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Aim: This study investigated the levels of depression and anxiety in nurses and nursing assistants working in long‐term care facilities during the COVID‐19 pandemic. We also explored the potential causes of depression and anxiety in nurses and nursing assistants working in long‐term care facilities during the pandemic. Background: The COVID‐19 pandemic has had a considerable impact on long‐term care facilities. The high infection and mortality rates for COVID‐19 have resulted in an increased workload for caregivers. Introduction: The COVID‐19 pandemic exposed caregivers working in long‐term care facilities to higher risks of anxiety and depression. Additionally, the high risk of infection in the work environment and concerns about spreading COVID‐19 to family members and long‐term care facility residents led to various forms of stress among caregivers. Methods: The present study was a cross‐sectional study. Questionnaires were used to investigate depression and anxiety among regarding nurses and nursing assistants working in long‐term care facilities during the pandemic. Results: The depression and anxiety levels of the nurses were higher than nursing assistants, but had no statistically significant difference (p = 0.551). The factors influencing levels of depression and anxiety in nurses contained facility affiliation and experience working. In terms of nursing assistants, age, marital status, and facility affiliation were correlated with the levels of depression and anxiety. Discussion: The pandemic has severely impacted caregivers. In the process of implementing pandemic prevention measures and providing care for COVID‐19 patients, safeguarding the psychological health of caregivers is also essential. Conclusion: The levels of depression and anxiety in nurses were higher than in nursing assistants working in long‐term care facilities during the pandemic. Implication for nursing and health policy: Long‐term care facilities managers are recommended to enhance the education and training process for caregivers. Managers are also recommended to ensure provision of sufficient amounts of pandemic prevention equipment and resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Heart Rate Variability (HRV) is a non-invasive method of assessing the autonomic nervous system response during exercise and fatigue. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to analyze the validity and feasibility of the stress score index (SS) calculated from SDNN values during exercise. METHODS: 18 Men performed 2 running tests: 1) incremental exercise test; 2) 10-minute constant load test. Subjects underwent HRV analysis during the constant load test, before both tests, and afterward in a seated position at 3 intervals (0'–5', 5'–10', 10'–15'). The relationship between SDNN and SD2 was analyzed before, during, and after the test. SS was calculated as 1/SD2*1000. The Bland-Altman test analyzed the reliability of ESS. The bias, limits of agreement (LoA), standard deviation of difference, intraclass correlation (ICC), and person coefficient were calculated. RESULTS: The bias was 0.15 ± 2.54 (UperLOA: 2.54; LowerLOA: - 2.23). In all conditions, SD2 and SDNN showed a positive linear relationship (r 2 = 0.986); SS and ESS were correlated; and SS and ESS described a positive linear relationship (r 2 = 0.993). CONCLUSIONS: The SS index calculation from SDNN is a reliable alternative during exercise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Among the well-known factors contribu­ting to the prevalence of erosive esophagitis, the leading one is an increase in the number of individuals with obesity and insulin resistance. The assessment of metabolic syndrome in the servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine with erosive esopha­gitis in wartime conditions is of particular importance, as the effectiveness of their professional activities depends on it. The purpose of the study: to evaluate the body composition and insulin resistance in the servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine with erosive esophagitis, taking into account the level of the stress index, exhaustion and adaptative capacity of the body. Materials and me­thods. The study included 24 men aged 33 to 57 years, the average age was (42.7 ± 2.1) years. All military personnel were assessed for maladjustment, increased cardiovascular risk, anxiety, and fatigue using the cardiorhythmography method based on the ana­lysis of heart rate variability on the CONTEC8000GW system. Body composition was assessed using Tanita MC-780МА (Japan) scales-analyzers whose mechanism is based on the technique of bioimpedance analysis with computer processing. Insulin resistance was evaluated using the HOMA-IR index, for the calculation of which the level of insulin was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay systems of the Xema company (Ukraine) on the Stat Fax 303 Plus analyzer (USA). Results. According to precise diagnostics, half of the servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine with erosive esophagitis were diagnosed with vegetative imbalance, which was manifested by an increase in the stress index in 37.5 % of cases, a disruption or violation of adaptation in 25.0 %, and exhaustion of the body in 54.2 % of cases. The HOMA-IR index was 1.5 times higher (p = 0.006) compared to that of the control group. 37.5 % of the servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine with erosive esophagitis showed signs of metabolic syndrome. Correlation analysis revealed relationship of heart rate variability with body composition indicators (body mass index, fat mass, and amount of visceral fat). In addition, an increase in insulin resistance is associated with an increase in the stress index and cardiovascular risk, as well as a decrease in the adaptive capacity of the body and its exhaustion. Conclusions. The correlations found between indicators of heart rate variability, insulin resistance and body composition will allow for the development of a personalized approach to the management of the servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine with erosive esophagitis.

