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Pediatric high-grade gliomas (pHGGs), including hemispheric pHGGs and diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs), harbor mutually exclusive tumor location-specific histone mutations. Using immunocompetent de novo mouse models of pHGGs, we demonstrated that myeloid cells were the predominant infiltrating non-neoplastic cell population. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), flow cytometry, and immunohistochemistry illustrated the presence of heterogeneous myeloid cell populations shaped by histone mutations and tumor location. Disease-associated myeloid (DAM) cell phenotypes demonstrating immune permissive characteristics were identified in murine and human pHGG samples. H3.3K27M DMGs, the most aggressive DMG, demonstrated enrichment of DAMs. Genetic ablation of chemokines Ccl8 and Ccl12 resulted in a reduction of DAMs and an increase in lymphocyte infiltration, leading to increased survival of tumor-bearing mice. Pharmacologic inhibition of chemokine receptors CCR1 and CCR5 resulted in extended survival and decreased myeloid cell infiltration. This work establishes the tumor-promoting role of myeloid cells in DMG and the potential therapeutic opportunities for targeting them. [Display omitted] • Driver mutations and tumor location shape the immune composition of high-grade gliomas • Immune-suppressive disease-associated myeloid cells are enriched in H3.3K27M DMG • Myeloid-derived CCL8 and CCL12 skew microglia toward disease-associated phenotypes • CCR1 and CCR5 inhibition reduces TAM infiltration and extends survival in DMG The role of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in pediatric high-grade glioma (pHGG) remains highly understudied. Ross et al. find that tumor driver mutations uniquely shape the immune infiltrate and transcriptional profiles of TAMs. Interferon signaling in TAMs is critical for the anti-tumor immune response, and TAMs can be phenotypically skewed or pharmacologically inhibited for enhanced anti-tumor immunity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper uses the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) framework to examine elements affecting technology acceptance in teacher education. By means of network and cluster analysis, we investigate the distribution, interactions, and importance of components influencing technology adoption among pre-service and in-service teachers. Following the PRISMA method, a thorough search of Scopus and Web of Science databases produced 32 publications for in-depth study. Key interactions among TAM variables were found using network analysis done in RStudio with the igraph tool. Our results underline in teacher education settings the importance of perceived utility, attitudes toward technology, and perceived ease of use. The study revealed certain topic groups including psychological and social elements, knowledge and occupational relevance, and pragmatic uses in learning environments. While pointing up possible study gaps in this field, the network analysis offers insights into important factors and relationships impacting instructors' technology uptake. This study helps to create efficient professional development programs meant to improve instructors' technological integration skills and enable the successful application of instructional technologies in their respective fields. Our results provide insightful direction for teachers and legislators creating focused initiatives to increase technology acceptance in learning environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) promote immune evasion, cancer cell proliferation, and metastasis. Ongoing research is focused on finding ways to prevent tumor growth by inhibiting TAM polarization, which has shown a correlation with unfavorable prognosis in clinical studies. Pancreatic adenocarcinoma up-regulated factor (PAUF) is a protein secreted from pancreatic cancer (PC) and acts as a TME modulator that affects the TME by acting on not only cancer cells but also stromal cells and immune cells. Tumor cells can evade the immune system by PAUF binding to Toll-like receptor (TLR) in monocytes, as this research shows. In this study, the examination centered around the recruitment of human monocytes by PAUF and the subsequent differentiation into macrophages. In an in vitro chemotaxis assay, PAUF induced chemotactic migration of TLR2-mediated monocytes. In addition, PAUF induced differentiation of monocytes into M2 macrophages, which was verified based on expressing surface markers and cytokines and morphological analysis. The inhibition of T cell proliferation and function was observed in differentiated M2 macrophages. To conclude, these findings indicate that PAUF functions as a promoter of cancer progression by regulating the recruitment and differentiation of macrophages within TMEs, ultimately causing immunosuppression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates how users' escapism motives and perceptions of technology influence their intentions to continue using metaverse platforms. To this end, a framework based on the technology acceptance model (TAM) is used to explore how the perceptions of two benefits—enjoyment and usefulness—as antecedents of continuance intention, are influenced by an individual's escape motivations (self-suppression and self-expansion) and technological characteristics. A total of 248 responses, collected via an online survey company, were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results emphasize the importance of both hedonic and utilitarian benefits in sustaining metaverse users. Moreover, users' self-expansion motive has a positive effect on continuance intentions, while self-suppression negatively impacts continuance intentions. The differences between platforms (Roblox and Zepeto) further explored the relationships of the variables in the model. This study enriches the literature on escapism and TAM and provides valuable insights for practitioners by highlighting the impact of users' motives on their intentions to continue using metaverse platforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Patients with lung cancer have a high incidence of tumor recurrence even after curative surgical resection. Some reports indicated that immunosuppressive cells induced by surgical stress could contribute to tumor recurrence after surgery; however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we found that increased postoperative blood monocytes served as a risk factor for tumor recurrence in 192 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We established the lung cancer recurrent mouse model after tumor resection and showed that the surgical stress immediately increased the level of serum monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), which subsequently increased blood monocytes. These blood monocytes were rapidly recruited into distant micrometastases and became tumor growth-promoting tumor associated macrophages (TAMs). Furthermore, even after the blood MCP-1 and monocytes decreased enough 72 h after tumor resection, TAMs in micrometastases remained rich because the MCP-1 secreted by micrometastases themselves continued to recruit monocytes around the tumor. Consequently, tumor resection triggered the outgrowth of distant metastases via the MCP-1–Monocyte–TAM axis. When we administered the MCP-1 inhibitor to the lung cancer recurrent model mice, blood monocytes decreased after tumor resection, and TAMs in micrometastases also dramatically decreased. Finally, peri- and postoperative treatment with the MCP-1 inhibitor suppressed distant metastases after surgery. Targeting the MCP-1–Monocyte–TAM axis may inhibit surgical stress-induced NSCLC recurrence by attenuating postoperative immunosuppressive monocytes in micrometastases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The acceptability of technology is an essential factor to consider, particularly in frontier areas that encounter challenges related to availability and limited educational resources. This study aims to evaluate the acceptance of physics learning tools in a virtual laboratory (V-Lab) platform, utilizing the POGIL strategy, referred to as the Physics Funbased mobile application. Mobile learning refers to the learning process carried out through mobile devices such as smartphones. The implementation took place at a senior high school located in West Papua Province, one of Indonesia's frontier areas, with 136 students participating. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) were employed in this quantitative study. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was implemented for data analysis. The findings indicated that Attitude (ATT) and Behavioral Intention (BI) were significantly influenced by Perceived Ease of Use (PEU) and Subjective Norm (SN), respectively, while Perceived Usefulness (PU) did not have a direct effect on ATT. As a result, to enhance the acceptance of technology, teachers and technology developers should prioritize enhancing ease of use and reinforcing social factors. This should be done with a particular emphasis on the social benefits and simple accessibility of technology in the learning process, particularly in frontier areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gliomas are the most common primary malignant tumours of the central nervous system (CNS), which are highly aggressive, with increasing morbidity and mortality rates year after year, posing a serious threat to the quality and expected survival time of patients. The treatment of gliomas is a major challenge in the field of neuro-oncology, especially high-grade gliomas such as glioblastomas (GBMs). Despite considerable progress in recent years in the study of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of GBMs, their prognosis remains bleak. Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) account for up to 50% of GBMs, and they are a highly heterogeneous cell population whose role cannot be ignored. Here, we focus on reviewing the contribution of classically activated M1-phenotype TAMs and alternatively activated M2-phenotype TAMs to GBMs, and exploring the research progress in reprogramming M1 TAMs into M2 TAMs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) have been implicated as a tumor microenvironment (TME) cell population, which may be playing a vital role in the inhibition of effective T cell responses in the prostate TME. In this manuscript, we leverage a novel microscale cell culture platform, known as Stacks, to investigate mono-, co-, and tri-culture TME models comprised of prostate tumor cell lines, primary macrophages, and autologous T cells from patients with prostate cancer. Through multiplexed analysis of these multi-cellular prostate tumor models, we capture a dynamic interaction between primary TAMs and activated T cells that resulted in reciprocal proinflammatory activation of both cell populations upon interaction. These findings suggest that activated T cells are capable of reprogramming immunosuppressive TAMs in the context of prostate tumor models and that TAM reprogramming may play a key supportive role in restoring proinflammatory T cell tumor responses in the prostate TME. