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Acoustic recording tags provide fine-scale data linking acoustic signalling with individual behaviour; however, when an animal is in a group, it is challenging to tease apart calls of conspecifics and identify which individuals produce each call. This, in turn, prohibits a robust assessment of individual acoustic behaviour including call rates and silent periods, call bout production within and between individuals, and caller location. To overcome this challenge, we simultaneously instrumented small groups of humpback whales on a western North Atlantic feeding ground with sound and movement recording tags. This approach enabled a comparison of the relative amplitude of each call across individuals to infer caller identity for 97% of calls. We recorded variable call rates across individuals (mean = 23 calls/h) and groups (mean = 55 calls/h). Calls were produced throughout dives, and most calls were produced in bouts with short inter-call intervals of 2.2 s. Most calls received a likely response from a conspecific within 100 s. This caller identification (ID) method facilitates studying both individual- and group-level acoustic behaviour, yielding novel results about the nature of sequence production and vocal exchanges in humpback whale social calls. Future studies can expand on these caller ID methods for understanding intra-group communication across taxa.

Background: To tag large marine vertebrates, without the need to catch them, avoiding using barbs for tag retention, and precisely controlling tag location, the remote Tag Attachment Device on a pole (TADpole) was developed. This allows single-pin tags (Finmount, Wildlife Computers) to be attached to the dorsal fins of free-swimming large marine vertebrates. Results: TADpole comprises a pole-mounted holster that carries a tag. It uses compressed air, and a micro-controller, to rapidly insert a stainless-steel pin through a corrodible metal retaining ring in the first tag attachment wing, the animal's dorsal fin, and then a press fit Delrin retaining ring in the tag wing on the other side of the fin. Tagging only occurs when the trailing edge of the dorsal fin touches a trigger bar in the holster, ensuring optimal pin placement. It was developed using fins from cadavers, then trialed on briefly restrained coastal dolphins that could be followed in successive days and weeks, and then on free-swimming animals in the field. The latter showed very short touch/response intervals and highlighted the need for several iterative revisions of the pneumatic system. This resulted in reducing the total time from triggering to tag application to ~ 20 ms. Subsequent efforts expanded the TADpole's applicability to sharks. One free-swimming Atlantic spotted dolphin, two white sharks, and one whale shark were then tagged using the TADpole. Conclusions: Being able to tag free-swimming dolphins and sharks remotely and precisely with satellite-linked telemetry devices may contribute to solving conservation challenges. Sharks were easier to tag than dolphins. Dolphin touch-to-response times were 28 ms or less. Delphinid skin has unique polymodal axon bundles that project into the epidermis, perhaps a factor in their uniquely fast response, which is 10 × faster than humans. Their primary reaction to tagging is to abduct the flippers and roll the fin out of the TADpole holster. This device has the potential to deliver high-quality tag data from large vertebrates with dorsal fins without the stress and logistics associated with catch-and-release, and without the trauma of tags that use barbs for retention. It also collects a dorsal fin biopsy core. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to create a new recombinant virus by modifying the EV-A71 capsid protein, serving as a useful tool and model for studying human Enteroviruses. We developed a new screening method using EV-A71 pseudovirus particles to systematically identify suitable insertion sites and tag types in the VP1 capsid protein. The pseudovirus's infectivity and replication can be assessed by measuring postinfection luciferase signals. We reported that the site after the 100th amino acid within the VP1 BC loop of EV-A71 is particularly permissive for the insertion of various tags. Notably, the introduction of S and V5 tags at this position had minimal effect on the fitness of the tagged pseudovirus. Furthermore, recombinant infectious EV-A71 strains tagged with S and V5 epitopes were successfully rescued, and the stability of these tags was verified. Computational analysis suggested that viable insertions should be compatible with capsid assembly and receptor binding, whereas non-viable insertions could potentially disrupt the capsid's binding with heparan sulfate. We expect the tagged recombinant EV-A71 to be a useful tool for studying the various stages of the enterovirus life cycle and for virus purification, immunoprecipitation, and research in immunology and vaccine development. Furthermore, this study serves as a proof of principle and may help develop similar tags in enteroviruses, for which there are fewer available tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Designing mechanical metamaterials to control wave propagation often requires extensive finite element analysis and discrete Fourier transform simulations before fabricating 3D printed structures and conducting experiments. Here, an alternative approach is presented to developing a metamaterial informatics framework by integrating dataset collection with artificial intelligence (AI), which can significantly accelerate the advancement of phononic wave chip technologies based on the triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS). Visualized data analysis is performed to evaluate the sensitivity of phononic band frequency numbers (BNF). Subsequently, various machine learning algorithms are compared for the prediction of sonic BNFs to create a unique identificable encoded mechanical identification tag (EMIT) interacting with sound waves. Then, for the mechanical decoding part with