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Tourism is an emotional sphere, and researchers focus on emotions to optimize tourism experiences. Tourism studies on emotions mostly ignore differences in emotions across demographic tourist groups by gender and age, thus limiting the understanding of emotions to the explicit characteristics of tourists' emotions. On the basis of geotagged facial expressions on social media platforms, this study aims to visualize the emotions of groups in scenic spots and then reveal the variations between groups' emotions within theme parks. By employing a facial recognition algorithm, an emotion distribution graph was proposed to represent groups' emotions in detail. Some analytical methods were combined to characterize of the emotion distribution of each group. Through a comprehensive comparison, the results suggest that there are unique characteristics of emotion distribution for each group and considerable variations between them. This study helps researchers achieve a deeper understanding of tourists' emotional differences and enhances the theorization of emotions. This research also highlights the advantages and significant practical implications of our method framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Tourism is an emotional sphere, and researchers focus on emotions to optimize tourism experiences. Tourism studies on emotions mostly ignore differences in emotions across demographic tourist groups by gender and age, thus limiting the understanding of emotions to the explicit characteristics of tourists’ emotions. On the basis of geotagged facial expressions on social media platforms, this study aims to visualize the emotions of groups in scenic spots and then reveal the variations between groups’ emotions within theme parks. By employing a facial recognition algorithm, an emotion distribution graph was proposed to represent groups’ emotions in detail. Some analytical methods were combined to characterize of the emotion distribution of each group. Through a comprehensive comparison, the results suggest that there are unique characteristics of emotion distribution for each group and considerable variations between them. This study helps researchers achieve a deeper understanding of tourists’ emotional differences and enhances the theorization of emotions. This research also highlights the advantages and significant practical implications of our method framework.

Copyright of Tourism Tribune / Lvyou Xuekan is the property of Tourism Institute of Beijing Union University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Understanding the relationship between theme park ride experiences and visitor loyalty is crucial yet still not fully elucidated, particularly regarding differences between first-time and repeat visitors. Drawing upon the experience economy framework and the theory of experienced utility, this study explores how various aspects of theme park ride experience (education, aesthetics, entertainment, and escapism) influence visitor loyalty (revisit and recommendation intentions), considering the moderating effect of past experience. Structural equation modeling and invariance tests were conducted on data collected from 412 theme park visitors in China. Results indicate that the four dimensions of theme park ride experience have varying impacts on patrons’ revisit and recommendation intentions. Additionally, first-time visitors’ intentions are more influenced by active participation experiences compared to repeat visitors. This study advances the theoretical knowledge of theme park ride experience and offers practical implications for park management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Travel & Hospitality Management / Seyahat ve Otel İşletmeciliği Dergisi is the property of SIMEDYA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

After presenting the historical and tourism context of Sabah in Malaysia, this paper analyses the staging of ethnicity for tourists within Sabah Village. Depending on the socio-cultural profile of the tourists, the visit can be perceived as: a reinforcement of nationalist sentiment, a reinforcement of a sense of superiority and difference between 'us' and 'them', or as a visit that fosters a quest for exoticism and primitivism. These different types of visits are linked by the playfulness of the activities offered.