To assess the reserve capacity of the body from a physiological point of view, it is important to study the specific “northern” hormone metabolic profile of the body during critical (autumn and winter) periods in apparently healthy individuals born and living in the North.The aim of the work. To study the main parameters of carbohydrate metabolism, as well as possible causes of its disorders in the dynamics of autumn and winter periods in men living in the North.Materials and methods. The autumn (October) and winter (December) stages of the study included 45 men (mean age 40.0 ± 0.8 years) permanently residing in the Magadan Region. We used chemiluminescent immunoassay, enzymatic method and immunochromatographic assay.Results of the study. It was found that the average values of carbohydrate metabolism parameters in the examined male northern residents are comparable with the standard ranges with a shift towards higher values relative to the established limits and do not meet the main criteria of the “polar metabolic type”. “Polar metabolic type” is characterized by hypoglycemia and hypoinsulinemia against the background of elevated serum cortisol values. It is shown that during the critical period of the year from October to December (temperature transition through zero) against the background of relative “hypercortisolism”, activation of the insular apparatus of the pancreas is observed, accompanied by an increase in the insulin level, as well as the development of insulin resistance in the absence of compensatory secretion of β-cells of the pancreas. At the same time, the presence of signs of insulin resistance in northern male residents in the winter period may be determined by an imbalance towards greater dominance of the sympathetic nervous system, formed as a response to the critical period of the year.Conclusion. The obtained results indicate the formation of a transformed “northern” hormone metabolic profile of the body of a modern resident of the North, which should be considered as a certain adaptive response to the modern modification of the socio-economic lifestyle of northern residents (hypodynamia, overeating, etc.).

This multicenter study aimed to evaluate visual-instrumental agreement of six color measurement devices and optimize three color difference equations using a dataset of visual color differences (∆V) from expert observers. A total of 154 expert observers from 16 sites across 5 countries participated, providing visual scaling on 26 sample pairs of artificial teeth using magnitude estimation. Three color difference equations (Δ E * ab , ∆ E 00 , and CAM16-UCS) were tested. Optimization of all three equations was performed using device-specific weights, and the standardized residual sum of squares (STRESS) index was used to evaluate visual-instrumental agreement. The Δ E * ab formula exhibited STRESS values from 18 to 40, with visual-instrumental agreement between 60 % and 82 %. The ∆ E 00 formula showed STRESS values from 26 to 32, representing visual-instrumental agreement of 68 % to 74 %. CAM16-UCS demonstrated STRESS values from 32 – 39, with visual-instrumental agreement between 61–68 %. Following optimization, STRESS values decreased for all three formulas, with Δ E ' demonstrating average visual-instrumental agreement of 79 % and ∆ E 00 of 78 %. CAM16-UCS showed average visual-instrumental agreement of 76 % post optimization. Optimization of color difference equations notably improved visual-instrumental agreement, overshadowing device performance. The optimzed Δ E ' formula demonstrated the best overall performance combining computational simplicty with outstanding visual-instrumental agreement. • Choice of color difference equation overshadows device performance. • Improved color difference equations enhance visual instrumental agreement. • Psychophysical studies are a method to evaluate visual-instrumental agreement. • The STRESS index can be used to evaluate visual-instrumental agreement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Among the well-known factors contributing to the prevalence of erosive esophagitis, the leading one is an increase in the number of individuals with obesity and insulin resistance. The assessment of metabolic syndrome in the servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine with erosive esophagitis in wartime conditions is of particular importance, as the effectiveness of their professional activities depends on it. The purpose of the study: to evaluate the body composition and insulin resistance in the servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine with erosive esophagitis, taking into account the level of the stress index, exhaustion and adaptative capacity of the body. Materials and me thods. The study included 24 men aged 33 to 57 years, the average age was (42.7 ± 2.1) years. All military personnel were assessed for maladjustment, increased cardiovascular risk, anxiety, and fatigue using the cardiorhythmography method based on the analysis of heart rate variability on the CONTEC8000GW system. Body composition was assessed using Tanita MC-780МА (Japan) scales-analyzers whose mechanism is based on the technique of bioimpedance analysis with computer processing. Insulin resistance was evaluated using the HOMA-IR index, for the calculation of which the level of insulin was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay systems of the Xema company (Ukraine) on the Stat Fax 303 Plus analyzer (USA). Results. According to precise diagnostics, half of the servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine with erosive esophagitis were diagnosed with vegetative imbalance, which was manifested by an increase in the stress index in 37.5 % of cases, a disruption or violation of adaptation in 25.0 %, and exhaustion of the body in 54.2 % of cases. The HOMA-IR index was 1.5 times higher (p = 0.006) compared to that of the control group. 