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the drivers of e-commerce continuance intentions among older consumers in Latin America. It employs the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2) to develop and test a conceptual model of e-commerce adoption for older adults in Chile. Data were collected through an online survey involving 202 participants aged 65 and over. The findings reveal that attitude toward e-commerce and three UTAUT2 predictors—performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and social influence—are significantly related to e-commerce continuance intentions. Consumer innovativeness also has an indirect relationship through its impact on attitudes toward e-commerce. Additionally, facilitating conditions and habit are indirectly and significantly related to e-commerce continuance intentions through their influence on effort expectancy. However, hedonic motivation, perceived privacy risk, and health condition do not serve as significant predictors of e-commerce continuance intentions. This study enhances the understanding of older consumers' intentions to continue adopting e-commerce in a Latin American country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the historical and current contexts of threat assessment and violence risk in higher education, highlighting the evolving roles of college counseling centers in the threat assessment process for students displaying signs of concerning behaviors. Given research showing many college mental health professionals feel under-prepared for this work, we build foundational knowledge about the differing purposes of psychological evaluations and threat assessments, and provide recommendations for ways to continue to build and demonstrate understanding, competency and proficiency with threat assessments... Our review shares recent updates in the field regarding high-risk groups and the use of AI in assessment, and highlights the need for more attention to be given to training community members as well as counseling center staff and other members of campus teams involved in decision-making about students who threaten violence. We recommend the deliberate practice model of skill building to better prepare college mental health professionals when needing to respond under stress and pressure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Education for sustainability refers to educational policies that focus on shaping a sustainable future. Mobile learning software refers to the use of mobile applications through smart devices for promoting online learning. However, the effectiveness of such software in learning for sustainability depends on users' intention to adopt it. While there is growing interest in using mobile technology for sustainability education, empirical evidence on how personalized mobile software can influence users' attitudes and behaviors toward sustainable practices is limited. Thus, this study investigates the factors that affect users' acceptance of mobile learning technology in sustainability education, by integrating environmental awareness and personalization strategies into a modified model based on the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT). A total of 120 users participated in the survey. An empirical analysis of data was conducted using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to test the relationship between the variables of the model. The results showed that both environmental awareness and personalization strategies had a significant effect on users' behavioral intentions. In addition, hedonic motivation and habit exerted an effect on behavioral intention, contrary to effort expectancy and social influence. These findings confirm that a personalized mobile learning application related to environmental issues reveals as a powerful tool for supporting environmental education since such software appears to have high acceptance by the user. The significance of the study lies in its potential to inform the design and development of personalized mobile applications for sustainability education. The study contributes to the creation of more effective mobile applications that promote sustainable behavior and contribute to a more sustainable future by identifying the elements that influence user acceptance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The metaverse, an interactive and immersive 3D virtual environment, has recently become popular and is widely used in several fields, including education. However, the successful use of metaverse relies on the extent to which users intend to adopt and use it. Close examination of this critical issue reveals a lack of research that examines the effects of certain factors on users' intentions toward using metaverses. Thus, this study extends the technology acceptance model by integrating two constructs—perceived system quality and students' personal innovativeness. Using a survey to collect data, 164 responses were received from students at the University of Ha'il in Saudi Arabia. Two steps in structural equation modelling (SEM) using the AMOS software were applied to analyse the data and test the research hypotheses. The results revealed that perceived system quality had a significant effect on students' intentions to use metaverses through perceived ease of use. Furthermore, personal innovativeness had a significant effect on students' intentions through the perceived usefulness of the metaverse. In addition, perceived usefulness affected students' intentions to use a metaverse. Surprisingly, perceived ease of use had an insignificant effect on students' intentions to use the metaverse. Although the proposed model and its findings contribute to the technology acceptance model (TAM) literature, the study's practical value is significant because it can help educational policymakers and authorities to understand the effect of each factor and plan future strategies. Additionally, the findings of this study can assist practitioners, designers, and developers in designing and promoting the utilisation of metaverses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research explores how the eKatolik app is adopted and utilized within the Indonesian Catholic community, employing a modified Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) that incorporates additional variables such as information credibility, application content quality, computer experience, religious experience, and user satisfaction. Conducted in the Archdiocese of Jakarta with a sample of 400 participants, the research employed quantitative methods, with data analyzed using Smart PLS software. The findings indicate that application content quality and information credibility significantly enhance the app's perceived usefulness, promoting user adoption. Additionally, computer experience positively influences ease of use, improving user satisfaction and attitudes toward the app. Religious experience plays a pivotal role in integrating the app into spiritual practices. However, ease of use does not necessarily lead to perceived usefulness, and while information credibility does not directly affect user attitude, it indirectly increases user satisfaction. The study concludes that content quality, credibility, and tailored religious features are essential for fostering positive user acceptance and long-term engagement with spiritual applications. These findings offer practical insights for developers aiming to enhance the effectiveness and relevance of religious mobile applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Oral lichen planus is a well-known chronic inflammatory mucocutaneous disorder, which has clinical and histological presentation that mimics oral lichenoid reaction. According to the fifth edition of WHO, both conditions are considered as oral potentially malignant disorders. Recent studies on oral potential disorders documented deregulation of some signaling molecules related to the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Therefore this study aimed to compare the immune expression of β-catenin & CD163 in dysplastic /non-dysplastic cases of Oral lichen planus & oral lichenoid lesion. In addition, a statistical correlation between both immune markers was done regardless of the type of the study group. Methods: Four study groups were designated as 2 groups of Oral lichen planus (one dysplastic & one non –dysplastic) and the other 2 groups were oral lichenoid lesions (one dysplastic & one non –dysplastic). Ten cases in each group were collected and investigated by immunohistochemistry. The area percent of beta catenin and also counting of m2 macrophages expressing + CD163 marker was calculated in the study groups. Results: The Statistical analysis highlighted a statistically significant difference between the studied groups. Moreover, Pearson correlation test reported a significant moderate positive correlation between beta catenin & CD163 expression in the studied cases. Conclusion: Our findings supported new perceptions of the mechanism by which tumor associated macrophage specific β-catenin signaling promotes the aggressive behavior of oral potential malignant disorders. Clinical relevance: Evidence of the relationship between beta catenin and M2 macrophages (+ CD163) may enhance the development of macrophage-based strategies for treatment and improve the prognosis of such cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), fundamental constituents of the tumor microenvironment (TME), significantly influence cancer development, primarily by promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT endows cancer cells with increased motility, invasiveness, and resistance to therapies, marking a pivotal juncture in cancer progression. The review begins with a detailed exposition on the origins of TAMs and their functional heterogeneity, providing a foundational understanding of TAM characteristics. Next, it delves into the specific