403 results on '"tanzimat period"'
Search Results
2. Osmanlı İç Borçlanma Sisteminde Modernleşme 1839-1881.
- Author
-
ÇAKMAK, HASAN ALI
- Abstract
Copyright of Kadim is the property of Kadim and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Ermeni Harfli Türkçe Roman Çevirilerinde Ahlak Kavramı.
- Author
-
Kara, Melek and Özcan, Lale
- Abstract
Copyright of I.U. Journal of Translation Studies / İstanbul Üniversitesi Çeviribilim Dergisi is the property of I.U. Journal of Translation Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. TANZİMAT DÖNEMİ OSMANLI HUKUKUNDA İSTİMLAK (KAMULAŞTIRMA) VE KONUYA DAİR MEVZUAT.
- Author
-
Korkmaz, Üyesi Salih and Kırnık, Cengizhan
- Abstract
Copyright of Selcuk Law Review / Selçuk Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Selcuk Law Review and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Cumhuriyet Dönemi Türkiye'sinde Felsefi Yaklaşımlar ve Etkili Olan Felsefe Akımları.
- Author
-
ERDEM, HÜSAMEDDIN and ERDEM, ÖMER FARUK
- Subjects
OTTOMAN Empire ,SPIRITUALISM ,MATERIALISM ,BIOLOGICAL evolution ,ENLIGHTENMENT - Abstract
Copyright of Beytulhikme: An International Journal of Philosophy is the property of Beytulhikme: An International Journal of Philosophy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Mathnawī-khwān Ahmet Cevdet Pasha (br. Lofca, March 26, 1823 / d. Istanbul, May 26, 1895)
- Author
-
Mustafa Kara
- Subjects
ahmet cevdet pasha ,tanzimat period ,mathnawī-khwān ,Philosophy. Psychology. Religion - Abstract
Some individuals dedicate their lives to a single area of endeavour, while others pursue a multifaceted approach. Those who excel in their chosen fields often leave a positive legacy, influencing others through their work, ideas and students. Conversely, those who fail to achieve similar success may leave behind a legacy of negative associations due to envy, greed or personal interests. Those who follow in their footsteps often draw inspiration from their predecessors' deeds, evaluating them according to their own perspectives. Ahmet Cevdet Pasha is one of the individuals who occupied numerous roles during the Tanzimat period of the 19th century, leaving a legacy of positive contributions to the fields of science, thought, law, education, history, and politics.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Eğitimin Modernleşmesi Bağlamında Tanzimat Dönemi Yeni Muhafazakâr Aydın ve Dini Bireyselleşme
- Author
-
İbrahim Gümüşay
- Subjects
sociology of religion ,modernization ,education ,individualization ,tanzimat period ,new conservative intellectual ,din sosyolojisi ,modernleşme ,eğitim ,dini bireyselleşme ,tanzimat dönemi ,yeni muhafazakar aydın ,Philosophy. Psychology. Religion - Abstract
Sosyolojinin ve din sosyolojisinin önemli konularından biri olan modernleşme, yaşam biçimlerini etkilediği gibi dini anlama ve yorumlama biçimlerinde birtakım zihniyet değişimlerine yol açmıştır. Bu zihniyet değişimi sonucu birey, aklının yüceltildiği ve iradesinin öneminin vurgulandığı bir "aktör" şeklinde tanımlanmış, bu rolünün gereği olarak geleneksel din anlayışlarına karşı dinin modern yorumunu ortaya koymayı amaçlamıştır. Türkiye'de bütün kurumsal alanlarda ilk modernleşme çabalarının görüldüğü Tanzimat döneminde Osmanlı Devleti, yaşanan askeri başarısızlıklara çözüm olarak kurumsal yapılarını Batı'nın bilim ve tekniğini örnek alarak yenileme ihtiyacı hissetmiş, bu durum modern kültürün Osmanlı toplumunda yer edinmesinin yolunu açmıştır. Modern kültürün aktarımında eğitim, hem yeni bir dünya görüşü hem de bireysel tutum kazandırma açısından önemli bir işlev üstlenmiştir. Tanzimat döneminde modern değerleri benimseyen muhafazakar kesim, İslam'ın inanç ve ibadet gibi temel esaslarının geleneksel anlayış biçimlerini çeşitli eleştirilere tâbi tutmuş, reddedilen geleneksel din anlayışının yerine modern değerle uyumlu yeni yorum biçimleri ortaya koymaya çalışmıştır. Dini bireyselleşme olarak değerlendirilen bu tutum, "Yeni Muhafazakar Aydın" olarak adlandırılan bir aydın tipini ortaya çıkarmıştır.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. ERMENİ HARFLİ TÜRKÇE ROMANLARDA DİN KURUMU VE ÇAĞDAŞI ARAP HARFLİ ROMANLARLA KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI.
- Author
-
AKDENİZ, Safiye
- Subjects
- *
EPISTOLARY fiction , *RELIGIONS - Abstract
This article studies some Turkish novels written in Armenian letters before the first Turkish novels in Arabic letters were published in order to examine the far-reaching social effects of Westernization/modernization. Close readings of Akabi Hikâyesi (1851), Karnig, Gülünya ve Dikran'nın Dehşetlu Vefatleri Hikâyesi (1862) and Bir Sefil Zevce (1868) demonstrate how Westernization/modernization affected the institution of religion and how this is reflected in literary texts. This study also examines how this issue was handled in the first novels written by Muslim Ottoman writers and the two sets of novels are compared in this respect. In both sets of novels, the change originated from the West. Modernism began earlier in Armenian society, which had strong ties to the Western world. In the Armenian community, where the sectarian divisions were much sharper, the change led to a conflict between the church and the proponents of modernization. Armenian writers dealt with this conflict in their texts. In the Muslim Ottoman society, these effects began a little later. The religious institution was affected by this, but this effect was often not mentioned or simply ignored in the texts. In the said texts, not much reference is made to the existence of this institution, and it is defended or reckoned with in a limited manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
9. Eğitimin Modernleşmesi Bağlamında Tanzimat Dönemi Yeni Muhafazakâr Aydın ve Dini Bireyselleşme.
- Author
-
GÜMÜŞAY, İbrahim
- Abstract
Modernization, which is one of the important subjects of sociology and sociology of religion, has affected the way of life as well as led to some mental changes in the way of understanding and interpreting religion. As a result of this mentality change, the individual was defined as an “actor” in which his mind was exalted and the importance of his will emphasized, and as a requirement of this role, he aimed to reveal the modern interpretation of religion against traditional religious understandings. In the Tanzimat period, when the first modernization efforts were seen in all institutional areas in Turkey, the Ottoman Empire felt the need to renew its institutional structures by taking the science and technique of the West as a solution to the military failures, and this situation paved the way for modern culture to take a place in the Ottoman society. In the transmission of modern culture, education has undertaken an important function in terms of gaining both a new worldview and an individual attitude. In this article, it has been seen important how the Tanzimat period, which is historically accepted as the beginning of modernization in Turkey, had an impact on the individualization of religion. In this study, using the literature review method, the effort to search for the modern interpretation of Islam of the “Intellectual” segment, who has a modern consciousness and has a modern consciousness, has been discussed. As a result, the conservative segment, which adopted modern values during the Tanzimat period, subjected the traditional understanding of the basic principles of Islam such as belief and worship to various criticisms, and tried to put forward new forms of interpretation compatible with modern values instead of the rejected traditional understanding of religion. This attitude, which is considered as religious individualization, has revealed a type of intellectual called "New Conservative Intellectual". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. OSMANLI DEVLET İDARESİNDE KAMU TÜZEL KİŞİLİĞİ KAVRAMININ GELİŞİMİ.
