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Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: the pandemic of COVID-19 has led to clinical complications such as avascular necrosis of the femoral head (AVNFH) associated with the use of corticosteroids. The aim of the study is to report the functional and radiographic results of 13 patients with post-COVID-19 ANFH after decompression using Forage and bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC). Material and methods: single-center, prospective, uncontrolled clinical study. From April 2020 to September 2021, 13 patients (21 hips) with post-COVID-19 ANFH were treated. All received corticosteroids during infection (average daily dose: 480 mg). Clinical, radiographic and magnetic resonance imaging evaluations were performed; the Ficat classification was applied for the classification of AVNFH. The surgical technique used was decompression with Forage and ACMO. Results: the mean age was 47 years, with a follow-up of 30.4 months. Symptoms appeared with a mean of 4.2 months after COVID-19 infection. Harris score improved from 41.2 ± 5.2 to 86.6 ± 3.4. Radiographic evaluation showed that 14.3% of the sample experienced femoral head collapse and underwent total hip arthroplasty. Conclusions: post-COVID-19 ANFH is a clinical entity with rapid progression and different degrees of severity. Decompression with Forage and ACMO seems a promising initial treatment, however, the variable response and the probability of collapse emphasize the importance of longterm follow-up and identification of patients who may require additional interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To evaluate the impact of cholecalciferol (D3) supplementation using clinical and paraclinical variables in patients with RA and vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency. Methods: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study included patients from 5 to 40 years with a diagnosis of RA and vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency. They were supplemented for 8 weeks with 4000 or 5000 IU, depending on age. Total nasal symptoms score (TNSS) was measured monthly and 25(OH)D3 levels at baseline and at the end of the study. Results: A total of 31 patients were included, with a mean age of 18.19 years. In the active group, there was a significant improvement in symptomatology with respect to the TNSS score and an increase in serum vitamin D levels (p < 0.01). There were no adverse reactions with cholecalciferol or placebo. Conclusions: Supplementing patients with vitamin D3, at the evaluated dose, together with conventional treatment for allergic rhinitis results in symptoms and quality of life improvement in patients with this disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objetivos: Evaluar el impacto de la suplementación con colecalciferol (D3) mediante variables clínicas y paraclínicas en pacientes con RA e insuficiencia y deficiencia de vitamina D. Métodos: Estudio aleatorio, doble ciego, placebo controlado, en el que se incluyeron pacientes de 5 a 40 años, con diagnóstico de RA e insuficiencia y deficiencia de vitamina D. Fueron suplementados con 4000 o 5000 UI, dependiendo de la edad, durante 8 semanas. Mensualmente se midió la puntuación total síntomas nasales (TNSS) y las concentraciones de 25(OH)D3 al inicio y al final del estudio. Resultados: Se incluyeron 31 pacientes, con una edad promedio de 18.19 años. En el grupo activo existió una mejoría significativa en la sintomatología respecto a la puntación de TNSS y un incremento en los niveles séricos de vitamina D (p < 0.01). No se presentaron reacciones adversas con la ingesta de colecalciferol o placebo. Conclusiones: Suplementar a los pacientes con vitamina D3, a la dosis evaluada, junto con el tratamiento convencional para la rinitis alergica resulta en una mejoría sintomática y en la calidad de vida de los pacientes con esta enfermedad. Palabras clave: Rinitis alérgica, Vitamina D, Placebo, Colecalciferol, Suplementación.

