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Modern view on extreme and terminal conditions with special emphasis on etiology, pathogenesis and approaches to treatment are described.

The article analyzes the thanatological motive and terminal conditions in fiction and web literature in an interdisciplinary context. Features of the image of death and various mediocre conditions in the web literature on the example of the internet novel “The Age of Glory and Hope” by Yevhenii Litvak are considered. The textual analysis revealed that web literature is more distributed, so the image of clinical death, predagonism, agony, etc. in the text of internet works may have a broader and more diverse semantic load than traditional fiction. It was found that death as a concept is represented by the following interpretations: euthanatic killing of some heroes by others, senseless suicide for dramatic plot twists, fair punishment and self-sacrifice for others and just death for fun. All these variations perform their artistic function in the text, while based on certain medical principles, which is expressed in the descriptions symptoms elements of the terminal conditions and death.

Abstract The major goal of this work is investigating sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of solutions for implicit impulsive coupled system of φ-Hilfer fractional differential equations (FDEs) with instantaneous impulses and terminal conditions. First, we derive equivalent fractional integral equations of the proposed system. Next, by employing some standard fixed point theorems such as Leray–Schauder alternative and Banach, we obtain the existence and uniqueness of solutions. Further, by mathematical analysis technique we investigate the Ulam–Hyers (UH) and generalized UH (GUH) stability of solutions. Finally, we provide a pertinent example to corroborate the results obtained.

A brief historical-analytical review of the origin, essence, and development of empathy has been made. The theoretical measurements in the study of the empathic ability are subject to special attention. On the basis of topical definitions of the concept, the application of the approach in different spheres of life, and more specifically in medical practice, has been discussed. The types of communicative behavior in primary medical practice have been differentiated. A theoretical, applied method of communication intervention within the framework of operationalization and scaling of the empathic interaction is proposed. On the basis of the assumption of a genetically determined property of co-experience, the preconditions for the establishment of optimal interpersonal context upon exchange of information between the physician and the patient and making medical decisions have been outlined. Led by the so systematized and analyzed models and considering the specification of the transformed and activated empathic resources in cases of terminal conditions, an attempt has been made for the presentation of an extensive type of empathic interaction, applied in palliative medicine. The outlining of key messages in cases of terminal conditions in the specified model is complex and at the same time an open, dynamic process, requiring adaptation and enrichment with parameters of religious, ethnical and social nature, and other factors of psychological, spiritual and bio-ethical type in the complex interactive space of palliative medicine.