molecular mechanisms through which TAMs induce EMT, including cytokines, chemokines and stromal cross-talking. Following this, the review explores TAM-induced EMT features in select cancer types with notable EMT characteristics, highlighting recent insights and the impact of TAMs on cancer progression. Finally, the review concludes with a discussion of potential therapeutic targets and strategies aimed at mitigating TAM infiltration and disrupting the EMT signaling network, thereby underscoring the potential of emerging treatments to combat TAM-mediated EMT in cancer. This comprehensive analysis reaffirms the necessity for continued exploration into TAMs' regulatory roles within cancer biology to refine therapeutic approaches and improve patient outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rapid technological developments in recent years have led to the transformation and digitisation of financial services, resulting in a proliferation of neobanks. At the same time, the level of consumer acceptance is a key success factor for the widespread uptake of services offered by these branchless banks. Our research aims to understand the individual decision-making process of potential and current neobank users. By extending the widely used Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) with trust, this study seeks to explore the relationships between the factors influencing consumer intention to use neobank services. To answer the research questions, an online questionnaire survey was conducted in Hungary in 2022. The sample of 475 respondents was analysed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and our results showed that intention to use is directly influenced by attitude towards use, which in turn is positively influenced by trust, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. Based on these results, we suggest that neobanks should focus on developing positive attitudes towards their services by emphasising trust, reliability, ease of use and perceived usefulness of their services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increase in digital disruptions and changing preferences of different stakeholders has led to digital adoption in all hierarchies of business ecosystem. This study focused on the identification of the determinants of digitalization in unorganized small, localized retail outlets (Kirana stores) of an emerging economy. A theoretical model was constructed with certain modifications based on technology adoption models such as Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT2) to study the impact on business performance in general and as an effect of pandemic. A survey of 285 Unorganized Localized Retail Outlets Stores from different regions of India was used to validate this theoretical model, and structural equation modeling was then further employed. The findings underscore that cost, compatibility, perceived ease of use, and perceived usefulness significantly affect the intention to digitalize. By addressing the post-pandemic impact of digitalization within an unorganized sector in an emerging economy, this study adds to the scant literature that exists in this context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Along with the development of the Internet and the new generation of ICT, blended learning (BL), online learning, and experiential learning (EL) are supposed to be the internationalized trends in the teaching reform of applied higher education, especially the curriculum reform. Many teachers have implemented blended online courses, combining synchronous and asynchronous online teaching activities. This study utilizes MOOC resources and platforms, along with smart teaching tools and live streaming software, to integrate the concept of EL and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) into the entire process of pre-class, in-class, and after-class teaching, from the perspectives of both teachers and students, and constructs an online teaching model in a BL environment. It was applied in the "Management Consulting" course and validated through a mixed-method approach including questionnaire surveys and semi-structured interviews. The results indicate that students have a positive learning experience with the online teaching model in a BL environment, and there are generally no issues with the use of platforms and tools during the implementation process. Overall, students are satisfied. This study provides theoretical and practical guidance for blended online learning such as self-directed learning, active learning, efficient learning, and precise learning with students as the main learning body. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The technology of 3D-ICs has been widely used in designing core-based systems-on-chip (SoC), which comprises vertical stacking of multiple silicon and metal layers, interconnected using through-silicon vias (TSV). Testing of the embedded cores in such a device not only requires a specially designed test access mechanism (TAM) but proper scheduling of tests in order to minimize the overall test time. Because of the design constraints on the number of TSVs (TSV count), the accessibility to different layers is often compromised, leading to an increase in test time. Also, the energy consumed during the execution of tests mandates the deployment of thermal vias to facilitate heat dissipation from various layers. In this manuscript, a scheduling-based test time reduction scheme for post-bond testing of 3D SoCs is proposed, which aims to reduce the test time under the constraints on TAM width, TSV count, and power budget. We address this problem by proposing a new partitioning method for assigning the layers to cores satisfying these optimization criteria. The proposed method has been tested on several ITC-02 benchmarks, and results show a notable reduction in test time for most of the cases compared to previous work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CD74 is a transmembrane protein that functions as a specialized chaperone of HLA class II and CD74 in tumor cells was suggested to be involved in cell proliferation in several kinds of malignant tumors. CD74 is also known to be expressed in macrophages, therefore, we investigated the CD74 expression in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Immunohistochemistry of CD74 indicated that CD74 was expressed not only in cancer cells but also macrophages. CD74 was detected in surface membrane and cytoplasm of cancer cells in 92 of 94 cases (98%) and of 87 of 94 cases (93%). CD74 was expressed both in cancer cells and TAMs in 86 of 94 cases (91%). In vitro studies using cancer cell lines and monocyte-derived macrophages stimulated by anti-CD74 antibodies showed that CD74 signal accelerated cancer cell proliferation and macrophage activation. However, macrophage activation via CD74 signal did not influence macrophage-mediated cancer cell growth. RNA-sequence of macrophages stimulated by anti-CD74 antibodies indicated that CD74 signal was associated to inflammatory responses in macrophages. In conclusion, we examined the expression and functional significance of CD74 in ccRCC using tissue specimens and cell culture studies. The function of CD74 was suggested to be different in cancer cells and in macrophages, and further studies are necessary to clarify the functional significance of CD74 in ccRCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For preventing the spread of COVID-19, health authorities urgently turned their attention to urban public transportation. It is believed that virus transmission is more likely to occur in public transportation due to increased exposure to infected individuals in the closed and crowded spaces of public transport. This study aimed to model effective factors in the use of public transportation systems during a pandemic based on the technology acceptance model (TAM) and the theory of planned behaviour (TPB). The methodology used was structural equation modeling, with 358 Iranian passengers in Tehran participating and data collected through a questionnaire. The data underwent analysis by means of the partial least squares method with the assistance of SMARTPLS software. The results indicate that passenger satisfaction is affected positively and significantly by expectation and service quality. Behavioral control, subjective norm, attitude, perceived usefulness (PU), and perceived ease of use (PEU) each contribute positively and significantly to the formation of intention. Service quality, PU, and PEU positively and significantly affect attitude. Finally, expectation, intention, PU, and PEU positively and significantly affect the use of the public transportation system. Therefore, it can be inferred that amalgamating TPB and TAM can serve as a robust indicator of passengers' inclination towards using public transportation during pandemic situations, as well as their actual usage of it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose – Using an integrated theoretical model, this study aims to examine the moderating role of gamification in influencing intentions to use mobile payment applications in Bahrain. Design/methodology/approach – The current examination happens to be the first approximation in the context of Bahrain wherein an extended TPB-based model integrating variables from TAM and UTAUT2 is used along with gamification and situational influence to examine the intentions to use m-payment applications. Findings – The findings revealed that among the variates of the TPB, AT and PB significantly affect the intentions (IN) to use m-payment applications in Bahrain, but SN fails to affect intentions, similarly SI also fails to affect intentions thereby proving that the pandemic fails to drive the intention of the population under study toward using m-payment applications. However, when the application offers gamification (GM) features, SI significantly affects intentions through GM, thus experience along with situation drives intentions and this becomes the major theoretical contribution of the study. Practical implications – This examination offers useful practical implications in the form of the findings revealing that GM affects intentions to use m-payment applications and that GM moderates the relationship between perceived risk (PR) and IN, as well as SI and IN, which can be used by the service providers to improve the user experience and achieve better acceptance of their application. Originality/value – The novelty of the study lies in testing the integrated theoretical model in the context of a GCC nation, Bahrain.

