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Superior mesenteric thrombosis is a rare disease of acute abdomen; many risk factors have been identified including arrhythmia, deep vein thrombosis, and hematologic or rheumatologic causes. Image study is more helpful than laboratory test. The standard therapy is anticoagulant (unfractionated heparin or low-molecular-weight heparins) administration, but there is still low possibility to need surgery for the complications such as bowel stricture or ischemic bowel disease. We describe the case of acute abdominal pain, the computed tomography showed superior mesenteric thrombosis, and the patient received the therapy with unfractionated heparin and the procedure of superior mesenteric arteriography with intravascular thrombolytic therapy. However, the complication of delayed bowel stricture occurred, which was proved by upper gastrointestinal series. Then, he was cured by surgical intervention with segmental resection of small bowel.

Se describe el caso clínico de un paciente de 59 años de edad, con quistes renales, tratado en la Unidad de Diálisis del Hospital "Alberto Fernández Monte de Oca" del municipio de San Luis, en la provincia de Santiago de Cuba, quien durante el tratamiento hemodialítico presentó dolor abdominal de aparición brusca, difuso, de gran intensidad y se complicó tan gravemente que falleció. El resultado de la necropsia confirmó la presencia de riñones poliquísticos (con 5 kg de peso el derecho y 6 el izquierdo), insuficiencia renal crónica terminal y trombosis mesentérica superior.The case report of a 59 year-old patient with renal cysts, treated in the Dialysis Unit of "Alberto Fernández Monte de Oca" Hospital in San Luis municipality, from Santiago de Cuba is described. He presented with an intense and abrupt, diffused abdominal pain during the hemodialysis treatment, he had serious complications and so he died. The result of the autopsy confirmed the presence of polycystic kidneys (5 kg weight the right one and 6 the left one), terminal chronic renal failure and superior mesenteric thrombosis.