the help of acoustic analogy, a novel concept technology is developed that integrates 3D‐printed EMITs with a deep‐learning audio classifier for the ownership identification of instruments. Underwater application is discussed further for civil accident investigations, such as echolocating missing aircraft, divers, sunken ships, and containers with valuable cargo. These TPMS‐based EMITs represent the first‐generation passive sonic frequency identification (SFID) transponder‐tags, marking the advent of SFID transponder systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract—In the functioning of living systems, intermolecular contacts, including protein–protein interactions, play a crucial role. One of the main methods for studying them is affinity purification coupled with mass spectrometry (AP-MS). This approach relies on the refinement of epitope tags, short genetic modifications of proteins, which subsequently enable the "capture" of target molecules. This review aims to compare the most popular epitope tags and discuss traditional and innovative studies in which they are used. The primary goal of this manuscript is to assess how close the scientific community is to creating a "perfect" tag that meets the needs of most researchers who use tags to address a wide range of molecular biology tasks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In request for confirmation (RfC) sequences, interlocutors negotiate their social positions regarding access and rights to knowledge. The article presents an overview of a quantitative analysis of 200 RfCs and their responses in German conversations to highlight the relevant linguistic resources speakers of the language deployed to position themselves vis-à-vis a confirmable proposition. In German RfCs, modal particles and tags play an important role in expressing the requester’s epistemic stance; explicit inference marking is used less frequently. Responses usually include response tokens (among others doch as a token specialized for disconfirming negatively formatted RfCs) and an expansion. The article shows that such expansions do important work to tailor the response to the situated informational needs of the requester in a cooperative way beyond the constraints of type-conformity.

In the early 20th century, French vice-consul George Soulié de Morant encountered acupuncture during his visit to China, and then brought it back to France. After more than a century, his collection was transported from Paris, France to Kunming, China, and later recognized as a Chinese national third-class precious cultural heritage. Currently housed in the Museum of Western Studies on Chinese Medicine at Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, this set of instruments includes one needle holder converted from a fan-shaped holder, ten acupuncture needles, and eleven paper tags handwritten in English with names of diseases and body parts. This article attempts to present the foundational information and historical significance of this collection of this set of late Qing dynasty acupuncture instruments by reviewing the collection and related research on acupuncture instruments, consulting acupuncture professionals, measuring the detailed information of the set of instruments, and employing a method of translating and summarizing the content of the attached tags. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As part of a cross-linguistic investigation of request for confirmation (RfC) sequences, this article provides an overview of distributional tendencies associated with Korean RfC sequences based on an examination of 200 tokens of RfC excerpted from audio- and video-recorded face-to-face ordinary conversations. Various grammatical and contextual features associated with RfCs are analyzed, e.g., as interactional resources for grounding RfCs in inferencing, rendering them modulated in action, or connecting them to prior talk/action. They include negative polarity markers, connective particles (e.g., -nuntey ‘circumstantial’), modal markers (e.g., -keyss ‘I suppose’), and sentence-ending suffixes (SESs) such as -na (‘dubitative), -ney (‘noticing’), and ‘pseudo-tags’ -ci/cianha, which are composed of -ci (‘committal’). Features of responses to RfCs are examined in terms of response type (e.g., confirmation, disconfirmation, or neither) with special reference to the form and distribution of response tokens, which include not only unmarked interjections such as ung/yey (‘yes’) and ani(-yo) (‘no’), but also kule-marked indexical forms (e.g., ku(leh)ci ‘certainly it is’). The findings shed light on the role of SESs, modal markers, and discourse particles as stance-marking resources that crucially shape the function of RfCs, and the compositional features of response turns that constitute or frame a responsive action to RfCs.

As a social action, requesting confirmation involves presenting a proposition to be (dis)confirmed and seeking another’s (dis)confirmation of the proposition. This article provides an overview of the lexico-syntactic and prosodic resources used by participants to perform requests for confirmation (RfCs) and to respond to RfCs in Mandarin face-to-face interactions. Drawing on statistical results of the frequencies of a variety of linguistic resources in RfC sequences, this study shows that declaratives are the most frequently used syntactic forms for RfCs in the Mandarin data. Tags, such as shiba ‘right?’, are also frequently used by the speaker to seek (dis)confirmation from the recipient. The RfCs in the data also exhibit one prominent prosodic pattern. That is, a larger number of RfC turns in Mandarin end with falling pitch movement with very moderate slope from mid (M) to low (L). This prosodic pattern stems from the interplay between tones and intonation in Mandarin. In the responses to RfCs, a majority of them are confirmations. Also, response tokens, such as dui ‘right’ and en ‘en’ with falling intonation, are used highly frequently in responses to RfCs in the Mandarin data. Findings in this study afford cross-linguistic research on RfC sequences.