Online texts and images have become an important data source for investigating tourism emotion. However, tourism emotion extracted from online data cannot reflect the emotions in the real world. Few scholarly attempts have focused on the complex biases in tourism emotion based on online data. By comparing online and offline emotion, this study quantified biases in tourism emotion and explored patterns among biases. Facial expressions and texts within Disney Resort were collected. Based on facial expression recognition and text mining, several indices were proposed to measure tourism emotion and biases. Our results reveal that tourists tend to share stronger happiness, increased anger in commerce areas and exaggerated disgust in waiting areas. In addition, males show "surprise-suppress"; while females show "surprise-exaggeration" in recreation areas. Our research can help scholars reexamine previous conclusions based on online tourism emotion and provides a theoretical basis for improving the quality of online tourism emotion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lembang is one tourist destination that has developed tourism attractions and activities, in which one of which is a Theme Park. Theme Park is a recreation area that has unique features that can characterize a place using a carried concept. This attraction could turn to be the main motivation for tourists’ visits and it tends to invite tourists of large numbers. Thus, the presence of mass tourism has caused some impact on residents who live in the proximity areas where they run their lives and livelihoods. The presence of a theme park has both positive and negative implications for the surrounding population. This study aims to analyze local residents’ attitudes toward Theme Park by using a qualitative and quantitative approach analysis based on both primary and secondary data. An understanding of the impacts of Theme Park's existence on settlement areas and their inhabitants may be a cornerstone of a sustainable Lembang tourism development strategy so that tourism is not only seen positively by entrepreneurs but also brings significant benefits to residents who live nearby. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Theme parks have attracted extensive scholarly attention within and outside the tourism literature. These parks have been studied from various stances, yet a uniform definition and integrated framework remain lacking for theme park research and practice. Based on a comprehensive review and research synthesis, this article defines a theme park as a dedicated space featuring five main characteristics: thematic identity, closed space with controlled access, hybrid consumption, performative labor, and merchandising. This article further considers multidisciplinary lenses in theme park studies, particularly in terms of how these five characteristics can be assessed. A research framework covering four domains (industry, tourists/visitors, environment, and impacts) is accordingly proposed to inspire theoretical advances, identify research gaps, promote relevant research, and facilitate managerial practices. This article encourages scholars to move beyond current empirical confines and shape the interdisciplinary future of theme park tourism research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aimed to explore customer value-driven factors and evaluated competitive positioning to formulate the sustainable business strategy for theme parks in Taiwan. We employed Borda count to obtained the customer value-driven factors. This paper further developed a hybrid quantified SWOT analysis to identify the competitive positioning for the four major theme parks in Taiwan, The findings in this paper were: (1) There are nine customer value-driven factors attributed into the three dimensions of park characteristics, service characteristics, and exogenous characteristics, which are significant important for theme park sustainable survive; (2) Lihpao Resort is located in the first (SO) quadrant with its internal strengths and external opportunities simultaneously but it has less external opportunities; (3) Formosan Aboriginal Culture Village is located in the third (WT) quadrant with its internal weakness and external threats, which has the worst performance compared with other theme parks in this paper; (4) Leafoo Village Theme Park is located in the first (SO) quadrant with its internal strengths and external opportunities, which has less internal strengths compared with Lihpao Resort; and (5) Janfusun Fancy World is located in the fourth (TS) quadrant with its the external threats and internal strengths. Conclusions and suggestions are also discussed. Plain Language Summary: Label the Competitive positioning for Theme Parks In a time where consumers are increasingly informed, adopting a customer-focused marketing approach is crucial for long-term business success. This means that effective marketing strategies can not only benefit customers but also enhance the competitiveness of the theme park industry. This paper presents a methodology to discover customer value-driven factors and assess the competitive position of theme parks. It highlights areas for improvement in each park, serving as a valuable guide for operators aiming to strengthen their competitive edge. However, it's important to note a limitation of this study, which arises from collecting data during a specific period in Taiwan, namely, the summer vacation. This restricts the generalizability of the findings. To enhance external validity, future studies should consider gathering a more diverse sample from various time periods. Additionally, exploring