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BACKGROUND: Heat stroke is the result of the imbalance between the metabolic production of heat and physiological measures to guarantee its elimination. It is characterized by a failure in thermoregulatory mechanisms, manifesting as hyperthermia and altered neurological status after exposure to high ambient temperatures. The highest average temperatures in Mexico occur in the months of July and August, for 30 years each decade has been warmer due to the release of CO2 and other greenhouse gases. In 2012 the nominal registry of damages to health was implemented in Mexico, where an increase in the reporting of cases of heat stroke has been noted. CLINICAL CASE: An 81-year-old male patient who was admitted to the Emergency department with a diagnosis of heat stroke, secondary to exposure to high ambient temperatures for more than 2 hours, triggering hyperthermia, neurological deterioration, and supraventricular tachycardia. CONCLUSIONS: Prolonged exposure to high temperatures impairs the thermoregulatory response, so the history of exposure is important for clinical suspicion and timely initiation of treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Climate changes caused by the El Niño oscillation southern (ENSO) significantly influence human diseases, because they are related to anomalies in precipitation or periods of drought. The aims of this paper are: to evaluate the anomalies of the average sea surface temperature, to calculate the average sea surface temperature of the Niño and Niño 1+2 regions, to contextualize infectious pathologies according to their classification: viral, bacterial, parasitic and caused by fungi in the geographical areas or countries of the Region where they have been studied in the historical context (1982-1983; 1997-1998 and 2016-2017) periods of the ENSO considered strong. A bibliographic, descriptive, documentary, retrospective and cross-sectional review was carried out during the months of October 2023 to March 2024. Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) are higher than average, observed throughout the equatorial Pacific Ocean, with anomalies being greater in the central and central-eastern Pacific. For ENSO 2023-2024, in the Niño 4 region the last calculated values of the Niño index remained at a temperature of +1.4 °C, in the Niño 3,4 region it was +1.9, in the Niño -3 region it was +2.0 °C while in the Niño-1+2 regions it weakened to +1.0 °C. The highest incidence and prevalence of ENSO infection (1997-1998) in Ecuador stands out, accounting for an increase in 13 infectious pathologies. Attention must be paid and the links between the environment and the risk of infection must be better understood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Glasnik Zastite Bilja is the property of Zadruzna Stampa D.D. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental - Agriambi is the property of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Over the last few decades North American flying squirrels (Glaucomys spp.) have experienced dramatic northward range shifts. Previous studies have focused on the potential effects of warming winter temperatures, yet the hypothesis that rising summer temperature had a role in these range shifts remained unexplored. We therefore sought to determine the effect of high environmental temperatures on the thermoregulation and energetics of flying squirrels in an area of the Northeast of North America with a recent species turnover. Unable to find a logistically feasible population of the northern species (Glaucomys sabrinus), we focused on Southern Flying Squirrels (G. volans). Using flow-through respirometry, we measured the relationship between metabolic rate, evaporative water loss, and body temperature at high ambient temperatures. We also measured core body temperature in free-ranging flying squirrels using temperature-sensitive data loggers. We detected no significant increase in metabolic rate up to ambient temperatures as high as 40 °C. However, evaporative water loss increased at temperatures above 36.2 °C. Free-ranging body temperature of flying squirrels followed a circadian pattern with a ~2 °C difference between active and resting phase modal body temperatures. Rest-phase body temperatures were influenced by environmental temperatures with higher resting temperatures observed on days with higher daily maximum ambient temperatures but not to an extent that energy or water costs were significantly increased during rest. We found that, due to a relatively high level of thermal tolerance, high ambient temperatures are unlikely to cause an energetic strain on Southern Flying Squirrels. However, these findings do not preclude negative impacts of high ambient temperatures on the northern species, and these may still play a role in the changing distributions of Glaucomys in North America. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Rudarsko-Geolosko-Naftni Zbornik is the property of Faculty of Mining, Geology & Petroleum Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Thornthwaite's climate classification is one of the most used in the world, whether for geographic, meteorological, climatological, bioclimatological, ecological studies, among others. This study aimed to generate a detailed Thornthwaite climate classification map for Eastern Maranhão. A total of 101 meteorological observation points were used, from which the variables average air temperature and rainfall were obtained, within the time range from 1950 to 2021. Such data were evaluated and subsequently processed in an Excel and GIS environment. In Excel, climatological water balances were calculated using the Thornthwaite and Mather method, using 100 mm as soil water storage capacity, in addition to determining the indices of the temperature equations by multiple linear regression for subsequent spatialization in matrix images of latitude and longitude. Precipitation and evapotranspiration data were interpolated using ordinary kriging, with a spatial resolution of 90 m, equal to that of the digital elevation model made available by the National Institute for Space Research. More than 8,727,760.0 pixels were evaluated, identifying the dry subhumid C1 and rainy subhumid C2 climate types, described by the subtypesC1 dA’a’,C1 wA’a’,C1w2A’a’ and C2 w2A’a’. Overall, it was identified that 94% of the East Maranhense area is occupied by aC1 climate and 6% by a C2 climate. It is understood that this study generated accurate scientific information to support agricultural and urban planning, water resources management and the development of sustainable environmental policies for Eastern Maranhão. