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The third-degree burns pose a severe public health issue. They often require autologous skin grafting, which faces limitations such as donor scarcity, resulting in graft failures and delayed wound closure. Secretomes derived from hypoxia-preconditioned mesenchymal stem cells (SH-MSCs) enriched with antiinflammatory cytokines and growth factors are explored as an alternative therapy. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of SH-MSCs in accelerating wound healing for thirddegree burns. Rat umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were isolated, characterized, and subjected to hypoxic preconditioning to produce SH-MSCs. The secretome was obtained from SH-MSCs using tangential flow filtration. In a third-degree burn rat model, reduced levels of inflammatory markers, including IL-1ß and p65, reduced burn wound size, and enhanced tissue regeneration were found after SH-MSCs treatment compared to control groups. Histopathological examination further supports the efficacy of SH-MSCs in minimizing inflammatory cells. Overall, this study demonstrates the potential of SH-MSCs in accelerating wound healing in the third-degree burns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim: Burn injuries are usually defined as skin lesions caused by heat, temperature, electricity, chemicals, and radiation. Burn mortality is high in low income countries. The Typha is considered as a traditional medicine for a wound healing in Iran. This study aimed to investigate the molecular effects of aquatic and alcoholic extracts of Thyfa pollen on wound healing in Full -thickness (Third-degree burns) burns in rats. Material and Methods. The burn was induced by boiling water at 100° and a metallic ring in Sprague Dawley rats and then 5% ointment is prepared from aquatic and alcoholic extracts of Thyfa pollen. The extracts were applied to the damaged areas for 21 days after burn induction. Then, the expression of the mRNA of the TNF-α, TGFβ, Col-1, and VEGF genes were assessed by Real time-PCR technique. Results: Aquatic and alcoholic extracts of Thyfa pollen were identified to mainly contain Vitamin C and Catechin using HPLC method. Macroscopic studies and wound size analysis showed a reduction in wound size after 21 days (P

Objective: This retrospective study compared the effectiveness of dispersed implantation of very small autologous columnar skin (SCS) grafts and full-thickness skin grafts (FTSGs) for treating upper eyelid third-degree burns.Methods: Fourteen patients and 26 eyes with granulation tissue formed by third-degree upper eyelid burns were enrolled in the study from August 2017 to June 2020. The experimental group of 6 patients with 11 eyes was treated with SCS grafts. The control group of 8 patients with 15 eyes was treated with FTSGs. The survival rate of the grafts, healing time, SCS diameter, upper eyelid movement distance (ULMD), visual analogue scale (VAS) score for patient satisfaction, and Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) score were evaluated.Results: The difference in the survival rate between the two groups was not statistically significant (P = 0.06). The ULMD and VAS scores in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The healing time was longer in the experimental group than in the control group (P < 0.05). The VSS scores of the donor site and the skin grafting site in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05).Conclusion: Unlike classical skin grafts, SCS implantation surgery can restore the appearance of the upper eyelid, and there is no obvious scar at the donor site. This can be a viable alternative to traditional FTSGs with potential benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On‐site, prehospital care is vital for minimizing the severity of injuries caused by acute burns, especially those of the second and third degrees. Burn wounds typically have irregular shapes and depths and cover a large total body area. Due to the severity and complexity of burn wounds, traditional sheet‐like wound dressings are not always suitable. Alternatively, sprayable wound dressings can be used for convenient, quick, and large‐scale dressing changes. They can also prevent infection and secondary trauma depending on their reagent content. Sprayable wound dressings function as a therapeutic barrier that provides moisturization and pain relief, absorbs extrudates, protects against bacterial infections, and acts as a delivery system for small molecules and drugs. This review discusses the recent developments in sprayable hydrogel‐based wound dressings for high‐degree burns. An introduction to burn wound classifications, the ideal burn dressing designs and characteristics, and the current availability of commercial spray‐on burn dressings are presented. To achieve the optimal healing capacities using sprayable wound dressings, researchers are currently focusing on modifying the solution viscosities, propellant systems, and pump nozzle designs for spray formulations. Finally, the use of hydrogel‐based dressings to replace skin graft surgeries for tissue regeneration is discussed.

