach zaobserwowano dwie tendencje w sposobie odczytywania powieści: lekturę biograficzną i uniwersalną. Wykazano, że Tokarczuk została dostrzeżona w Hiszpanii dopiero po otrzymaniu Nagrody Nobla i zaczęła być traktowana jako odkrycie i nowy głos kobiety w literaturze europejskiej.

'Savoir-vivre with a past', or an Etiquette Guide of the Age of Transformation according to Agnieszka Osiecka, was published in the illustrated weekly Przekrój in 1993-1994. This article analyzes the column's content in the context of contemporary social and cultural change, focusing on issues from a broad field of dos and don'ts that acquired unexpected visibility during the early years of the Transformation, and tries to find out what was Osiecka's treatment of individual cases says of her own views. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Poland, there is a growing awareness of the need to change the sources of electricity and heat. An expression of this is the adoption of the document entitled Poland's Energy Policy until 2040 (PEP 2040) in February 2020 by the Council of Ministers. The goal of the Polish Energy Policy until 2040 is "energy security - ensuring the competitiveness of the economy, energy efficiency and reducing the environmental impact of the energy sector - taking into account the optimal use of own energy resources". In PEP 2040, the previous assumptions of the state's long-term energy policy were amended and an increase in the use of low- or non-emission sources was declared. In addition, the energy policy guidelines contain forecasts for the production of steam coal and the demand for this raw material. Based on the provisions of the document, as well as forecasts of the coal-production volume prepared by the authors and the assessments of experts in the fields related to energy and mining, the article contains considerations on the validity of the developed forecasts together with the determination of the production capacity of domestic mining enterprises in terms of covering the demand for steam coal used for the production of electricity and heat. It is planned, inter alia, that blocks of coal-fired power plants will be decommissioned and, in their place, there is to be the expansion of solar and wind energy and the commissioning of the first blocks of a nuclear power plant. Such activities, which cause a decrease in the demand for coal, are also related to the plans of changes in the functioning of mining enterprises - there will be successive closures of individual mines and mining plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Artykuł dotyczy procesu transformacji pracy ujętej jako wzajemne zazębianie zmian dokonujących się w dominujących instytucjonalnych formach przymusu pracy z formami organizacyjnymi jej realizacji. Analizując obecną fazę transformacji pracy, zwrócono uwagę nie tylko na zmiany techniczno-organizacyjne, związane z postępującą cyfryzacją i algorytmizacją pracy, ale i konsekwencjami społecznymi, takimi jak np. konieczność dalszych zmian systemów zabezpieczenia społecznego. Wskazano na zmianę znaczenia ekonomicznego pracy w funkcjonowaniu społeczeństwa na rzecz zwiększenia jej roli jako wyrazu świadomości znaczenia więzi społecznej w warunkach zbliżającego się coraz szerszego wykorzystywania sztucznej inteligencji i postępującej robotyzacji w sferze usług.

Copyright of Studia Socjologiczne is the property of Studia Socjologiczne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the area of profound changes aimed at federalization of power and a new division of powers in the European Union, the most visible asymmetry is a certain asymmetry in the number and content of publications by authors from Western Europe and Poland. An important catalyst of the need for the transformation of the EU is the struggle of democratic states against authoritarian and totalitarian systems, but also the integration of states within the EU. An effective way for the EU to win this fight is to deepen political, economic, climate, and organizational and institutional integration in relations with the Member States in order to achieve higher efficiency of functioning both internally and externally. It consists in adjusting the objectives of the European policies of the Member States to the geopolitical strategy of the EU. The aim of the author's research in the presented article was to draw attention not only to the presentation of the EU as a Western civilization at a "crossroads" in the understanding of the scientific and technical revolution by R. Richty, L. Zacher, E. Szumacher and H. McRae, or combining the globalization process with local needs and individual citizens, but rather the presentation of the need to deepen the functional, structural and network integration of the EU, supported by M. Castels, J. Habermas, A. Giddens, E. Grande and J. Zielonka in the political, socio-economic, cultural and military dimensions. The adopted narrative-descriptive and explanatory style was based on the analysis of the results of research carried out using the disk research method, mainly on the secondary analysis of literature, reports and the views expressed in them by outstanding specialists in the field of sociology and political science, who focused their research interests on outlining the network and imperial model of country integration European Union. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Polonica is the property of Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Lodzkiego and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Politica Polonica is the property of University of Szczecin Press / Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecinskiego and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Artykuł podejmuje problematykę transformacji Finlandii w drugiej połowie XX wieku, której efektem jest osiągnięcie pozycji jednego z globalnych liderów w dziedzinie nowych technologii i rozwoju gospodarki opartej na wiedzy przy jednoczesnym znacznym podniesieniu jakości życia obywateli. Celem artykułu jest omówienie kombinacji wewnętrznych czynników związanych z działaniami fińskich elit, które umożliwiły tę transformację. Wykorzystując liczne źródła historyczne i odwołując się do koncepcji systemów-światów Wallersteina, artykuł koncentruje się w szczególności na specyfice XIX-wiecznego procesu narodowotwórczego, znaczeniu edukacji i systemu oświaty, orientacji na przyszłość oraz dominującego w społeczeństwie postrzegania nauki i wiedzy, jako kluczowych czynnikach definiujących proces modernizacji.

Copyright of Rozwój Regionalny & Polityka Regionalna is the property of Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza (IH UAM) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Energy Policy Journal / Polityka Energetyczna is the property of Mineral & Energy Economy Research Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Comparative Economic Research is the property of Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Lodzkiego and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Studia Historiae Scientiarum is the property of Jagiellonian University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Societas / Communitas is the property of University of Warsaw and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Rocznik Komparatystyczny is the property of University of Szczecin Press / Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecinskiego and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Author-supplied Abstracts.)

Copyright of Przegląd Europejski is the property of University of Warsaw and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the article we analysed how the introduction and application of life imprisonment in the period of transformation has impacted the development of the penitentiary system to date. We answered how and why the legislature eliminated the death penalty from the catalogue of penalties in the Polish Penal Code of 1997, and replaced it with life imprisonment. We took into account the statistics on life sentences passed in Poland. We present the evolution of the prison system, which for a quarter of a century had to cope with this difcult category of prisoners by fnding new legal solutions and applying international standards. We also discussed some conclusions of the scholarly study ‘Te best of the worst and the still evil: Prisoners serving life sentences’, which has been conducted since 2014 by our research team. Te study focuses on the management and application of this extreme punishment in Poland, the adaptation of prisoners with life sentences to the isolation and social dimension of imprisonment.

Copyright of Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management & Innovation is the property of Wyzsza Szkola Biznesu-National Louis University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of View: Theories & Practices of Visual Culture / Widok: Teorie I Praktyki Kultury Wizuanlnej is the property of Widok. Fundacja Kultury Wizualnej and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The monthly Kultura published by Jerzy Giedroyc in Paris from 1947 had a significant, opinion-making influence on Polish intellectual and cultural life. In the 1990s, last decade of its history, Kultura opened its pages to reportage, a peculiar genre of reports blending first-hand reporting and reflection. This article examines those reportages in their role of multifaceted mirrors showing the individual at a time of the great transformation that began in 1989. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ethos (0860-8024) is the property of John Paul II Institute, Faculty of Philosophy, John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)