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dehydration process is one of the oldest methods that allows the conservation of fruits or vegetables, it is characterized by the total or partial elimination of water through evaporation, it prevents the microorganism's proliferation, inhibits the enzymatic action, increases useful lifetime allowing a better conservation of the fruit or vegetable. The objective of the present review is to identify the phenomena that occur in the dehydration process and the factors that can affect this process. Dehydration provides an added value to agro industrial products that are traditionally sold only in afresh state; favors transportation and distribution operations due to the reduction in weight and volume of fruits and vegetables. Through the bibliographic review, it was identified that in the dehydration process two phenomena occur: the transmission of heat from the external gaseous medium to the internal medium of the food and the transfer of the internal humidity of the food to the external medium, in addition; the factors that can affect the dehydration are: pressure, temperature, humidity and air speed, so they must be controlled from the beginning of the dehydration process [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chemical Industry / Hemijska Industrija is the property of Association of Chemical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of temperature and ultraviolet radiation (UV-B) on a microencapsulated formulation created by coacervation using the conidia of native Beauveria bassiana strains as the active ingredient. A strain of B. bassiana (HIB-15) was selected in a trial with Bemisia tabaci nymphs where we obtained 77% mortality. The viability of the microencapsulated conidia was 96% at 45 °C, while the effect of UV-B radiation was negative since the viability decreased to 20% at the time of exposure. This shows that the formulation provided protection with respect to temperature but did not protect against the effect of radiation. Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar los efectos de la temperatura y la radiación ultravioleta (UV-B) en una formulación microencapsulada creada por coacervación utilizando los conidios de cepas nativas de Beauveria bassiana como ingrediente activo. Se seleccionó una cepa de B. bassiana (HIB-15) en un ensayo con ninfas de Bemisia tabaci donde se obtuvo un 77% de mortalidad. La viabilidad de los conidios microencapsulados fue del 96% a 45 °C, mientras que el efecto de la radiación UV-B fue negativo ya que la viabilidad disminuyó al 20% al momento de la exposición. Esto muestra que la formulación proporcionó protección con respecto a la temperatura, pero no protegió contra el efecto de la radiación. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Durante el proceso de fermentación, las levaduras y las bacterias descomponen los azúcares que dan al café su sabor único. Por lo tanto, el propósito de este estudio fue determinar si el tiempo de fermentación aeróbica en dos condiciones ambientales, específicamente en granos de café despulpados de la variedad Catucaí (Coffea arabica L.), tiene un efecto sobre la calidad del café en taza. Para ello se estudiaron variables como el pH del medio de fermentación, así como el resultado obtenido en las catas de bebidas. Los principales resultados muestran que la temperatura ambiente afecta las condiciones de fermentación cuando llega los 18,3 °C, provocando una disminución del pH y por ende de la fermentación láctica. Al analizar los puntajes de fusión, se encontró que el tiempo óptimo de fermentación se logró a las 16 horas en ambiente de invernadero con un valor de 79,25, el cual se considera "bueno" según los estándares de la Asociación de Cafés Especiales. A pesar de estos tratamientos, la variedad no logró obtener un resultado satisfactorio como consecuencia de un inadecuado manejo nutricional y fitosanitarios del cultivo, que disminuyeron la calidad de la bebida de café, con puntajes inferiores a los 80 puntos.

Introduction: numerous investigations have studied the link between climate variability and its effects on the epidemiology of dengue, highlighting the complex nature of this relationship due to the great adaptability of the Aedes vector. Studying climate variability as part of a comprehensive analysis of dengue epidemiology is essential to evaluate its impact on the recurring epidemics that occur. Objective: the present study sought to determine if there is an association between dengue cases reported from 2014 to 2023 in the province of Coronel Portillo, Peru, and climate variability, in the period January 2021 to December 2023. Method: the study was descriptive, reflective and analytical over time. The sources of information were obtained from the Regional Health Directorate of Ucayali and the National Meteorology and Hydrology Service of Peru. Statistical tests of cross-correlation between variables were carried out. Results: temperature showed a moderate positive correlation with reported dengue cases (0.594; P=0.042), as did precipitation (0.678; P=0.015). Regarding its correlation with the incidence of cases, it was 0.619 and P=0.032; and 0.675 and P=0.016, respectively. Humidity showed a very low correlation (0.111; P=0.732); Its correlation with the incidence of cases was 0.106 and P=0.744. The incidence of dengue cases presented a close connection with the reported dengue cases (0.998; P=0.00). Conclusions: the results reveal statistically significant correlations that suggest that the increase in dengue cases caused by the Aedes vector, in the province of Coronel Portillo, Peru, is associated with the climate variability that occurred from 2014 to 2023.

