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We link the theory of gender performance to the perspective on the social meaning of money and relational work. Using longitudinal Panel Study of Income Dynamics data on young adult women and men, ages 18 through 24 in the US, we examine survey responses to different money-related situations. We question the expected gender-typical meanings of money, offering a more contextual understanding. Specifically, we find that when asked about the present, young women express that they worry more frequently about money than men do. However, when asked about the future–likelihood of having difficulty with financially supporting one’s family and likelihood of having a job that pays well–we find no significant gender differences. Instead, we find expressions of optimism rather than worry by young women and men alike. These results hold when controlling for psychological dispositions, financial obligations, and demographics. Overall, we note the importance of contextually situating ‘gender effects’ in relation to money matters, and call for more sociological research that places gender performance centrally into the analyses of economy and examines gendered relational work across different time orientations.

The object of the article are chrononyms in “Prince Jeremija Vishnevetski” by I. Nechuj-Levitski. There are artistic functions of the chrononyms analyzed in the novel as well as the peculiarities of their usage, stylistic connotations, expression potency and variability. The usage of the chrononyms first of all depends on the contents and the theme of fiction and on the author’s idea that leads to certain functioning of the chrononyms and its organization peculiarities at the poetry. The usage of each chrononym is well thought out by the author, and every of them illustrates a wide range of imaginative transformations as well as a close interaction with others lingual and extralingual factors. The result of the study establishes that the frequency dynamics, paradigm and scope amplitude depends on lingual and extralingual factors. The figurative potential of each of the chrononym used by the author was described in this article, figurative transformations and symbolism being the most frequent. There were determined the dynamics and amplitude of the chrononyms paradigm preferences in I. Nechuj-Levitski’s every collection and his creative activity on the whole. The main findings of the research consist in determining the functions of the chrononyms as text-forming, characterizing, space and time showing and expressive, which facilitate revealing the general idea and the author’s concept of the text., Статья посвящена изучению роли хрононимов в жанре исторической прозы. Материалом послужил роман И. С. Нечуя-Левицкого «Князь Иеремия Вишневецкий». Предметом анализа является функциональная нагрузка, особенности функционирования, стилистические коннотации, экспрессивный, образный потенциал, вариативность хрононимов. Употребление тех или иных лексем зависит от тематики произведения, авторского замысла, что и обусловливает функционирование определенных хрононимов, организацию особенностей данного лексического пласта. Использование каждого хрононима четко продумано автором, каждый из них иллюстрирует широкий спектр образных трансформаций, а также тесное взаимодействие с иным лингвистическими и экстралингвистическими факторами. Результаты семантического и стилистического анализа хрононимов свидетельствует о наличии значительного коннотативного потенциала с активированным стилистическим, экспрессивным компонентом практически у каждого из хрононимов, что максимально углубляет его узуальное значение. Установлен диапазон, насыщенность и перспективы образных трансформаций, зависимость компонентов хрононимической парадигмы не только от лингвоментальных стратегий автора, но и от экстралингвистических факторов. Основные выводы состоят в том, что хрононимы выполняют текстообразующую, характеризующую, хронотопическую, экспрессивную, выразительную функции, способствуют раскрытию подтекста и авторской концепции., Метою статті є визначення ролі хрононімів у жанрі історичної прози. Матеріалом дослідження послужив роман І.С.Нечуя-Левицького «Князь Єремія Вишневецький». Предметом аналізу є функційне навантаження, особливості вживання, стилістичні конотації, експресивний, образний потенціал, варіативність хрононімів. Уживання тих чи інших лексем залежить від тематики твору, авторського задуму, що й зумовлює особливості функціонування певних хрононімів, організацію цього лексичного пласту у контексті художнього твору. Використання кожного хрононіму є чітко продуманим, кожен з них ілюструє широкий спектр експресивних і образних трансформацій, а також тісну взаємодію з іншими лінгвістичними та екстралінгвістичними факторами. Результати семантичного і стилістичного аналізу хрононімів свідчать про наявність значного конотативного потенціалу з активованим стилістичним, експресивним компонентом практично у кожного з хрононімів, що максимально поглиблює його узуальне значення. Встановлено діапазон, насиченість і перспективи образних трансформацій, залежність компонентів хрононімічної парадигми не лише від лінгвоментальних стратегій автора, а й від екстралінгвістичних факторів. Основний висновок полягає в тому, що хрононіми виконують текстоутворюючу, характеристичну, хронотопічну, експресивну, виразову функції, сприяють розкриттю підтексту й авторської концепції.