37.5 % of the servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine with erosive esophagitis showed signs of metabolic syndrome. Correlation analysis revealed relationship of heart rate variability with body composition indicators (body mass index, fat mass, and amount of visceral fat). In addition, an increase in insulin resistance is associated with an increase in the stress index and cardiovascular risk, as well as a decrease in the adaptive capacity of the body and its exhaustion. Conclusions. The correlations found between indicators of heart rate variability, insulin resistance and body composition will allow for the development of a personalized approach to the management of the servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine with erosive esophagitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research was conducted to evaluate the effect of the cold period on female Chukar partridges and its impact on reproductive traits and hematological parameters. A total of 104 adult breeding partridges were used in this study. The experimental treatments included a control group (without cold exposure) and a cold-exposed group. The research was carried out over 3 weeks in a completely randomized design with five repetitions in the control group and five repetitions in the cold-exposed group. The evaluation of reproductive parameters was performed at the end of the period, and the evaluation of hematological parameters was conducted once a week in three phases. The results of the analysis of reproductive indices showed that the cold period did not significantly differ in terms of egg production rate, fertility rate, and hatching rate compared to the control group (P>0.05). The heterophil-to-lymphocyte ratio significantly increased in different phases of the winter period compared to the control group (P<0.05). The total plasma protein, albumin, globulin, and hemoglobin levels after cold exposure in different blood sampling phases showed a significant increase compared to the control group (P<0.05). The findings of this study showed that cold exposure had a stimulating effect on the immune response, leading to a decrease in lymphocyte count and an increase in heterophil count. It is suggested that cold exposure may enhance immune responses and reduce egg production rates in Chukar partridges, possibly resulting in reproductive performance disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the relationship between collaborative robot (CR) parameters and worker utilization and system performance in human–robot collaboration (HRC) environments. We investigated whether optimized parameters increase workplace efficiency and whether adapting these parameters to the individual worker improves workplace outcomes. Three experimental scenarios with different CR parameters were analyzed in terms of the setup time, assembly time, finished products, work in process, and worker utilization. The main results show that personalized CR parameters significantly improve efficiency and productivity. The scenario in which CR parameters were tailored to individual workers, balanced the workload, and minimized worker stress, resulting in higher productivity compared to non-people-centric settings. The study shows that personalization reduces cognitive and physical stress, promotes worker well-being, and is consistent with the principles of human-centered manufacturing. Overall, our research supports the adoption of personalized, collaborative workplace parameters, supported by the mathematical model, to optimize employee efficiency and health, contributing to human-centered and efficient HRC environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relevance of the study is due to the fact that in the conditions of the financialization of the economy, shocks arising in one market can spread rapidly and intensively to other markets, generating the effects of financial contagion. This fully applies to the commodity markets, which occupy a large share of exchange trading. The resulting excess volatility risks should be taken into account both by financial market players when developing optimal portfolio strategies, and by the state when adjusting anti-crisis policy. The purpose of the study is to identify financial contagion in commodity markets during periods of financial stress caused by the pandemic and sanctions, to determine the direction and extent of intermarket contagion. The novelty of the study lies in the construction of stress indices to separate periods of increased volatility in commodity markets, in the application of statistical tests for the co-moments of the return distribution to identify the financial contagion between the markets of energy (oil and gas), precious and non-ferrous metals during the pandemic and sanctions. The result of the study is the identification of a period of increased volatility in commodity markets and its division into two sub-periods based on turning points in the stress index, establishing the direction and extent of financial contagion between commodity markets during these periods. It is concluded that stress in commodity markets is accompanied by intense financial contagion. Moreover, volatility contagion turns out to be higher than return contagion and even higher than contagion caused by anomalies in the return distribution. The main sources and receivers of contagion in different periods are the markets of precious and some non-ferrous metals, and in the period from February 2018 to December 2020, also the oil market. At the same time, the gas market before SMO has demonstrated relative independence from other commodity markets, which made it possible to recommend gas futures as a tool for hedging investment portfolios during a period of increased financial stress.