whether there are cultural differences in customer value-driven factors and competitive positioning through replication of this study presents an intriguing avenue for further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the increase in carbon emissions in the tourism industry, more tourism enterprises need to make sustained investments in clean energy and green technologies. From the perspective of theme park revenue and operational management, such investments mainly come from admission fees and in-park consumption. The objective of this study is to discuss the role of discriminatory pricing strategies in supporting sustainable tourism in theme parks. Based on transaction utility theory and equity theory, visitors' price fairness perception and service value perception are incorporated into the visitor utility function. On this basis, a goal-programming-based discriminatory pricing model with three goals is proposed: achieving the established revenue target, achieving distributed justice between visitors with unequal status (advantaged visitors and disadvantaged visitors), and achieving distributed justice between visitors and theme parks. The research results show that, for one thing, the proposed discriminatory pricing model can enable theme parks to secure sufficient funds to invest in low-carbon activities (Goal 1) while for another, visitors' satisfaction, brand loyalty, and willingness to revisit and sustainably consume in theme parks are improved by the realization of distributed justice through the discriminatory pricing strategy (Goals 2 and 3). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the era of information overload and repetitive reviews, there has been limited exploration into the influence of consumers' cultural adaptation to creative symbols in theme parks on the usefulness of online reviews, which is significant for enhancing tourism experiences, targeted marketing, personalized services, and informed tourism choices. This study aims to bridge this gap by examining how cultural adaptation factors interact and impact the review usefulness, and by considering the role of cultural adaptation in simplifying information during consumer decision-making processes. Additionally, the study investigates how consumers' decision reference points, represented by advanced ticket levels, moderate their attention to attribute consistency when evaluating the review usefulness. A sample of 5929 valid consumer reviews of Disney theme parks from 2019 to 2022 on Meituan.com is analyzed using latent semantic analysis and Tobit regression to test the proposed hypotheses. We find that high symbolic creativity reviews stimulate cultural adaptation and increase attention to service attributes when evaluating review usefulness. Moreover, advanced ticket levels do not moderate the usefulness of extremely negative reviews. However, they do have a moderating effect on the usefulness of extremely positive reviews, with the direction of moderation differing based on the levels of symbolic creativity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the negative effects of COVID health and safety protocols implemented by theme parks in the context of the 'new normal' (summer 2021) on the number of visitors the park has received and their (dis)satisfaction levels. The study uses actual content analysis from 1,142 online reviews from two different time periods (before and after the COVID-19 pandemic), obtained from TripAdvisor, for a cross-country analysis. Results from analysis of variance and linear regression models show that dissatisfaction has rocketed since the pre-COVID era. Reasons for this dissatisfaction differ among parks, indicating that there may be different ways in which tourist agents can deal with these COVID protocols, ways that may be more or less successful in terms of improving consumer satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This urbanization throughout the early decades of the twentieth century was overwhelming even at the expense of the green areas of cities and rural areas. The provision of housing, employment and services to the growing population was a priority on the theme of "entertainment". Thus, for the last three decades, the city's public parks and green areas have become increasingly popular in response to urban overcrowding and high urban densities, which resulted in environmental problems and visual pollution. The results of the urban tyranny against the green spaces in cities began to emerge; the city planners and decision-makers discovered that residents need gardens and parks no less than their needs for housing, work or services. The city, without a network of interconnected and gradual parks and public green areas, suffers from great environmental problems that put in danger its sustainability and the health of its citizens. In this dissertation, the character and the significance of public parks and green areas in the city shall be scrutinized. This will encompass the definition of history and roles of public parks at the city level; besides, what motivates the visitors to come and what they would be their needs in parks. Later, in the chapter 2, the factors that influence the design of public parks will examined; such as nature, social and physical factors and neighborhood data, and the choice of the park's design systems will be conferred. Moreover, in the chapter 3, the design components of public park shall be enumerated; the physical, the aesthetic components and principles of parks' design. Then, the design standards of public parks shall be appraised with their quantitative and qualitative aspects, this would