Increasing water deficits and warming temperatures due to climate change threaten agricultural systems in the Peruvian Andes, where environmental conditions are themselves challenging. Lepidium meyenii Walpers also known as "maca" is an endemic root crop that can tolerate adverse conditions such as low temperatures and high UV radiation, but little is known about its response to drought. This study aimed to test the effect on maca germination and early seedling growth of water restriction under two maximum temperatures: 15 °C (current scenario) and 20 °C (warming scenario). Water restriction had either a direct or a temperature-dependent effect on germination and above-ground seedling growth, which was greater at 15 °C. By contrast, its effects on seedlings growing at 20 °C were completely overcome by faster germination, initial growth, and biomass acquisition. The results are consistent with those from other crops and contribute to the understanding of how climate change is affecting high-mountain agriculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the objective was to determine the potential effect of hive color on honey bee colony performance. Among the three hive groups, the hives, and their covers in the first group were painted in white; the hives and covers in the second group were painted in blue, and finally, the hives in the third group were painted in blue while their covers were painted in white. Data recorders were placed inside all hives, and temperatures were recorded every 59 minutes between June 27 and July 26 in the hives kept in the open field. In the study, examining the effect of three combinations of two different colors on the hive's internal temperature, average temperature values were calculated for the first, second, and third groups as 22.36±7.23 °C, 24.26±8.27 °C, and 24.93±8.91 °C, respectively, for the entire day. The results of the one-way variance analysis showed that the difference among groups was statistically significant (p<0.001). Considering that ambient temperature might be more effective in-hive temperature at certain times of the day, the data recorded between 10:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. were discussed separately, and the analyses in question were repeated. As a result of the research, it was observed that the white color group had a lower average temperature for both the entire day and the hot hours of the day. Therefore, it was concluded that the white color of the hives significantly contributes to the honey bee colony's performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to increasing climate change, it has become important to determine whether the dose-response relationship of organisms to some substances is affected by temperature. For this reason, in this study, it was aimed to reveal the effect of the temperature variable on the toxic response using the Dreissena polymorpha model organism and some of its biomarkers. For this purpose, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in Dreissena polymorpha exposed to subletal concentrations of λ-cyhalothrin at different temperatures were measured using commercial ELISA kits. According to the results obtained, there was a statistically significant increase in MDA levels in the groups exposed to λ-cyhalothrin, while a decrease in GSH levels was found. AChE levels were inhibited especially in the groups exposed high concentrartion of λcyhalothrin. It was also found that the inhibition levels increased depending on the application times. While SOD enzyme activity decreased, CAT enzyme activity increased depending on the exposure concentration. It has been observed that different temperature have different effects on the toxicity of λ-cyhalothrin. It was observed that λ-cyhalothrin caused oxidative stress and neurotoxicity, and the toxicity of λ-cyhalothrin changed depending on the temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Litterfall accumulated on soils is considered a significant source of organic matter. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate litterfall patterns in each region and particularly understand its relationship with various environmental factors. The primary objective of this study was to determine the contribution of litterfall to the soil in both coniferous and oak forests and its association with environmental, biological, and disturbance conditions in the temperate forests of the highlands in the Sierra Norte de Oaxaca, Mexico. We established sampling sites along an altitudinal gradient ranging from 1,950 to 3,250 m a.s.l. At each sampling site, we conducted vegetation sampling, collected leaf litter over a period of 250 days, and measured various environmental, biological, and disturbance variables. Notably, the forests in our study area exhibited higher litterfall amounts compared to those reported for forests in other parts of the world, with mixed forests producing 7.06 Mg ha-1 year-1, oak forests 6.33 Mg ha-1 year-1, and coniferous forests 4.03 Mg ha-1 year-1. Our findings revealed that litterfall was closely associated with environmental conditions, with a more pronounced impact on oak, influenced by factors such as temperature and precipitation intensity. In contrast, for coniferous, the most significant variable affecting litterfall was the intensity of disturbance, particularly the number of stumps. Coniferous trees exhibited a higher contribution of litterfall to the soil, showing peaks of litterfall during specific times of the year. Interestingly, oak trees in the study area did not contribute any leaf litter during the rainy season. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Passive integrated transponders (PIT tags) can aid in the collection of important demographic data for species for which other methods, such as GPS technology, are not suitable. PIT tags can be particularly suitable to monitor small and cryptic species like bats and permit inference on their behavioral ecology. Literature for several species of bats states that females change their nightly activity patterns—going out and in of the roost only once per night during gestation compared to several times during lactation. Hence, we tested whether PIT tag detection patterns could be used to infer reproductive status and parturition date of female bats. From 2017 to 2021, we recorded detections of PIT-tagged little brown (Myotis lucifugus) and northern long-eared bats (M. septentrionalis) at the entrance of 2 maternity roosts in Québec and Newfoundland, Canada. We also used the maternity roost in Québec as a case study to further evaluate the potential of this method to link behavior and demography and investigated factors affecting parturition date. We were able to infer reproductive status