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This article examines the use of clay modeling as an instrument for clinical analysis of the relation to one's own body and to the object. While modeling is a widely-used medium in therapeutic work, we present here the use of the modeled self-portrait as a projective method in a research situation involving sensorial mediation using touch. The aim is to understand how the subject invests and engages a relation with this object, based on the way s/he invests and represents her/his body and sensations. The modeling situation was proposed individually to 19 participants at the first of six meetings. The choice of the modeled self-portrait in this research project is inspired by a psychoanalytical epistemology that enables us to understand the unconscious psychic dimensions of body image and the relation to the object, as well as the concepts of mediation, the projective situation, and transference. In the absence of a pre-existing reference to a systematized methodology for analyzing the self-portrait with modeling clay, we referred to psychoanalytic work on projective tests to construct a qualitative analysis grid based on the material collected. The modeled self-portrait enabled us to take into consideration, from an economic, dynamic, and topical point of view, on the one hand, the content that emerged in the modeling and in the verbalizations that accompanied it, and, on the other hand, the characteristics of the modeling process itself. The modeling situation gave rise to regressive and projective movements, leading the participants to express key elements of their personal history, their sensory situation, and the areas of the body invested or disinvested, as well as their psychic behaviors in relation to the object in the present of this research encounter. We identified four ways in which participants related to modeling, depending on their subjectivity and their position in the research process. The form given to the modeling, its structure, and the parts represented or not provided us with indications of certain features of the participants' body image and the way in which they were able to express it in the space-time of this encounter. We hypothesize that through its connections with the subject's body image, the three-dimensional self-portrait expresses the way in which participants invest their bodies, and sometimes body zones linked to the senses, such as touch, through the modeling activity itself, but also other senses through the elements represented or not, verbalized or not, about the created-modeled object. We present some considerations on the complex connections between the relationship to modeling, to the object of sensory mediation through touch, and to autobiographical speech in the interview situation, considering the participants' verbal and non-verbal productions during the process of this research. Finally, we present the limits of the collection and analysis of results in the context of this research and the present article. The use of the modeled self-portrait has brought out elements that enable us to better understand the psychological underpinnings of the different relations to the mediating object that the participants expressed in this research. Insofar as self-portrait calls upon unconscious elements of both body image and relation to the object, it encounters resistance and defensive modalities in the subject's own psychic functioning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates biological interactions and social structures within psychological frameworks in different manifestations of dominance and suppression classifying into conscious, subconscious, and unconscious mind states by looking at empirical research and theoretical models. This paper then details their mechanisms and impacts on individual and group behavior by looking into intentional, semi-intentional, and non-intentional mechanisms, respectively. This study explores the role that dominance and suppression play in forming social and biological hierarchies as well as individual psychologies, in addition to outlining the traits and outcomes of each type. The results are intended to advance knowledge of power relations in various contexts and offer new perspectives on the advantages and disadvantages of dominance and suppression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A good deal of recent debate over the nature of pleasure and pain has surrounded the alleged phenomenon of unconscious sensory pleasure and pain, or pleasures and pains whose subjects are entirely unaware of them while experiencing them. According to Ben Bramble, these putative pleasures and pains present a problem for attitudinal theories of pleasure and pain, since these theories claim that what makes something a sensory pleasure or pain is that one has a special sort of pro- or con-attitude toward it at the time one experiences it. In this paper, I look at the two existing defences of attitudinal theories against this worry and explain (following Bramble) that each is inadequate. I show that this inadequacy is in part a result of existing attitudinal theories failing to recognize an important distinction in pro- and con-attitudes, and I propose and defend an amended attitudinal view that does recognize this distinction. I then offer a more promising response to the objection from unconscious sensory pleasures and pains: that experiences of apparently unconscious pleasure or pain only seem pleasant or unpleasant because their subjects are disposed to experience pleasantness or unpleasantness. In this sense, unconscious pleasures and pains are not really pleasures or pains at all. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This book review contextualizes Jung and Aging: Possibilities and Potential for the Second Half of Life within feminist considerations while discussing the stage of life and its spiritual and depth psychological possibilities as they apply to women in their 80s and 90s. Included is the Crone archetype and how it contributes to both the book's themes and the theme of this special issue around aging, living, and work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated the relationship between five subconscious psychological factors and marital quality with data collected from 799 married adults in Iran. Participants completed two questionnaires assessing their subconscious factors and the quality of their marriages; questionnaires were based on the Imago theory and developed specifically for this study. Analysis of the data revealed a negative relationship between all five factors and quality of one's marital life. The presence of these factors could lower the quality of marital life. Additionally, among all five factors, defenses had the largest influence on overall marital quality. Therefore, subconscious factors significantly impact marriage quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although hallucinations are a feature of psychosis, they can present in non-psychotic disorders and may occur in non-pathological states. Jung argues that unconscious complexes underpin hallucinations and further observes that some of the symptoms of 'hysteric' patients – including hallucinations – were also common amongst patients with schizophrenia. However, the outward presentation of symptoms was markedly different for each patient group. Jung mobilises his complex theory to explain this difference. We argue that Jung's understanding of hallucinations applies to contemporary healthcare; it frames how hallucinations may manifest in multiple conditions, not just psychosis. This brief report discusses Jung's theories and their continued veracity in contemporary contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the nuances of defensive mental processes in psychotherapy, emphasizing the distinction between conscious and unconscious experiences. Topics include the concepts of unformulated experience and implicit relational knowing, the observable aspects of defenses that can aid therapeutic work, and the significant challenges posed by early trauma in understanding and addressing these defenses.

The author describes the use of media, such as drawing, painting, speaking, digital art, Internet, music, film and writing, as sites of memory in teaching art online during the COVID-19 pandemic. The online class explored students' subconscious minds, personal memory and collective memory using multimedia choice-based art. The outcome of the media teaching and learning are highlighted, including development of a sense of identity through memory as a place of belonging.

Félix Guattari, a French philosopher and psychotherapist often recognized for his collaboration with Gilles Deleuze, also published important work of his own. The way he conceptualizes subjectivity and schizoanalysis (later developed into institutional analysis) can incite us to interpret our social contexts differently and to help frame an emancipatory path in nursing. At La Borde, a psychiatric clinic, subjectivity was seen as the real power that lies within the institutions; invisible and flowing through all levels of the hierarchal structure—like waves—each of them unique but still part of the same ocean. Even with its elusive character, this concept can be wielded through psychotherapeutic techniques of analysis which aim to reduce hierarchies, encourage collaborations, decentralize levers of power and promote initiatives that arise from the base. These concepts deserve further exploration when it comes to modern institutional issues like the ones present in Quebec's (Canada) healthcare system. Therefore, this article borrows theorizations elaborated through psychotherapy and applies them to the hospital institution which is seen as an organized, stable structure (the molar line), while paying attention to fluid, changing processes and the multiplicity of desires for transformation (the molecular line), to promote nursing movements that escape and abolish these structures, creating new possibilities and new forms of thinking (the line of flight). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Nauki o Wychowaniu. Studia Interdyscyplinarne is the property of Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Lodzkiego and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

There is growing recognition that parallel processes are central components of supervision and may be a supervisor's primary source of data about a client's and a therapist's unconscious processes and the ongoing therapeutic relationship between them. The term "parallel processes" refers to the process through which unconscious conflict emerges within one dyad (supervisor–supervisee or supervisee–client) and then becomes reflected or re-enacted in another dyad of the triangle. This paper reviews the literature on parallel processes in social work, according to relational theory. Illustrated here are two case examples featuring particular types of unconscious processes generated within the supervision triad (supervisor, student, and client). In one case the process arose in treatment and was re-enacted in a supervision setting, and in the other case it arose in supervision and was re-enacted in treatment sessions. When analyzed within the setting of group supervision for supervisors-in-training these examples demonstrate some of the core components of bidirectional parallel processes in supervision and their application to social work field education. We used the relational approach and its clinical applications to help supervisors understand the student–client relationship, as well as their own involvement in the intricate interactions that develop between client and student and between student and supervisor. The examples also illustrate how the learning process in groups combines clinical and