Background: People with blindness and intellectual disability can have problems locating, identifying, and retrieving objects needed for daily activities (e.g., clothes and food items) from familiar storage contexts, such as cupboards and cabinets. Objective: This preliminary study assessed a technological system designed to help three people with those problems improve their performance. Methods: The technological system, which involved the use of tags with radio frequency identification codes, a smartphone, and a tag reader, aimed to guide the participants in searching and retrieving objects from three different storage units. In practice, the system provided different feedbacks depending on whether the participants were searching (a) in a wrong storage unit, (b) in a wrong shelf/drawer of the right storage unit, or (c) in the right shelf/drawer of the right storage unit. Results: All participants were successful in retrieving objects correctly with the technological system. The results also showed that (a) the participants preferred using the system over a control strategy, (b) were able to switch on and off the system independently, and (b) staff rated the system positively. Conclusions: These preliminary findings suggest that the system might be a useful support tool for people with blindness and intellectual disability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is broad consensus regarding the fact that street art is a form of social, political and cultural protest and critique. However, rather than one single form, street art consists of a wide range of complex and contradictory styles featuring a diversity of interests, derivations and conflicts with underlying factors of both a structural and contextual nature. Taking as examples the cases of Pinacoteca aCel Obert and Pinta Malasaña, in Barcelona and Madrid respectively, this article explores the production of urban art and notes how, as part of plans to revitalize neighborhoods, it assumes different versions in harmony with the characteristics and circumstances of the surrounding areas. Using a qualitative methodology, it explores the conception, development and results of both projects, revealing the heterogeneity of explanatory factors, the complexity of their implementation, and the role, which is not exempt from conflict and rivalry, of street artists in the urban space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Computer Measurement & Control is the property of Magazine Agency of Computer Measurement & Control and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We write as a collaborative mode of embodied writing that moves, tags, and re-sites us elsewhere, that mis/dis/aligns self-other, and permeates various stable body(boundaries). We write as a group of (un)bounded (virtual) bodies who aim to collectively create and tag arguments. We write as a collective body where materialities, ideas, discussions and writing become in the doing. Different relational collective practices shared here disturb, disperse, question, undo and undermine sole authorship and consider how tags work and what tags might produce when these objects/things shape our academic lives. While engaged in tagging we also considered how tags tug, how tags shape the ways we think, feel and experience our academic lives. How are we produced by tags? What do tags produce (in/on) us and in our embodied lives? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radio-frequency identification technology finds extensive use in various industrial applications, including those involving metallic surfaces. The integration of radio-frequency identification systems with metal surfaces, such as those found in the automotive sector, presents distinct challenges that can notably affect system efficacy due to metal's tendency to reflect electromagnetic waves, thus degrading the functionality of conventional radio-frequency identification tags. This highlights the importance of conducting research into academic publications and patents to grasp the current advancements and challenges in this field, aiming to improve the applications of radio-frequency identification tags technology on metal. Consequently, this research undertakes a concise review of both the literature and patents exploring radio-frequency identification technology's use for on-metal tags, utilizing resources like Google Scholar and Google Patents. The research categorized crucial aspects such as tag flexibility, operating frequency, and geographic origins of the research. Findings highlight China's prominent role in contributing to metal-focused radio-frequency identification tag research, with a considerable volume of articles and patents. In particular, flexible tags and the Ultra-High Frequency range are dominant in both scholarly and patent documents, reflecting their significance in radio-frequency identification technology applications. The research underscores a vibrant area of development within radio-frequency identification technology, with continued innovation driven by specific industrial needs. Despite the noted advances, the presence of a significant percentage of no longer valid patents suggests substantial opportunities for further research and innovation in radio-frequency identification technology for on-metal applications, especially considering the demand for flexible tags and for solutions in systems that offer specialized characteristics or are tailored for specific uses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many advertising campaigns and agencies are now seeking help from radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology to promote their products and events across the world. Marketing agencies are deploying RFID technology as the prices of RFID tags are comparatively low than the other mediums. Marketers and advertisement planners, with using modern technologies to produce many advertising ideas, try hard to attract the attention of the targeting huge audiences and get their curiosity. Radio-frequency identification (RFID), one of the most popular technologies, uses electromagnetic fields to automatically identify and track tags attached to objects. An RFID system consists of a tiny radio transponder, a radio receiver and transmitter. RFID tags have already been used in several areas, including: the libraries, identity cards, ads and it can be also used in tracking cars, monitoring and selling goods.... etc. Battersea Dogs & Cats Home used a new technique in outdoor advertising using radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology as a simple idea will be examined as “case study”. The ‘Looking for you’ campaign used RFID tags and has launched an interactive digital advert between the receiver and the charity by which a personalized interactive messages were used to guide people and motivate positive values inside their hearts, asking them to adopt pets.