According to traffic accident statistics, the main causes are violations of traffic rules. Based on scientific research, it is clear that the main reason for these events is the drivers' incorrect assessment of the road situation and their inadequate response. Assessing road conditions depends on drivers' qualifications, skills, work experience, reaction time, and other physiological factors. The functional state of drivers is important to consider. It reflects their ability to work reliably and affects both fatigue levels and how fatigue builds up. Factors that impact decision-making speed and quality are crucial when evaluating the risks of the transportation process, particularly those associated with human behavior. This study investigates the safety of freight transportation for drivers, road users, third parties, and the environment. The study focuses on road traffic characteristics in mountainous conditions at high altitudes. The study aims to analyze how drivers' performance is affected while navigating challenging sections of mountain roads in the Ukrainian Carpathians. Four different routes will be examined. The research will provide graphic analysis of the results. It will show the main patterns of changes in drivers' functional state based on the route's complexity. The research aims to analyze indicators of drivers' functional state and their impact on their performance reliability. It allows for a more detailed evaluation of transport routes and planning of truck drivers' work and rest schedules on suburban routes.

Objective: To study the value of high-quality care in operating room during operation of patients with rectal cancer and the effect of this nursing model on postoperative rehabilitation. Methods: This study recruited 72 patients with rectal cancer, including 36 in the control group and 36 in the observation group. Patients in the control group received routine care, and those in the observation group received high-quality care in operating room. Results: The anxiety score (5.50 ±.77 vs 10. 08 ± 1.13), stress score (6.97 ±.60 vs 8.61 ±.99), and depression score (4.02 ±.65 vs 5.50 ±.91) in the observation group were less than the control group after treatment (P <.05). The measured values of diastolic blood pressure (73.19 ± 1.96 vs 86.13 ± 2.0), systolic blood pressure (121.08 ± 1.62 vs 130.63 ± 2.84), heart rate (73.05 ± 1.63 vs 87.11 ± 2.91) and adrenaline E(E) (58.40 ± 3.02 vs 61.42 ± 3.86) in the observation group were less than the control group after treatment (P <.05). The cooperation degree (94.44 vs 75.00) in the observation group was greater than the control group, but the operation time (308.47 ± 9.92 vs 339.47 ± 12.70), postoperative intestinal function recovery time (16.30 ± 1.14 vs 30.94 ± 2.10) and length of stay (10.47 ± 1.85 vs 13.33 ± 1.95) were all shorter than the control group (P <.05). The nasopharyngeal temperature in the observation group was greater than the control group at 30 minutes during operation (36.16 ±.50 vs 35.19 ±.40) and after operation, and fear score (2.22 ±.42 vs 3.63 ±.72) was less than the control group (P <.05). Conclusion: The application of high-quality care in the operating room during rectal cancer surgery has a significantly good clinical outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study assesses the stress level in real incomes of population (in terms of wages) and real financial results of enterprises and organizations in the regions of the Russian Federation during the period of impact of the pandemic and sanctions shocks of 2018–2023. The study used a number of deflation techniques, as well as methods for eliminating seasonal and random components in the dynamics of the indicators. The level of stress in real incomes was evaluated using the author's previously developed stress index, which is a moving (in increments of one month) difference between the standard deviation and the average annual growth rate of each indicator studied, and the method of its decomposition by sources was applied. The integral real income stress index was calculated as the sum of two partial stress indices normalized by the method of equivalent variances across the entire spatiotemporal sample. The study revealed the similarities and differences in the response of real incomes in regions and federal districts to the impact of prepandemic, pandemic, and new sanctions shocks, determined the stress levels of real wages and real financial results of enterprises and organizations, and identified spatial effects of stress distribution. It has been established that a decrease in the level of real income stress on a national scale occurred due to greater stability in the growth rates of the studied indicators in high-income regions, while the positive effect of interregional diversification of real income growth rates on the reduction of the all-Russian real income stress has not been empirically confirmed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The subject of study is resilience of the tax revenues of the Russian regions. The aim of the study is to identify the impact of external shocks (sanctions, the COVID-19 pandemic, and fluctuations in oil