theoretical material to further the professional growth and development of supervisors and their students, with a view to improving the latters' interventions with clients through parallel processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to explore the creative processes in the pictorial work of Jean-Michel Basquiat (1960–1988). Considered as one of the greatest modern artists, Basquiat's partly tragic trajectory raises questions about his capacity for sublimation of not only Eros but also Thanatos drives. Based on interviews, testimonies, and writings, our method consists first in analyzing Basquiat's biography which, through his subjective experience, questions the difference between creativity and creation. Our results show how a triple trauma Basquiat suffered in his childhood fueled his sublimatory dynamics. These traumatizing events – the death of his older brother, his own near fatal accident, and his mother's mental illness – induced Basquiat to create new solutions in his outstanding art to unite creative and destructive impulses. An in-depth analysis of his pictorial style provides strong evidence for this assumption. In conclusion, we discuss the relevance of psychoanalysis in exploring the lesson that artists and their creative processes can teach us. How do their participation in their unconscious, their personal history, and trauma support or hinder their process of sublimation? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Literature & Humanities / Edebiyat ve Beşeri Bilimler Dergisi is the property of Ataturk University Coordinatorship of Scientific Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

À partir d'une situation clinique tirée d'une recherche doctorale, l'auteure souhaite montrer comment les enjeux psychiques inconscients, réactualisés par la migration et le deuil, peuvent entraver la survenue d'une nouvelle grossesse. Le choix de cette vignette clinique s'explique par sa dimension paradigmatique, la richesse et la qualité des éléments cliniques. Cette situation clinique s'appuie sur une méthodologie qualitative d'analyse descriptive de cas qui intègre la « grounded theory ». L'analyse souligne, sur le plan intrapsychique, des enjeux de l'ordre des traumatismes non élaborés et d'une négativité de la relation à la figure maternelle qui entravent le désir d'enfant. Une prise en charge psychothérapeutique semblerait nécessaire afin d'offrir un espace d'élaboration en cas de non-survenue de la grossesse, d'engager un travail de deuil sur les nombreuses pertes (migratoire, père, des fœtus, et de la fonction reproductive) et de travailler sur la relation à la figure maternelle. Based on a clinical situation taken from doctoral research, the author wishes to show how the unconscious psychic issues re-actualized by migration and bereavement can hinder the occurrence of a subsequent pregnancy. The choice of this clinical vignette is explained by its paradigmatic dimension, the richness, and the quality of clinical elements. This clinical situation is based on a qualitative methodology of descriptive case analysis which integrates the "grounded theory". The analysis underlines, on the intrapsychic level, issues of the order of unelaborated traumas (unplanned mourning) and a negativity of the relationship to the maternal figure which hinder the desire for a child. Psychotherapeutic care would seem to be necessary in order to offer the opportunity for development in the event that the pregnancy did not take place, to initiate a process of grieving over the numerous losses (migration, father, fetuses, reproductive function), and to work on the relationship to the mother figure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is robust evidence to support the relationship between spirituality and mental health, but the mechanisms of this association are not well-understood. The existential meaning provided by spirituality may be one of these mechanisms. This was the central theme of Viktor Frankl's psychology, which he explained using the notion of the spiritual unconscious. Thus, we sought to explain how Frankl understands this spiritual unconscious and the two pieces of evidence he presents for its existence: the phenomenological description of responsible action and the analysis of dreams. Lastly, we discuss his contribution to the current understanding of the relationship between having an overarching purpose and/or religious meaning and improvement in mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The contemporary era has projected themes of spatial uncertainty and existentialism within our cities, and in response, cities have injected a sense of ambiguous complexity in our subconscious. More than ever, our postures are being dictated by global trends redefining our interpretation of the surrounding physical and non-physical settings. This essay is a visual extraction of a short film made by the author in December 2020 entitled Prosody: An Ode to the City, shortlisted for the Audience Award at the 1st edition of the City Space Architecture Film Festival in Bologna. The film is a series of still frames taken as snapshots from several footage shot by the author in two different cities, Weimar and Shanghai, between 2015 and 2017. Such experience is a flaneurie depiction of one's stance in the city and the perceptual element embedded in our subconscious to make sense of our surrounding environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The UK's abundant municipal water supply has resulted in slow progress with the uptake of rainwater harvesting (RWH) systems within the home. Research has indicated that exploring public preferences for domestic RWH are necessary for increasing demand. Here, we use explicit and implicit tests to investigate public perceptions of RWH for non-potable uses, and compare perceptions of respondents with and without domestic RWH systems. RWH is perceived positively by most