- Author
-
SUNAR, Sinan
- Subjects
- *
MUNICIPAL services , *NINETEENTH century , *OTTOMAN Empire , *TWENTIETH century , *JUSTICE administration , *PUBLIC administration - Abstract
Public legal personality is a concept on which the discipline of law still has not reached a consensus. The concept, which consists of the combination of individual and legal person elements in the legal system, has come to the fore with the modern state structure, but there are still discussions about its criteria. Many public services carried out by foundations in the pre-modern period became the services provided by the state with the modern state structure, and this service expansion and diversity necessitated the formation of different types of public legal entities. Legal entities are entities that are independent of the founding persons, which have rights and competencies similar to real persons. In the study, which was prepared by using the literature review, the development of the concept of public legal entity in the Ottoman state administration was tried to be discussed. It is clear that formation processes need to be examined in order to understand administration and institutional structures. In the study, which was prepared with the argument that it is important to determine the developments in the Ottoman Empire in order to understand the public legal personality, which is one of the administrative and legal concepts in the Republican period in Turkey, the developments related to the subject starting from the Tanzimat Period until the collapse of the state were tried to be revealed. It is understood that these structures, the infrastructure of which was prepared with the establishment of the modern state structure and almost the entirety of the 19th century, went through a preparatory process in a sense, although it is accepted that they existed in different forms before the modern period, they achieved their closest form to today's understanding thanks to the arrangements made at the beginning of the 20th century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. BİR ENDÜSTRİ MİRASI, KOCAELİ ÇUHA FABRİKASI BACALI AMBARI.
- Author
-
KAHRAMAN, Gülçin and BODUROĞLU, Banu
- Subjects
LOST architecture ,WORLD War I ,OTTOMAN Empire ,BOMBINGS ,CHIMNEYS ,LOCAL foods - Abstract
Copyright of TÜBA-AR: Turkish Academy of Sciences, Journal of Archaeology is the property of Turkish Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Translation adventure of French crime novel in Turkey.
- Author
-
ÇİMEN KARAYÜREK, Esra and DEMİR, Yasin Murat
- Subjects
MYSTERY fiction ,TURKISH language ,TRANSLATIONS ,CULTURAL identity - Abstract
Copyright of RumeliDE Journal of Language & Literature Research / RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of RumeliDE Uluslararasi Hakemli Dil & Edebiyat Arastirmalari Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. HUKUKİ VE SİYASİ-İDARİ AÇIDAN TANZİMAT DÖNEMİ GELİŞMELERİNİN DEMOKRASİYE KATKISI.
- Author
-
ULUÇ, A. Vahap and KAAN, Oğuz
- Subjects
- *
ETHNIC discrimination , *NEW democracies , *LOCAL government , *RULE of law , *PUBLIC institutions , *RELIGIOUS discrimination - Abstract
Turkey's democracy adventure is almost as old as the history of modernization. Because the institutions and rules needed by democracy emerged with modernism. Therefore, it is possible to take the first examples of the democracy process back to the Tulip Era. However, the period in which the institutions and rules that will contribute to the development of democracy are embodied in the Tanzimat Period, in which the modernization move intensified. Democracy is defined as a regime that is based on popular sovereignty, based on the rule of law, considers everyone as a citizen without making any religious or ethnic discrimination among citizens, is organized according to the principle of division of powers, and powers are shared between central and local actors. In this sense, the reforms made in the Tanzimat Period took the lead in shaping the institutions and legal regulations needed by democracy, which would find its meaning in the Republican Period. The principals in the Tanzimat Edict and Islahat Edict and legal arrangements, assemblies formed in order to put the principles into effect have made very serious contributions to democracy. Ensuring the safety of people's life and property, the limitation of the Sultan's powers, the reflection of the will of the people on the administration through the established assemblies, the legal regulations imported from European countries regarding social and economic life, the efforts to transform local governments into Western-style institutions reveal the contribution of the Tanzimat Reforms to democracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. OSMANLI DEVLET BÜTÇELERİNİN ANALİZİ: 1909-1918 BÜTÇELERİ ÜZERİNE BİR ANALİZ.
- Author
-
Toraman, Cengiz, Sönmez, Adem Ruhan, and Toraman, Aysun
- Subjects
BUDGET deficits ,OTTOMAN Empire ,INTERVENTION (International law) ,DIRECT taxation ,TAX collection - Abstract
Copyright of Accounting & Financial History Research Journal / Muhasebe ve Finans Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi. is the property of Association of Accounting & Financial History Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
15. OSMANLI DEVLETİ'NDE GAYRİMÜSLİM HALKIN AİLE YAPISI ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME: TANZİMAT DÖNEMİ DİYARBEKİR ÖRNEĞİ.
- Author
-
SOLAK, İbrahim and GÜLENÇ, Ahmet
- Subjects
- *
MARITAL status , *OTTOMAN Empire , *CULTURAL history , *POLYGAMY , *ISLAMIC law , *CHILD marriage - Abstract
Probate records are the documents in which all kinds of wealth and belongings transferred to their heirs in case of death of persons, are recorded in terms of their type, quantity, and values. The fact that, their location, family information, property, debit, credit, and total wealth of deceased persons were included in the registers made these registers essential sources of administrative, social, economic, and cultural history research of the Ottoman Empire. The study which is prepared based on the data in probate registers of non-Muslim people in the Tanzimat Period in Diyarbakir was examined. Issues such as marriage types, marital status, locations, and relationship of their wealth to the number of children of Armenian, Assyrian, Chaldean and Greek communities who were residing in Diyarbakir during this period were discussed. As a result of the study, it was found that non-Muslims applied to the Sharia court at the point of sharing their estate, they mostly live in the city center, they do not have polygamy and they have an average of 4.78 children per family. In this study, the probate records of 109 non-Muslims in the probate registers which were numbered 280, 281, 293, 296, 297, 308, 353, 377 and 576 belonging to the Tanzimat Period of Diyarbakir and obtained from the Presidential Ottoman Archives were utilized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Between men, time and the state: education of girls during the Late Ottoman Empire (1859–1908).
- Author
-
Eren Aydınlık, Badegül and Kenan, Seyfi
- Subjects
- *
EDUCATION of girls , *OTTOMAN Empire , *HISTORY of education , *TANZIMAT, 1839-1876 , *GENDER differences in education , *RELIGIOUS education , *HOME economics , *SCHOOL children - Abstract
Women's education becomes a prominent issue in the Ottoman Empire with the modern period, leading to the opening of the first modern public school for girls as a rüşdiyye (secondary) school. This article critically examines the curriculum of girls' rüşdiyyes from their foundation in 1859 until the beginning of the Second Constitutional Period in 1908. The formation, development and content of the curriculum are investigated both in terms of social demands, and in comparison with the curriculum of boys' rüşdiyyes. Curricula of girls and boys, women's magazines and magazines on education of the selected period were analysed via document review. As a historical case study evaluation, this study employs descriptive analyses to obtain and interpret results. We argue that women's education is perceived as a way of raising a moral generation, as well as keeping the family institution alive. When compared to boys', there are fewer courses and more simplified content in girls' curriculum. Although this gap closes in time, these curricula are still different regarding two aspects: domestic courses always exist, and religious content increases in girls' curriculum throughout this period. Accordingly, women are prioritised in social discipline and their disciplinisation is seen as a priority. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. NAMIK KEMAL VE AHMED MİDHAT EFENDİ’DE KADIN KÖLELİĞİNE BAKIŞ.
