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The TBN (Total Base Number) parameter is generally recognized by both engine oil processors and engine manufacturers as a key factor of oil quality. This is especially true for lubricating oils used in diesel and gas engines, which are exposed to relatively high temperatures and, therefore, require more effective protection against degradation. The FTIR spectrometry method together with a multivariate statistical software helped to create a model for the determination of TBN of worn motor oil SAE 15W-40 ACEA: E5/E7, API: CI-4. The best results were provided using a model FTIR with Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression in an overall range of 4000–650 cm−1 without the use of mathematical adjustments of the scanned spectra by derivation. Individual spectral information was condensed into nine principal components with linear combinations of the original absorbances at given wavenumbers that are mutually not correlated. A correlation coefficient (R) between values of TBN predicted by the FTIR-PLS model and values determined using a potentiometric titration in line with the ČSN ISO 3771 standard reached a value of 0.93. The Root Mean Square Error of Calibration (RMSEC) was determined to be 0.171 mg KOH.g−1, and the Root Mean Square Error of Prediction (RMSEP) was determined to be 0.140 mg KOH.g−1. The main advantage of the proposed FTIR-PLS model can be seen in a rapid determination and elimination of the necessity to work with dangerous chemicals. FTIR-PLS is used mainly in areas of oil analysis where the speed of analysis is often more important than high accuracy., Parametr TBN (Total Base Number) je obecně uznáván zpracovateli motorového oleje i výrobci motorů jako klíčový faktor kvality oleje. To platí zejména pro mazací oleje používané v naftových a plynových motorech, které jsou vystaveny relativně vysokým teplotám, a proto vyžadují účinnější ochranu proti degradaci. Metoda FTIR spektrometrie spolu s vícerozměrným statistickým softwarem pomohla vytvořit model pro stanovení TBN opotřebovaného motorového oleje SAE 15W-40 ACEA: E5 / E7, API: CI-4. Nejlepší výsledky byly získány pomocí modelu FTIR s regresí částečných nejmenších čtverců (PLS) v celkovém rozsahu 4000–650 cm-1 bez použití matematických úprav snímaných spekter derivací. Jednotlivé spektrální informace byly zhuštěny do devíti hlavních komponent, což jsou lineární kombinace původních absorbancí při daných vlnových délkách a vzájemně nekorelují. Korelační koeficient (R) mezi hodnotami TBN predikovanými modelem FTIR-PLS a hodnotami stanovenými pomocí potenciometrické titrace v souladu s normou ČSN ISO 3771 dosáhl hodnoty 0,93. Střední kvadratická chyba kalibrace (RMSEC) byla stanovena 0,171 mg KOH.g-1, Střední kvadratická chyba predikce (RMSEP) byla stanovena 0,140 mg KOH.g-1. Hlavní výhodu navrhovaného modelu FTIR-PLS lze spatřit v rychlosti stanovení a v eliminaci práce s nebezpečnými chemikáliemi. FTIR-PLS se používá hlavně v oblastech analýzy oleje, kde je rychlost analýzy často důležitější než vysoká přesnost.

The TBN (Total Base Number) parameter is generally recognized by both engine oil processors and engine manufacturers as a key factor of oil quality. This is especially true for lubricating oils used in diesel and gas engines, which are exposed to relatively high temperatures and, therefore, require more effective protection against degradation. The FTIR spectrometry method together with a multivariate statistical software helped to create a model for the determination of TBN of worn motor oil SAE 15W-40 ACEA: E5/E7, API: CI-4. The best results were provided using a model FTIR with Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression in an overall range of 4000–650 cm1 without the use of mathematical adjustments of the scanned spectra by derivation. Individual spectral information was condensed into nine principal components with linear combinations of the original absorbances at given wavenumbers that are mutually not correlated. A correlation coefficient (R) between values of TBN predicted by the FTIR-PLS model and values determined using a potentiometric titration in line with the CSN ISO 3771 standard reached a value of 0.93. The Root Mean Square Error of Calibration (RMSEC) was determined to be 0.171 mg KOH.g1, and the Root Mean Square Error of Prediction (RMSEP) was determined to be 0.140 mg KOH.g1. The main advantage of the proposed FTIR-PLS model can be seen in a rapid determination and elimination of the necessity to work with dangerous chemicals. FTIR-PLS is used mainly in areas of oil analysis where the speed of analysis is often more important than high accuracy.