respondents indicating an openness and acceptance of this technology (and/or lack of strong negative attitudes). Implicit attitudes are generally more positive than explicit, especially in respondents with RWH systems, implying that the positivity is deep-seated in their subconsciousness. We also reveal differences between subconscious (implicit) beliefs and practical difficulties (explicit opinions). Outdoor uses of rainwater are preferred, hence, more work in promoting indoor uses is needed to maximise the resource potential of UK rainfall and uptake of RWH systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The cell-cell signaling mechanisms that are the basis for all of physiology have been used to trace evolution back to the unicellular state, and beyond, to the "First Principles of Physiology". And since our physiology derives from the Cosmos based on Symbiogenesis, it has been hypothesized that the cell behaves like a functional Mobius Strip, having no 'inside or outside' cell membrane surface - it is continuous with the Cosmos, its history being codified from Quantum Entanglement to Newtonian Mechanics, affording the cell consciousness and unconsciousness/subconsciousness as a continuum for the first time. Similarly, Klein and Maimon have concluded that their 'Soft Logic' mathematics also constitutes a Mobius Strip, using both a real number axis, combined with a zero axis, numerically representing cognition. This is congruent with the cell as 'two-tiered' consciousness, the first tier being the real-time interface between the cell membrane and its environment; the second tier constituting integrated physiology, referencing the consciousness of the Cosmos. Thus, there is coherence between physiology, consciousness and mathematics for the first time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), characterized by persistent anger and defiance lasting at least six months, typically emerging by age 8 and affecting up to 11 present of children. Topics include treatment options such as behavioral therapies and hypnosis, as well as the challenges it poses for families and the potential emergence of future conduct disorders if left untreated.

This essay approaches the problem of the act from the perspective of psychoanalysis, which teaches us that the fear of the act as catastrophic—and especially as a mortal threat to the social bond—is often synonymous with the repudiation of the unconscious itself, whether by the individual subject or by the collective. To understand how an act of the unconscious can be received as catastrophic, whether by the actor or by others, we first have to consider both the resistance to the act at the level of the ego and its censorship by culture and civilization. For this we need to be more explicit about the nature of the act with which psychoanalysis is concerned, which is very different from other kinds of acts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Commercial & Intellectual Property Law (TFM) / Ticaret ve Fikri Mülkiyet Hukuku Dergisi is the property of Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Facult of Law and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Starting from a recent book on Derrida and psychoanalysis, I return to the controversy between Lacan and Derrida in the 1970s. Its focus was the letter as interpreted by Lacan in a commentary of Poe's "Purloined Letter". While agreeing with some of Derrida's objections, I conclude that Lacan makes stronger points about the destination of the letter. I give my own example, Kafka's "Letter to the Father" in order to argue that one can state that "a letter always reaches its destination" even if it has not been delivered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The shift in the critical perspective splits an episteme in two. A line of demarcation identical to the paradigm shift separates the new epistemes in a way that the critical insight should differ drastically on both sides of the line. Michel Foucault sorts these historical epistemes as Renaissance and Classical epistemes, then he included the Modern episteme as a latter historical era, and the line of distinction between one episteme and another is the critical insight that the involved mentality adopts. When it comes to the source of the influence of human behavior, the change in perspective in the consideration of the source of the influence is clarified in the comparison between the preFreudian versus the post-Freudian understandings of human beings. It means that with the consideration of two major depressions, the preFreudian thought believed that the driving forces of human beings are external. Whereas the post-Freudian understanding reconsidered the influence on human behavior as ramifications of the subconsciousness that eventually affect the consciousness of human beings. This paper examines Philip Ridley‟s Mercury Fur (2005) in terms of the Russian Formalist‟s defamiliarization aspects. The deployment of such techniques implicates the advancement of the dystopian irregularities on the stage over the regularly implied didactic methodologies. The use of the Foucauldian epistemes distinguishes the deployed defamiliarizing aspects as identified with a difference from the de Sassurean sign analogy. The paper concludes with the defamiliarized elements as the focal points of the plays that adopt Thanatos as their methodology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article delves into the intricate relationship between reason and unreason, specifically within the context of sleep and dreams, critiquing Descartes perspective as examined by Foucault and Derrida. Its exploration extends to questions about philosophy's inclination towards the awake subject, urging a reconsideration of the significance of sleep, dreams, and sensory experiences in philosophical discourse, with engagement from Descartes, Kant, Hegel, Levinas, and Jean-Luc Nancy's viewpoints.