for 63% to 97% of tagged individuals detected during both the gestation and the lactation periods, and parturition date for 61% to 95% of reproductive individuals, depending on the year and roost. Early spring arrival at the roost and warm spring mean temperature at night were associated with earlier parturition dates. Herein, we highlight that PIT tag systems may be useful to detect changes in activity patterns of female bats and infer individual reproductive parameters, which is on the long-term less stressful for bats and easier for researchers. We demonstrate that this approach is useful to investigate intrinsic and extrinsic factors of reproductive parameters, improving our understanding of bat population dynamics resulting in more informed population management decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Consumer needs and local development have caused an increase in the production of high-fermentation craft beers of the Ale type. This product offers particular sensory characteristics, and allows the use of non-traditional raw materials, sometimes obtained locally. However, problems related to its shelf life have been reported. Objective: To identify the technological factors which affects the shelf life of high-fermentation craft beers of the Ale type through a bibliographic review. Materials and Methods: The PRISMA methodology was followed for the identification of information, its visualization, its eligibility, and the inclusion of documents for subsequent analysis. Results and Discussion: The bibliographic study reveals that the shelf life of this type of craft beer is affected by factors such as temperature, time, yeasts, chemical transformations, high-pressure processing, and light. Conclusions: Research on the quality of craft beer of the Ale type has increased in recent years. Shelf life is the aspect that most influences it; it has been reported that it can be from six months to a year. However, it is not reflected in its expiration date. Temperature is the most influential factor, both in fermentation and storage, indicating ranges to control between 18°C to 25°C and 0°C and 8°C, respectively, thus avoiding changes in the flavor profile and the microbiological stability of beer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The FRP reinforcement gained importance due to high tensile strength, high durability and ecological friendliness [1–7]. Its usefulness as the internal or Near Surface Mounted reinforcement in bent concrete elements has already been proven. Though, in terms of the compressive behaviour of the bars and concrete elements incorporating them, there are still few experimental and numerical considerations, especially when high temperatures are considered. This article contains further considerations on the performance of concrete columns with BFRP main reinforcement in fire resistance tests on the basis of previously presented authors’ numerical analyses. Comparative analysis in terms of temperatures, deformations and stresses of concrete columns with BFRP and steel main reinforcement in fire resistance tests is presented by the example of two columns, for which also experimental investigations were performed. Also, a comparative analysis of stress-strain relations for BFRP, steel and concrete at temperatures up to 600◦C is presented. It can be concluded that BFRP bars’ properties are strongly different when compressive and tensile performance is considered, especially at elevated temperatures. Tensile strength was higher for BFRP than steel at room temperature, but along with temperature growth, it came the other way (at around 600◦C). The compressive strength of the BFRP bars was higher than the value for concrete, but only for temperatures lower than 200◦C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The number of chilling hours is responsible for maximizing budding and flowering in temperate climate fruit trees, and this number varies widely between years. An important source of variability is the occurrence of the ENSO - El Niño Southern Oscillation. With the intent of further understanding, the objective set was to analyze the influence of ENSO on chilling hours in Rio Grande do Sul State. To perform the analysis it was used data of air temperature - below 7.2 o C - from 24 meteorological stations. The results showed that when La Niña occurs, the percentage of chilling hours was above average for the period analyzed in all locations, and when El Niño occurs, the values were below average in 79% of the locations. The highest number of chilling hours, observed in each location, mainly occurred during the presence of La Niña and the lowest number was mainly observed during the occurrence of El Niño. The largest deviation (%) of chilling hours from the average occurred in May. Despite the month of July having the highest number of chilling hours, the occurrence of El Niño or La Niña does not show any difference between them. The month of September also shows no difference when comparing instances of El Niño and La Niña. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Avances is the property of Instituto de Informacion Cientifica y Tecnologica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Enfermería Investiga: Investigaciin, Vinculación, Docencia y Gestiin is the property of Revista Enfermeria Investiga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Angiología is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El cambio climático se afecta por la actividad humana principalmente al producir gases de efecto invernadero (GEI) que alteran la atmósfera y aumentan la temperatura media del planeta. En los Andes, cordillera oriental, con importante rango altitudinal, está ubicado el departamento de Boyacá, segundo productor de papa en Colombia, con una zona ligada culturalmente al tubérculo, el cual es vulnerable al cambio climático. Dado lo anterior, es relevante, para la producción de papa, conocer cuál es la distribución del cambio climático en la zona papera de Boyacá. En esta investigación se determina el cambio de precipitación y temperatura en esta zona durante el periodo 1986-2017. Se seleccionaron 37 estaciones con series anuales de precipitación y temperatura, se reconstruyeron los datos faltantes y se estimaron las medias multianuales y los cambios en estos elementos. Se zonificaron las variables climáticas y sus cambios por interpolación espacial. Se encontraron cambios, diferenciales espacialmente, de temperatura de entre -1,2 °C y 1,6 °C y de precipitación de entre -40 % y 60 %. Se concluye que existe variabilidad espacial a causa del cambio climático en la zona papera de Boyacá, con aumento y disminución tanto de precipitación como de temperatura en cerca del 50 % del territorio.