prices) on tax revenue stress in the federal districts and subjects of the Russian Federation. For this, the following were developed: the tax revenue stress index, which is the difference between the moving standard deviation and moving rate of growth of annual tax revenues, and the methodology of its decomposition by source. Based on this index, estimates of tax revenue stress in Russian regions from January 2013 to July 2023 were obtained for the prepandemic, pandemic, and postpandemic (new sanctions) periods. It was found that tax revenue stress correlates significantly positively with oil price stress with a lag of 2–7 months, but the response of regions to oil market conditions is different. According to the estimates obtained, the average tax revenue stress in the considered period was higher in the Far Eastern, Ural, and Siberian federal districts, and in the first two districts, it was also characterized by the greatest variability. The lowest average tax revenue stress levels were observed in the Southern, Northwestern, and Central federal districts; in the latter district, it also showed the greatest stability. Decomposition of tax revenue stress in the country showed that during periods of external shocks, the Urals Federal District made the greatest contribution to the growth of all-Russian stress, and the Central Federal District was the main stress damper. During a period of relative stability, the Ural Federal District takes on the role of a stress damper. The COVID-19 shock had a significant impact on the tax revenues of most regions, although in 27 out of 85 federal subjects, the average stress decreased, while in 36 regions, its maximum value decreased. In the postpandemic period, tax revenue stress in 66 of the 85 regions was lower than in the previous two periods. However, the capital cities and a number of other regions have already felt the impact of the new sanctions of 2022. Stress behaves abnormally in the Far Eastern border regions and Murmansk oblast, associated with the specific factors of resilience of their regional economies and the peculiarities of specialization. The results can be useful for interregional comparisons and managing tax revenue stress in Russian regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice is the property of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice (Editorial Board, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The study is devoted to assessing the stress of real incomes of the population (regarding wages) and the real financial result of enterprises in the Russian regions during the pandemic and sanctions shocks of 2017–2023. We used a number of methods of deflation, elimination of seasonal and random components in the dynamics of indicators. To assess the stress level, a stress index, developed by the author earlier, which is a moving (with a one-month step) difference between the standard deviation and the average value of the annual growth rate of each indicator under study, as well as a way to decompose it by source, was used. Integral real income stress index was calculated as the sum of two particular stress indices normalized by the method of equivalent variances on the scale of the entire spatiotemporal sample. As a result of the study, similarities and differences in the reaction of real incomes of the population in regions and federal districts under the impact of pre-pandemic, pandemic and new sanctions shocks were revealed, as well as different reactions of wages and financial results of the enterprises in them, certain spatial effects, areas of stability and increased risk. It has been established that the reduction of the level of real income stress across the country occurs due to the greater stability of the growth rates of the indicators under consideration in regions with high incomes, while the positive influence of the effect of interregional diversification has not received empirical confirmation

This study investigates the relationship between collaborative robot (CR) parameters and worker utilization and system performance in human–robot collaboration (HRC) environments. We investigated whether optimized parameters increase workplace efficiency and whether adapting these parameters to the individual worker improves workplace outcomes. Three experimental scenarios with different CR parameters were analyzed in terms of the setup time, assembly time, finished products, work in process, and worker utilization. The main results show that personalized CR parameters significantly improve efficiency and productivity. The scenario in which CR parameters were tailored to individual workers, balanced the workload, and minimized worker stress, resulting in higher productivity compared to non-people-centric settings. The study shows that personalization reduces cognitive and physical stress, promotes worker well-being, and is consistent with the principles of human-centered manufacturing. Overall, our research supports the adoption of personalized, collaborative workplace parameters, supported by the mathematical model, to optimize employee efficiency and health, contributing to human-centered and efficient HRC environments.