Background: To tag large marine vertebrates, without the need to catch them, avoiding using barbs for tag retention, and precisely controlling tag location, the remote Tag Attachment Device on a pole (TADpole) was developed. This allows single-pin tags (Finmount, Wildlife Computers) to be attached to the dorsal fins of free-swimming large marine vertebrates. Results: TADpole comprises a pole-mounted holster that carries a tag. It uses compressed air, and a micro-controller, to rapidly insert a stainless-steel pin through a corrodible metal retaining ring in the first tag attachment wing, the animal’s dorsal fin, and then a press fit Delrin retaining ring in the tag wing on the other side of the fin. Tagging only occurs when the trailing edge of the dorsal fin touches a trigger bar in the holster, ensuring optimal pin placement. It was developed using fins from cadavers, then trialed on briefly restrained coastal dolphins that could be followed in successive days and weeks, and then on free-swimming animals in the field. The latter showed very short touch/response intervals and highlighted the need for several iterative revisions of the pneumatic system. This resulted in reducing the total time from triggering to tag application to ~ 20 ms. Subsequent efforts expanded the TADpole’s applicability to sharks. One free-swimming Atlantic spotted dolphin, two white sharks, and one whale shark were then tagged using the TADpole. Conclusions: Being able to tag free-swimming dolphins and sharks remotely and precisely with satellite-linked telemetry devices may contribute to solving conservation challenges. Sharks were easier to tag than dolphins. Dolphin touch-to-response times were 28 ms or less. Delphinid skin has unique polymodal axon bundles that project into the epidermis, perhaps a factor in their uniquely fast response, which is 10 × faster than humans. Their primary reaction to tagging is to abduct the flippers and roll the fin out of the TADpole holster. This device has the potential to deliver high-quality tag data from large vertebrates with dorsal fins without the stress and logistics associated with catch-and-release, and without the trauma of tags that use barbs for retention. It also collects a dorsal fin biopsy core. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While starting as an analogue practice in fanzines, fanfiction in its current form, that is, almost exclusively online, is closely entangled with the technology it is embedded in, both Web 2.0 features and specific website infrastructure. This is nowhere better exemplified than on the platform Archive of Our Own (AO3), which hosts over 13 million stories in thousands of fandoms. AO3 is one of the most popular online repositories for fanfiction and growing exponentially, precisely because of how it deals with this slew of data: its system of extensive hyperlinked labelling. Based on empirical participant data from an online survey and semi-structured interviews, I argue that tags offer distinct affordances and affect user behaviour in such a way that new reading practices arise. Tags create a literacy paradigm interwoven with virtuality, relying on links and networks, and featuring a unique set of characteristics that differentiate reading on AO3 from other digital reading platforms, as well as from print fiction. These include "informed" reading, whereby site users know what they can expect from works, "rhizomatic" reading by navigating across the platform along the metadata, even to unfamiliar fandoms, and reading in multiple, which is facilitated by the site's searchability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) is a crucial medicinal plant containing a large amount of oil. In the study, the changes in storage oil during seed germination and seedling transition from heterotrophic phases were investigated. The results showed that seed oil decreased from 19.53% to 0.88% on the 7th day of seedling development. Oil hydrolysis continued until the 4th day of germination with a low slope, but then increased the use of oils in seed germination end seedling growth metabolism. The results indicated that the quantitative changes in fatty acids, presented at lower amount, were relatively higher than dominant fatty acids. There were decreasing phenolic content in the developing seedlings, but overall, lowest level of total phenolic content can be attributed to the control (30.52 ​mg· 100 ​g· Oil−1). In contrast, the maximum peroxide value (2.58 meq· kg Oil−1) in the developing seedling was observed on the last day of the experiment. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between saturated fatty acid, unsaturated fatty acid, and lipase activity. However, the correlation between lipase activity and polyunsaturated fatty acids was significantly higher than between lipase activity and monounsaturated fatty acids (R2 ​= ​90% and R2 ​= ​77%, respectively). Therefore, the lipolysis process acts selectively in milk thistle oils. According to the results, C12:0 exhibits a greater impact on the early seedling growth rather than on the germination process and is one of the determining factors in the transition from heterotroph to autotroph. Also, it can be a marker for TAGs breakdown.

Acoustic recording tags provide fine-scale data linking acoustic signalling with individual behaviour; however, when an animal is in a group, it is challenging to tease apart calls of conspecifics and identify which individuals produce each call. This, in turn, prohibits a robust assessment of individual acoustic behaviour including call rates and silent periods, call bout production within and between individuals, and caller location. To overcome this challenge, we simultaneously instrumented small groups of humpback whales on a western North Atlantic feeding ground with sound and movement recording tags. This approach enabled a comparison of the relative amplitude of each call across individuals to infer caller identity for 97% of calls. We recorded variable call rates across individuals (mean = 23 calls/h) and groups (mean = 55 calls/h). Calls were produced throughout dives, and most calls were produced in bouts with short inter-call intervals of 2.2 s. Most calls received a likely response from a conspecific within 100 s. This caller identification (ID) method facilitates studying both individual- and group-level acoustic behaviour, yielding novel results about the nature of sequence production and vocal exchanges in humpback whale social calls. Future studies can expand on these caller ID methods for understanding intra-group communication across taxa.