A classificação climática de Thornthwaite é uma das mais utilizadas no mundo, seja para estudos geográficos, meteorológicos, climatológicos, bioclimatológicos, ecológicos, dentre outros. Este estudo teve como objetivo gerar um mapa detalhado de classificação climática de Thornthwaite para o Leste Maranhense. Foram utilizados um total de 101 pontos de observação meteorológica, dos quais se obteve as variáveis temperatura média do ar e precipitação pluvial, dentro do intervalo temporal de 1950 a 2021. Tais dados foram avaliados e posteriormente processados em ambiente Excel e SIG. No Excel foram calculados os balanços hídricos climatológicos pelo método de Thornthwaite e Mather, usando 100 mm como capacidade de armazenamento de água do solo, além da determinação dos índices das equações de temperatura por regressão linear múltipla para posterior espacialização em imagens matriciais de latitude e longitude. Os dados de precipitação e evapotranspiração foram interpolados por krigagem ordinária, com resolução espacial de 90 m, igual à do modelo digital de elevação disponibilizado pelo Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais. Foram avaliados mais de 8.727.760,0 pixels, sendo identificados os tipos climáticos subúmido seco C1 e subúmido chuvoso C2, descritos pelos subtipos C1dA’a’, C1wA’a’, C1w2A’a’ e C2w2A’a’. No geral, identificou-se que 94% da área do Leste Maranhense é ocupada por clima C1 e 6% por clima C2. Entende-se que este estudo gerou informações científicas precisas para apoio no planejamento agrícola e urbano, gestão de recursos hídricos e elaboração de políticas ambientais sustentáveis para o Leste Maranhense.

A previsão do perfil e histórico de temperatura é necessária para fins de análise e projeto de pavimentos flexíveis. O desempenho dos pavimentos é influenciado pelas condições climáticas locais e a temperatura do pavimento é um aspecto importante, especialmente em um cenário de mudanças climáticas que indicam aumento das temperaturas no Brasil. Além do impacto nas propriedades mecânicas e no desempenho dos pavimentos asfálticos, a temperatura pode afetar substancialmente o meio ambiente, causando um fenômeno denominado ilha de calor urbana. Nesse contexto, o presente artigo descreve o desenvolvimento de um modelo numérico unidimensional para calcular perfis de temperatura de pavimentos flexíveis. O modelo utiliza dados climáticos de radiação solar, temperatura do ar, temperatura do ponto de orvalho e velocidade do vento; e considera as propriedades térmicas dos materiais utilizados. Ele é baseado nos fundamentos do balanço de energia entre o pavimento e seu entorno, e contempla a análise de pavimentos com até 4 camadas. Com isso, busca-se uma alternativa consistente para prever a variação da temperatura do pavimento e estudar o impacto da transferência de calor nos pavimentos asfálticos e no meio ambiente. O modelo foi comparado com uma solução analítica e validado com dados medidos em outra pesquisa disponível na literatura e dados modelados no EICM, demonstrando boa correspondência para os dados simulados. Os resultados demonstram a importância das propriedades termofísicas na temperatura dos pavimentos. Pode-se concluir que o modelo é adequado para incorporação em ferramentas de cálculo de temperatura de pavimentos flexíveis e estudos de ilhas de calor.

Esta investigación examina la relación entre la expansión urbana y el incremento en las temperaturas en México. Para ello se utilizará un modelo econométrico de panel que permitirá analizar los patrones de temperatura en diferentes periodos (1975, 1990, 2000 y 2015) para una muestra de 132 ciudades mexicanas. Las urbes representan una variedad de tamaños, desde las más grandes hasta medianas y pequeñas. El modelo busca medir el patrón creciente de tamaño urbano y su relación con el cambio en la temperatura ambiente. Para ello se considerará el tamaño de la industria de cada ciudad como un factor específico del uso del suelo. Este enfoque permitirá entender cómo los cambios en el uso del suelo y el desarrollo industrial están relacionados con el incremento en la temperatura ambiental. El objetivo central de este trabajo es demostrar que los procesos de expansión urbana tienen una relación directa con el incremento en las temperaturas registradas para diferentes ciudades en nuestro país. En otras palabras, se busca dar evidencia empírica de que a medida que una ciudad crece y se expande, su temperatura media también tiende a aumentar. A pesar de las limitaciones en información, este estudio representa un paso importante para entender mejor los impactos del cambio climático y la urbanización en las ciudades mexicanas. La evidencia empírica acumulada en el debate actual respalda la idea de que las temperaturas en las áreas urbanas están aumentando. Esta tendencia se ve confirmada por los resultados presentados: las ciudades experimentan un incremento en su temperatura promedio. Aunque este fenómeno ha sido documentado en numerosas ciudades alrededor del mundo, en México aún falta información al respecto. Los estudios más relevantes en este campo han sido realizados por Jáuregui (2004), quien ha registrado estos cambios en la Zona Metropolitana de la Ciudad de México a lo largo de su expansión histórica. Sin embargo, en otras grandes ciudades mexicanas, como las Zonas Metropolitanas de Guadalajara, Monterrey, Puebla y Tijuana, aún no se cuenta con suficiente evidencia empírica que permita prever las posibles implicaciones futuras, ni siquiera es posible determinar los impactos actuales del crecimiento de las ciudades en el clima. Por lo tanto, es necesario fomentar el estudio de este fenómeno, especialmente en aquellas ciudades más grandes de México que muy susceptibles a sufrir impactos significativos. Las variables obtenidas de la base de datos del proyecto europeo GHS Urban Centre Database 2015 muestran una fuerte correlación entre la temperatura urbana y factores como la expansión urbana a lo largo del tiempo, el crecimiento poblacional y sus actividades reflejadas en un aumento del transporte privado (automóviles) y otros factores como la actividad industrial de las grandes ciudades. El modelo permite verificar que las ciudades con más de un millón de habitantes son altamente susceptibles al continuo crecimiento poblacional (de ahí su significancia estadística). El crecimiento poblacional o de la actividad económica, como la industria, también implican aumentos en el uso del transporte y en la creación de infraestructura urbana, lo que reduce la vegetación y las superficies verdes que pueden refrescar el ambiente de las ciudades. Por estas y otras razones, las ciudades no deberían expandirse más allá de ciertos límites. Finalmente, se plantea la urgente necesidad de estudiar, mediante metodologías científicas, qué posibles escenarios habrá para las ciudades, no solamente las mexicanas sino todas las que son susceptibles del aumento de temperatura debido a su crecimiento desmesurado. Un enfoque prospectivo es siempre una herramienta fundamental para adelantarse a los posibles efectos y prever soluciones creativas y eficaces. La voluntad de los gobiernos en materia de planeación urbana es clave en este proceso y de allí el objetivo de mostrar los resultados.

