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Several studies have tried to link the relationship of tissue necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) −308 G/A polymorphism with the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, these studies failed to reach a consensus due to conflicting results. This meta-analysis was done to thoroughly investigate the correlation between the polymorphism and DN development. To carry out the objective, patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were used as controls, while patients who developed DN were utilized as cases. Eight studies (i.e., published between 2007 and 2018) were included in the present meta-analysis. Review Manager 5.3 was used to compute for the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of the overall and post-outlier outcomes. Overall, an association between DN development and the −308 G/A polymorphism was observed. However, Galbraith's plot analysis (as analyzed using Meta-Essentials) led to the removal of two studies, which significantly reduced heterogeneity. Post-outlier outcomes show significant results in the allelic (OR: 1.23; 95% CI: 1.01–1.50; p = 0.04) and co-dominant (OR: 1.60; 95% CI: 1.02–2.51; p = 0.04) models. T2DM individuals with the −308 G/A polymorphism in the TNF-α gene are more likely to develop DN. • Eight studies were included to assess the association of the −308 G/A polymorphism with diabetic nephropathy development. • The −308 G/A polymorphism is associated with diabetic nephropathy development among individuals with type 2 diabetes. • People with type 2 diabetes having the A allele and AA genotype have an increased likelihood of developing nephropathy. • ABSTRACT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to determine the influence of TNF-alpha gene polymorphism at position -824 A > G on TNF-alpha gene expression in BLV-positive animals with aleukaemic (AL) and persistent lymphocytosis (PL) forms of enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL) and in BLV-negative cows. Polymorphism of the TNF-alpha gene at position -824 A > G had a complex influence on TNF-alpha gene expression in cows infected with BLV. In animals with various TNF-alpha genotypes, mRNA levels were stable and similar, but significant differences were noted in the percentages of PBMCs expressing membrane TNF-alpha (mTNF-alpha) protein (PBMCs that were positive for mTNF-alpha). In healthy cows, significant differences in TNF-alpha gene expression were not noted at any of the analysed levels. BLV infection and EBL progression resulted in differential TNF-alpha gene expression at both mRNA and protein levels, but the differences in the amount of the transcript and the percentages of mTNF-alpha+ cells exhibited a reverse trend. The lowest mRNA levels and the highest percentage of PBMCs expressing mTNF-alpha protein were determined in BLV-positive cows. These complex results regarding TNF-alpha gene expression in BLV-positive cows could be attributed to the presence of virus or viral protein/proteins modifying the expression of the TNF-alpha gene.

A panel of 96 DNA samples that reflects the breadth of genetic diversity in popular Russian cattle breeds has been designed. The panel of cattle DNA contains 11 dairy breeds and 6 beef and beef-dairy breeds. The numbers of animals in each breed group vary from 4 to 8. The main criterion for selection of individual animals within each breed is to maximize the total number of unshared haploid genomes according to pedigree data. The resulting panel is equivalent to USDA MARC Beef Cattle Diversity Panel version 2.1 in the power of SNP identification (number of unshared haploid genomes = 186,1, minimum allele frequency required for its detection with 95 % probability – 1,6 %). Analysis of three SNPs shows an insignificant difference between the allele frequencies in Galloway, Hereford, Grey Ukrainian, and Black Pied herds and those in the panel. Thus, the diversity panel may be useful for identification of genetic markers associated with economically important traits in cattle, evaluation of purebred and crossbred animals, and, probably, for tentative estimation of allele frequencies in commercial populations.