The article centers on the crisis of the modern subject in the context of neoliberalism, examining the concept of the "non-governable" as a resistant force within psychoanalytic reason. It explores the historical development of the modern subject, the paradoxical nature of psychoanalytic reason rooted in the unconscious, and delves into early modern voices challenging Cartesian certainties.

Unconscious information processing has become the recent concern of many researchers. The unconscious is considered to have powerful valences for information processing, and is not just a drive. In this study, building on Ellis' (1994) theory, we evaluated the impact of the absolutistic „must", cognitive schema in information processing, which may be congruent or incongruent with the schema, voluntarily or involuntarily. Results indicated that explicit and implicit schema-congruent processing was significantly influenced by the schema compared to unconscious and involuntary schema-incongruent processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Semantic information can be accessed unconsciously, yet it remains unclear to what extent unconscious semantic information spreads across association networks. We compared conscious and unconscious semantic priming among different levels of semantic associations: direct, cross-form, and metaphoric associations. Chinese words associated with thermal qualities (cold or warm) were adopted as the primes, followed by a discrimination task regarding the target being associated with coldness or warmth. The targets were (1) words with thermal qualities, (2) illustrations representing thermal qualities, or (3) words describing personality traits that are metaphorically associated with thermal qualities. We first demonstrated the typical semantic priming effect in the three types of semantic associations when the prime was visible (Experiment 1). We then rendered the primes invisible using the continuous flash suppression paradigm and found a reversed semantic priming effect for the direct association and yet no priming effects for the cross-form and metaphoric associations (Experiment 2). These results suggested that unconscious semantic priming only occurs between directly associated stimuli while consciousness is necessary for higher-level associations and facilitatory interactions, delineating the contrast between unconscious and conscious semantic processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dans cet article, nous avons souhaité montrer les conséquences des violences sexuelles infantiles sur le développement psychique et leurs implications dans la répétition victimaire à l'âge adulte. La situation clinique présentée dans cet article est issue d'une recherche portant sur l'impact des relations précoces dans le vécu de relations conjugales violentes à l'âge adulte. Cette étude de cas, paradigmatique du reste de notre population d'étude, est analysée dans une perspective psychanalytique. Cette situation clinique montre les enjeux conscients et inconscients des maltraitances sexuelles infantiles dans le développement psychique des victimes. En effet, l'effraction psychique causée par les maltraitances sexuelles infantiles précoces ont mis en péril la construction du moi. Pour se protéger et se prémunir d'une désorganisation psychique et/ou somatique, la participante s'est alors coupée d'une partie de sa vie affective, entravant l'élaboration psychique et favorisant la répétition victimaire. Face aux traumatismes sexuels précoces, même si le sujet maintient les éléments traumatiques à distance, ceux-ci agissent toujours en trame de fond de l'appareil psychique. Le travail de la honte et de la culpabilité, constitutifs du masochisme moral, plongent ainsi le sujet dans une contrainte de répétition. En effet, s'ils ne trouvent pas d'issue en s'exprimant dans un cadre propice à la symbolisation, les éléments du traumatisme initial se réactualisent à travers la répétition de relations conjugales violentes. Pour prendre en charge les femmes victimes de maltraitances sexuelles infantiles et prévenir la contrainte de répétition, il apparaît nécessaire de tenir compte des modalités de fonctionnement psychique des victimes et des processus de transformation qui ont pu s'opérer face aux traumatismes subis. In this article, we show the consequences of childhood sexual abuse on psychic development and its implication in victimary repetition in adulthood. The case study presented in this article is from a doctoral research project in psychology about the impact of early relationships on the experience of intimate partner violence in adulthood. This case appears emblematic of the rest of our population. The elements mentioned are anonymized and analyzed from a psychoanalytic perspective. The results show the conscious and unconscious consequences of childhood sexual abuse on the victims' psychological development. Indeed, the psychic intrusion following early sexual abuse hinders the construction of the self and prevents the psychic instances from functioning properly. This intrusion also leads to repetition in violent intimate relationships. Oscillating between