include: the functions and services provided inside parks, the circulation system and paths as well as the plazas, the vegetation and water bodies and finally design criteria of the urban furniture inside the park. In the chapter 4, case studies from previous experiences shall be explored. The case studies examples concern two parks at the city center of Istanbul and Aleppo, they are Maçka Park in Istanbul/Turkey and The Public Park in Aleppo/Syria. Finally, the conclusion shall contain development remakes and results of the research and shall determine the future orientations of the research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this research was to identify the sub-dimensions of servicescape and investigate the structural relationship among servicescape, Instagramability, brand attitude, and intention to revisit. For data collection, Amazon Mechanical Turk was employed. The number of valid observations for data analysis was 422. A structural equation model was the main instrument used to test the research hypotheses. It was revealed that servicescape positively affects Instagramability and brand attitude. The results also revealed that servicescape exerts a positive impact on intention to revisit. Additionally, the results showed that brand attitude is positively associated with Instagramability. Last, it was found that intention to revisit is positively influenced by Instagramability. This study sheds light on the literature by exhibiting the structural relationship among servicescape, Instagramability, brand attitude, and intention to revisit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As an important part of Chinese excellent traditional culture, Jingchu culture has profound historical and cultural value. The exploration and application of Jingchu culture elements is conducive to carrying forward and inheriting history and culture and enriching urban cultural deposits. Theme park is an important place to spread and promote Jingchu culture. It is of far-reaching significance to study and explore the integration of Jingchu culture elements into the construction of theme park. This paper analyzes the concept and connotation of Jingchu culture, combs and analyzes the extraction content of Jingchu culture elements, and summarizes the expression pathways of Jingchu culture elements in theme park and the practical application in Jingzhou Fantawild, in order to provide certain inspiration and reference for contemporary landscape designers to better inherit and develop Jingchu culture elements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Throughout history, the development of entertainment spaces has been intertwined with, and at times even ahead of, changes in the domain of industrial development and modern technologies as well as in the domain of society, urban culture and leisure behavior patterns, driven by both their organizational and aesthetic characteristics. This paper explores key examples of amusement parks that serve as links in the chain of influence and innovation, resulting in the Disney theme parks during the second half of the previous century as a global phenomenon. The focus of the paper is on the presentation and analysis of the amusement park projects in Belgrade designed by architects Aleksandar Đokić and Slobodan Ilić. Those park projects were developed and built during the 1970s and were persistently referred to as "Belgrade's Disneyland" throughout the planning and construction stages. The aim of the paper is to contextualize the Belgrade project within the broader framework of the cultural and historical development of similar projects worldwide. The results of the paper indicate that Disney's theme parks played an active role in promoting consumer culture throughout the last century. In Belgrade, however, the construction following a similar model faced social resistance and a series of difficulties during its implementation, which could be interpreted as an example of spontaneous (and short-term) defense of national cultural identity.

China has been experiencing a boom in newly constructed ancient towns (NCAT). Under the influence of recent central policies, requiring heritage activation and cultural revitalisation, NCATs that were viewed as theme parks providing entertaining experiences have become a new type of heritage site. With a case study of Gubei Water Town, it is shown that under the name of revitalising traditional culture, 'heritage' is created following the decisions of the tourism developer based on tourist preference. We suggest that themed environments may aggravate the exclusion of local communities and reduce the possibility for bottom-up negotiations in the process of heritage interpretation. Also, the convergence of NCATs and ancient towns may speed up the decline in cultural diversity in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study extends the stimulus-organism-response framework of Mehrabian and Russel on the theme park environment. Visitor's overall experience and experience intensification were assessed as stimuli that influenced their memory and nostalgia (organism) and behavioural intention (response). Samples have been collected from India's 360 theme park visitors and finding confirmed that the visitor's overall experience has positively influenced experience intensification and experience intensification has a positive effect on memory and nostalgia, and both influences behavioural intention. The study also explored the mediating effect of experience intensification, nostalgia, and memory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Geography & Geographic Information Science is the property