The present study investigates the role of attentional style as a moderator variable between temporal perspective and social network addiction, since little is known about users’ cognitive variables involved in this kind of addictive behavior. To achieve this goal, a sample of 186 volunteers and anonymous social networking sites users (M = 34%; F = 66%; Mage = 22.54 years; SD = 3.94; range: 18 ÷ 45 years) participated in a cross-sectional study. All participants filled out self-report instruments measuring temporal perspective, internal vs. external attentional style, and social network addiction. The results align with the previous literature and show that present fatalistic and past negative time orientations are associated with social network addiction, whereas the future is a negative precursor. Moreover, a four-step hierarchical regression analysis showed that internal attentional style is a significant moderator of the relationship between high levels of temporal perspective and a high level of social network addiction. This result suggests that social network-addicted users are oriented toward internal stimuli such as their intrusive thoughts or feelings and that social network addiction is similar to obsessive compulsive disorders, depression, or anxiety. Despite its limitations, the present study could contribute to the efforts of clinicians, psychiatrists, psychologists, teachers, and all those who seek to combat social network addiction in developing treatment programs to reduce its harmful effects.

Le profonde trasformazioni delle nostre societ� mettono oggi in evidenza fenomeni educativi nuovi. Apprendimenti informali prendono forma spontaneamente all?interno dei percorsi esistenziali del soggetto e nel suo ambiente di vita. Molti studi dimostrano che l?educazione informale, pi� di quella formale, pu� influire sugli atteggiamenti e gli stili di vita in modo profondo e duraturo, pu� educare grandi masse di persone, soprattutto le pi� difficili da raggiungere, a impegnarsi per costruire una comunit� planetaria sostenibile. Questa ricerca analizza il fenomeno dei Gruppi di Acquisto Solidale come esperienze educative informali importanti per la promozione di un futuro sostenibile. Vengono analizzate le concezioni della sostenibilit�, l?orientamento temporale al futuro e le dinamiche educative informali caratteristiche di alcuni GAS italiani. La prima parte del lavoro mette a fuoco la complessit� della nozione di sostenibilit� e alcune dimensioni chiave della educazione sostenibile. Le categorie concettuali individuate sono state utilizzate nel lavoro sul campo per raccogliere, analizzare e interpretare il materiale empirico. Nella seconda parte del lavoro vengono presentati i criteri, la metodologia gli strumenti, le attivit� (questionari, interviste individuali semi-strutturate, osservazione partecipante, analisi di documenti) utilizzati nella ricerca sul campo. Nella terza parte viene presentata la ricerca sul campo, svolta su un campione di 148 soggetti appartenenti a quattro GAS. Il primo e il secondo capitolo espongono la struttura del campione, le caratteristiche e le modalit� di somministrazione, l?elaborazione, l?analisi e la discussione dei risultati dei due questionari utilizzati: l?Inventario della Prospettiva Temporale di Zimbardo e Boyd (ZTPI) e il questionario aperto sulle concezioni della sostenibilit� (elaborato specificamente per questa ricerca). Il terzo presenta il cuore della ricerca sul campo. Attraverso l?analisi dei documenti, l?osservazione partecipante e le interviste semi-strutturate realizzate con alcuni testimoni privilegiati, vengono individuati e analizzati le concezioni della sostenibilit�, l?orientamento temporale al futuro e le dinamiche educative presenti nei quattro contesti sociali oggetto di studio. Nel capitolo finale vengono discusse alcune criticit� emerse dal lavoro sul campo e ipotizzate alcune piste per il proseguimento della ricerca in futuro.

Despite its importance to temporal issues, research into the temporal impacts of information technology in organizations is still limited. On the other hand, organizational culture research shows that the way time is perceived and collectively organized reflects assumptions that are an expression of the specific organizational setting, underscoring that cultural assumptions are an important contributory factor to the strength and direction of organizational change. In this contribution, we have investigated the role ICT can play in promoting changes in the temporal dimension of organizational culture, and sought to assess whether temporal assumptions can affect the way a new system is used, thus facilitating/hindering the achievement of the expected results. Our case study covered the four types of ‘temporal performance’ management expected to see thanks to the introduction of a workflow system and showed that, after its introduction, the temporal dimensions of the organizational culture of the departments involved showed some significant changes, which confirm hypothesis 1 of the study, but also some contradictory effects that seem to confirm hypothesis 2.