primary and secondary processes, the person can cut her/himself off from a part of her/his emotional life to avoid psychic and/or somatic disorganization. After experiencing early sexual trauma, even if the psychic apparatus is temporarily able to keep the traumatic elements far from the conscious mind, these elements still act in the unconscious. The work of shame and guilt, which are constitutive elements of moral masochism, lock the subject into a deadly repetition compulsion that can promote the experience of repetitive intimate partner violence (physical, psychological, sexual) in adulthood. To prevent, detect, and care for women victims of childhood sexual abuse, it is necessary to consider their modalities of psychic functioning, the formation of their Self, and their ability to psychically transform the trauma they suffered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay is a response to the stimulating contributions to this volume, by way of hearing. Here, I use the Indigenous Pasifika form of interrogation known as talanoa that allows us to hear and enter into the subconcious state, to perceive the world of animals from these alternative perspectives, which seek to liberate animal voices and push back at colonial systems that are guilty of meddling with our reading and theorizing of the animal-Other. This talanoa allows us to imagine the contributors sitting around a kava bowl in conversation, as we hear them tell their stories, and hear the humour, the pain, the honesty in the animal experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While expository preaching is a biblically faithful model, this method of preaching can result in boring recitations of research. In order to bring life to expository sermons, this article argues that imagination serves an important and necessary role in expository sermon construction. First, this article presents an original definition of imagination as it relates to expository sermons. Second, a biblical survey of terms relating to imagination reveals that Scripture advocates for its use, as well as how to use the imagination. Third, this article addresses potential pitfalls when engaging the imagination and offers boundaries to ensure appropriate use. Fourth, this article addresses the level of importance of imagination to the sermon construction process. Fifth, every aspect of sermon construction benefits from imagination, as this section demonstrates. Finally, the reader will receive practical tips for improving imaginative powers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Intermediality / Revue Intermédialités is the property of La Revue Intermedialites / Centre de recherche sur l'intermedialite and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The story of energy as a focus of psychoanalysis began with Freud and was conceptualized further by C. G. Jung. For him, energy enlivens the human psyche, drawing people towards ideas and activities, forming and re‐forming us through the ways it moves and the content it carries. This article examines how psychological energy forms the experience of individuals, informing us about conscious and subconscious states of the human psyche as it engages with its environment. We examine how psychological energy forms the experience of groups, creating qualitatively linked behaviours, constraints and potentials that Jung and others conceived of as psychological 'fields'. The concept of energy as a property of psychological systems contributes to our understanding of the human experience. Though rarely conscious, it impacts the phenomenological experience of both individuals and groups, who cope with it in both generative and destructive ways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim: The use of subliminal stimulation for unconscious effects on the target population is of great importance. while several studies have generated proper visual and auditory stimuli for subliminal stimulation, no study was found on the long-term effects of it. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the long-term effects of auditory subliminal presentation on the central nervous system structures using fMRI and Auditory Late Responses (ALRs). Methods: Participants were 26 students with a mean age of 24.03 ± 2.32 years. There was four group in study. First, fMRI was done and ALRs were recorded for all of them. Then, music files containing words embedded in them was presented subliminally to participants in groups A and B for 10 days, group C received music file without any subliminal stimuli and group D was control group. It was repeated after 10 days. Results: The subliminal stimuli had significant effects on the amplitudes of P1, N1, P2, and P3 waves (F3=25.03, 25.41, 39.11, and 14.60; p<0.001). Between-group comparison showed significant changes in groups A and B compared to groups C and D (p<0.05). The difference in the recorded potential mean values showed the highest change for recording electrodes in the prefrontal, frontal, and central regions and the lowest change in parietal and occipital regions. There was no significant change for a latency component. Conclusion: Subliminal