The poultry industry is one of the fastest growing sectors worldwide and the same is true in Ecuador. In recent years, several viable alternatives to the use of antibiotic growth promoters (APC) have been sought with greater emphasis, creating the need to replace them with natural additives of plant origin such as essential oils, because they have compounds with potential benefits, being additives of healthy, safe and nutritious foods used as growth promoters in animal feed, one of them is oregano (Origanum vulgare) for having properties such as antioxidants and antimicrobials. This article reviews theoretical assessments regarding the addition of Origanum vulgare in the feeding of broiler chickens, a systematic review was carried out and methods such as analytical - synthetic were required to find the main theoretical conceptions on the state of the art about the topic. In the different literatures reviewed, it is proven that the use of oregano essential oils has an influence on the improvement of productive and health parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ergogenecity of caffeine (CAF) and pre-exercise music have been studied extensively in male and mixed-gender groups, but there is limited information on their synergistic effects in females. This study assessed the effects of combining a low dose of CAF with warm-up music on taekwondo specific performance, perceived exertion (RPE), and psychological aspects in female athletes. In a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled crossover study, 16 female taekwondo athletes (M ± SD; age: 17.69 ± 0.60 years) performed the taekwondo-specific agility test (TSAT), 10 s frequency speed of kick test (FSKT-10s) and its multiple version (FSKT-mult) under the following conditions: 1) no supplement with music (NS+M); 2) no supplement without music (control); 3) CAF without music (CAF+NM), 4) placebo without music (PL+NM), 5) CAF with music (CAF+M), 6) PL with music (PL+M). After each test, athletes rated their RPE, feeling scale (FS), felt arousal scale (FAS) and physical enjoyment (PACES). CAF+M induced better physical performance than other conditions on the FSKT-10s, FSKT-mult, and more desirable psychophysiological responses including RPE post_TSAT, RPE post_FSKT-10s, PACES post_FSKT-10s, FS, FAS post_warm-up, FAS post_FSKT-10s and FAS post_FSKTmult (all p < 0.05). Except for PL+M, CAF+M also elicited more desirable responses than other conditions for FAS post_TSAT (p < 0.05). Furthermore, CAF+M and CAF+NM conditions enhanced TSAT, PACES post_TSAT, RPE post_FSKTmult greater than the other conditions (p < 0.05). Preceding warm-up music stimulus with a low dose of CAF may be a more efficient strategy to enhance physical performance and affective valence in female taekwondo athletes compared with using either strategy in isolation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Arbitrada Interdisciplinaria de Ciencias de la Salud, Salud & Vida is the property of Fundacion Koinonia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Ciencia y Tecnología Agropecuaria is the property of Agrosavia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objetivo. Evaluar el efecto de la suplementación con granos secos de destilería más solubles (DDGS) sobre los parámetros de la fermentación ruminal in situ en vacunos pastoreando sorgo forrajero. Materiales y métodos: Cuatro novillos Hereford (793 ± 73 kg peso vivo) provistos de cánula ruminal pastoreando sorgo forrajero con encierro diurno y sombra artificial fueron asignados al azar en diseño crossover a dos tratamientos: sin suplemento (SS) y suplementados (CS), con DDGS. El diseño experimental comprendió dos períodos de 14 días (10 transición entre dietas; 4 de mediciones). Resultados: La suplementación no afectó el consumo de MS de forraje (P > 0,05), pero sí aumentó el consumo total (P < 0,05). El tratamiento CS presentó menor pH ruminal (6,17 vs. 6,55; (P < 0,05) y mayor concentración N_NH4 (P < 0,05). La degradabilidad efectiva de la MS fue 51,25% sin diferencias entre tratamientos (P > 0,05), mientras que la degradabilidad efectiva de la FDN fue menor CS (P < 0,05). La digestibilidad de la MS (65,75 vs 60,75%) y de la FDN (68,50 vs 62,50%) fue menor CS. Conclusión: La suplementación con DDGS disminuyó el pH ruminal y aumentó las concentraciones de N_NH4, disminuyendo la degradabilidad efectiva de la fibra y la digestibilidad de la MS y FDN.

El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar los efectos de la suplementación con proteína y cobre en cabras lecheras naturalmente infectadas con nematodos gastrointestinales (NGI) en el Valle de Lerma, provincia de Salta, Argentina. Se analizaron tres grupos de 10 animales cada uno: GSP (grupo suplementado con 19% de proteína y cobre administrado por vía subcutánea a razón de 0,5 ml por cada 20 kg de peso al inicio del ensayo), GSPD (grupo suplementado con proteína y cobre como GSP y desparasitados mensualmente con Derquantel + Abamectina), y GC (grupo control, sin suplementación ni desparasitación). Se realizaron monitoreos cada 15 días desde principios de marzo de 2021 hasta el parto, a fines de julio de 2021. Además, los animales fueron examinados clínicamente y se determinó su condición de Famacha y corporal. Se examinó hematocrito y proteínas séricas, y se realizaron análisis coprológicos para confirmar y determinar la prevalencia de nematodos y EPG. Luego del parto, se midió la producción diaria de leche de cada animal hasta los 90 días de lactancia. Los géneros NGI prevalentes fueron Haemonchus y Trichostrongylus. En el momento del parto, CG difirió significativamente en el recuento de huevos NGI promedio de GSP y GSPD, con 4035 (±4873.8) para CG, 1225 (±1173.5) para GSP y 983 (±1854.8) para GSPD. En cuanto a los parámetros fisiológicos, el hematocrito fue de 27,7% (±4,4) en GC; 31,7% (±5,1) en GSP y 32% (±3,5) en GSPD; las proteínas séricas totales fueron 4 g/dl (±0,62) en GC, 5,8 g/dl (±0,69) en GSP y 6,2 g/dl (±0,61) en GSPD. La producción de leche en los grupos tratados (GSPD: 167,7 l ± 18,2 l; GSP: 153,3 ± 18,2 l) fue mayor que en el GC (85,7 ± 19,2 l). La suplementación proteica tuvo un efecto positivo sobre los parámetros parasitológicos, fisiológicos y productivos. Bajo las condiciones de este estudio, sería recomendable suplementar a los animales 45 días antes del parto para mejorar el control de NGI y la producción de leche.