Objective: In this study, hot milk burns observed in paediatric patients were examined, and the results were compared with those obtained from other types of scalding burns. Method: A 10-year retrospective study was conducted with paediatric patients hospitalised for hot milk burns at the Gazi Yaşargil Training and Research Hospital Burn Center, Turkey. Results: Of the 87 patients included in the study, 49 (56.3%) were male and 38 (43.7%) were female, with a male/female ratio of 1.29:1. Patients were aged two months to 18 years, with a mean age of 3.62±2.82 years. The highest rate of burn injury was observed in patients aged 0–4 years (n=67, 77.0%). The upper (n=56, 64.4%) and lower extremities (n=75, 86.2%) were the most frequently affected areas. Of the total number of patients examined, 25 (28.7%) exhibited second-degree burns, while 62 (71.3%) exhibited third-degree major burns. The mean hospitalisation time was 6.28±5.04 days. None of the patients died or underwent amputation. Conclusion: Scalding is the most common cause of burns in the paediatric population in Turkey. Hot milk burns attract attention due to their higher infection rates and length of hospital stay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent studies have demonstrated the efficacy of coherent light therapy from the red region of the electromagnetic spectrum on the tissue-healing process. This study analysed the effect of non-coherent light therapy (light-emitting diode-LED) with or without silver sulfadiazine (sulpha) on the healing process of third-degree burns. In this study, 72 rats with third-degree burns were randomly divided into six groups (n = 12): Gr1 (control), Gr2 (non-contact LED), Gr3 (contact LED), Gr4 (sulfadiazine), Gr5 (sulfadiazine + non-contact LED) and Gr6 (sulfadiazine + contact LED). The groups treated with LED therapy received treatment every 48 h (λ = 640 ± 20 nm, 110 mW, 16 J/cm; 41 s with contact and 680 s without contact). The digital photometric and histomorphometric analyses were conducted after the burn occurred. The combination of sulpha and LED (contact or non-contact) improved the healing of burn wounds. These results demonstrate that the combination of silver sulfadiazine with LED therapy (λ = 640 ± 20 nm, 4 J/cm, without contact) improves healing of third-degree burn wounds, significantly reduces the lesion area and increases the granulation tissue, increases the number of fibroblasts, promotes collagen synthesis and prevents burn infections by accelerating recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Skin repair is an important field of the tissue engineering, especially in the case of extended third-degree burns, where the current treatments are still insufficient in promoting satisfying skin regeneration. Bio-inspired bi-layered physical hydrogels only constituted of chitosan and water were processed and applied to the treatment of full-thickness burn injuries. The aim of the study was at assessing whether this material was totally accepted by the host organism and allowed in vivo skin reconstruction of limited area third-degree burns. A first layer constituted of a rigid protective gel ensured good mechanical properties and gas exchanges. A second soft and flexible layer allowed the material to follow the geometry of the wound and ensured a good superficial contact. To compare, highly viscous solutions of chitosan were also considered. Veterinary experiments were performed on pig''s skins and biopsies at days 9, 17, 22, 100 and 293, were analysed by histology and immuno-histochemistry. Only one chitosan material was used for each time. All the results showed that chitosan materials were well tolerated and promoted a good tissue regeneration. They induced inflammatory cells migration and angiogenetic activity favouring a high vascularisation of the neo-tissue. At day 22, type I and IV collagens were synthesised under the granulation tissue and the formation of the dermal–epidermal junction was observed. After 100 days, the new tissue was quite similar to a native skin, especially by its aesthetic aspect and its great flexibility. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

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Full-thickness skin wounds, associated with deep burns or chronic wounds pose a major clinical problem. Herein, the development of in situ forming hydrogel using a natural silk fibroin (SF) biomaterial for treating burn wounds is reported. Blends of SF solutions isolated from Bombyx mori and Antheraea assama show inherent self-assembly between silk proteins and lead to irreversible gelation at body temperature. Investigation of the gelation mechanism reveals crosslinking due to formation of β-sheet structures as examined by X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The SF hydrogel supports proliferation of primary human dermal fibroblasts and migration of keratinocytes comparable to collagen gel (Col) as examined under in vitro conditions. The SF hydrogel also provides an instructive and supportive matrix to the full-thickness third-degree burn wounds in vivo. A 3-week comparative study with Col indicates that SF hydrogel not only promotes wound healing but also shows transitions from inflammation to proliferation stage as observed through the expression of TNF-α and CD163 genes. Further, deposition and remodeling of collagen type I and III fibers suggests an enhanced overall tissue regeneration. Comparable results with Col demonstrate the SF hydrogel as an effective and inexpensive formulation toward a potential therapeutic approach for burn wound treatment., (© 2018 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)