of Geography & Geo-Information Science Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Globally, one of the most significant trends in theme park development over the past decade has been the increasing focus on intellectual properties as sources of theming. While theme parks in China have also participated in this trend, cultural history in general and Chinese cultural history and heritage in particular have continued to be popular sources of theming. Chinese theme parks, whether public or private enterprises, have thus contributed to the state-led 'heritage turn' in China, which from the 1980s onwards has used cultural history and heritage to foster cultural nationalism. The articles gathered here examine the specific motifs and strategies of the commercial, 'unauthorized' heritage turn in Chinese theme parks and, by bridging the gap between English- and Chinese-language research on theme parks, seek to foster interdisciplinary and intercultural scholarly exchange in the field of theme park studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Among the Chinese companies that run the great majority of theme parks in China, Fantawild is the quickest-expanding one, with more than two dozen full-fledged theme parks and many in development. The newest of their three primary theme park models, Oriental Heritage, employs traditional Chinese cultural material and specifically Chinese folklore and legends for its attractions and shows. The park thus differentiates itself not only from Fangte's previous park models, Adventure and Dreamland, which have often been derivative of other, Western park themes and ride systems, but also from the glocalizing approaches of such Western companies as Disney or Universal. Combining Chinese stories and heritage with new and innovative ride systems, Oriental Heritage also differs markedly from the 'ethnic culture parks' whose performative open-air displays dominated the first boom phase of the theme park in China during the mid-1990s. With its traditional Chinese architectural style, Chinese intellectual property or cultural traditions, and technically ambitious ride systems, the 'high-tech theme park full of stories', as it refers to itself, marks the culmination of Fangte's brand evolution from the imitative Adventure and Dreamland models to the confidently Chinese Oriental Heritage concept, making Fangte a particularly interesting and potentially representative model of where the Chinese theme park industry could be headed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay investigates Lu Town, a theme park dedicated to the writer Lu Xun (1881–1936) that was established in Shaoxing, China, in 2003. The theme park is a recreation of a fictional town that is an amalgamation of settings from some of Lu Xun's short stories. The essay seeks to answer the following questions: What happens when the works of a complex and serious writer get popularized in the three-dimensional form of a themed space? Why would one build a theme park around this kind of writer, and how would you capture in a theme park the trenchant critique of rural or small-town social life and traditions in his works? What meanings are invested in this 'leftist' writer in a neoliberal ideological climate in which notions of class exploitation and class struggle have all but disappeared? In the process the essay presents a detailed description of the park, based on visits in 2004 and 2018, and an overview of recent changes undertaken to make the park more profitable in the competitive domestic tourist market. The authors argue that Lu Town, driven by commercial concerns, presents a positive, nostalgic representation of small-town Jiangnan life, one that is starkly at odds with the ironic and sardonic attitude Lu Xun often took towards it in his stories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study used a stimulus-organism-response (S-O-R) theoretical framework to examine the relationship between theme park tourists' experience, brand identity, brand satisfaction, and brand loyalty in China. By using the structural equation model (CB-SEM), this paper illustrates the process of forming destination brand loyalty for sustainable tourism on theme parks. The results suggested a second-order structure of tourism experience. The first-order four factors have different impacts on the second-order tourism experience. Activity experience is the most important factor influencing tourism experience, followed by environment experience, then facility experience, and finally interaction experience. In terms of tourism experience, individual brand identity-brand satisfaction-brand loyalty is the most important path of a theme park on tourists' behavioral intention, among which brand satisfaction plays the most significant partial mediation effect in the relationship between individual identity and destination loyalty. It is expected that the results of this study provide a reference for improving tourists' brand loyalty to achieve sustainable development of theme parks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research proposes a methodology with a structural, participatory, flexible and dynamic character, for the design of sustainable theme parks preferably in protected natural areas adapted to the conditions of the Cuban destinaty. Theoretical methods such as systemic - structural - functional, analytical - synthetic, logical - historical, induction - deduction and modeling and empirical methods such as expert criteria and content analysis were used in the research. The methodology has three phases and six stages that allow establishing guidelines for the correct design of