El objetivo del presente ensayo fue determinar el momento oportuno para suplementar a las cabras en gestación en el Departamento San Rafael, provincia de Mendoza. Para el mismo se utilizaron 45 cabras adultas raza Criolla del Sur de Mendoza. El trabajo se realizó en una ganadería de la comunidad de Los Tres Cerritos, ubicada a unos 110 km. al sur de la ciudad de San Rafael, en donde se practica ganadería caprina extensiva, con trashumancia estival. El primer grupo (GI=n15) se lo suplementó durante el segundo tercio de gestación, el segundo grupo en el último tercio (GII=n15) y el tercer grupo (GIII=n15) se utilizó como grupo control. La alimentación se realizó en forma extensiva y libre, sobre un pastizal natural en recuperación de la región, la que corresponde a una zona de transición entre la Región del Monte y Patagonia. La suplementación consistió, en todos loscasos, en una ración diaria de 500 gramos de fardo de alfalfa y 250 gramos de maíz partido al regreso del pastoreo. El pesaje de las cabras se realizó con una balanza electrónica de 100 kg de máxima y 50 gramos de precisión al momento del servicio, al final del segundo tercio de gestación, al final del tercer tercio de gestación, 2 días después de la parición y al momento del destete; mientras que las crías se pesaron al nacimiento, 15, 45 y 60 días de edad. El diseño experimental respondió a un modelo completamente aleatorizado y las medias y desviaciones estándar se estudiaron por Análisis de la Varianza y Test de Tukey, aplicando el paquete estadístico InfoStat 2.0.

Durante los últimos años se ha incentivado la suplementación con omega 3 durante el embarazo principalmente debido a la evidencia que mostraría beneficios en el desarrollo neuronal y visual del hijo en gestación, y a la prevención de patologías obstétricas asociadas a un aumento de la morbi-mortalidad perinatal. Los ácidos grasos poliinsaturados (PUFAs) omega 3, específicamente el ácido eicosapentaenoico (EPA) y el ácido docosahexaenoico (DHA), poseen propiedades antiinflamatorias, vasodilatadoras, además de propiedades anti-agregantes, las cuales han estimulado el uso de PUFAs en la prevención de enfermedades cardiovasculares. En esta revisión detallamos los efectos de la suplementación con omega 3 en diferentes aspectos del embarazo tales como la prevención del parto prematuro, preeclampsia, depresión post-parto y mejora del metabolismo durante la diabetes gestacional. Si bien existen diversos ensayos clínicos randomizados que estudian la suplementación con omega 3 durante la gestación, la evidencia sigue siendo no concluyente, debido a la variabilidad de las dosis y tiempo de administración. Ciertamente, un mayor número de estudios de calidad son necesarios para determinar el real impacto de la suplementación con omega 3 durante la gestación en la prevención de patologías obstétricas.

The objective of this trial was to determine the appropriate time to supplement pregnant goats in the San Rafael Department, Mendoza province. 45 adult goats of Creole breed from the South of Mendoza were used. The work was carried out in a ranch in the community of Los Tres Cerritos, located about 110 km south of the city of San Rafael, where extensive goat farming is practiced, with summer transhumance. The first group (GI=n15) was supplemented during the second third of pregnancy, the second group in the last third (GII=n15) and the third one (GIII=n15) was used as a control group. Feeding was carried out extensively and freely, on a recovering natural pasture in the region, which corresponds to a transition zone between the Monte Region and Patagonia. The supplementation consisted, in all cases, on a daily ration of 500 grams of bales of alfalfa and 250 grams of broken corn, upon return from grazing. Goats were weighed with an electronic scale of 100 kg maximum and 50 grams of precision at the time of service, at the end of the second third of gestation, at the end of the third third of gestation, 2 days after calving and at weaning time; while the pups were weighed at birth, 15, 45 and 60 days of age. The experimental design responded to a completely randomized model and the means and standard deviations were studied by Analysis of Variance and Tukey's Test, applying the statistical package InfoStat 2.0. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the West Coast of Uruguay, on six ha of forage sorghum, the effect of supplementation with more soluble dry distillery grains and day confinement with shade was evaluated on the productive performance of Hereford steers, which graze forage sorghum. A total of forty-eight steers (267 ± 29.5 kg) were randomly assigned to four treatments in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement: free grazing without supplement, free grazing with supplement, day confinement without supplement, day confinement with supplement (n=2. 6 steers/repetition). It was grazed in weekly strips, with allocation of 8 kg of dry matter of grass/100 kg of live weight. Between 10:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m., the animals with day confinement were moved from the grass to a near pen, provided with water and artificial shade. The supplementation with more soluble dry distillery grains improved productive performance, regardless of grazing management. Supplementation increased dry matter intake and increased live weight gain 2.9 times, with a weight gain response of 0.928 kg/d and supplement conversion efficiency of 3.1:1 (supplement intake, kg/response in LW gain, kg). The day confinement improved the thermal welfare of animals and did not affect the intake of dry matter or grazing activity. However, it was not enough to express improvements in mean daily gain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the Colombian tropic, it is necessary to establish feeding strategies that increase productivity and reduce costs. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of totumo, mango, and wild guava silage on in vitro digestibility, degradability, and productive parameters in dual-purpose cows. This study was carried out on a farm located in the municipality of Puerto Boyacá. Thirty-two Gyr x Holstein cows (Body weight = 460 ± 35 kg) in early lactation were enrolled and distributed in four groups of eight individuals: T1: control group: no silage; T2: Wild guava silage; T3: Totumo silage and T4: Mango silage. All the cows remained in a rotational grazing system with Brachiaria decumbens, water, and a salt-based mineral supplement ad libitum. There were no differences (p>0,05) in the daily milk production. However, protein levels in milk were higher (p<0,05) in the T2 and T4 treatments. NUL was more elevated in T2 and lower in T4. Silage consumption was higher (p<0,05) in T4, and the body condition score was higher for T2 and T4. For the degradability and digestibility parameters in vitro, treatments T2, T3, and T4 obtained the highest values. Fruits silage supplementation on dual-purpose cows with silage fruits can increase milk protein levels and body condition score. Those silages have a high rate of degradation and in vitro digestibility, representing a feeding alternative for ruminants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of the study was to analyze the psychological effects of beetroot juice supplementation in highperformance field hockey players. The hypothesis raised in the research was that beetroot juice supplementation has an impact on mood, more specifically increasing Tension and Vigor. On the other hand, differences in State Anxiety and Satisfaction are not expected. The sample used for this study consisted of nine participants between the 18 and 32 years old. This was a doubleblind, randomized study. The sample participated in two sessions where they consumed supplement or placebo. Before starting the practice session, the subjects completed the POMS and CSAI-2R questionnaires. At the end of the practice session players completed the Satisfaction Scale. The results obtained indicate that there were no significant differences in any dimension of the POMS questionnaire except in the Confusion dimension. Also, there were no significant differences in the Anxiety and Satisfaction scales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to review the importance of the supplementation of functional amino acids (AA) in the diets of starting-growing pigs on the intestinal health, development and growth. Functional AAs are those that participate in and regulate key metabolic pathways to improve the health, survival, growth, development, lactation, and reproduction of pigs at some specific physiological stages. During stress periods and critical physiological stages, pigs have a higher dietary requirement for some AAs (1-1.5% of arginine, 1% of glutamate, 0.8-2% of glutamine, 0.5-1% proline, 0.5-2% of glycine, branched-chain AA, 0.4-0.6% of threonine, 0.12-1% of methionine, and 0.2-0.4% of tryptophan) to achieve the optimum growth performance, since, the increase of these AA allows to maintain the intestinal health and facilitates the normal functioning of the intestine. The application of the functional AA concept in the diet formulation allows to understand and assess that the extra addition represents a viable option to fortify the immune system and to promote intestinal growth and development. In conclusion, the dietary inclusion of functional AA in young pigs improves intestinal health, development and growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Universitaria is the property of Universidad de Guanajuato/Acta Universitaria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of the Selva Andina Animal Science is the property of Fundacion Selva Andina Research Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Humans interact with wildlife regularly, mostly without conflict. Interactions between humans and bears, however, have a history of conflict. Using data from female black bears in two populations, we compared behaviors related to a series of hypotheses about habituation and food supplementation via research feeding. We livetrapped bears in the southern boreal forests and cove forests of the Pisgah National Forest, North Carolina, in barrel traps or modified leg-hold snares and outfitted them with very high frequency (VHF) transmitters, for 95 bear-years of data. In the southern boreal forests of Superior National Forest, Minnesota, we habituated bears and outfitted them with VHF collars supplemented with GPS units, for 42 bear-years. Some human residents of the Superior study area fed local black bears and we established a research feeding site. Bears in both populations avoided roads and habituated: Superior bears avoided houses where they were not fed; the study site for Pisgah bears (no habituation or feeding) had too few houses to test for avoidance. Bears in both populations gained weight faster during their active seasons when wild foods were abundant. Habituated, supplemented Superior bears averaged a smaller proportion of a day active, longer activity bouts, and less sinuous movements than did not-habituated or supplemented Pisgah bears. The bears in the two populations did not differ with respect to distances traveled per 2 h or mean lengths of activity bouts. The abundance of wild foods affected time active, distance traveled, and sinuosity of travel by not-habituated or supplemented Pisgah bears. Females in breeding condition in both populations were more active, had longer activity bouts, traveled further, and had more linear travel in spring and early summer while females with cubs