- Author
-
ATABAĞSOY, Naim
- Subjects
- *
SOCIAL status , *OTTOMAN Empire , *METADATA , *ENSLAVED women , *WOMEN'S writings , *SLAVERY - Abstract
Namık Kemal and Ahmed Midhat Effendi, through their works, present remarkable data for researchers about the course of Ottoman modernization. This study analyses comparatively how those authors, through their novels (İntibah [Awakening] written by Namık Kemal and Felâtun Bey ile Râkım Efendi [Felâtun Bey and Râkım Effendi] written by Ahmed Midhat Effendi) which were published in the same year –1876, show an approach to the case of enslavement and social status of women in Ottoman modernization period. Besides, the fact asserted by Şerif Mardin that one of the two basic subjects discussed in first novels published through the Westernization period is the social status of women and another fact that in the societies which experience the modernization period, women’s social status is always a matter of debate, make it interesting to compare those two authors, who have significant roles in this period, through their novels both published in the same year. Within this scope, on one hand Namık Kemal seems to have a tendency for objectivation of women, especially the enslaved women, but on the other hand, Ahmed Midhat Effendi seems to have a more moderate discourse in this case. Thus, in the modernization process, the distinction between the two Ottoman intellectuals becomes clear. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. TANZİMAT DÖNEMİ EĞİTİM ISLAHATININ AYNASI: MAARİF-İ UMUMİYE NİZAMNAMESİNE DAİR MAZBATA (ESBAB-I MÛCİBE LAYİHASI)
- Author
-
Erol ÇİYDEM
- Subjects
tanzimat dönemi ,eğitim islahatı ,maarif-i umumiye nizamnamesi ,esbab-ı mûcibe layihası ,tanzimat period ,education reform ,regulations of general education ,the report of regulations of general education ,Special aspects of education ,LC8-6691 ,History (General) ,D1-2009 - Abstract
Tanzimat Dönemi (1839-1876), Osmanlı İmparatorluğu eğitim sisteminde ıslahatın en yoğun yaşandığı süreç olarak dikkat çekmektedir. 1845 yılından itibaren eğitim ıslahatına hız verilmiş, bu hızla birlikte eğitimin her basamağında devam eden ıslahat birtakım yeni problemleri beraberinde getirmiştir. Eğitim ıslahatında eksiklikler ve ihmaller, süreç içerisinde belli başlı uygulama ve düzeltmelerle telafi edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nda 1845 yılından itibaren hız kazanan eğitim ıslahatı sürecindeki büyük bir eksiklik olan hukuki altyapı ve çerçeve ise Maarif-i Umumiye Nizamnamesi ile oluşturulmak istenmiştir. Nizamname hazırlanırken yapılan müzakerelerde nizamnamenin gerekliliği ve nizamnamede yer alan hususlar ayrıntılı olarak ele alınmıştır. Nizamnamenin hazırlık süreci ve nizamnamenin yayımlanması konusundaki belgeler, dönemin eğitim ıslahatını birinci elden okuma fırsatı sunmaktadır. Bugüne kadar nizamname hakkında yapılan bilimsel çalışmalarda çoğunlukla ikincil kaynakların kullanılmış olması önemli bir eksikliktir. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı nizamnamenin mazbatasını (esbab-ı mucibe layihası) arşiv kaynaklarına dayalı olarak ortaya koymak ve bu mazbata üzerinden Tanzimat Dönemi eğitim ıslahatının analizini yapmaktır. Aynı zamanda Maarif-i Umumiye Nizamnamesinin ilan edildiği tarih konusu hakkında da yeniden bir değerlendirmede de bulunulmuştur. Tarihi araştırma metodu kullanılarak yapılan bu çalışmada veri toplama yöntemi olarak doküman incelemesi kullanılmıştır.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. TANZİMAT DÖNEMİNDE RÜŞVETLE MÜCADELE: AKİF PAŞA'NIN MUHAKEMESİ.
- Author
-
SAYDAM, Abdullah
- Subjects
OTTOMAN Empire ,TANZIMAT, 1839-1876 - Abstract
Copyright of History Studies (13094688) is the property of History Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Edhem Pertev Paşa'nın Birden Fazla Kadınla Evlilik Meselesini Müdâfaa Maksadıyla Kaleme Aldığı Itlaku'l-fkarf akdi'1-ebkâr İsimli Eseri (Transkripsiyon ve Değerlendirme).
- Author
-
DİNÇ, Emine Nurefşan
- Abstract
Copyright of Tahkik Journal of Critical Editions of Islamic Manuscripts is the property of Hacveyiszade Foundation for Science & Culture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Bartın’ın Ticari Hayatına Yön Veren Bedosaki Ailesinin Adının Karıştığı Ticari Yolsuzluklar (1890-1905).
- Author
-
Demir, Mine and Erçin, Arş. Gör Abdülkadir
- Subjects
OTTOMAN Empire ,TIMBER - Abstract
Copyright of History Studies (13094688) is the property of History Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. TANZİMAT DÖNEMİ’NDE NEŞREDİLMİŞ KISA ÖMÜRLÜ BİR MİZAH GAZETESİ: MEDDAH.
- Author
-
Yılmaz, Serhat Sabri and Avcu, Yakup
- Subjects
- *
ANONYMS & pseudonyms , *SOCIOCULTURAL factors , *WIT & humor , *PROCLAMATIONS , *SOLDIERS' letters ,TURKISH history - Abstract
Starting with the announcement of Edict of Tanzimat and ended with the First Constitutional Period, called the Tanzimat Period, covers a process in which innovations are experienced in many areas from social life to political life. With this period, Ottoman press emerged, as a result of this, humor journals also entered the public life one by one. Humor journals that do not see the value that they deserve in the history of Turkish press until its last periods, has started to become a subject of research by researchers today. Meddah journal, which entered the publication life in 1875 and published 32 issues, is not much different than the other humor journals of period in the perspective of shape and content, except the language and its style. Meddah is similar to other first term humor journals in terms of, drawing attention to social issues by avoiding political criticism, polemics with the other journals, oral cultural influence, including the letters of readers, writing articles with pen name etc. In this study; it’s aimed to identify and correct wrong discourses about the Meddah journal, which has not been found enough information about it until today, shed life on the social life of the period by giving detailed information about its content, and to determine its place in the history of Turkish press and humor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
23. A GLANCE AT TRANSLATION PHILOSOPHY AS A WESTERNIZATION MOVEMENT.
- Author
-
TÜRKMEN, Burcu
- Abstract
In the broadest sense, the philosophy is described as the scientific search for existence and knowledge. It develops by integrating with the language of a certain culture. When it is viewed from this respect, the translation is known as a device to provide intercultural interaction. However, on the basic level, translation is known as the transmission of the texts in a language with their forms, meanings and styles into a target language and/or culture. These transmission processes are also accepted as a part of the Westernization movement during the Tanzimat Period in the Ottoman Empire. During this period The Ottoman culture began to be involved in a cultural transformation by translating the novels and theatre plays from the Western cultures. In this study, it is aimed to analyse and evaluate the position of translation philosophy especially during the years before the establishment of The Republic of Turkey by comparing with the Western sources. If it is possible to translate the texts more than one form, the ideas of the translators and the interpreters gain importance. Thus, before and during the translation process, the ideal forms of the texts in the target language are thought and discussed in the minds of translators and interpreters, and the theories occur and the philosophical discourses appear. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
24. Tanzimat Döneminde Yolsuzlukla Suçlanan Bir Vali: Mehmed Vecîhî Paşa.
- Author
-
Saydam, Abdullah
- Subjects
GOVERNORS ,CORRUPTION ,TANZIMAT, 1839-1876 - Abstract
Copyright of History Studies (13094688) is the property of History Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. The understanding of education in the Tanzimat era as reflected in the Mecmûa-i Fünûn (journal)
- Author
-
Kılıçoğlu, Büşra, Demirel, Fatih, and Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü/Türkçe ve Sosyal Bilimler Eğitimi Anabilim Dalı/Sosyal Bilgiler Eğitimi Bilim Dalı.