nature theme parks through the coherent integration of different methodologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Turismo em Análise is the property of Revista Turismo em Analise and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The National Park Đerdap (eastern Serbia, vicinity of the Danube River) occupies a segment of the Carpathian-Balkan fold-and-thrust belt and has a significant geoheritage potential, accounting for the impressive natural (geological) and cultural legacy. In addition to the extraordinary orogenic-type landscape or nappe-stacked mountainous configuration, the region contains evidence of ancient mining activities, uncovered within its immediate neighbourhood. The ancient mining activities date back a few thousand years ago and represent a solid ground for the idea of establishing a theme park, including the accompanying mining museum. Historic sites of this type are very attractive, whereas the global practice indicates that the abandoned ore derelict mines could not be easily transformed into a facility with new economically viable content. These have often been left to reveal their dumps, junk piles and ruined leftovers of the formerly used mining tools and equipment. A recent global trend tends to preserve the ancient mining sites, with the attempt to establish a mining museum or theme park. The foundation of the theme park has the goal to make an attractive tourist offering for this part of Serbia. Importantly, old mines are in a social–historical sense the archaeological localities documenting the pioneering mining and archaeometallurgy attempts. Ancient mining sites offer a rich legacy of mining and metallurgical tradition, representing objects or geosites needing conservation and preservation at the social level to outline the sustainable development of a region. This goal is in line with the guidelines and the criteria for developing theme parks, proposed by UNESCO. Thus, here we emphasize the importance of natural and cultural heritage, which represents a significant input of the mining legacy further supporting the idea of establishing a theme park within the National Park Đerdap. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the peak tourist season, large theme parks often experience a simultaneous influx of visitors, resulting in prolonged waiting times for popular attractions. This extended waiting significantly reduces tourists' satisfaction and may negatively impact their willingness to revisit the theme park. In Taiwan, schools at all levels often plan graduation trips to theme parks for their students. Students are divided into groups and must enter and exit the theme park at the same time. This article presents a new theme park problem with multitype facilities (TPP-MTF) for student groups. Based on the group's preference for theme park facilities, multitype reserved tickets with popular facilities are designed for groups, so groups do not need to wait for the reserved facilities. Since the waiting time for groups can be reduced, the theme park can also obtain ticket fees in advance and estimate the number of visitors to the theme park, so the theme park and the group can achieve a win-win situation. This article proposes a new decoding approach for a random permutation of integer sequence and embeds it into an immune-based algorithm, genetic algorithm, and particle swarm optimization algorithm to solve the TPP-MTF problem. A theme park in Taiwan was taken as an example and numerical results of the three algorithms were analyzed and compared to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms., Competing Interests: Declaration of conflicting interestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Tired of the Covid-19 pandemic, many people are in a dilemma and confused about where to go on vacation; besides, people are still considering going to the desired tourist attractions. In such conditions, public interest in theme parks is growing. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of service quality, innovation, price, promotion on customer satisfaction. In this study, customer satisfaction is considered as the intervening variable that has an impact on customer loyalty. The object of study is Ancol Dreamland Park – a top-rated theme park for traveling in Jakarta (Indonesia). Participants in this study were visitors who had come to the Ancol Dreamland Park during the Covid-19 pandemic more than once, were 17 years old and over, and were domiciled in Greater Jakarta. The sample consisted of 200 respondents: 101 females (50.5%) and 99 males (49.5%). The research methodology is based on the use of the quantitative method and causal research. For data analysis, the authors use the SEM (Structural Equation Model), SPSS (Statistical Program for Social Science), and Amos 26 software. The results of this study show that service quality, innovation, price perception, promotion have a significant positive effect on customer satisfaction. Along with this, customer satisfaction has a significant positive effect on customer loyalty. So, the increase in customer satisfaction leads to an increase in customer loyalty, although this increase may not be felt immediately. However, customer satisfaction is a good strategy for the future, because customers will want to visit this theme park again and share their positive feedback with other people. These findings should guide the management of such amusement parks to improve the quality of services. In particular, the quality of service can be improved by paying attention to cleanliness, health, and visitor safety, which are very much needed during this COVID-19 pandemic.