Tags are attached to salient information during the wake period, which can preferentially determine what information can be consolidated during sleep. Previous studies demonstrated that spindles during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep give priority to strengthening memory representations with tags, indicating a privileged reactivation of tagged information. The current meta-analysis investigated whether and how spindles can capture different tags to consolidate declarative memory. This study searched the Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, PsycINFO, and OATD databases for studies that spindles consolidate declarative memory with tags. A meta-analysis using a random-effects model was performed. Based on 19 datasets from 18 studies (N = 388), spindles had a medium effect on the consolidation of declarative memory with tags (r = 0.519). In addition, spindles derived from whole-night sleep and nap studies were positively related to the consolidation of memory representations with tags. These findings reveal the shared mechanism that spindles are actively involved in the prefrontal-hippocampus circuits to consolidate memory with tags. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goals set in the creation of the "Calligraffiti" font are to go through all the stages in the work process: from research, preparatory sketches, synthesizing the shape of the letter, digitization, to a final version ready for use in graphics software and word processing programs. The starting points for the “Calligrafiti” font are to be different and dynamic, but at the same time to maintain its legibility. Therefore, the typeface has a constant slope to the left, written with a writing angle of about 30 degrees. The letters are written with a flat brush that leaves a characteristic texture, thus achieving a dynamic and expressive look. The construction of the letters follows the calligraphic tradition in Europe, and the connection with graffiti is the inverted slant of the inscriptions (tags) characteristic of the subculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Medium‐chain fatty acids (MCFAs) are naturally associated with human milk lipids and can also be associated with MCTs (medium‐chain triacylglycerols). Healthy lipids could be constructed from medium‐ and long‐chain triacylglycerols (MLCTs) composed of MCFAs. Biochemical and chemical catalysts catalyse many chemical and enzymatic processes, such as acidolysis, interesterification, and esterification. Due to their potential health benefits, MCTs and MLCTs are widely used as nutraceuticals in the pharmaceutical and food industries. This comprehensive overview of MLCTs evaluates their structures, compositions, nutritional properties, and supposed health benefits. This review identifies the key research gaps to overcome the MCFA‐TAG use when compared to human milk and infant formulas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Introduction Although uncommon, incomplete capsulotomy, anterior capsule tags and anterior capsule tears are still encountered during femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS), resulting in surgical complications. This highlights the need to improve femtosecond laser-assisted capsulotomy technique to reduce capsulotomy-related complications. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of a newly developed, modified technique of setting capsulotomy irradiation thickness in lowering the incidence of capsulotomy-related complications in FLACS. Methods This open-label prospective, comparative cohort study included 440 eyes (220 patients) treated with FLACS using the LenSx laser system (Alcon Laboratories, Inc. Fort Worth, TX, USA). Varying capsulotomy irradiation thicknesses were applied in each eye of the same patient. In Group 1, capsulotomy irradiation thickness was set between the upper edge of the highest point of the anterior capsule and the lower edge of the lowest point of the anterior capsule (modified technique). In Group 2, this was set between the center of the highest point of the anterior capsule and the center of the lowest part of the anterior capsule (conventional technique). Incidence rates of incomplete capsulotomy, anterior capsule tags and tears, and posterior capsule tears were compared. Results Preoperative baseline characteristics showed no significant differences. Mean total of the irradiation thicknesses was 877.1 ± 81.9 µm in Group 1 and 808.9 ± 80.0 in Group 2, with a statistically significant difference (P

Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) is a crucial medicinal plant containing a large amount of oil. In the study, the changes in storage oil during seed germination and seedling transition from heterotrophic phases were investigated. The results showed that seed oil decreased from 19.53% to 0.88% on the 7th day of seedling development. Oil hydrolysis continued until the 4th day of germination with a low slope, but then increased the use of oils in seed germination end seedling growth metabolism. The results indicated that the quantitative changes in fatty acids, presented at lower amount, were relatively higher than dominant fatty acids. There were decreasing phenolic content in the developing seedlings, but overall, lowest level of total phenolic content can be attributed to the control (30.52 mg· 100 g· Oil-1). In contrast, the maximum peroxide value (2.58 meq· kg Oil-1) in the developing seedling was observed on the last day of the experiment. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between saturated fatty acid, unsaturated fatty acid, and lipase activity. However, the correlation between lipase activity and polyunsaturated fatty acids was significantly higher than between lipase activity and monounsaturated fatty acids (R2 = 90% and R2 = 77%, respectively). Therefore, the lipolysis process acts selectively in milk thistle oils. According to the results, C12:0 exhibits a greater impact on the early seedling growth rather than on the germination process and is one of the determining factors in the transition from heterotroph to autotroph. Also, it can be a marker for TAGs breakdown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Although uncommon, incomplete capsulotomy, anterior capsule tags and anterior capsule tears are still encountered during femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS), resulting in surgical complications. This highlights the need to improve femtosecond laser-assisted capsulotomy technique to reduce capsulotomy-related complications. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of a newly developed, modified technique of setting capsulotomy irradiation thickness in lowering the incidence of capsulotomy-related complications in FLACS. Methods: This open-label prospective, comparative cohort study included 440 eyes (220 patients) treated with FLACS using the LenSx laser system (Alcon Laboratories, Inc. Fort Worth, TX, USA). Varying capsulotomy irradiation thicknesses were applied in each eye of the same patient. In Group 1, capsulotomy irradiation thickness was set between the upper edge of the highest point of the anterior capsule and the lower edge of the lowest point of the anterior capsule (modified technique). In Group 2, this was set between the center of the highest point of the anterior capsule and the center of the lowest part of the anterior capsule (conventional technique). Incidence rates of incomplete capsulotomy, anterior capsule tags and tears, and posterior capsule tears were compared. Results: Preoperative baseline characteristics showed no significant differences. Mean total of the irradiation thicknesses was 877.1 ± 81.9 µm in Group 1 and 808.9 ± 80.0 in Group 2, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.001). Incidences of incomplete capsulotomy were 1.8% and 7.7%, anterior capsule tags were 2.3% and 8.6%, and anterior capsule tears were 0% and 3.2% in Groups 1 and 2, respectively. These differences were statistically significant (P = 0.006, 0.005, and 0.015, respectively). No posterior capsule tears were reported in either group. Conclusion: The modified technique for capsulotomy in FLACS may significantly reduce the occurrence of capsulotomy-related complications, maximizing the benefits of FLACS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tags made of mudstone are predominantly found in ancient Egyptian Predynastic cemetery contexts. This study examines the symbolism and significance of mudstone tags with the recurved horns of hartebeests and crescent-shaped mudstone tags. The use of syncretic imagery on these tags provides evidence for the fluidity of artistic perceptions in Predynastic Egypt. Available data suggests that individuals buried with mudstone hartebeest and crescent tags were almost exclusively female. Evidence for use wear and the find locations of the tags in burials indicates these artefacts were likely associated with rituals performed by female individuals.

The article discusses research which examined the cloning, expression pattern and bioassay of recombinant CRY 2AX synthetic gene protein from Bacillus thuringiensis with and without tag in Escherichia coli strain, as well as the toxicity of the protein against Helicoverpa armigera and Spodoptera litura. The study observed clones by colony polymerase chain reaction (PCR), plasmid PCR and restriction digestion, the ligation of cry2Ax gene, protein quantification and recombinant gene homology.

This study, evaluated the readability of electronic leg and ear tags in Saanen goats. Fifty-seven goats were identified with the electronic leg tags (ELT) and electronic ear tags (EET) from birth until the lactation period ends. Readability of ELT and EET was 96.30% and 90.55% respectively in static conditions at the end of 12 months. Foot and udder, with no infection rates for ELT and EET in calm and aggressive goats were 95.70% and 100%, respectively. No infection rates of foot and udder for ELT and EET in calm and aggressive goats were 95.70% and 100%, respectively. Tagging method and animal temperament was not statistically significant. As a result, low animal traceability with ear tags was determined by this study. Besides, it is suggested that smaller-sized tagging materials would be more accurate when the ankle was selected as a body area to place identification tags in goats. The resulting issue to be considered is that the leg tagging should not negatively affect the animal welfare and the foot and udder health. In the future, using a leg band in the identification of goats will become more widespread as it does not damage animals and has a high readability capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radio-frequency identification technology finds extensive use in various industrial applications, including those involving metallic surfaces. The integration of radio-frequency identification systems with metal surfaces, such as those found in the automotive sector, presents distinct challenges that can notably affect system efficacy due to metal’s tendency to reflect electromagnetic waves, thus degrading the functionality of conventional radio-frequency identification tags. This highlights the importance of conducting research into academic publications and patents to grasp the current advancements and challenges in this field, aiming to improve the applications of radio-frequency identification tags technology on metal. Consequently, this research undertakes a concise review of both the literature and patents exploring radio-frequency identification technology’s use for on-metal tags, utilizing resources like Google Scholar and Google Patents. The research categorized crucial aspects such as tag flexibility, operating frequency, and geographic origins of the research. Findings highlight China’s prominent role in contributing to metal-focused radio-frequency identification tag research, with a considerable volume of articles and patents. In particular, flexible tags and the Ultra-High Frequency range are dominant in both scholarly and patent documents, reflecting their significance in radio-frequency identification technology applications. The research underscores a vibrant area of development within radio-frequency identification technology, with continued innovation driven by specific industrial needs. Despite the noted advances, the presence of a significant percentage of no longer valid patents suggests substantial opportunities for further research and innovation in radio-frequency identification technology for on-metal applications, especially considering the demand for flexible tags and for solutions in systems that offer specialized characteristics or are tailored for specific uses.