Introducción. Las poblaciones del piojo harinoso Phenacoccus solenopsis se incrementaron en el valle de Mexicali, ocasionando pérdidas económicas en el cultivo de algodón (Secretaría de Agricultura, 2021). Además, se carecen de estudios del comportamiento poblacional de esta plaga en esta región del estado de Baja California. Objetivo. Estudiar la fluctuación poblacional de P. solenopsis en el cultivo de algodón en el valle de Mexicali. Métodos. Se realizaron muestreos semanales (abril-septiembre de 2019) en una parcela de algodón de 5 000 m2 en el ejido Querétaro del valle de Mexicali. Se empleó el muestreo sistemático seleccionando un punto de muestreo cada 10 m, se revisaron un total de 400 plantas por día de muestreo, se consideró una planta infestada si presentaba al menos un piojo harinoso (Negrare et al., 2011). Se monitorearon las condiciones climáticas del área experimental durante el periodo de estudio. Se realizó análisis de correlación para conocer el grado de relación entre las condiciones climáticas y el número de plantas infestadas. Resultados y discusión. Se observó que durante los meses de abril, mayo y junio no se detectó a P. solenopsis en el área de estudio. Se detectó a finales de junio y durante el mes de julio que su densidad fue baja. En los meses de agosto y septiembre P. solenopsis registró su mayor incremento poblacional alcanzando 16 plantas infestadas por fecha de muestreo. El análisis de correlación indicó una relación directamente proporcional (r=0.414, P= 0.0698) entre la temperatura y el número plantas infestadas, sugiriendo que a mayor temperatura mayor incremento poblacional de la plaga. Por el contrario, la relación entre la radiación fue inversamente proporcional (r= -0.338, P= 0.1448), indicando que a mayor radiación menor densidad poblacional de P. solenopsis. Conclusión. La mayor incidencia de P. solenopsis en el valle de Mexicali se presentó en los meses de agosto y septiembre. Las altas temperaturas incrementaron la densidad poblacional de la plaga y la alta radiación la disminuyó.

Las cuencas hidrográficas juegan un papel importante en el suministro de agua para el sector agropecuario, además de otras actividades económicas, sociales y ambientales del territorio provincial. El conocimiento climático es de gran importancia para el desarrollo sostenible de cualquier zona de estudio por lo que el objetivo de esta investigación es caracterizar climáticamente el área de la cuenca Hidrográfica Damují. Para la realización de este estudio se utilizaron los resultados preliminares del Atlas Agroclimático de la provincia Cienfuegos, la base de datos digital de todas las variables meteorológicas de 62 estaciones meteorológicas pertenecientes a la Red del Instituto de Meteorología y la rejilla 4x4 km utilizada ya en otros estudios climáticos y agrometeorológicos, tomando como período climático norma el 1991-2020. La temperatura media anual en la cuenca no experimenta una gran variación espacial con valores entre 24-25ºC en la mayor parte de su superficie, aumentando ligeramente en la porción sur con registros entre 25-26ºC. Las temperaturas mínimas en los meses de diciembre, enero y febrero pueden estar por debajo de los 16 ºC como promedio y las máximas pueden llegar a superar los 31.0 ºC como promedio anual en la mitad norte de la zona de estudio, no obstante, en los meses de julio y agosto estos pueden rebasar los 33.5 ºC como promedio. Los acumulados medios anuales de las precipitaciones alcanzan un total de 1422.1 mm. La información generada constituye una herramienta para los tomadores de decisiones que le permitirán adaptarse y enfrentar con mayores conocimientos el cambio y variabilidad climática.