- Subjects
Eğitim tarihi ,Mecmûa-i Fünûn ,Education history ,Ottoman ,Tanzimat period ,Tanzimat Dönemi ,Cemiyet-i İlmiye-i Osmâniye ,Osmanlı - Abstract
19. yüzyılda Osmanlı Devleti’nde eğitim alanı da dahil olmak üzere birçok alanda köklü reformlar yapılmıştır. Osmanlı orduları girmiş olduğu savaşlarda yenilgiye uğrayınca devlet adamları yapılacak olan yeniliklerde önceliği askerî alana vermişlerdir. Mühendishâne-i Bahrî-i Hümayun ve Mühendishâne-i Berrî-i Hümayun ile eğitim ve öğretim kurumlarında modernleşme başlamıştır. Sultan II. Mahmud döneminde modern eğitim kurumları açılmaya devam edilmiştir. Sultan Abdülmecid tahta çıktıktan sonra 1839’da Tanzimat Fermanı’nı yayımlatmıştır. Bu fermanda eğitim ile ilgili bir konuya değinilmemiş olmasına rağmen yapılmak istenilen yeniliklerin kalıcı olabilmesi için eğitim almış, bilgili bir topluma gerek olduğu düşünülmüştür. 1856 yılında yayımlanan Islahat Fermanı’nda ise Avrupa’nın eğitim ve bilim gibi alanlarından yararlanılacağı belirtilmiştir. Bu çalışma beş bölümden oluşmuştur. Birinci bölümde araştırmanın problem durumu, araştırma soruları, araştırmanın konusu ve amacı, araştırmanın önemi ve araştırmanın sınırlılıklarından bahsedilmiştir. İkinci bölümde literatür; üçüncü bölümde yöntem; dördüncü bölümde araştırmadan elde edilen bulgulara yer verilmiştir. Osmanlı Devleti’nde açılan ilk modern okullardan kısaca bahsedilerek Tanzimat dönemi eğitim özellikleri ve tarihi gelişimi ele alınmıştır. Cemiyet-i İlmiye-i Osmâniye’nin kuruluşu, amaçları ve faaliyetleri; cemiyetin yayın organı olarak Temmuz 1862’de neşredilmeye başlanan Mecmûa-i Fünûn adlı dergi incelenmiştir. Sonuç bölümünde bu dergideki yazılar doğrultusunda Tanzimat Dönemi eğitim anlayışının oluşum süreci bir yönüyle ortaya konulmuştur. Radical reforms were made many fields, including the field of education, in the Ottoman Empire in the 19th century. When the Ottoman armies were defeated in the wars they entered, the statesmen gave priority to the military field in the innovations to be made. Modernization in education and training institutions started with Mühendishâne -i Bahrî-i Hümayun and Mühendishâne-i Berrî -i Hümayun. In the period of Mahmud II, modern educational institutions continued to be opened. After Sultan Abdülmecid took the throne, he published the Tanzimat Edict in 1839. Although a subject related to education was not mentioned in this edict, it was thought that an educated and knowledge able society was needed in order for the innovations to be made to be permanent. In the Reform Edict published in 1856, it was stated that European education and science would be utilized. This study consists of five chapters. In the firstpart, the problem situation of there search, research questions, the subject and purpose of there search, the importance of there search and the limitations of there search are mentioned. Literature in these condpart method in the third part; In the fourth chapter, the finding so btained from there search are given. In the fourth chapter, the first modern schools opened in the Ottoman Empire are briefly mentioned. The educational characteristics and historical development of the Tanzimat era are discussed. Foundation, aims and activities of Cemiyet-i İlmiye-i Osmâniye Journal of Mecmûa- i Fünûn, which started to be published in July 1862 as the publication organ of the society, was examined. In the conclusion part, the formation process of the Tanzimat Era education approach is revealed in one aspect in line with the articles in this journal.
- Published
- 2023
26. AHMET MİTHAT EFENDİ'NİN "FENNÎ BİR ROMAN YAHUT AMERİKA DOKTORLARI" VE "RİKALDA YAHUT AMERİKA'DA VAHŞET ÂLEMİ" ROMANLARININ EĞİTİM-MEDENİYET İLİŞKİSİ...
- Author
-
YILDIZ, İpek
- Abstract
Copyright of Journal of International Social Research is the property of Journal of International Social Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. TANZİMAT DÖNEMİ OSMANLI EĞİTİM SİSTEMİ.
- Author
-
BAŞKAN, Şenay and ÇAY, Abdulhaluk Mehmet
- Abstract
Copyright of Journal of International Social Research is the property of Journal of International Social Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. OSMANLI DEVLETİ'NDE UYGULANAN ADEM-İ MERKEZİYETÇİ BİR YÖNETİM MODELİ: MİLLET SİSTEMİ.
- Author
-
DEMİR, Konur Alp
- Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Social Sciences Institute / Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi is the property of Bingol University / Rectorate and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. EBÜZZİYÂ TEVFÎK'İN NE EDÂT-I NEFYİ HAKKINDA TETEBBUÂT ADLI ESERİ ÜZERİNE.
- Author
-
MUTLU, Gamze
- Abstract
Copyright of Electronic Turkish Studies is the property of Electronic Turkish Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Development of the Concept of Publıc Legal Personality in the Ottoman State Administration
- Author
-
Sinan SUNAR
- Subjects
Social ,General Medicine ,Kamu Tüzel Kişiliği ,Osmanlı Devlet İdaresi ,Tanzimat Dönemi ,Hukuk ,Kamu Yönetimi ,Sosyal ,Public Legal Personelity ,Ottoman State Administration ,Tanzimat Period ,Law ,Public Administration - Abstract
Kamu tüzel kişiliği, hukuk disiplininin üzerinde halen uzlaşı sağlayamadığı bir kavramdır. Hukuk sistemi içerisinde kişi ve tüzel kişi unsurlarının bileşiminden oluşan kavram, modern devlet yapılanmasıyla gündeme gelmekle beraber kriterleri konusunda halen tartışmalar devam etmektedir. Modern öncesi dönemde vakıflar tarafından yürütülen birçok amme hizmeti modern devlet yapılanmasıyla devletin sunduğu hizmetler haline gelmiş, bu hizmet genişlemesi ve çeşitliliği farklı türlerde kamu tüzel kişilerinin oluşumunu da gerektirmiştir. Tüzel kişiler, gerçek kişilere benzer şekilde hak ve ehliyete sahip kurucu kişilerden bağımsız yapılardır. Literatür taraması kullanılarak hazırlanan çalışmada Osmanlı devlet idaresinde kamu tüzel kişiliği kavramının gelişimi ele alınmaya çalışılmıştır. İdareyi ve kurumsal yapıları anlamak için oluşum süreçlerinin incelenmesi gerektiği açıktır. Türkiye’de Cumhuriyet dönemindeki idari ve hukuki kavramlardan biri olan kamu tüzel kişiliğinin anlaşılabilmesi için Osmanlı Devleti’ndeki gelişmelerin belirlenmesinin önemli olduğu savıyla hazırlanan çalışmada, Tanzimat Dönemi’nden başlayarak devletin yıkılışına kadar olan konuyla ilgili gelişmeler ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Modern devlet yapılanmasının kurulmaya başlamasıyla altyapısı hazırlanan ve 19. yüzyılın tamamına yakını bir anlamda hazırlık süreciyle geçen bu yapıların, modern dönem öncesinde de farklı şekillerde var olduğu kabul edilse de günümüzdeki anlayışa en yakın halini 20. yüzyılın başında gerçekleştirilen düzenlemeler sayesinde elde ettiği anlaşılmaktadır., Public legal personality is a concept on which the discipline of law still has not reached a consensus. The concept, which consists of the combination of individual and legal person elements in the legal system, has come to the fore with the modern state structure, but there are still discussions about its criteria. Many public services carried out by foundations in the pre-modern period became the services provided by the state with the modern state structure, and this service expansion and diversity necessitated the formation of different types of public legal entities. Legal entities are entities that are independent of the founding persons, which have rights and competencies similar to real persons. In the study, which was prepared by using the literature review, the development of the concept of public legal entity in the Ottoman state administration was tried to be discussed. It is clear that formation processes need to be examined in order to understand administration and institutional structures. In the study, which was prepared with the argument that it is important to determine the developments in the Ottoman Empire in order to understand the public legal personality, which is one of the administrative and legal concepts in the Republican period in Turkey, the developments related to the subject starting from the Tanzimat Period until the collapse of the state were tried to be revealed. It is understood that these structures, the infrastructure of which was prepared with the establishment of the modern state structure and almost the entirety of the 19th century, went through a preparatory process in a sense, although it is accepted that they existed in different forms before the modern period, they achieved their closest form to today's understanding thanks to the arrangements made at the beginning of the 20th century.