pushed these activities into late summer and autumn. This timing pattern for bout length, distance moved, and sinuosity was less pronounced for habituated and research-fed Superior bears than for not-habituated or supplemented Pisgah bears. Thus, habituation to a small number of researchers appeared to not affect many behaviors of bears in our habituated and research-fed Superior population; research feeding appeared to affect some behaviors in a manner consistent with a food supply that had low annual variance. Because we have samples of one for each treatment (one site with habituation and feeding, one site without), our results do not establish that differences documented between the populations were caused by the differences in habituation and feeding. The effects of habituation, research feeding, or other forms of food supplementation on backcountry behaviors of black bears need broader testing across the range of black bears. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

En Argentina, la categoría vaca de refugo se considera un subproducto y se comercializa a bajo valor. Sin embargo, el 50% de los kg vendidos de la producción nacional actual corresponden a la categoría vacuna de hembras. Por un lado, esta situación lleva al sector ganadero a buscar una oportunidad para generar alternativas en la obtención de productos que permitan aumentar su valor. Los taninos son compuestos polifenólicos de origen vegetal usados en la producción bovina como forraje o como suplemento. Estos, en dietas suministradas a rumiantes, permiten mejorar la ganancia de peso diario, son aditivos naturales, no presentan restricciones en su utilización como otros, y podrían impactar positivamente en la calidad de la carne. Por otro lado, en respuesta a la demanda del consumidor de alimentos listos para consumir, uno de los procesos más usados por la industria es el sous-vide (SV), que consiste en “cocción al vacío”, seguido de almacenamiento refrigerado, permitiendo dar un importante agregado de valor al producto. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar el efecto suplementación con taninos en alimentación de vacas de refugo y el tiempo de almacenamiento refrigerado sobre los atributos sensoriales del músculo semitendinosus (SD) procesado mediante cocción SV. Se realizaron dos tratamientos, suplementación con taninos (SCT): ensilaje de sorgo con suplementación energética / proteica con agregado de taninos de quebracho colorado (Schinopsis balansae) a una ración de 2 g/100 g materia seca y suplementación sin taninos (SST): ensilaje de sorgo con suplementación energética / proteica sin agregado de taninos. En cada tratamiento se utilizaron 12 vacas de refugo Hereford (6 mm EGD) faenadas en un frigorífico local. De cada media res izquierda, se tomaron los músculos SD los cuales se envasaron y congelaron. Para el proceso SV, los músculos se descongelaron (1 ± 0,5 °C), se acondicionaron y se envasaron al vacío. La cocción se realizó en un equipo autoclave hasta alcanzar 70 °C - 2 min en el punto de mínimo tratamiento. Posteriormente, se realizó el almacenamiento refrigerado (1 ± 0,5 °C) durante 0, 7, 14 y 21 días. El perfil sensorial del producto cocido se realizó mediante un análisis descriptivo cuantitativo . Los resultados se analizaron estadísticamente mediante análisis de varianza de dos factores y prueba de comparación de medias de Tukey (P0,05) en el flavor, aroma, tejido conectivo y jugosidad. La interacción entre la suplementación y el tiempo de almacenamiento refrigerado resultó significativa para los atributos de terneza inicial y sostenida. No obstante, no se observaron diferencias en estos atributos, para SST y SCT, entre el inicio y el final del tiempo de almacenamiento refrigerado. En general, durante todo el tiempo de almacenamiento refrigerado, los valores de flavor y aroma del producto cocido se mantuvieron en el rango 4 a 5.

Durante el destete los lechones presentan baja capacidad digestiva por la limitada secreción de las enzimas encargadas de digerir alimentos afectando el desempeño productivo de los mismos, con lo que resulta necesario suplementar con enzimas de manera exógena. Para esto, 12 lechones machos enteros mestizos de razas no definidas recién destetados fueron empleados con el objetivo de evaluar los efectos de la utilización de enzimas α-amilasa y lipasa sobre el desempeño productivo. Se utilizó el diseño experimental de bloques aleatorizados, con tres tratamientos (T1: testigo, T2: α-amilasa y T3: Lipasa) y cuatro repeticiones. Los datos fueron sometidos a ANAVA y las medias comparadas por el test de Duncan (p

El destete en mamíferos es un evento de máximo estrés que genera un desgaste metabólico con movilización de nutrientes para el mantenimiento de la homeostasis corporal. Los lechones en el destete experimentan descenso del consumo de alimento y menor rendimiento productivo. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el efecto de la suplementación alimenticia de aminoácidos de cadena ramificada (AACR) en lechones destetados mediante la medición del rendimiento productivo y pruebas bioquímicas en sangre. Se utilizó un total de 16 lechones distribuidos en cuatro tratamientos: T1 = Testigo 1 (sin suplemento lácteo); T2 = Testigo 2 (suplemento lácteo - SL); T3 = SL + 0,5% AACR y T4 = SL + 1% AACR de la composición del suplemento lácteo. Los lechones de los cuatro grupos presentaron un rendimiento productivo similar en todas las variables analizadas: ganancia diaria de peso, consumo de alimento y conversión alimenticia. Respecto a las variables sanguíneas tampoco se encontró diferencia estadística. La suplementación de AACR a través del alimento no mejoró el rendimiento productivo ni las variables bioquímicas en lechones destetados a los 28 días tras 7 días de administración.