En las últimas dos décadas, el ecosistema bosque semideciduo piemontano del Catamayo Alamor de la provincia de Loja, ha experimentado diversas amenazas antropogénicas. Simultáneamente, las alteraciones en la intensidad y duración de fenómenos meteorológicos como fenómenos asociados al cambio climático han generado variaciones en la dinámica de la vegetación a escala espacial y temporal. Bajo este contexto, el presente estudio tiene como objetivo analizar la variación espacial del NDVI con respecto a la temperatura, precipitación, elevación y pendiente, y su evolución temporal en función de la temperatura y precipitación en el período 2001 al 2018 en los bosques semideciduos. Se determinó la dependencia espacial empleando un semivariograma, y se cuantificó su rango y semivarianza a través del modelo esférico; para el análisis temporal se empleó ciclos estacionales y tendencias graficados en el software Timesat, dicho análisis fue complementado usando métodos estadísticos como correlación de Spearman. Los resultados revelaron que, el NDVI presentó dependencias espaciales mayores relacionadas con la temperatura y pendiente del terreno, que superaron ampliamente a las variables precipitación y elevación. Temporalmente, los inicios de los ciclos estacionales y tendencias se presentaron en sucesión cronológica. La correlación entre NDVI y temperatura es baja (0,22), y moderada en la precipitación (0,53). Entre las principales conclusiones del estudio se puede mencionar: i) que existe una mayor dependencia espacial entre el NDVI con la precipitación y elevación en comparación con la temperatura y pendiente; ii) la baja correlación entre el NDVI y temperatura que debe ser analizada a mayor profundidad debido a que existen otras variables y anomalías climáticas que posiblemente influyen en la variación del NDVI, y iii) el hallazgo en la sucesión en el inicio de cada ciclo estacional de las variables de estudio revela la importancia de nuevas líneas de investigación relacionadas al estudio del ecosistemas por los beneficios que estos generan.

Winter presents environmental and energetic challenges for temperate insectivorous bats as colder temperatures increase metabolic rates while simultaneously reducing resource availability. While bats in northern regions typically hibernate or migrate to circumvent these adverse conditions, there is growing evidence of winter bat activity as weather permits. Bats at lower latitudes may experience shorter, milder winters, increasing opportunities for activity. To better understand the relationship between ambient temperature and winter bat activity, we deployed acoustic detectors in central Louisiana and eastern Texas and examined data at 3 levels of biological organization: overall bat activity, species richness, and species-specific activity. Across 1,576 detector-nights, we recorded 37,435 bat passes. Bats responded positively to warmer temperatures but the temperature threshold for winter activity varied among species, ranging from 7.2 to 15.6 °C. Consequently, observed species richness increased at warmer ambient temperatures. With activity linked to environmental conditions in a species-specific manner, different subsets of the winter bat assemblage may be active from night to night. Additionally, our study adds to a rather limited body of literature of winter bat activity and provides a baseline for future studies as white-nose syndrome and climate change affect North American bat populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) is a highly lethal cardiovascular disease that affects the heart, being the biggest cause of mortality in Brazil and the world. AMI is a multicausal chronic disease, where the individual's unhealthy habits are related to the high incidence of cases. Other factors that affect the increase in AMI cases are environmental, such as temperature and pollution. To analyze the association between mortality from Myocardial Infarction (AMI) and extreme temperature values, using generalized linear models (GLM). We used AMI mortality data collected through the Municipal Mortality Information Program (PRO-AIM), which monitors daily mortality records for several cases in the city of São Paulo. Daily mortality data from chapter IX - Diseases of the Circulatory System classified by the International Disease Code (ICD-10) were used and within this chapter we selected the set (I-20 to I-25) that corresponds to diseases linked to (AMI) from 1999 to 2014. Meteorological data were acquired at the meteorological station of the Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics (IAG) of the University of São Paulo (USP). To analyze the association of mortality with temperatures, a generalized linear model was used using the quasi-Poisson method and distributed lag models. As a result, we found a high relative risk (RR=1.20; CI: 1.04 - 1.49) for cold, where the risk was present in the 21 days after exposure, whereas for heat, the risk was recorded for temperatures above 33°C for the first days of exposure to temperature. Bearing in mind that emergency care for cases of AMI can prevent deaths, a better understanding of the importance of weather can allow the development of alert systems with emergency care services and the targeting of campaigns to prevent risk factors avoidable risks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In the central Mexican Pacific, there are few studies on asteroid ecology. These species are generally distributed randomly, although in some cases groups or aggregations can be found. In Los Arcos, south of Puerto Vallarta, in Bahía de Banderas, Mexico, Luidia bellonae was observed for the first time in a massive aggregation in 2021. Objective: To report the new record of this species in this region of the Mexican Pacific and its massive aggregation event. Methods: Transects and surveys were carried out to quantify the density and measure the sea star individuals in Los Arcos, Bahía de Banderas during 2021, 2022, and 2023. Results: Average densities of 2.65 ind/m2 and up to 7 ind/m2 were found. In total, in the approximate area of 900 m2, 630 individuals were registered. The specimens measured (R) between 2 and 12 cm, and most measured between 4 and 8 cm. Conclusions: L. bellonae has been reported in different places in some states of the Mexican Pacific; however, it was not registered for Bahía de Banderas nor Los Arcos, nor in the amount reported here, therefore this is the first record for the species with a massive presence for the Mexican Pacific. The appearance of the large number of L. bellonae specimens in Los Arcos in 2021 could have been the result of a combination of factors, including the low water temperature, with values up to 15 °C, and the high amount of nutrients. This finding demonstrates the need for more studies on echinoderms and marine species to understand the influence of environmental conditions on their life cycle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The results of the research related to the transformation of organic waste of different nature, through