- Published
- 2022
31. REFLECTIONS OF THE ECONOMICS-MANAGEMENT RELATIONSHIP IN THE TANZIMAT PERIOD ON ADMINISTRATIVE REFORM POLICY: AN ASSESSMENT IN THE FRAMEWORK OF LAW, FINANCE AND PROPERTY RELATIONS
- Author
-
Sinan SUNAR
- Subjects
Kamu Yönetimi ,Public Administration ,Tanzimat Period ,Administrative Reform ,Law ,Finance ,Property ,General Medicine ,Tanzimat Dönemi ,İdari Reform ,Hukuk ,Maliye ,Mülkiyet - Abstract
19. yüzyılın ikinci çeyreğinden itibaren hızlanan reform süreci Tanzimat Dönemi’yle birlikte önemli bir boyuta ulaşmıştır. Öncelikle yönetim düşüncesindeki değişimle birlikte Klasik Dönem’de padişahın şahsıyla bütünleşik bir meşruiyet anlayışı temelinde oluşturulan devlet ve onun bahşettiği statülerle meydana gelen toplumsal ilişkiler yerini merkezî bürokrasinin etkinliği ve onların çıkardığı kanun ve nizamnâmeler ölçüsünde oluşan meşruiyet ve toplumsal ilişkilere bırakmıştır. Böylelikle Klasik Dönem’de padişahın üstlendiği rolü bir anlamda merkezî bürokrasi üstlenmiş ve toplumsal refah ve adaleti sağlamaya çalışmıştır. Bürokrasi bu yeni düzeni meydana getirirken iktisadi gelişme, vergilere merkez olarak el koyma ve kaynakları geliştirme, dış dünyayla uyumlu bir idari yapı oluşturma amaçlarıyla hareket etmiş, reformları da bu çerçevede hayata geçirme uğraşı vermiştir. Çalışmanın amacı Tanzimat Dönemi idari reform siyasetinin hukuk ve maliye ile Osmanlı idari yapılanmasının temelini oluşturan toprak rejiminin dönüşümüne etkilerini ortaya koymaktır. Literatür taraması yönteminden yararlanılan çalışma sonucunda süreci etkileyen en önemli konuların yeni bir üretim ve mülkiyet ilişkileri temelinde oluşturulacak iktisadi sistemle uyumlu idari ve mali sistem ve bunların dünya iktisadi sistemiyle olan eşgüdümünün sağlanması olduğu görülmüştür. Bu bağlamda idari reformlar merkeziyetçi bir yapı içerisinde hukuki, mali düzenlemelerle bunların belki de en belirleyici unsuru olan özel mülkiyet ilişkileri temelinde oluşturulmaya çalışılan yeni bir toprak rejimi çerçevesinde gerçekleştirilmiştir., The reform process, which accelerated from the second quarter of the 19th century, reached an important dimension with the Tanzimat Period. First and foremost, with the change in the idea of administration, the state, which was formed on the basis of an integrated understanding of legitimacy with the sultan in the Classical Period, and the social relations that emerged with the statuses bestowed upon him, were replaced by the legitimacy and social relations formed within the scope of the efficiency of the central bureaucracy and the laws and regulations enacted by them. Thus, in a sense, the central bureaucracy undertook the role of the sultan in the Classical Period and tried to provide social welfare and justice. While the bureaucracy was creating this new order, it acted with the aim of economic development, seizing taxes as a center and developing resources, creating an administrative structure in harmony with the outside world, and tried to implement the reforms within this framework. The aim of the study is to reveal the effects of the administrative reform policy of the Tanzimat Period on the transformation of the law, finance and the land regime which is the basis of the Ottoman administrative structure. As a result of the study using the literature review method, it has been seen that the most important issues affecting the process are the administrative and financial system compatible with the economic system to be created based on a new production and property relations, and their coordination with the world economic system. In this context, administrative reforms were carried out within the framework of a new land regime, which was tried to be formed based on legal and financial regulations in a centralized structure and private property relations, which is arguably the most determining element of them.
- Published
- 2022
32. Fransızca polisiye romanların Türkiyedeki çeviri serüveni
- Author
-
ÇİMEN KARAYÜREK, Esra and DEMİR, Yasin Murat
- Subjects
Crime novel ,influence of French detective novel ,Tanzimat Period ,Linguistics ,Dil Bilim ,Polisiye roman ,Fransız polisiyesinin etkisi ,Tanzimat Dönemi - Abstract
The inclusion of crime novel, which have only lately been acknowledged as a literary genre in the history of world literature, in academic studies dates back to recent history. It is thought that it is challenging to give the crime novel a precise definition, as it has many sub-genres and different forms of creation, which is defined as the novel that chooses its subject from the events falling under the jurisdiction of the police in the Dictionary of the Turkish Language Institution. It is necessary to evaluate this book genre, which emerged in the 19th century, in the historical and cultural conditions of that period. This genre, which is regarded to be the main factor of industrial cities, was initially written in the style of a classic book but subsequently evolved into a distinct category with set guidelines. It took the 1960s for crime novel to be adopted as a competent genre by literary critics. In this study, it is explained how the crime novel genre, which has recently attracted the attention of critics, emerged, how it spread all over the world, and how French crime novels in Turkey, in particular, had an impact on crime novels in Turkey through translation. Additionally, the introduction of this genre into our literary system through translation in the Tanzimat Period as well as its development process are included., Dünya edebiyat tarihinde son zamanlarda edebî bir tür olarak kabul edilmeye başlanan polisiye eserlerin akademik çalışmalara konu olması yakın tarihlere dayanmaktadır. Türk Dil Kurumu Sözlüğünde, konusunu polisin görev alanına giren olaylardan seçen roman şeklinde tanımlanan ve birçok alt türü ve farklı oluşturulma biçimleri olduğundan, polisiye romana sabit bir tanımlama yapılmasının zor olduğu düşünülmektedir. 19. Yüzyılda ortaya çıkan bu roman türünü, o dönemin tarihî ve kültürel şartlarında değerlendirmek gerekmektedir. Sanayi şehirlerinin temel etken olduğu düşünülen bu tür ilk önce klasik roman gibi yazılmaya başlamış olsa da daha sonra kesin kuralları olan belirgin bir kategoriye dönüşmüştür. Polisiye romanın, edebiyat eleştirmenleri tarafından yetkin bir tür olarak benimsenmesi 1960’lı yılları bulmuştur. Bu çalışmada, son zamanlarda eleştirmenlerin dikkatini çeken polisiye roman türünün nasıl ortaya çıktığı, tüm dünyaya nasıl yayıldığı ve Türkiye özelinde Fransızca polisiye eserlerin Türkiye’deki polisiye eserleri çeviri yoluyla nasıl etkilediği açıklanmıştır. Ayrıca bu türün edebiyat dizgemize Tanzimat Döneminde çeviri yoluyla girişine ve gelişim sürecine de yer verilmiştir.
- Published
- 2022
33. TANZİMAT DÖNEMİ EĞİTİM ISLAHATININ AYNASI: MAARİF-İ UMUMİYE NİZAMNAMESİNE DAİR MAZBATA (ESBAB-I MÛCİBE LAYİHASI).
- Author
-
ÇİYDEM, Erol
- Abstract
Copyright of Turkish History Education Journal (TUHED) is the property of Ahmet Simsek and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
34. 19. YÜZYIL OSMANLI DEVLETİ'NDE KENTLEŞME: YÖNETSEL REFORMLAR İLE OSMANLI AYDINLARININ KENT ÜZERİNE İZLENİMLERİNE DAYALI KARŞILAŞTIRMALI BİR İNCELEME.
- Author
-
BAYRAM, Pınar
- Abstract
Copyright of EUL Journal of Social Sciences / LAÜ Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi is the property of EUL Journal of Social Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
35. The Contribution Of The Legal Political-Administrative Developments Of The Tanzimat Period To The Democracy
- Author
-
ULUÇ, A.vahap and KAAN, Oğuz
- Subjects
Osmanlı Devleti ,Tanzimat Dönemi ,Demokrasi ,Hukuk ,İdare ,Social ,Ottoman Empire ,Tanzimat Period ,Democracy ,Law ,Administration ,Sosyal - Abstract
Türkiye’nin demokrasi serüveni neredeyse modernleşme tarihi kadar eskidir. Çünkü demokrasinin ihtiyaç duyduğu kurum ve kurallar modernizm ile birlikte ortaya çıkmıştır. Dolayısıyla demokrasi sürecine ilişkin ilk örnekleri Lale Devri’ne kadar götürmek mümkündür. Ancak demokrasinin gelişimine katkıda bulunacak kurum ve kuralların ete kemiğe büründüğü dönem modernleşme hamlesinin yoğunluk kazandığı Tanzimat Dönemi’dir. Demokrasi, halk egemenliğine dayanan, hukukun üstünlüğünü esas alan, vatandaşlar arasında din, etnik ayırımı yapmadan herkesi yurttaş olarak gören, kuvvetler ayrılığı ilkesine göre teşkilatlanmış, yetkilerin merkez ile yerel aktörler arasında paylaştırıldığı bir rejim olarak ifade edilir. Tanzimat Dönemi’nde yapılan reformlar bu anlamda Cumhuriyet Döneminde anlamını bulacak demokrasinin ihtiyaç duyduğu kurumların ve yasal düzenlemelerin biçimlenmesinde ön ayak olmuştur. Tanzimat Fermanı ve Islahat Fermanı'nda geçen ilkeler ile bu iki belgede geçen ilkeleri yürürlüğe koymak bağlamında yapılan hukuki düzenlemeler ve oluşturulan meclisler demokrasiye çok ciddi katkılar sunmuştur. Kişilerin can ve mal güvenliğinin sağlanması, Padişahın yetkilerinin sınırlandırılması, kurulan meclisler aracılığı ile halk iradesinin yönetime yansıması, sosyal ve ekonomik hayata ilişkin Avrupa ülkelerinden ithal edilen yasal düzenlemeler, yerel yönetimlerin Batı tarzı kurumlara dönüştürülme çabaları Tanzimat Dönemi reformlarının demokrasiye katkısını ortaya koymaktadır., Turkey's democracy adventure is almost as old as the history of modernization. Because the institutions and rules needed by democracy emerged with modernism. Therefore, it is possible to take the first examples of the democracy process back to the Tulip Era. However, the period in which the institutions and rules that will contribute to the development of democracy are embodied in the Tanzimat Period, in which the modernization move intensified. Democracy is defined as a regime that is based on popular sovereignty, based on the rule of law, considers everyone as a citizen without making any religious or ethnic discrimination among citizens, is organized according to the principle of division of powers, and powers are shared between central and local actors. In this sense, the reforms made in the Tanzimat Period took the lead in shaping the institutions and legal regulations needed by democracy, which would find its meaning in the Republican Period. The principals in the Tanzimat Edict and Islahat Edict and legal arrangements, assemblies formed in order to put the principles into effect have made very serious contributions to democracy. Ensuring the safety of people's life and property, the limitation of the Sultan's powers, the reflection of the will of the people on the administration through the established assemblies, the legal regulations imported from European countries regarding social and economic life, the efforts to transform local governments into Western-style institutions reveal the contribution of the Tanzimat Reforms to democracy.