The TBN (Total Base Number) parameter is generally recognized by both engine oil processors and engine manufacturers as a key factor of oil quality. This is especially true for lubricating oils used in diesel and gas engines, which are exposed to relatively high temperatures and, therefore, require more effective protection against degradation. The FTIR spectrometry method together with a multivariate statistical software helped to create a model for the determination of TBN of worn motor oil SAE 15W-40 ACEA: E5/E7, API: CI-4. The best results were provided using a model FTIR with Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression in an overall range of 4000–650 cm1 without the use of mathematical adjustments of the scanned spectra by derivation. Individual spectral information was condensed into nine principal components with linear combinations of the original absorbances at given wavenumbers that are mutually not correlated. A correlation coefficient (R) between values of TBN predicted by the FTIR-PLS model and values determined using a potentiometric titration in line with the CSN ISO 3771 standard reached a value of 0.93. The Root Mean Square Error of Calibration (RMSEC) was determined to be 0.171 mg KOH.g1, and the Root Mean Square Error of Prediction (RMSEP) was determined to be 0.140 mg KOH.g1. The main advantage of the proposed FTIR-PLS model can be seen in a rapid determination and elimination of the necessity to work with dangerous chemicals. FTIR-PLS is used mainly in areas of oil analysis where the speed of analysis is often more important than high accuracy.

The TBN (Total Base Number) parameter is generally recognized by both engine oil processors and engine manufacturers as a key factor of oil quality. This is especially true for lubricating oils used in diesel and gas engines, which are exposed to relatively high temperatures and, therefore, require more effective protection against degradation. The FTIR spectrometry method together with a multivariate statistical software helped to create a model for the determination of TBN of worn motor oil SAE 15W-40 ACEA: E5/E7, API: CI-4. The best results were provided using a model FTIR with Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression in an overall range of 4000–650 cm1 without the use of mathematical adjustments of the scanned spectra by derivation. Individual spectral information was condensed into nine principal components with linear combinations of the original absorbances at given wavenumbers that are mutually not correlated. A correlation coefficient (R) between values of TBN predicted by the FTIR-PLS model and values determined using a potentiometric titration in line with the CSN ISO 3771 standard reached a value of 0.93. The Root Mean Square Error of Calibration (RMSEC) was determined to be 0.171 mg KOH.g1, and the Root Mean Square Error of Prediction (RMSEP) was determined to be 0.140 mg KOH.g1. The main advantage of the proposed FTIR-PLS model can be seen in a rapid determination and elimination of the necessity to work with dangerous chemicals. FTIR-PLS is used mainly in areas of oil analysis where the speed of analysis is often more important than high accuracy.

Rutinním testem za účelem monitorování kondice maziv je stanovení čísla celkové alkality (TBN) potenciometrickou neutralizační titrací. FTIR spektrometrie ve spojení s regresní metodou částečných nejmenších čtverců byla navržena jako alternativní způsob k standardnímu stanovení tohoto parametru u opotřebeného motorového oleje specifikace SAE 15W-40. Jako nejvhodnější se pro konstrukci FTIR-PLS algoritmu osvědčil spektrální region 4000-650 cm-1. Korelační koeficient mezi hodnotami predikovanými FTIR algoritmem a hodnotami TBN stanovenými potenciometrickou titrací podle normy ISO 3771 dosahoval hodnoty 0,92. Hlavní výhodu navrženého postupu lze spatřovat v absenci práce s kyselinami., Routine tests carried out to monitor the condition of the lubricant include the measurement of total base number (TBN) by the potentiometric titration. FTIR spectrometry has been proposed in combination with the regression method of partial least squares (PLS) as an alternative approach to a standardized determination of this parameter for the worn out engine oil SAE 15W-40. As the most suitable FTIR-PLS algorithm that uses the set of data across the spectral range 4000-650 cm-1. Correlation coefficient between the values predicted by the FTIR algorithm and TBN values determined by potentiometric titration according to ISO 3771 reached the value of 0.92. The main advantage of the proposed model can be seen in the rate of identification and elimination of work with acids.