Businesses of all kinds are breaching into Industry 5.0, and they require pursuing digital transformation (DT) with great aggression as it provides them the leverage in getting a competitive advantage, more numbers on top line as revenue, and much deeper relationships from a customer standpoint. DT is a far-reaching organizational change necessitating the integration of technologies such as blockchain, IoT, AI, and Cloud Computing. The article aims to emphasize the importance of theoretical frameworks to guide successful DT in organizations. It critiques the role of these frameworks in addressing common challenges seen in DT programs. The study reviews and analyses a range of theoretical frameworks such as Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Task-Technology fit, and the Unified Theory of acceptance and use technology (UTAUT) extensively. This article reviews existing models and synthesizes their findings from thorough research in a wide range of organizational environments to understand how they can be applied and have been used within DT projects. The proposed article asserts that the main reason behind most of the failure of DT initiatives is planning which does not take into account many strategic factors and one of those factors are flexible organization and cultural integration. This concludes how the ever-ongoing problem of adopting technology is no longer unexplored by stating that TAM, TTF, and UTAUT can be successfully used to let organizations overcome these hurdles. The article underscores the need for strategic, culturally appropriate approaches to DT and highlights that theoretical underpinnings are integral in this effort. By embedding TAM, TTF, and UTAUT into a typical DT strategy, the way businesses navigate their complex environment in time is more likely to acknowledge where technological development should align with strategic goals as well as cultural values.