- Published
- 2022
36. The Political imagination of Münif Pasha, Minister of Education in the tanzimat period of Abdülhamid II
- Author
-
GÜRMAN, Sadettin and NEÜ, Ahmet Keleşoğlu İlahiyat Fakültesi, İslam Tarihi ve Sanatları
- Subjects
Siyaset ,Social ,Münif Pasha ,Tanzimat Devri ,Münif Paşa ,Politics ,Osmanlı Devleti ,Batılılaşma ,Münif Paşa,Osmanlı Devleti,Tanzimat Devri,Batılılaşma,Siyaset ,Ottoman Empire ,Westernization ,Sosyal ,Tanzimat Period - Abstract
Makale, Münif Paşa (1830-1910) Tanzimat devrinin siyasî ve kültürel konjonktüründe yetişen Osmanlı Devleti’nin modernleşmesi ve batılılaşması süreçlerinde siyasal, kültürel ve eğitimsel etkinliklerde, kritik görevler alan entelektüel bir isim olarak karşımıza çıkar. O, batının hızlı tekâmülü karşısında gerileyen Osmanlı Devleti’nin yüzleşme ve hesaplaşma sürecinde gerçekçi tavrı, dirâyetli duruşu, teknik önerileri ve raporlarıyla siyaset, eğitim ve düşünce dünyamızda mühim bir yer işgal eder. Münif Paşa doğu-batı karşılaşmasında içe dönüp yüzleşmemizi en rasyonel bir biçimde izleyebildiğimiz şahsiyetlerden biridir. Kendisi Sultan II. Abdülhamid Han tarafından zor zamanlarda üst seviye görevlere atanmıştır. Bu görevlerden biri olan Maârif Nâzırlığı vazifesinden olsa gerek daha çok eğitimci kişiliği ile tanınan Münif Paşa, içinde bulunduğu çalkantılı dönemin siyasî sorunları hakkında da imâl-i fikirde bulunmuştur. Ancak bu siyasî yönünün daha ziyade geri planda kaldığı görülmektedir. Oysa o, maarifi sadece okur yazarlık faaliyeti olarak görmemiş insan yetiştirmenin de ötesinde hedeflere namzet telakkî etmiştir. Münif Paşa’ya göre maârif terakkînin anahtarı, milletçe terakkî kurtuluşun reçetesidir. Bu doğrultuda ilk sıraya pozitif bilgiyi koyarak eğitimi yaygınlaştırmayı, bilgi edinmeyi ve bilinç kazanmayı amaçlamış böylece milletçe terakkîyi gerçekleştirmeyi hedeflemiştir. Bu yöndeki gayretleri ilk cemiyet çalışmaları, ilk mecmua çalışmaları ve ilk felsefi çeviriler gibi öncü çalışmalarla bezelidir. İlim ve fikir dünyasına ait izleri ve sosyal hayata yansımalarını matbuatında, çevirilerinde ve hatıratında bulmak mümkündür., Münif Pasha (1830-1910) appeared as an intellectual who took critical roles in political, cultural and educational activities in the modernization and westernization processes of the Ottoman Empire, who grew up in the political and cultural conjuncture of the Tanzimat period. He occupies an important place in our world of politics, education and thought with his realistic attitude, prudent stance, technical suggestions and reports in the confrontation and reckoning process of the Ottoman Empire, which regressed in the face of the rapid evolution of the West. Münif Pasha is one of the personalities that we can watch in the most rational way of our confrontation in the east-west encounter. He is Sultan II. He was appointed to senior positions by Abdulhamid Han in difficult times. Münif Pasha, who is more known for his educator personality, probably from the duty of the Ministry of Education, which is one of these duties, also made an idea about the political problems of the turbulent period he was in. However, it is seen that this political aspect is rather in the background. However, he did not see education as just a literacy activity, but considered it a candidate for goals beyond raising people. According to Münif Pasha, the key to education and progress is the recipe for national progress. In this direction, it aimed to disseminate education, gain knowledge and raise awareness by placing positive knowledge in the first place, thus aiming to realize progress as a nation. His efforts in this direction are adorned with pioneering works such as the first community studies, the first journal studies, and the first philosophical translations. It is possible to find traces of the world of science and ideas and their reflections on social life in his press, translations and memoirs.
- Published
- 2022
37. TANZİMAT DÖNEMİ TİYATRO UYARLAMALARININ DİLDE SADELEŞME HAREKETİ AÇISINDAN ÖNEMİ.
- Author
-
BULUT, Sibel
- Abstract
The adaptation method used from the Latin poets is a translation method referenced to ensure the equivalence between source and target text, using in the translation process when encountered incompatibilities with the language and culture. This method which was used by Western world while building the national languages and literatures in age of enlightenment, has seen demand in our national literary canon from the Tanzimat period. Translation activity of Tanzimat period which accelerated with the westernization movements the adaptation method has often been referred by installing many functions especially in the theater adaptation. In this period by using adaptation method, both the entrance and settlement of the Western theater which is missing literary genre in the native literary system became easier and our writers, who are strangers to the Western theater technique benefit from the adaptation as a pen experience. In this period theatre adaptations writing by the playwrights like as Ahmet Vefik Pasha, Ali Bey and Teodor Kasap, language was localized and simplified by using words, proverbs and idioms of local dialect. Thus the theatre adaptations of Tanzimat period has played an important role not only in theater literature but also in simplifying language of prose. This study examines language of Tanzimat period theater adaptations in light of the relationship between adapting method and language localization and reveals the importance of these adaptations in terms of language simplification movement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Recaizade Mahmut Ekrem'in Atala Çevirisini Biçimlendiren Kültürel ve Estetik Kaygılar.
- Author
-
Arslan, Nihayet
- Subjects
AESTHETICS ,FRENCH language ,TANZIMAT, 1839-1876 ,CULTURAL history ,MANNERS & customs - Abstract
Copyright of bilig: Journal of Social Sciences of the Turkish World is the property of bilig: Journal of Social Sciences of the Turkish World and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
39. Between men, time and the state : education of girls during the Late Ottoman Empire (1859–1908)
- Abstract
Women’s education becomes a prominent issue in the Ottoman Empire with the modern period, leading to the opening of the first modern public school for girls as a rüşdiyye (secondary) school. This article critically examines the curriculum of girls’ rüşdiyyes from their foundation in 1859 until the beginning of the Second Constitutional Period in 1908. The formation, development and content of the curriculum are investigated both in terms of social demands, and in comparison with the curriculum of boys’ rüşdiyyes. Curricula of girls and boys, women’s magazines and magazines on education of the selected period were analysed via document review. As a historical case study evaluation, this study employs descriptive analyses to obtain and interpret results. We argue that women’s education is perceived as a way of raising a moral generation, as well as keeping the family institution alive. When compared to boys’, there are fewer courses and more simplified content in girls’ curriculum. Although this gap closes in time, these curricula are still different regarding two aspects: domestic courses always exist, and religious content increases in girls’ curriculum throughout this period. Accordingly, women are prioritised in social discipline and their disciplinisation is seen as a priority.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. LETAİF-İ RİVAYAT'TA FELSEFÎ DÜŞÜNCELER.