IntroductionFarmed fish like European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) anticipate meals if these are provided at one or multiple fixed times during the day. The increase in locomotor activity is typically known as food anticipatory activity (FAA) and can be observed several hours prior to feeding. Measuring FAA is often done by demand feeders or external sensors such as cameras or light curtains. However, purely locomotor-activity-based FAA may provide an incomplete view of feeding and prefeeding behaviour.MethodsHere, we show that FAA can be measured through passive acoustic telemetry utilising three different approaches and suggest that adding more means to food anticipation detection is beneficial. We compared the diving behaviour, acceleration activity, and temperature of 22 tagged individuals over the period of 12 days and observed FAA through locomotor activity, depth position, and density-based unsupervised clustering (i.e., DBSCAN).ResultsOur results demonstrate that the position- and density-based methods also provide expressions of anticipatory behaviour that can be interchangeable with locomotor-driven FAA or precede it.DiscussionWe, therefore, support a unified framework for food anticipation: FAA should only describe locomotor-driven FAA. Food anticipatory positioning (FAP) should be a term for position-based (P-FAP) and density-based (D-FAP) methods for food anticipation. Lastly, FAP, together with the newly defined FAA, should become part of an umbrella term that is already in use: food anticipatory behaviour (FAB). Our work provides data-driven approaches to each FAB category and compares them with each other. Furthermore, accurate FAB windows through FAA and FAP can help increase fish welfare in the aquaculture industry, and the more approaches available, the more flexible and more robust the usage of FAB for a holistic view can be achieved.

Radio-frequency identification (RFID) is a rapidly developing technology that uses radio waves to establish contactless communication. RFID technology is widespread from industrial applications to healthcare uses. Recent advancements in the field of RFID have led to the evolution of near-field communication (NFC) technology. Using a NFC enabled smartphone, a user can interact with NFC tags or other smartphones to complete various tasks efficiently. This article covers the various aspects of NFC technology including its advantages, its feasibility, and its limitations. NFC, if properly implemented in day-to-day dental practice can make the task of information sharing, communication, and identification much more rapid and seamless. This article aims to discuss the possible applications of NFC in the field of dentistry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microalgae are rich source of lipids and are one of the promising feedstocks for biofuel production, whereas enhancement of lipid, carbohydrate, and biomass production is crucial for commercialization of algal biofuels. Nutrients/salinity stresses are important to increase the synthesis of lipid. In the present study, Scenedesmus sp. is treated with a varying combination of sodium nitrate (NaNO3), dipotassium hydrogen phosphate (K2HPO4), and sodium chloride (NaCl) to improve lipid accumulation. Results indicate that the modified media comprising of NaCl (100 mM), NaNO3 (0 mM), and K2HPO4 (0.22 mM) (S100N0P0.22) accumulated higher quantities of lipid (385.4 ± 34.2 μg/mg) along with considerable biomass (537.0 ± 22.3 μg/mL), chlorophyll "a" (6.2 ± 0.08 μg/mL), and palmitic acid (32.6%). Apart from biochemical analysis, stress-induced biomarker such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was observed maximum for same combination (10854 μmolH2O2/g), with low lipid peroxidation (3.2 μmol/g). Catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were further studied to monitor the impact of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on lipid accumulation. This study revealed a better combination in terms of lipid and biomass profile, which can further be investigated for large-scale production. Multi-stress-driven lipid production is one of the significant outputs of the current study, which can further be explored in detail. Insight such interactions may provide directions for economical production of algal biodiesel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gesture recognition can help people with a speech impairment to communicate and promote the development of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) technology. With the development of wireless technology, passive gesture recognition based on RFID has become a research hotspot. In this paper, we propose a low-cost, non-invasive and scalable gesture recognition technology, and successfully implement the RF-alphabet, a gesture recognition system for complex, fine-grained, domain-independent 26 English letters; the RF-alphabet has three major advantages: first, this paper achieves complete capture of complex, fine-grained gesture data by designing a dual-tag, dual-antenna layout. Secondly, to overcome the disadvantages of the large training sets and long training times of traditional deep learning. We design and combine the Difference threshold similarity calculation prediction model to extract digital signal features to achieve real-time feature analysis of gesture signals. Finally, the RF alphabet solves the problem of confusing the signal characteristics of letters. Confused letters are distinguished by comparing the phase values of feature points. The RF-alphabet ends up with an average accuracy of 90.28% and 89.7% in different domains for new users and new environments, respectively, by performing feature analysis on similar signals. The real-time, robustness, and scalability of the RF-alphabet are proven. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the universe of Knowledge Organization Systems, tools aimed at representing and organizing information for later retrieval, folksonomies emerge, computational mechanisms that supply and store tags created by Web users themselves to index online resources. Because they are open instruments and aimed at the social sharing of tags and indexed objects, there is a concern with privacy in these environments. In this sense, the present work investigates the existence of folksonomies scenarios in which there is personal information and, therefore, need the support of the General Law for Personal Data Protection. Furthermore, if there are such possibilities, an attempt is made to describe the main rules of the law that must be applied to tagging environments on the Web. To carry out this research, the deductive method of approach, the comparative procedural methodology and the bibliographical research technique were used. It is concluded that there are possible cases of the presence of personal data in folksonomies, either when this type of information is in the form of tags, or in its inclusion in indexed resources (text, graphics, audiovisual, etc.). In addition, it was concluded that not all the rules of the General Law for Personal Data Protection are applicable to these systems, but that the law must be observed as much as possible, to resolve the risk of violations, and illegitimate exposure of personal information is the main one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The work developed a software application aimed at working with cyber security standards and XML format files. The goal of this software application is to simplify the process of working with cybersecurity standards in XML format. The application will have an intuitive interface that will allow users to conveniently create, edit and view XML files related to cyber security. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) develops and publishes standards that include recommendations and best practices for cybersecurity. These standards reflect global norms and best practices in the field of cyber security and are widely used in business and other sectors to ensure safety on the Internet. The main tasks of such a software product are to ensure comfortable and convenient interaction of the user with the content of cyber security standards, to create a platform for searching for the definitions required by the user in the standard and to interact with the text, as well as to provide the possibility of forming XML files according to a defined scheme based on existing files of cyber security standards in PDF format XML is a widespread format for storing and transmitting data and is most often used for storing technical documentation, therefore, in the context of storing standards, this format is quite promising and opens up more versatile opportunities for interaction with them. In the work, an analysis of the subject area and modern existing analogues was carried out - as a result of the analysis, it was found that all analogues do not provide the necessary tasks, and a list of tags and attributes was developed for the internal structuring of XML files of cyber security standards. The results of this work can be used during the educational process for the purpose of quick access for both teachers and students to the necessary standards and definitions, as well as comparison of definitions of terms from different standards. The practical value of this software product lies in the possibility of its active use by all participants of the educational process, as well as interested persons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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A presente investigação reflete sobre o funcionamento discursivo de tags em um vídeo de mulher jornalista disponível no site pornográfico Xvideos. A pesquisa se insere no campo da Análise Materialista do Discurso e a elaboração teórica da análise é realizada a partir da designação. Como objeto de análise, foi tomado um dos milhões de vídeos disponíveis no site, o qual expõe uma mulher jornalista no exercício da profissão, apresentando a previsão do tempo em um telejornal da rede aberta de televisão. Consideramos que a relação estabelecida entre o vídeo e as tags selecionadas estão relacionadas ao funcionamento de uma formação discursiva sexualizadora, a qual naturaliza os efeitos de sentido relacionados ao corpo feminino como corpo-mercadoria existente em uma conjuntura sócio-histórica-ideológica patriarcal.

A novel non-invasive system has been developed to measure transdermally emitted hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from the upper and lower limbs of human subjects. The transdermal arterial gasotransmitter sensor (TAGS™) has previously been shown to detect low levels of H2S ranging between 1 and 100 ppb considered relevant for physiological measurements (Shekarriz et al. 2020). This study was designed to compare its measurement precision in detecting transdermal H2S to a commercially available chemiluminescent device, the H2S-selective Ecotech Serinus 55 TRS™. Although TAGS™ does in-situ and real-time sampling, the comparative studies in this paper collected gases emitted from the lower arm of 10 heathy human subjects between the ages of 30 and 60. Three replicate samples of each individual were collected for 30 min in a sealed 10 L Tedlar® bag to allow readings from the same sample by both devices. Readings from the TAGS™ system correlated strongly with the values obtained from the Serinus™ device, both ranging between 0.31 ppb/min and 2.21 ppb/min, with a correlation coefficient of R2 = 0.8691, p

This article aims to describe and analyse graffiti arts and tags in the city of Nouméa, the capital of New Caledonia, a multicultural and multilingual city which is home to people who have moved from many different areas of New Caledonia and other countries of the South Pacific. I aim to understand how the citizens of Nouméa use graffiti and tags to construct their plural identities and identify themselves as Nouméens, as residents of Nouméan suburbs, and as people from other regions, with continued attachment and identification to these areas (tribal villages, islands, countries) of origin. How do they express these multiple senses of belonging? Which visual symbols, words, linguistic codes and norms do they use? How can this literacy help younger generations simultaneously reclaim their urban spaces ('I'm from here and elsewhere', 'I have my place in this city!') and assert their Oceanic identities? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]