The major goal of this work is investigating sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of solutions for implicit impulsive coupled system of φ-Hilfer fractional differential equations (FDEs) with instantaneous impulses and terminal conditions. First, we derive equivalent fractional integral equations of the proposed system. Next, by employing some standard fixed point theorems such as Leray–Schauder alternative and Banach, we obtain the existence and uniqueness of solutions. Further, by mathematical analysis technique we investigate the Ulam–Hyers (UH) and generalized UH (GUH) stability of solutions. Finally, we provide a pertinent example to corroborate the results obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The motion cueing algorithm (MCA) is in charge of the real vehicle motion feeling regeneration for the driver of the simulation-based motion platform (SBMP) with respect to its limitations. The model predictive control (MPC) has been newly employed in developing MCAs to calculate the optimal input signals for delivering the best motion feeling to the SBMP's drivers while respecting the boundaries of the platform. The stability of the MCA based on MPC has become one of the main issues for some scenarios, such as an urban driving scenario, which involves sudden decelerations/accelerations (stop and start moving), sharp and large turn, and slalom movement. The urban driving scenario destabilizes the current MCA based on MPC and leads the undesired motion fluctuations, which create an unpleasant motion artifact for the SBMP drivers. Therefore, the displacement of the SBMP should be penalized conservatively to respect the workspace boundaries for all driving scenarios. This will make the motion conservative and can cause some motion-feeling error. In this article, the concept of terminal conditions (weights and states) are employed for the first time to design and develop a new generation of MCA based on MPC to enhance the performance of the model for different scenarios, such as the heavy-traffic scenario in the urban areas. Also, the stability of the MPC by considering the terminal conditions is investigated in the MCA domain. Then, the MCA based on MPC by considering terminal conditions is developed using the MATLAB software with a presentation of the urban motion scenario. The outcomes demonstrate the effectiveness of the designed model with a common MCA based on MPC without the consideration of the terminal conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. The solution to the problem of development of suboptimal evasive strategy of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) under the conditions of uncertainty of the current motion characteristics, and the future behavior strategy of the interdictor is considered. The FV (flying vehicle) control is organized with maximum efficiency. Herewith, the maneuvering FV trajectory must satisfy the requirements of optimality for some given functions of the phase variables at the final time and the conditions of its path through a specified terminal area space. The initial conditions and the dynamic facilities of the evading and opposing FV at the initial time are assumed to be known. The evading FV control is developed by its onboard guidance and navigation system in real time on nonlinear position feedback control. The work objective is to build an algorithm for solving the problem of synthesis of terminal optimal control of motion of center of mass of highspeed UAV that allows searching for the optimal control in function of the current coordinates of the object. Consideration of the problem in this formulation distinguishes it from the classical conflict tasks on the prosecution to be solved with the involvement of the theory of differential games, and demands computationally efficient solution methods. Materials and Methods. For the UAV operating under the conditions of violent disturbances, the most effective hard constraints on the phase variables and control are the so-called methods of optimal terminal control that implement adaptive algorithms with projection. Therefore, the solution to the formulated problem can be obtained precisely with the use of their ideology. Research Results. A new method of piecewise-software terminal control of the UAV motion is developed. It differs from the known ones in that it is based on the procedure of searching a control strategy upon the best guaranteed result with the terminal restrictions. A methodology for calculating the management strategy for the FV evasive maneuver in a slow loop of the terminal control system is worked out. It is characterized in that instead of the forecast procedure in speed-up time and calculation of residuals, the conversion of a boundary value problem to a one-point task of integration of the ordinary differential equations system with account for the occurrence of non-zero terminal member in the cost functional, is used. Discussion and Conclusions. Despite the fact that the development of a suboptimal guidance strategy in the terminal area of the evading FV is not in the form of synthesis, the control software adapts to the current conditions. This is achieved through the iterative procedures of regular recalculation of terminal conditions that are equivalent to the periodic circuit feedback. Thus, the evading FV is brought to a specified terminal area through software, while evading an interdictor is developed as synthesis. Limitations to the method are the terms that the movement model of the opposing FV is known, and it forms a natural control of the evader intercept.

In this Paper, The online optimal integrated guidance and control algorithm design has been provided for two-stages Launch Vehicle .The flight equations are nonlinear and has been derived in flight plane. In order to solve it based on numerical solution and shooting method logic by the combination between ODE - start to end solver algorithm by considering initial conditions for integrated states and co-states - and optimization fmincon SQP algorithm has been acted. In order to verify designing method the results of this algorithm solutions has been compared with the results of a valid separated guidance and control algorithm for launch vehicle. The result function involves minimum control effort, terminal terms and minimizing burning time. The results indicate the satisfaction of three mentioned identities achieving high accurate orbital insertion and more coordination between the operation of guidance and control algorithms in integrated logic comparing with separated ones.