Introduction: International health institutions have implemented protocols and nutritional health policies in the promotion of health and brain development. However, these policies do not usually extend to preschool age, being a stage of important changes and very dynamic development. Therefore the objective of this work is to carry out a review of the information available about nutritional needs throughout the process of human development, emphasizing the main micronutrients, their role in development and what the evidence tells us about the effects of it lack. A review of scientific evidence and recommendations of international scientific societies has been carried out. Different nutrients are required for different parts of a baby's development, including Vitamin D and calcium for bone development, DHA and choline for brain development as well as iron, zinc, vitamins A, D, B12 and folate, which meet different important roles and whose deficiencies lead to serious health disorders. Childhood is a critical period in which the foundations for future well-being are laid. A good nutritional status during childhood and adolescence is vital for normal growth and development. However, studies in Spanish pediatric populations indicate a lack of micronutrients (especially vitamin D, E, folate, calcium, and magnesium) in the diet of more than half of participating children. There may be situations of risk of suffering from vitamin and mineral deficiencies. Appropriate supplementation can provide nutrients during periods of increased physical and mental exertion, illness, and when dietary intake is not optimal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Veterinaria is the property of Universidad Nacional del Nordeste and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Compendium of Veterinary Sciences / Compendio de Ciencias Veterinarias is the property of Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias de la Universidad Nacional de Asuncion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La obesidad se caracteriza por una acumulación excesiva de grasa corporal y es un problema de salud pública creciente en todo el mundo. La alta prevalencia de deficiencia de vitamina D en pacientes obesos ha sido bien documentada y se atribuye principalmente a un efecto dilucional por una mayor cantidad de tejido adiposo. Aún no ha sido establecido si la deficiencia de vitamina D es una causa concreta de obesidad, si la obesidad causa deficiencia de vitamina D, o si entre ambas forman un círculo vicioso. Sin embargo, se ha documentado que dicha deficiencia podría exacerbar el proceso evolutivo natural de la obesidad, aumentando el riesgo de desarrollar comorbilidades. La suplementación con vitamina D en esta población es un área de investigación cada vez más popular debido a sus posibles beneficios, sin embargo, también existen estudios con resultados no concluyentes sobre su utilidad. Esta revisión examina las causas de la deficiencia de vitamina D en pacientes obesos, las consecuencias clínicas de dicha deficiencia, y la evidencia sobre el valor de su suplementación en este grupo poblacional.

Copyright of Tropical Grasslands / Forrajes Tropicales is the property of International Centre for Tropical Agriculture - CIAT and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutrición is the property of Sociedad Latinoamericana de Nutricion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Colombian sheep production is carried out in extensive pastures with a low percentage of protein and high fiber levels that lead to low weight gains. The aim of this study was to evaluate intake, digestibility, rumen kinetics, and blood metabolites in hair lambs fed Samanea saman and Cordia dentata. Twelve hair lambs were distributed in an experimental 4x4 Latin square design, with four treatments and four experimental periods. Treatments were T1:100 % Dichanthium spp hay, T2: 80 % Dichanthium spp hay, 20 % S. saman, T3: 80 % Dichanthium spp hay, 20 % C. dentata, T4: 80 % Dichanthium spp hay, 10 % S. saman, and 10 % C. dentata. The highest nutrients intakes were obtained with diets containing tree foliage compared with the T1 diet (p<0,05). In vivo and In vitro digestibility of DM, OM and, NDF of tree leaves diets showed higher values than the T1 diet (p<0,05). Digestible and metabolizable energy were similar between tree leaves diets (p<0,05). Blood urea nitrogen values were superior for animals fed the T2 diet (p<0,05). Degradability values at 96 hours were higher for the T2 diet (p<0,05). Potential degradability was superior for the T3 diet. The results of this study demonstrate that S. saman and C. dentata leaves improve nutrients intake and digestibility. Therefore, they can be an alternative for sheep in the tropical dry forest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intestinal diversion techniques, or ostomies, are used in the pediatric age as temporary surgical treatment of some congenital malformations or acquired conditions, y and they can be done in different segments of the bowel. Patients with ileostomies have great hydroelctrolytic losses, and acid-base imbalance, that have repercussion in growth and development, due to the por adaptation of the residual functional bowel. These patients have frequent