- Author
-
ZEKA, Semih
- Abstract
Copyright of Journal of International Social Research is the property of Journal of International Social Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. MİHNETKEŞAN HİKÂYESİ'NİN SÖZ VARLIĞI ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME.
- Author
-
GÜNEŞ, İsmail Teoman
- Abstract
Copyright of Electronic Turkish Studies is the property of Electronic Turkish Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. RETRANSLATED WORKS AMONG TRANSLATED LITERATURE OF THE TANZIMAT PERIOD
- Author
-
Esra Birkan BAYDAN
- Subjects
novel translations in ottoman times ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 ,retranslations ,tanzimat period ,Social Sciences ,retranslation hypothesis ,turk - Abstract
This paper intends to explore retranslations from Western languages to Ottoman Turkish, between Tanzimat Period and Second Constitutional Era. Retranslation examples found in bibliographic works constitute the subject matter of analysis. Telemak, which is regarded as the first novel translated into Ottoman Turkish, is also among retranslated works listed. Fénelon’s Telemaque was first translated by Yusuf Kamil Paşa, and retranslated by Ahmet Vefik Paşa. Other novels in the list which had been translated more than once are; İki Kadın (Deux Femmes), Jeneviyev (Geneviève), Rafael (Raphael), Pol ve Virjini (Paul et Virginie), Robenson ( Robinson Crusoe), La Dam o Kamelya (La Dame Aux Camelias), Urani (Uranie), Kontes Sera (La Comtesse Sarah), Manon Lesko (Manon Lescaut) and Güliver’in Seyahatleri’dir (Gulliver’s Travels). Retranslations which are listed will then be explored through extratextual analysis in order to understand the reason behind retranslating certain works from the Western literature in a short time span. Given the fact that novels were a novelty in Ottoman literary system, certain works which had already been translated were retranslated by different translators at short intervals. “Retranslation hypothesis” constitutes the conceptual framework of this paper.
- Published
- 2019
43. Tanzimat Dönemi’nde Edebi Muhalefet
- Author
-
ERDEM, Çiğdem and ÇETİNKAYA, Satuk Buğra
- Subjects
literary opposition ,siyasal edebiyat ,Fen ,tanzimat dönemi ,i̇deoloji ,lcsh:HB71-74 ,Science ,tanzimat period ,ideology ,kültür ,lcsh:Economics as a science ,lcsh:Business ,culture ,political literature ,edebi muhalefet ,Literary Opposition,Tanzimat Period,Culture,Ideology,Political Literature ,Edebi Muhalefet,Tanzimat Dönemi,Kültür,İdeoloji,Siyasal Edebiyat ,lcsh:HF5001-6182 - Abstract
Tanzimat Dönemi kültürel anlamda önemli değişiklikleriberaberinde getirmiştir. Özellikle Islahat Fermanı sonrası gazete aracılığı ilebaşlayan edebi muhalefet uyandırdığı etkiler ve kamuoyunun gelişimi ile berabersiyasal bir anlam kazanmıştır. Ancak bu anlamların gerisinde edebi niteliklerideğişen bir kültür dünyasının yattığı ortadadır. Ortaya konan eserlerinreformlara karşı duranları veya mevcut reformistleri yermekten öteye geçtiğiaçıkça öne sürülebilir. Bu durum layihalarda görülen önerilerden farklı olarakbelirli bir fikre, toplum görüşüne ve bilince dayanması yöneyle de önemliölçüde siyasal bir niteliğe sahiptir. Edebi muhalefet, edebiyatın ideolojikyeniden üretiminde önemli bir anlam taşıması açısından da teknik değişiminiaşmış, sosyal ve siyasal işlevleri -kimlik, birey ve toplum ile ilgili- olan bir kisveye sahip olmuştur., The Tanzimat Period brought about importantcultural changes. The literary opposition, which began with the newspaper afterthe Islahat Fermanı, gained political meaning with the effects it aroused andthe development of public opinion. However, it is clear that behind thesemeanings there is a cultural world whose literary qualities change. It can beargued that the literary works outlined aim at more than criticizing theopponents of reform or the existing reformists. This situation, unlike thesuggestions seen in the explanatory document, has a significant politicalcharacter from the point of view of a certain idea, community view andconsciousness. The literary opposition has had a social and political functionwhich has exceeded its technical change in terms of having an important meaningin the ideological reproduction of literature.
- Published
- 2019
44. Tanzimat dönemi (1876-1908) Anadolu merkez vilayetlerdeki hükümet konaklarının mimari özelliklerinin değerlendirilmesi
- Author
-
Kurt Ceylan, Fehminaz Sueda, Reyhan, Kader, and ESOGÜ, Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi, Mimarlık Anabilim Dalı
- Subjects
Kütahya ,Mimari Üslup ,Government House ,Ottoman Architecture ,Architectural Style ,Hükümet Konağı ,Architectural Features ,Neoklasik Mimari ,Neoclassical Architecture ,Osmanlı Mimarisi ,Tanzimat Dönemi ,Mimari Özellikler ,Tanzimat Period - Abstract
Osmanlı Devleti’nin idari alanda yapmış olduğu birtakım yenilikler 19. yüzyılda yoğunlaşmıştır. Bu yenilikler batıya yönelerek yapılmış ve Tanzimat Dönemi reformları olarak adlandırılmıştır. Tanzimat Dönemi reformları ile siyasal ve toplumsal alanda düzenlemeler yapılmıştır. Bu durum merkez ve taşra teşkilatında yeni kamusal yapıların yapılmasını da sağlamıştır. Devletin otoritesini temsil eden kamusal yapılar, merkez teşkilatında bakanlık binası olarak ortaya çıkarken, taşrada hükûmet konağı olarak kendini göstermiştir. Taşra teşkilatı, hükûmet konakları ile merkezdeki bakanlıklara bağlanarak merkezî otorite artırılmaya çalışılmıştır. Taşrada devletin otoritesini temsil eden hükûmet konakları sahip oldukları mimari üslup ile de devletin modern bir kimlik kazanmasına yardımcı olmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı; taşra imar faaliyetlerinde yapılan hükûmet konağı binalarının mimari üslubunu incelemektir. Bu bağlamda, belirlenen yedi hükümet konağı, mimari özellik, konum ve temsiliyet çerçevesinde tekil ve bütünsel olarak incelenmiştir. İnceleme sonucunda hükûmet konakları birbirleri ile çaprazlanarak karşılaştırılmıştır. Bu çerçevede hükûmet konağı benzerlik ve farkları ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Hükümet konakları, mekân, cephe kurgusu, yapım tekniği, malzeme kullanımı ve mimarinin temsiliyeti ile dönemin ve taşra mimarisinin mimari özelliklerini yansıtmaktadır. Bunun yanı sıra yapılan çalışma, Osmanlı taşra yerleşimlerinde kendilerine has özelikler gösteren kamu yapılarının, gelecekte yapılabilecek mimari üslup ve tipolojik inceleme araştırmaları için ayrıca katkı sunması açısından büyük önem taşımaktadır Some innovations made by the Ottoman Empire in the administrative field concentrated in the 19th century. These innovations were made by turning to the west and called the reforms of the Tanzimat Period. With the reforms of the Tanzimat Period, political and social arrangements were made. This situation also enabled the construction of new public structures in the central and provincial organizations. While the public structures representing the authority of the state emerged as the ministry building in the central organization, it showed itself as the Government Office in the provinces. The provincial organization was connected to the ministries in the center with the government offices and the central authority was tried to be increased. Government offices, which represent the authority of the state in the countryside, also help the state to gain a modern identity with their architectural style. This study aims to examine the architectural style of government offices in provincial development activities. In this context, seven government offices in the selected provinces were examined individually and holistically within the framework of architectural features, location and representation. As a result of the examination, the government offices were crossed and compared with each other. In this framework, similarities and differences between the government offices were tried to be revealed. Government houses reflect the architectural features of the period and provincial architecture in terms of space, facade system, construction technique, use of materials, and representation of architecture. In addition, the study is of great importance in terms of contributing to future studies as an architectural style and typological examination on public buildings with unique characteristics in Ottoman provincial settlements