biodigester bales, are presented below.5 bales of approximately 1m3 were assembled with the following waste types: No0 (plant material), No1 (plant material+composting inoculum), No2 (plant material+Genesis®), No3 (plant material+goat manure), and No4 (plant material+coffee waste). The bales were made through non-probability sampling for convenience, because limited supply of waste at the time of the investigation (Pandemic). They were built with a 1t/m3 compaction system and monitored for 20 weeks, measuring height and temperature. Prior to its disassembly, samples were taken to determine the physicochemical composition, and organisms present. It was found that bale No. 0 was the one that presented the best behavior in terms of height, followed by bales 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. Bale No. 4 presented a better C/N ratio due to the high concentrations of organic carbon in coffee. It is concluded that the resulting material cannot be classified as organic fertilizer according to NTC 5167 of 2022, because not all the parameters comply. However, organic matter and major and minor elements are at optimal values to be classified as soils for agricultural crops. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article shows the details of the design and implementation of a wireless sensor network (WSN) system, through the use of an Arduino prototyping platform and Lora communication modules, to collect soil humidity, temperature, and PH data in a fruit crop. Data is captured and stored to generate a time series of data to improve decision-making when variation in the essential nutrient application was required. The case study was a parcel in the village of Piedra Larga, in the municipality of Ciénega - Boyacá, where the WSN was deployed that collects the data and allow a visual representation to compare with reference levels and determine the nutrient level requirements. An irrigation monitoring system is implemented by applying artificial intelligence to assist the farmer with two key tasks: i) the activation of the drip irrigation system seeking the efficient use of water, and ii) improving fruit production by controlling the percentage of nutrients. The mobile application shows real-time data monitoring of environmental and soil variables, for the analysis of results and the concentrations of the nutrient mixture together with the drip control to be applied to the crop. An optimal estimation of the required nutrient concentrations was estimated from a neural network to simplify and improve the efficiency of the farmer's agricultural activities, such as saving water consumption by 40% and improving fruit production by up to a 30% [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research article introduces a microcontroller-based prototype system called the Battery Health Monitoring System (BHMS), designed to evaluate the health and condition of lead-acid batteries. The focus of the study is on utilizing the Internet of Things (IoT) for real-time battery monitoring. The system incorporates various sensors to track and record critical parameters such as current, voltage, power drain, state of charge (SOC), temperature, and overall battery health. These sensors are configured to trigger an alert when any monitored parameters fall below predefined values. The study aims to validate the effectiveness of the proposed low-cost system in real-time monitoring of lead-acid batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary objective of this research was to evaluate boar ejaculate variability and the occurrence of anomalies in spermatozoa, considering climatic factors during spermatogenesis breed, and utilization frequency. This study involved 17 boars (n=129 ejaculates) and fertility testing was conducted during the most critical period of the year, from August to October. The observed sperm characteristics included: ejaculate volume (VOL), sperm concentration (CON, spermatozoa/ml), total number and number of functional spermatozoa (NT, NF), percentage of sperm motility in the native ejaculate and after dilution (MOTN, MOTD), number of produced doses (NPD), percentage of dead and live spermatozoa (PM, PZ), and sperm anomalies. The assessment of the effect was performed using a General Linear Model procedure. The breed did not influence sperm variability, while the frequency of boar utilization impacted on the occurrence of secondary anomalies. The determined regression coefficient indicated that extending the interval by one day increased PPPK by 0.340-0.348%. The maximum daily temperature during semen collection (model 1) and the value of the TH index during semen collection (model 3) influenced ejaculate volume. An increase of one °C in temperature, or one unit in THI value, led to a (p<0.05) increase in VOL by 3.540 ml and 2.798 ml, respectively. Furthermore, the maximum daily temperature (model 2) and the TH index value (model 4) at the beginning of the epididymal phase of spermatogenesis had an impact on semen motility, as well as the percentage of live and dead spermatozoa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Contextualization: Climatic conditions are determining factors of fruits quality at the time of harvesting and are defined by the physicochemical and physiological characteristics of the fruit. Knowledge gap: knowing the relationship between different variables that can affect the production of the Horvin plum variety. Purpose: To observe the effect of climatic conditions on some physicochemical and physiological characteristics of plum fruits Horvin variety from its set to harvest. Methodology: Thermo-hygrometers were installed in each location placed at four different altitudes in order to obtain the temperature and relative humidity during the observation period. Moreover, the precipitation was measured with pluviometers installed at each location. The fruits were removed from different branches of the middle part of the trees on each of the study days. Results and conclusions: Climatic conditions greatly influenced the growth anddevelopment of plum fruit. Changes in weight and size were observed from harvest to harvest in the four locations studied. It was observed that the climatic conditions of the first harvest, especially the temperature, and precipitation, were affected by the El Niño phenomenon. Thus, a difference was reached between the average temperature of 6 °C each month. In addition, there was a difference of 19 °C between the coldest and warmest months, respectively, with average annual precipitation values of 907.2mm concentrated from July to November. For the second harvest, the temperature decreased, and there was more precipitation in the zone with an average temperature of 7 °C, and an average maximum temperature of 22 °C each month with average annual precipitation values of 1100mm concentrated from April to July. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Entomología is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Entomología is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)