readmissions. The objective of this review is to show the physiological basis of sodium supplementation in these cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In Colombia, buffalo production has been growing significantly. Buffaloes adapt well to alluvial areas, which are characterized by the presence of native grass species, such as Hymenachne amplexicaulis. Objective: To evaluate the effect of different strategies of supplementation on the productive performance and ingestive behavior of calves managed in pastures with a predominance of Hymenachne amplexicaulis. Materials and methods: Thirty Murrah calves, weighing 67.5 (SD=2) kg and 4 months old, were randomly assigned to three treatments: SS: no supplementation; SM: mineral supplement and SM+C: mineral supplement + concentrate (0.5% body weight). The animals grazed in meadows with a predominance of Hymenachne amplexicaulis, and at night they received the supplement in pens. The variables studied were weight gain and time spent on different eating behaviors, in addition to biting rate and feeding stations. Results: The mineral mixture consumption was 33.8 g in the SM and SM+C groups, and the balanced consumption was 149.3 g. The supply of SM and SM+C produced an extra increase in weight gain of 68 and 227 g, respectively (p < 0.001). Supplemented animals grazed longer (p<0.001) and ruminated less time (p =0.001). The benefit/cost ratio for the SM and SM+C treatments was 4.2 and 4.3, respectively. Conclusion: Under the study conditions, the supplementation strategies evaluated improved the performance of the animals and presented economic viability, especially the simultaneous offer of mineral mix and balanced feed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Contextualization: Ruminants have a comparative advantage over other species, because their ability to digest the fiber fractions present in forages. Knowledge gap: In tropical regions, due to changing environmental conditions, it is more difficult to produce pastures of high nutritional quality, resulting in forage seasonality that leads to supplementation with commercial feedstuffs that increase production costs. Purpose: Evaluate the effect of supplementation with hydroponic green fodder (HGF) and organoponic green fodder (OGF) of corn on the productive performance of sheeps during the rearing phase, in the Amazonian piedmont of the Department of Putumayo. Methodology: Twelve whole Dorper lambs, aged 90 days and weighing 14.62 kg, were used. They were distributed to three treatments consisting of: T0: base diet (BD), T1: hydroponic green fodder (HGF), T2: organoponic green fodder (OGF). Total weight gain (TWG), daily weight gain (DWG), total feed intake (TFI), feed conversion (FC) and feed efficiency (FE) were evaluated during a supplementation period of 45 days. A completely randomized design was used. Data was analyzed by analysis of variance and means were separated by Tukey's test with a significance level of (p<0.05). Results and conclusions: Differences (p < 0.05) were found in TWG 3.66 kg (T1), 3.61 kg (T2) and 2.35 kg (T0); similarly, to DWG 81.39 g (Tl), 80.30 g (T2) and 52.22 g (T0); TFI 1.33 kg (T1), 1. 27 kg (T2) and 1.05 kg (T0); the FC was estimated for T1 at 3.23, 3.27 in T2 and 5.13 in T0; and the FE was 0.063 (T1), 0.061 (T2) and 0.050 (TO), evidencing the influence of the type of diet used. The implementation of HGF and OGF becomes a viable alternative for food supplementation in sheeps production systems, where environmental conditions make it difficult to cultivate forage for grazing. It was concluded that the inclusion of 30 % of corn HGF in the diet of growing sheep improves their productive performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Different nutritional factors affect the resumption of postpartum ovarian activity in dual-purpose cattle in the tropical region. First, this review establishes the importance of reducing postpartum anestrus in cows to achieve greater reproductive performance. Next sections describe how each nutritional component has affected reproductive parameters. In most of the studies analyzed, comparisons of reproductive parameters were made between a group receiving the treatment and the control group. Then, a series of strategies to improve reproduction in dual-purpose cattle were described. Finally, the conclusions and practical implications were presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective is to present the process of evaluating and confirming the indicators of High Abilities/Giftedness of a student, pre and post-offer for intracurricular and extracurricular enrichment. The research is descriptive, of the casuistic type. A student with indicators of High Abilities/Giftedness, enrolled in the early years of Elementary School from a state public school in the state of São Paulo, participated in the study. Data collection was carried out at the school and at the Applied Psychology Center of a Public University in the city through a multimodal assessment, involving a battery of instruments applied to the mother and student, including pedagogical, psychological and psychomotor assessment. The results indicated that the student has strong indicators of High Abilities/Giftedness, demonstrating above-average performance, especially