- Published
- 2021
45. TANZİMAT DÖNEMİ ŞEHİR TARİHİ ÇALIŞMALARI ÜZERİNE BİR DENEME.
- Author
-
YILMAZ, Özgür
- Published
- 2015
46. TANZİMAT DÖNEMİ'NDE BİR AYDIN OLARAK AHMET MİTHAT EFENDİ VE DÜŞÜNCE.
- Author
-
ŞEREF, İzzet
- Subjects
TURKISH literature ,SOCIAL reformers ,INTELLECTUALS ,TANZIMAT, 1839-1876 - Abstract
Copyright of Journal of International Social Research is the property of Journal of International Social Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
47. OSMANLI SANAYİSİNİN ÇÖKÜŞÜ.
- Author
-
KOTAN, Alparslan
- Subjects
TURKEY industry ,TEXTILE industry ,WORLD War I ,ECONOMIC conditions in Turkey ,BRITISH foreign relations ,TANZIMAT, 1839-1876 ,TWENTIETH century ,NINETEENTH century ,HISTORY ,BRITISH history - Abstract
Copyright of Türk Dünyası Araştırmaları is the property of Turk Dunyasi Arastirmalari Vakfi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
48. Several Attempts to Establish a State Bank in the Ottoman Empire in 1854–1863
- Subjects
Социално-икономическа история на Османската империя ,Танзимат ,История на банковото дело ,Отоман банк ,Socio-economic History of the Ottoman Empire ,Tanzimât Period ,History of Banking ,Imperial Ottoman Bank - Abstract
This article view at the first attempts to create a state bank in the Ottoman Empire. The beginning could be made in 1854, with British bankers making their first proposal until the sultry. Until the first state bank was actually established Imperial Ottoman Bank in 1863. The documents on which the text is based are: promulgated laws, documents relating to the First State Bank, Tsarigradskiya vestnik, Takvîm-i vekÂyi. Attention is also paid to the spread of the kaime-i mutebere-i nakdiye / paper money since 1840. All models presented for the creation of a state bank are presented by model: origin of the proposal, bank capital, representative, vision for development. On this basis, an analysis is made that the Ottoman Empire became aware of: the use of paper money (kaime), converting it into a standard monetary system (based on a monetary system), ending counterfeiting with them, and establishing banking institutions. The changes in the capital market of the empire during the same period were: issuance of modern debt securities, creation of companies in the form of joint stock companies, both domestic debt securities and the stock exchange, where the company shares and bonds will be traded. With these innovations, the Ottoman Empire completely changed its current financial system. For over twenty years, the High Gate has been trying to set up a stateowned bank jointly with foreign capitals. This became a fact in 1863.
- Published
- 2020
49. Ahmed Cevdet Paşa'nın hayatı ve siyasî faaliyetleri (1823-1895)
- Author
-
Fettahoğlu, Kübra, Akyıldız, Ali, and Tarih Anabilim Dalı
- Subjects
Tarih ,History ,Ahmet Cevdet Pasha ,Biyografi ,Biography ,Politics ,Tanzimat Period - Abstract
Bu tez, tarihçi, hukukçu ve âlim kimliğiyle tanınan Ahmed Cevdet Paşa'nın mülkî görevleri ve siyasî kariyerine odaklanan bir biyografi çalışmasıdır. Aynı zamanda, Paşa'nın kendi hayatı, siyasî çevresi ve olaylar hakkında yazdıklarının çoğunlukla eleştirilmeden doğru kabul edilmesine karşı çıkma çabasıdır. Paşa'nın merkez ve taşra bürokrasisinde yaptıkları, kendi yazdıkları ile arşiv belgelerini, süreli yayınları, hatıratları ve literatürü mukayese eden eleştirel bir yöntemle ortaya konulmuş ve yaklaşık yarım asırlık devlet memuriyetinin Paşa'yı nasıl şekillendirdiği sorusuna da cevap aranmıştır. Genellikle muhafazakar-reformist bir Sünnî Müslüman kimliğiyle öne çıkarılan Paşa'nın, devletin çıkarları için mekân ve zaman bağlamlarında seküler araçları kullanabildiği, kavramları amaçlarına yönelik olarak çarpıtabildiği, değişen kişisel ilişkilerine göre olayları teleolojik şekilde kurgulayabildiği ve otobiyografisinde kendisini soyutlamaya çalıştığı meselelerin tam da ortasında bulunabildiği somut örneklerle tespit edilmiştir. Bu bağlamda tartışılmaz bir otorite olarak görülen Paşa'nın özellikle Tezâkir ve Ma'rûzât'ta anlattıklarının kaynak değerinin sorgulanması ve ihtiyatla kullanılması gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır. This dissertation is a biography work which focuses on the civil duties and political career of Ahmed Djevdet Pasha, who is known as historian, jurist and scholar. At the same time, it is an effort to object to the fact that Pasha's writings about his life, political environment and events are mostly accepted without criticism. Pasha's activities in the provincial and central bureaucracy has been presented by a critical method comparing his own writings and archival documents, periodicals, memoirs and literature. It has also been sought answer to the question of how a half-century civil service shapes Pasha. It has been determined by concrete examples that Pasha who is often considered as a conservative-reformist Sunni Muslim, could use secular tools in the context of place and time for the interests of the state, distort the concepts for his purposes, construct events in a teleological way according to his altered personal relationships and take place in the middle of the matters that he tried to isolate himself from. In this context, it has been concluded that the source value of what told in Tezâkir and Ma'rûzât of the Pasha, who is considered an indisputable authority, should be questioned and used with caution. 429
- Published
- 2020
50. Tevfik Hasan, Hayâlât-ı Dil (inceleme-metin)
- Author
-
Gülbağ, Saliha, Erkal, Abdulkadir, Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı Ana Bilim Dalı, and Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi
- Subjects
Alegori ,Geçiş Eseri ,Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı ,Hasan Tevfik ,Transition Work ,Ottoman State ,Tanzimat Dönemi ,Turkish Language and Literature ,Tanzimat Period ,Allegory ,Critical Approach ,Modernleşme ,Eleştirel Yaklaşım ,Ottoman Period ,Modernization - Abstract
Çalışmamızda Hasan Tevfik Efendi'nin 1868 yılında yayımlanan Hayâlât-ı Dil adlı eserinin transkripsiyonu yapılmış ve eser, şekil ve muhteva özellikleri bakımından incelenmiştir. Tanzimat Dönemi'nde yazılmış olan eser, dönem özellikleri göz önünde bulundurularak ele alınmıştır. Bu çalışma giriş ve üç bölümden oluşmaktadır. Giriş bölümünde tezin konusu ve amacı, çalışmanın yöntemi, eser ve eserin yazıldığı dönem incelenmiştir. Birinci bölümde yazarın hayatı ve eserleri hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. İkinci bölüm eserin şekil ve muhteva özelliklerini içermektedir. Üçüncü bölümde ise çeviri yazı işaretleri ve transkripsiyonlu metin yer almaktadır. Çalışmanın sonuna metnin tesisinde takip edilen yol, bütün bu çalışmanın neticesinde ortaya çıkan sonuç, çalışma sırasında yararlanılan kaynaklar ve tıpkıbasım eklenmiştir.Anahtar Kelimeler: Hasan Tevfik, Tanzimat Dönemi, Geçiş Eseri, Modernleşme, Eleştirel Yaklaşım, Alegori. In our study, Hasan Tevfik Efendi's work named Hayâlât-ı Dil, which was published in 1868, was transcribed and the work was examined in terms of shape and content features. The work which was written in Tanzimat Period was handled by taking into consideration the features of the period. This work consists of introduction and three parts. In the introduction part, the subject and the objective of the thesis, its method, the work and the period in which the work was written were examined. In the first part, the information about the writer's life and his works was given. The second part consists of the work's shape and content features. In the third part, translation text marks and the transcribed text take place. At the end of the study, the way followed in the setting up the text, the result that revealed from all this study, the sources benefitted from during the study and facsimile were added. Key Words: Hasan Tevfik, Tanzimat Period, Transition Work, Modernization, Critical Approach, Allegory. 181
- Published
- 2020
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.