Abstract Gliomas are the most common primary malignant tumours of the central nervous system (CNS), which are highly aggressive, with increasing morbidity and mortality rates year after year, posing a serious threat to the quality and expected survival time of patients. The treatment of gliomas is a major challenge in the field of neuro-oncology, especially high-grade gliomas such as glioblastomas (GBMs). Despite considerable progress in recent years in the study of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of GBMs, their prognosis remains bleak. Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) account for up to 50% of GBMs, and they are a highly heterogeneous cell population whose role cannot be ignored. Here, we focus on reviewing the contribution of classically activated M1-phenotype TAMs and alternatively activated M2-phenotype TAMs to GBMs, and exploring the research progress in reprogramming M1 TAMs into M2 TAMs.

This study aims to verify the relationship between perceived benefits and perceived behavioral control on fintech adoption intention on banking products and services in Indonesia. This quantitative study uses the technology acceptance model (TAM) approach and the theory of planned behavior (TPB). The sampling technique uses purposive sampling, with a sample size of 545 respondents. The data source used is primary data. Data were collected by distributing questionnaires built using Google Forms and distributed through social media. The data analysis technique uses a structural equation model based on partial least squares (SEM-PLS) with the help of SmartPLS software. The study's results prove that perceived benefits and perceived behavioral control positively affect fintech adoption intention. This study can theoretically prove that the TAM and TPB theories can be applied together and explain the relationship between research variables. Practically, the TAM and TPB theories can be used together as a policy-making model for implementing fintech innovation in banking.