stimuli, presented appropriately and continuously, can leave long-term effects on the central nervous system structure causing extensive changes in the people's attitude to a certain subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Major creative insights may challenge the fundamental assumptions of a discipline and may generate vigorous (and negative) reactions. Further, such creative insights may require that a scholar courageously defies the crowd and zeitgeist, strives to overcome obstacles and challenges to their views, and develops a strong work ethic that facilitates creativity. B. F. Skinner's radical behaviorism is considered as a prototypical example of a major creative insight and current psychological research is discussed that supports Skinner's writings. In addition to showing how radical behaviorism was a major creative insight, the present article evaluates Skinner's writings with the aim to "buy low and sell high" as advocated by an investment approach to creativity (Sternberg & Lubart 1995). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Humanities Studies is the property of Zaporizhzhe State Engineering Academy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper concerns the role of the unconscious in technology. The central thesis is that there exists an experience of non-acceptance and failed incorporation of technology, which (a) does not depend on the technical engineering dimension of the artifact but (b) instead concerns the relationship between the human unconscious and the artifact. This thesis is supported and developed through the analysis of a case study – that is, the creation and development of the first version of Google Glass. The failure of the first version of Google Glass is explained in terms of the non-acceptance of this technology. This paper presents an analysis of users' experiences and comments as a basis for interpreting the relationship between the unconscious and technology. Their non-acceptance of this technology is explained and further clarified from a postphenomenological point of view, utilizing the concept of "technological uncanny." The analysis suggests that antimediation can be understood as a form of noise. In fact, as non-acceptance, antimediation directly concerns the relationship between contingency and control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unprecedented advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with disorders of consciousness (DoC) have given rise to ethical questions about how to recognize and respect autonomy and a sense of agency of the personhood when those capacities are themselves disordered, as they typically are in patients with DoC. At the intersection of these questions rests the distinction between consciousness and unconsciousness. Indeed, evaluations of consciousness levels and capacity for recovery have a significant impact on decisions regarding whether to discontinue or prolong life-sustaining therapy for DoC patients. However, in the unconsciousness domain, there is the confusing array of terms that are regularly used interchangeably, making it quite challenging to comprehend what unconsciousness is and how it might be empirically grounded. In this opinion paper, we will provide a brief overview of the state of the field of unconsciousness and show how a rapidly evolving electroencephalogram (EEG) neuroimaging technique may offer empirical, theoretical, and practical tools to approach unconsciousness and to improve our ability to distinguish consciousness from unconsciousness and also nonconsciousness with greater precision, particularly in cases that are borderline (as is typical in patients with DoC). Furthermore, we will provide a clear description of three distant notions of (un)consciousness (unconsciousness, nonconsciousness, and subconsciousness) and discuss how they relate to the experiential selfhood which is essential for comprehending the moral significance of what makes life worth living. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Integrative processing is traditionally believed to be dependent on consciousness. While earlier studies within the last decade reported many types of integration under subliminal conditions (i.e. without perceptual awareness), these findings are widely challenged recently. This review evaluates the current evidence for 10 types of subliminal integration that are widely studied: arithmetic processing, object‐context integration, multi‐word processing, same‐different processing, multisensory integration and 5 different types of associative learning. Potential methodological issues concerning awareness measures are also taken into account. It is concluded that while there is currently no reliable evidence for subliminal integration, this does not necessarily refute 'unconscious' integration defined through non‐subliminal (e.g. implicit) approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article J.G. Ballard's Depiction of Global Psychodynamics: "The Terminal Beach" and Pre-Traumatic Stress examines J.G. Ballard's story "The Terminal Beach," published for the first time in March 1964 in New Worlds, as a profound