Entertaining the bodily senses by means of the deliberate stimulation of the proprioceptive, kinesthetic, and/or vestibular senses/systems has long been the focus of many of the (mechanical) rides found on the fairground and at the theme park. Although the history of kinaesthetic thrills and proprioceptive pleasures stretches back to the turn of the 20th Century, and, despite the growing interest in digital stimulation (e.g. virtual reality, the Metaverse, etc.), little progress has, as yet, been made in terms of effectively stimulating the bodily senses digitally (e.g. in the home environment) as part of a commoditization of multisensory entertainments. Indeed, it may simply not be possible to digitally elicit the total immersion that one experiences in a well-designed theme-park/fairground ride. Nevertheless, approaching that goal will likely require a recognition of the fundamentally multisensory nature of the experience delivered by the unique sensorium that one finds on the working fairground. And, as we will see later, the contribution of the non-bodily senses is something that is often neglected when researchers have studied such bodily sensations in the laboratory, or else foregrounded them in an artistic, setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores consumers' sentiment and its influencing factors in the context of theme parks by analyzing online reviews. A hybrid approach is employed, including sentiment analysis, logistic regression analysis, and co-occurrence network analysis. The findings provide new insights on the sentiment expression of consumers in different regions, that is, Australian consumers express significantly more positive sentiment than US consumers. In addition, the results reveal the crucial experiential factors causing positive and negative sentiment. This study not only contributes to the understanding of consumers' review behavior and eWoM but also provides a reference for the application of data driven approach in intelligent marketing and management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As theme parks seek more opportunities in using intellectual properties to redesign their services, this study explores the potential impacts of such modifications on consumers' attitudes towards the theme parks. More specifically, it investigates the joint effects of service redesign, nostalgia, and consumer expertise on consumers' brand love for theme parks. The results suggest when theme parks undergo service redesign, nostalgia may play a negative role in predicting consumers' brand love. Moreover, nostalgia and consumer expertise may have joint negative effects on brand love when theme parks undergo service redesign. This study contributes to the hospitality literature by contrasting past studies that display the positive effects of nostalgia in influencing consumer behaviors and suggests the potential drawbacks of nostalgia in the service industry. It also illustrates nostalgia is an intricate marketing tool for the industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Edutainment centers, i. e. centers that both educate and entertain, have sprung up across the globe since the 1970s. At the end of the 20th century, a new type of such centers emerged: theme parks for children, KidZania being the first of its kind and the most global one. Through the example of KidZania, this study examines the characteristics of theme parks that have made them popular among children and their parents as well as the role of such parks in today’s urban learning ecosystems. The paper also explores how the relationship between entertainment and education and the one between the commercial and educational components of edutainment centers affect the current state and development prospects of the sector.

Theme park development has become an important choice for tourism space development in Chinese cities, and the theming of space as well as the implied consumption symbols and cultural implications are usually viewed as examples for the development of other urban spaces, such as cultural tourism towns. The result is the Disneyization of urban tourism space. With the construction of characteristic towns being vigorously promoted throughout China, cultural tourism towns are springing up. They are typical of the “Wuzhen Town Mode” and represent the process of the Disneyization of tourism space in China. This research reflects on the evolution of the characteristics of tourism space in China. Taking the Wuzhen Town Mode as an example, this study reveals the characteristics and conversion mechanism of the Disneyization of tourism space in Chinese cities. According to this research, the Wuzhen Town Mode of the Disneyization is characterized by theming, hybrid consumption, merchandising, and performative labor. Residential function is a unique characteristic of the Disneyization of cultural tourism towns in China. Moreover, the Wuzhen Town Mode of the Disneyization is jointly motivated by the driving force of local governments, the propulsive force of tourist demand, the attractive force of the social environment, and the driving force of capital. Finally, suggestions and policy proposals are provided for the Disneyization of tourism space in China.

Copyright of Turismo: Visão e Ação is the property of Turismo-Visao E Acao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)