in mathematics, reading and writing, which could be confirmed by both the pedagogical and psychological assessment, and high performance in the area of psychomotricity. Offering intra and extra-curricular enrichment has contributed to improving the student's performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Contextualización: Los rumiantes tienen una ventaja comparativa con relación a otras especies, gracias a la capacidad de digerir las fracciones de la fibra presente en los forrajes. Vacío de conocimiento: En regiones tropicales, debido a las condiciones medioambientales cambiantes, se hace más difícil la producción de pasturas de alta calidad nutricional, derivando así en una estacionalidad forrajera. Esto conlleva a que sea necesaria la suplementación con alimentos comerciales para los animales, lo que incrementa los costos de producción. Propósito del estudio: Evaluar el efecto de la suplementación con forraje verde hidropónico (FVH) y forraje verde organopónico (FVO) de maíz sobre el rendimiento productivo de ovinos en fase de levante, en el piedemonte amazónico del Departamento del Putumayo. Metodología: Se utilizaron 12 corderos Dorper enteros con edad de 90 días y peso 14.62 kg, los cuales se distribuyeron para la aplicación de tres tratamientos consistentes en: T0: dieta base (DB), T1: forraje verde hidropónico (FVH) y T2: forraje verde organopónico (FVO). Se evaluó la ganancia de peso total (GPT), ganancia diaria de peso (GDP), consumo total de alimento (CTA), conversión alimenticia (CA) y eficiencia alimenticia (EA) durante un periodo de suplementación de 45 días. Se utilizó un diseño completamente al azar. Los datos se analizaron mediante análisis de varianza y las medias fueron separadas mediante la prueba de Tukey con un nivel de significancia de (p < 0.05). Resultados y conclusiones: Se encontraron diferencias (p < 0.05) en la GPT 3.66 kg (T1), 3.61 kg (T2) y 2.35 kg (T0); de igual manera para la GDP 81.39 g (T1), 80.30 g (T2) y 52.22 g (T0); para el CTA 1.33 kg (T1), 1.27 kg (T2) y 1.05 kg (T0); la CA se estimó para el T1 en 3.23, 3.27 en T2 y 5.13 en T0; y la EA fue de 0.063 (T1), 0.061 (T2) y 0.050 (T0), evidenciando la influencia del tipo de dieta utilizada. La implementación de FVH y FVO se convierte en una alternativa viable de suplementación en los sistemas de producción de ovinos, en los que las condiciones medioambientales hacen difícil el cultivo de forrajes para pastoreo. Se concluye que la inclusión del 30 % de FVH de maíz en la dieta de ovinos en crecimiento mejora su rendimiento productivo.

Introduction: Omega-3 long-chain, polyunsaturated fatty acids are essential, so they must be provided through the diet, as their biological synthesis is limited, making it essential to meet their requirements during physiological stages such as pregnancy and lactation. A narrative review was conducted on the effects of omega-3 supplementation during pregnancy and lactation on the fatty acid composition of breast milk in the first months of life. Eight randomized clinical studies were analyzed, showing a significant increase in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) concentration in breast milk (BM) post-supplementation, compared to control groups. One study evaluated the dose needed to achieve 8 % DHA in erythrocytes and 1 % DHA in BM, reaching these levels with a supplementation close to 1 g of docosahexaenoic acid + eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Finally, a trial was found that used supplementation with small lipid contributions (0,59 g α-linolenic acid (ALA)), without generating significant changes in the DHA composition of LM, but in the ALA content. Therefore, it is inferred that omega-3 supplementation beneficially modifies DHA and EPA levels in the composition of BM in pregnant women and during the lactation stage, although further studies are needed to identify doses, times, beneficial effects on development, and more efficient forms of delivery of omega-3 supplementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Investigación Agraria is the property of Investigacion Agraria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objetivo: caracterización organoléptica, nutricional, microbiológica y digestibilidad in vitro de ensilados de desperdicios de alimentos recolectados en un restaurante de un centro de estudios técnicos y tecnológicos con subproductos de cosecha.Metodología: se realizó un análisis organoléptico, microbiológico, proximal de la composición y digestibilidad in vitro de ensilajes con diferentes niveles de inclusión de desperdicios de alimentos.Resultados: se evidencian características de olor, color y textura óptimas para su palatabilidad, valores nutricionales favorables para el 30, 35 y 40% de inclusión de desperdicios, bajos promedios de proteína, pero con niveles de energía superiores a los del maíz, sorgo y soya. La digestibilidad in vitro de la materia seca (DIVMS) fue mejor para el 35% de inclusión. Así mismo, la Unidad Formadora de Colonias UFC/g para el día 21 fue 1 x10 (Escherichia coli), que se ajusta a las normas para alimentos de animales. Conclusiones: la utilización de ensilados con un 35% de inclusión de desperdicios de alimento puede ser una importante herramienta de suplementación para la alimentación porcina.