Abstract Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) have been implicated as a tumor microenvironment (TME) cell population, which may be playing a vital role in the inhibition of effective T cell responses in the prostate TME. In this manuscript, we leverage a novel microscale cell culture platform, known as Stacks, to investigate mono-, co-, and tri-culture TME models comprised of prostate tumor cell lines, primary macrophages, and autologous T cells from patients with prostate cancer. Through multiplexed analysis of these multi-cellular prostate tumor models, we capture a dynamic interaction between primary TAMs and activated T cells that resulted in reciprocal proinflammatory activation of both cell populations upon interaction. These findings suggest that activated T cells are capable of reprogramming immunosuppressive TAMs in the context of prostate tumor models and that TAM reprogramming may play a key supportive role in restoring proinflammatory T cell tumor responses in the prostate TME.

Abstract Tamoxifen (TAM) resistance is a major challenge in treating oestrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancers. It is possible that the H2S synthase cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE), which has been previously shown to promote tumour growth and metastasis in other cancer cells, is involved in this resistance. Therefore, we investigated CSE's role and potential mechanisms in TAM-resistant breast cancer cells. First, we examined the effect of CSE expression on TAM sensitivity and resistance in MCF7 (breast cancer) cells. The findings revealed that CSE was directly associated with TAM sensitivity and involved in TAM resistance in ER+ breast cancer cells, indicating that it may be useful as a biomarker. Next, we wanted to determine the molecular mechanism of CSE's role in TAM resistance. Using cell migration, co-immunoprecipitation, western blotting, and cell viability assays, we determined that the CSE/H2S system can affect the expression of PPARγ by promoting the sulfhydrylation of PPARγ, which regulates the transcriptional activity of ACSL1. ACSL1, in turn, influences STAT3 activation by affecting the phosphorylation, palmitoylation and dimerization of STAT3, ultimately leading to the development of TAM resistance in breast cancer. Finally, we examined the effect of CSE inhibitors on reducing drug resistance to determine whether CSE may be used as a biomarker of TAM resistance. We observed that the novel CSE inhibitor I194496 can reverse TAM resistance in TAM-resistant breast cancer via targeting the PPARγ/ACSL1/STAT3 signalling pathway. Overall, our data indicate that CSE may serve as a biomarker of TAM resistance and that the CSE inhibitor I194496 is a promising candidate for combating TAM resistance.

This study is all about exploring the public university students’ experiencing intention to use ChatGPT in academic purpose with the application of TAM theory along with new extension like enjoyment, informativeness and privacy and security factors. The study was conducted in Rangpur division, Bangladesh. Total 412 data were found valid after data collection. SPSS and Smart PLS software were applied for analysis of the data with TAM theory. The study result shows that, all the factors except perceived enjoyment impacts positively the attitudes of students. Service providers of ChatGPT should consider this factor carefully so that in future they can update some new feature with ChatGPT that may be enjoyable to the users. Teachers of the university should be careful while examining students’ different assignments and projects whether they are not directly copied from ChatGPT or not. Future studies can be with other factors with the existing factors and mediation can also be done by the researchers for further study. School and college level students may be considered for this type of study and the sample size should be larger for better result.