This study is concerned with the surface mount component positioning problem and an improved chamfer matching method based on iterative position and rotation angle estimation approach is proposed. Instead of performing matching of the image with different pre‐specified angle templates pixel by pixel, as does in traditional chamfer matching methods, the gradient information of the distance transform image is incorporated into the chamfer matching method and reduced computational cost of the method is achieved. The iterative formulas to update the translation and rotation angle are derived by reference to the characteristic of rigid body motion. The criterions of search region establishment, seed point selection and terminal conditions are given. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by applying the method to component positioning with actual captured images. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current pulse because of positive corona discharge is a main source of radio interference (RI). An accurate measurement of the original corona pulse is necessary to study corona‐generated RI. However, the corona pulse is likely to be distorted by either LC oscillation or reflection. In this study, an experiment system with single corona source is built which can provide a nearly free‐reflection path for the current pulses, and measurements are carried out in the system. The magnitude of the measured waveform is close to one half of the original pulse, which proves the accuracy of the measurement method. In order to obtain the original current pulse, a comprehensive model for the current pulses' path, taking the stray capacitance and stray inductance into consideration, is established. Based on the model, an inversion method to derive the original pulse is proposed. In combination with the obtained original pulse, the model gives the calculated results for other experimental conditions. The calculated results agree well with the measured results, which provide solid validation for the accuracy of the measurement. Another advantage of the proposed measurement method is that the long cables enable the accurate measurements to be achieved under any terminal conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study presents a sufficient and necessary stability condition for the stability of interval fractional‐order systems. An effective constructive method of the value set on the disturbance function of an interval fractional‐order system is investigated to reduce the burden of computations for the redundant vertices and edges. Based on the zero exclusion principle, a test function and terminal conditions are proposed to verify the stability of interval fractional‐order systems. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of this proposed stability theorem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Here, the final discussion of how “weak” zones emerge on the surfaces of interfaced machine parts is presented. Specific attention is paid to the observation of the boundary conditions of the heat problem of friction, and to the derivation and solution of the analytical equations of the problem. The total result is drawn from the development and improvement of the heat problem of friction; it is emphasized that the elaborated theory is ready to solve specific production tasks using modern theoretical methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents results of experimental deployment of a large instrumented cylinder of variable nose geometry and center of mass offset (CMO) in free-fall in realistic environment. Data on four tests series in the Gulf of Mexico are presented and analyzed statistically. The stochastic nature of the problem of the cylinder free-falling through water is outlined and described as an input to the subsequent impact burial prediction package. Significance of the CMO on the behavior of the cylinder is underlined. Influence of the release conditions on trajectory is discussed and found to affect the behavior of the cylinders only in the first 3.5 m of free-fall in water. Beyond this depth, quasi-stable (in the mean sense) conditions are achieved, Effects of three different nose shapes--blunt, hemispherical, and chamfered--on cylinder behavior are analyzed and found to have a pronounced influence on the fall trajectory. The blunt nose shape appears to be hydrodynamically most stable in free-fall. Apparent periodicity in motions of all cylinders were noted and were found to be the function of the CMO and nose shape primarily. Implications of these and other findings on modeling and impact burial predictions are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: In this paper, receding horizon model predictive control (RHMPC) of nonlinear systems subject to input and state constraints is considered. We propose to estimate the terminal region and the terminal cost off-line using support vector machine learning. The proposed approach exploits the freedom in the choices of the terminal region and terminal cost needed for asymptotic stability. The resulting terminal regions are large and, hence provide for large domains of attraction of the RHMPC. The promise of the method is demonstrated with two examples. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The purpose of this paper is to relax the terminal conditions typically used to ensure stability in model predictive control, thereby enlarging the domain of attraction for a given prediction horizon. Using some recent results, we present novel conditions that employ, as the terminal cost, the finite-horizon cost resulting from a nonlinear controller u=−sat(Kx) and, as the terminal constraint set, the set in which this controller is optimal for the finite-horizon constrained optimal control problem. It is shown that this solution provides a considerably larger terminal constraint set than is usually employed in stability proofs for model predictive control. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

In this paper we investigate theoretically the numerical bias due to the truncation of structurally infinite time forward-looking models, by the means of various terminal conditions. On a general multivariate optimal growth model, we first analytically confirm some well-known heuristic properties for certain extreme spectral cases. However, we show that the heuristic findings stated in the literature, relying on intermediate spectral configurations, lack theoretical basis as that they omit, among other relevant features, the crucial role of initial conditions: in this case, comparison criteria exclusively based on spectral considerations lack theoretical sense. Numerical evidence is proposed to illustrate this point and other related empirical findings are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]