The objective of this study was to determine the influence of TNF-alpha gene polymorphism at position -824 A > G on TNF-alpha gene expression in BLV-positive animals with aleukaemic (AL) and persistent lymphocytosis (PL) forms of enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL) and in BLV-negative cows. Polymorphism of the TNFalpha gene at position -824 A > G had a complex influence on TNF-alpha gene expression in cows infected with BLV. In animals with various TNF-alpha genotypes, mRNA levels were stable and similar, but significant differences were noted in the percentages of PBMCs expressing membrane TNF-alpha (mTNF-alpha) protein (PBMCs that were positive for mTNF-alpha). In healthy cows, significant differences in TNF-alpha gene expression were not noted at any of the analysed levels. BLV infection and EBL progression resulted in differential TNF-alpha gene expression at both mRNA and protein levels, but the differences in the amount of the transcript and the percentages of mTNF-alpha+ cells exhibited a reverse trend. The lowest mRNA levels and the highest percentage of PBMCs expressing mTNF-alpha protein were determined in BLV-positive cows. These complex results regarding TNF-alpha gene expression in BLV-positive cows could be attributed to the presence of virus or viral protein/ proteins modifying the expression of the TNF-alpha gene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A panel of 96 DNA samples (Russian Cattle Genomic Diversity Panel 1.0 or RCGDP 1.0) characterizing the breadth of genetic diversity in popular Russian cattle breeds was designed. The panel contains from four to eight animals from each of 11 dairy and six dairy-meat and meat breeds. The main criterion for inclusion of individual animals in the panel was that they had, according to the pedigree data, the greatest number of unrelated haploid genomes. The resulting panel of 96 animals was estimated to contain 186.1 unshared haploid genomes and was expected to allow a 95% probability of detecting alleles with a frequency greater than 0.016 in the group. This is comparable to the USDA MARC Beef Cattle Diversity Panel version 2.1. Analysis of three SNPs in the Galloway, Hereford, Grey Ukrainian and Black Pied breeds showed no significant differences in the allele frequencies between the animals in the panel and in the herds. Thus, the designed DNA panel may be useful for SNP selection in the genetic analysis of economically important traits, for identification of purebred and hybrid animals, and, probably, for tentative estimation of allele frequencies in the populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aims: Several studies have tried to link the relationship of tissue necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) -308 G/A polymorphism with the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, these studies failed to reach a consensus due to conflicting results. This meta-analysis was done to thoroughly investigate the correlation between the polymorphism and DN development., Methods: To carry out the objective, patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were used as controls, while patients who developed DN were utilized as cases. Eight studies (i.e., published between 2007 and 2018) were included in the present meta-analysis. Review Manager 5.3 was used to compute for the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of the overall and post-outlier outcomes., Results: Overall, an association between DN development and the -308 G/A polymorphism was observed. However, Galbraith's plot analysis (as analyzed using Meta-Essentials) led to the removal of two studies, which significantly reduced heterogeneity. Post-outlier outcomes show significant results in the allelic (OR: 1.23; 95% CI: 1.01-1.50; p = 0.04) and co-dominant (OR: 1.60; 95% CI: 1.02-2.51; p = 0.04) models., Conclusion: T2DM individuals with the -308 G/A polymorphism in the TNF-α gene are more likely to develop DN., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2020 Diabetes India. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Scope: To examine whether the consumption of a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), compared with a low-fat diet, interacts with two single nucleotide polymorphisms at the tumor necrosis factor alpha gene (rs1800629, rs1799964) in order to improve triglycerides (TG), glycemic control, and inflammation markers., Methods and Results: Genotyping, biochemical measurements, dietary intervention, and oral fat load test meal were determined in 507 metabolic syndrome (MetS) patients selected from all the subjects included in CORDIOPREV clinical trial (n = 1002). At baseline, G/G subjects (n = 408) at the rs1800629 polymorphism, showed higher fasting and postprandial TG (p = 0.003 and p = 0.025, respectively), and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) (p = 0.003) plasma concentrations than carriers of the minor A-allele (G/A + A/A) (n = 99). After 12 months of MedDiet, baseline differences between genotypes disappeared. The decrease in TG and hsCRP was statistically significant in G/G subjects (n = 203) compared with carriers of the minor A-allele (p = 0.005 and p = 0.034, respectively) (n = 48). No other gene-diet interactions were observed in either diet., Conclusion: These results suggest that the rs1800629 at the tumor necrosis factor alpha gene interacts with MedDiet to influence TG metabolism and inflammation status in MetS subjects. Understanding the role of gene-diet interactions may be the best strategy for personalized treatment of MetS., (© 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)