Abstract Background Oral lichen planus is a well-known chronic inflammatory mucocutaneous disorder, which has clinical and histological presentation that mimics oral lichenoid reaction. According to the fifth edition of WHO, both conditions are considered as oral potentially malignant disorders. Recent studies on oral potential disorders documented deregulation of some signaling molecules related to the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Therefore this study aimed to compare the immune expression of β-catenin & CD163 in dysplastic /non-dysplastic cases of Oral lichen planus & oral lichenoid lesion. In addition, a statistical correlation between both immune markers was done regardless of the type of the study group. Methods Four study groups were designated as 2 groups of Oral lichen planus (one dysplastic & one non –dysplastic) and the other 2 groups were oral lichenoid lesions (one dysplastic & one non –dysplastic). Ten cases in each group were collected and investigated by immunohistochemistry. The area percent of beta catenin and also counting of m2 macrophages expressing + CD163 marker was calculated in the study groups. Results The Statistical analysis highlighted a statistically significant difference between the studied groups. Moreover, Pearson correlation test reported a significant moderate positive correlation between beta catenin & CD163 expression in the studied cases. Conclusion Our findings supported new perceptions of the mechanism by which tumor associated macrophage specific β-catenin signaling promotes the aggressive behavior of oral potential malignant disorders. Clinical relevance Evidence of the relationship between beta catenin and M2 macrophages (+ CD163) may enhance the development of macrophage-based strategies for treatment and improve the prognosis of such cases.

ABSTRACTThe tumor microenvironment comprises both tumor and non-tumor stromal cells, including tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), endothelial cells, and carcinoma-associated fibroblasts. TAMs, major components of non-tumor stromal cells, play a crucial role in creating an immunosuppressive environment by releasing cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and immune checkpoint proteins that inhibit T cell activity. During tumors develop, cancer cells release various mediators, including chemokines and metabolites, that recruit monocytes to infiltrate tumor tissues and subsequently induce an M2-like phenotype and tumor-promoting properties. Metabolites are often overlooked as metabolic waste or detoxification products but may contribute to TAM polarization. Furthermore, macrophages display a high degree of plasticity among immune cells in the tumor microenvironment, enabling them to either inhibit or facilitate cancer progression. Therefore, TAM-targeting has emerged as a promising strategy in tumor immunotherapy. This review provides an overview of multiple representative metabolites involved in TAM phenotypes, focusing on their role in pro-tumoral polarization of M2.

Digital bookkeeping is an important innovation for micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in managing business finances. The purpose of this study is to examine the factors that influence the intention to use digital bookkeeping applications. This study uses the Technology Acceptance Model and expands with self-efficacy and personal awareness of user intention to use digital bookkeeping applications. The sample of this study was 225 SMEs from various types of industrial sectors, and was analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) through Smart PLS. The results showed that perceived ease of use and self-efficacy affect MSMEs' intention to use digital bookkeeping, while perceived usefulness and personal awareness have no effect. This research provides insight in developing knowledge related to technology adoption in the financial sector, and contributes to the expansion of the Technology Acceptance Model with self-efficacy and personal awareness. Practically, this research has implications in creating good financial management for MSMEs.

The increase in digital disruptions and changing preferences of different stakeholders has led to digital adoption in all hierarchies of business ecosystem. This study focused on the identification of the determinants of digitalization in unorganized small, localized retail outlets (Kirana stores) of an emerging economy. A theoretical model was constructed with certain modifications based on technology adoption models such as Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT2) to study the impact on business performance in general and as an effect of pandemic. A survey of 285 Unorganized Localized Retail Outlets Stores from different regions of India was used to validate this theoretical model, and structural equation modeling was then further employed. The findings underscore that cost, compatibility, perceived ease of use, and perceived usefulness significantly affect the intention to digitalize. By addressing the post-pandemic impact of digitalization within an unorganized sector in an emerging economy, this study adds to the scant literature that exists in this context.

This study aims to determine how the implementation of the Performance Appraisal System (SIPK) in assessing the performance of Indonesian Police Personnel, especially in the Mataram City Police environment. This research uses descriptive research methods with a qualitative approach. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The informants in this study were 3 people, namely the appraisers, data input, and operators of the Performance Appraisal System (SIPK) at the Mataram City Police, this was done so that the results of this study could be triangulated. The results show that the first aspect of perceived usefulness shows that SIPK has a crucial role in the effectiveness of system implementation, especially in the context of Polri personnel performance data input, initial training, and socialization, while guidance is considered important in improving understanding and utilization of SIPK by POLRI members. The second aspect, perceived ease of use, highlighted that SIPK provides advantages in terms of user-friendliness compared to the previous system (SMK). The simple menu design, hands-on guidance, and centralized management from Mabes Polri make SIPK a more effective and efficient solution for Polri personnel in carrying out their administrative tasks. As for the third aspect, attitudes towards the use of SIPK in the Indonesian police environment are considered positive, especially by Polri personnel and the Human Resources Department (HRD). This positive attitude arises because SIPK is considered a necessity and obligation stipulated in Indonesian National Police Regulation No. 2/2018. Furthermore, for the fourth aspect, behavioral interest in using SIPK is shown through the desire or interest of police members in carrying out administrative tasks using the SIPK system. Although there are challenges, such as passing the Analysis of Evaluation (ANEV) list, SIPK is still considered a relevant instrument in the performance management and career development of police officers.