study of a mind traumatized by the grim perspective of future calamities. By focusing on the protagonist's inner space, I analyze Ballard's depictions of "collective pre-traumatic stress disorder," which, in the time since the story was written, has become social and cultural reality. Feelings of helplessness and the certainty of disaster make Ballard's protagonist a victim of pre-traumatic stress, whose symptoms are similar to the extreme climate change anxiety some people suffer today‒he is traumatized by the fact that the Earth is not going to be able to sustain human life much longer. Thus, I am interested not in Ballard's accuracy in predicting future events but in his ability to foreshadow the global psychodynamics of a period during which many people are subconsciously anxious about the impending changes on earth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay argues that reading involves a form of unconscious psychic work that has the potential to deeply affect and transform the reader. Recent discussions about the practice of reading shunned psychoanalysis because of its alleged reliance on a suspicious epistemology rooted in the Freudian‐Lacanian framework. But object‐relations theory offers an alternative paradigm, as Eve Sedgwick knew when she proposed the concept of "reparative reading." This essay looks to post‐Kleinian developments in psychoanalysis, in particular the work of Wilfred Bion and the contemporary Bionians, to describe reading as a creative, quasi‐intersubjective process, constituted by the unique match of the psychic demands made by a text and a reader's ability to work with those demands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Memories call out to us from our subconscious, revealing the stories that have yet to be told. This paper explores the memories of stories that resonate with the experience of waiting in middle age. It is written as a personal essay to capture the complex and nuanced emotions evoked by the aging process. Middle age can be felt as a vacuous space since many of life's major milestones have already been met. Increased responsibilities can further trigger a mindless busyness that causes us to drift. We may subsequently wait mechanically and without purpose, as we drift from one extrinsic goal to another. Alternatively, we can learn how to wait with faith and hope as we hold out for what contains intrinsic value. Crafting our experiences of waiting through aesthetic language and literary works can help us to redefine waiting through a more receptive, vibrant, and growth-evoking lens so that it becomes a space for savouring life's richness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phenomenon: Bias against individuals with obesity in medical settings has negative implications for patients, including stigmatization, poor health outcomes, and reduced healthcare utilization. This study explored reflections of medical students when confronted with their own implicit obesity bias. Approach: A group of 188 pre-clinical second-year medical students from George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences completed the Weight Implicit Association Test (IAT) in 2020 and were instructed to write a reflective response based on their results. Participants reflected upon their preferences ("fat" vs. "thin") and described the factors that influenced their perceptions of obesity. Inductive coding techniques were used to generate themes from medical students' responses using Dedoose Version 8.3.35 (SocioCultural Research Consultants LLC, Los Angeles, California). Findings: Regarding IAT results, 7% of medical students preferred "fat over thin," 14% had no preference, and 78% preferred "thin over fat." Reflection themes highlighted medical students' difficulty accepting IAT results, perspectives on the origins of obesity in individuals, personal and family challenges with obesity and body image, medical training's perceived influence on bias, reservations about discussing obesity with patients, and desires to change current and future practices. Insights: Many medical students expressed a desire to provide optimal care for patients of all weight classes despite demonstrating a strong unconscious bias against individuals with obesity on the IAT. Medical school should provide targeted opportunities to acknowledge and mitigate obesity bias by expanding on medical students' pre-established and often harmful understandings of obesity and highlighting the complexities of this disease. Such training would better equip medical students to facilitate successful interactions with patients as future physicians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay engages with Cressida Heyes's Anaesthetics of Existence (2020) on two points. First, it raises worries about Heyes's apparent association of anaesthetic time with feminist resistance. Second, it reconsiders Heyes's account of the specific harm involved in raping unconscious individuals, as well as her account of the sort of agency nullified by rape more generally, by appealing to the notion of interpersonal spatiality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]