Digital bookkeeping is a financial innovation that serves a critical function in documenting the financial transactions of businesses. The aim of this study is to predict factors that influence the intention of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Cirebon, Java, Indonesia to utilize digital bookkeeping. This study uses a quantitative approach to gain the perception of 225 MSMEs that represent a wide range of industrial sectors. The valid data was analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) through Partial Least Square. The findings show that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and convenience are factors that impact the intention of MSMEs to adopt digital bookkeeping, while perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and convenience have no effect on continuance intention. This research has practical implications for the development of effective financial management systems for MSMEs, enabling the monitoring of business growth systematically. This study makes a valuable contribution to the advancement of knowledge concerning the adoption of technology in the financial sector and enhances the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) through its innovative approach.

Robo-advisors are still in their nascent stages of use, and this technology has yet to find wider acceptance with investors. Our study extends the domain of technology acceptance to robo-advisors by identifying the drivers of investor adoption. Investment decisions carry high risks; thus, there is a greater need to understand investor behaviour to adopt robo-advisors. Trust, anxiety, performance expectancy, and preference for human advisors are used as variables to predict investors’ intentions. PLS-SEM is employed to examine the data with a sample size of 445 investors. Results suggest that all these variables play a significant role in determining the behavioural intention of investors towards the adoption of robo-advisors.

Purpose – This study aims to construct an appropriate framework by incorporating essential components from the most renowned theories to investigate the variables that impact behavioural intentions towards embracing cashless transactions (CLT). Design/methodology/approach – A survey was conducted to ascertain the users’ intention to adopt CLT in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Further, this study used a “partial least squares-based structural equation modelling” technique to analyse the relationships between latent factors. Findings – The results of the proposed model revealed that 11 independent variables together explain the intention to use CLT with a 60.5% explanatory power. Further, perceived usefulness is the most influential factor in predicting users’ willingness to adopt CLT, followed by social influence, perceived costs, attitude, trust and device barriers. Finally, the findings of moderator effects indicate that income and experience interact positively and strongly with behavioural intention to adopt CLT. It indicates that high-income, experienced users are more likely to convert their intentions into actions. Originality/value – This study integrated critical elements from the major theories, such as Theory of Reasoned Action, Technology Acceptance Model, Decomposed Theory of Planned Behaviour, the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model and UTAUT2, to investigate the adoption of CLT. As a result, 11 crucial factors were identified from the existing literature that impacts CLT adoption without overlapping. Consequently, the model presented in this study provides a more profound understanding than previous research regarding why individuals adopt CLT systems. Accordingly, these results could aid policymakers in addressing people’s concerns and facilitating a seamless transition to a cashless society.

Adoption and intention to use online learning is a developing area of education research. Despite a large body of research on online learning acceptance, more is needed to know about the factors that impact lecturers' intentions to continue utilizing online learning. The purpose of this study is to give empirical evidence regarding the acceptance of online learning. The proposed model is based on the technology acceptance model (TAM). Several hypotheses were created using the TAM Model, utilizing lecturers' personal innovativeness as an external varaibel. This study used structural equation modeling (SEM-PLS) to investigate technology use among 180 lecturers. The findings suggested that the proposed model accurately predicted the desire to continue using e-learning. Lecturers' innovativeness had a significant impact on perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PEOU), and intention to continue using e-learning. Perceived usefulness was the most important factor influencing the intention to continue using e-learning. PEO had a significant influence on PU and PU was able to mediate the relationship between LPI and PEO with CI. However, PEO did not.

Abstract Background The escalating prevalence of diabetes, with its multifaceted complications, poses a pressing challenge for healthcare systems globally. In response, the advent of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems, offering technological solutions for daily diabetes management, presents significant opportunities. However, the widespread adoption faces several barriers, linked both to the technological configuration of the devices and to the psychological dimension of patients. Therefore, this study aims to apply and test a theoretical model that investigates the antecedents of the intention to use Continuous Glucose Monitoring systems. Methods The research model was built to unveil the impacts of psychological factors, functional components and rational constructs derived from the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) on CGM systems sustained adoption. To ensure the comparability of results, we have collected data from people who had used Dexcom ONE Dexcom (San Diego, CA) for the first time for at least one month. Employing Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) techniques, the hypothesized relationships among constructs were assessed. Results The analyses confirmed the positive correlation of rational factors to the Intention to Use. Subjective Norm, intended as the physicians’ influence, is positively correlated with the Perceived Usefulness. Trend Arrows, albeit being negatively correlated with Perceived Usefulness, have a positive correlation on Perceived Ease Of Use, reinforcing its mediating effect towards Perceived Usefulness. Among psychological factors, Trust in the CGM technology positively correlates with Intention to Use. Health Literacy is negatively correlated to the Intention to Use. Conclusions These findings contribute to theoretical and managerial understanding, providing recommendations to enhance the adoption of CGM systems like Dexcom ONE.