Introducción: Es bien sabido que el neumoperitoneo en cirugía laparoscópica afecta tanto al sistema cardiovascular como al sistema respiratorio, pero no se entiende por completo el grado en el que debemos modificar los parámetros ventilatorios para minimizar las complicaciones debido a la insuflación del neumoperitoneo. Estos cambios incluyen disminución de la distensibilidad y mayores presiones inspiratorias pico. Metodología: Tomamos los datos de 18 pacientes que fueron sometidos a colecistectomía laparoscópica y documentamos los cambios en las presiones de la vía aérea e índice de stress (IS) antes y después del inicio del neumoperitoneo; iniciando con un IS = 1, posteriormente usando Prisma y SPSS, procesamos los datos a través de una Prueba T para un intervalo de confianza (IC) del 95%. Resultados: Los 18 pacientes reportaron un cambio significativo en la presión de la vía aérea (p

Copyright of Mustafa Kemal University Journal of Agricultural Sciences / Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Mustafa Kemal University, Faculty of Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Magnesium (Mg) is a macronutrient that is necessary for both plant growth and health. It is involved in different metabolic processes, including photosynthesis, chlorophyll biosynthesis, and many enzymes in plant cells. The plant’s need for magnesium differs from one species to another. Advances in the understanding of common bean requirements for Mg and its relationships with the key metabolic reactions are an essential tool to improve Mg management in Tunisian agrosystems and identify useful markers for assisted breeding efforts. For this purpose, a greenhouse experiment was conducted on two common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars (coco nain, CN, and coco blanc, CB) subjected to different Mg concentrations (0, 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 mM). Plant growth, gas exchange, photosynthetic pigments, and Mg uptake and compartmentation are evaluated. The obtained results demonstrated that the optimal Mg concentration for maximum common bean growth and associated physiological functioning is 6 mM Mg. Below this concentration, plants suffer from Mg deficiency, while above this dose, plants are subjected to Mg toxicity. Photosynthetic pigments as well as photosynthesis are significantly hampered by Mg deficiency as well as toxicity while remaining strictly dependent on plant Mg content. The genotype CN showed better tolerance as compared to CB. It has a greater ability to remobilize Mg in deficient conditions, and its allocation to shoots allows it to maintain important metabolic functions. The calculated stress index (SI) clearly discriminated the studied genotypes and confirmed the tolerance of CN as compared to CB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relevance of the paper is defined by significant impact of financial shocks on various sectors of the Russian economy, which undermines the stability of the country’s economic system. Therefore, it is essential to study the sources of financial shocks, the mechanisms of their distribution and ways to manage them. The purpose of the paper is to specify the impact of financial stress on industrial stress in the Russian economy and to determine the role of monetary policy in their interaction. The novelty of the research consists in the development of a methodology for constructing financial and industrial stress indices, the establishment of the mechanism of their interaction under different monetary regimes of the central bank. The construction of stress indices is carried out on the basis of the selected indicators of the financial market and industrial sector of the economy, the use of the principal component analysis for their aggregation, and mathematical transformation of the first principal component. The direction of interaction between financial and industrial stress in the Russian economy is determined using the Granger causality test. The construction of autoregressive distributed lag models (ARDL models) allows estimating the impact of financial stress, as well as monetary policy parameters (the scale of lending by the central bank to commercial banks and the deviation of the central bank’s key rate from the market rate borrowing) on industrial stress in the Russian economy. The research results in estimates of the strength of the relationship between financial and industrial stress in the Russian economy in two periods: before the change in the monetary regime (2006 — end of 2014) and after the change in the monetary regime (end of 2014–2019). It is concluded that in the first period the impact of financial stress on industrial stress was faster and stronger. In the second period, the weakening and distancing of this influence in time is explained by the change of the monetary regime of the Bank of Russia, which indicates an increase in the effectiveness of the monetary policy instruments of the Bank of Russia to counter “financial contagion” of the industrial sector.

Copyright of Zentralblatt fuer Arbeitsmedizin, Arbeitsschutz und Ergonomie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The effect of different amount of nettle hay meal replacing concentrated feed on the development of replacement pig stock in terms of live weight and external measurements are studied. Indicators of growth patterns, nutrient consumption per 1 kg of pigs under test are cinsidered as well. Hematological indicators were researched. The main group of pigs was fed with the basic diet in the comparative and main periods of the experiment. (barley, wheat, pea and corn grits and sunflower meal). Nettle hay meal was added to the diet of the second group under test. It replaced 12.5 % of the protein of the above-mentioned diet. The third diet of pigs under test included 25 % nettle hay meal to replace the protein in concentrated feed. A mixture of micro- and macroelements was used as a mineral additive. The meal was given as dry form twice a day. Nettle hay meal was dried when nettle grass in the budding phase. Nettle hay was ground with a mill of 2 mm grid diameter. Long-term feeding with nettle hay meal in the amount between 12.5 % and 25 % of protein in the concentrated feed diet does not reduce the growth index of the pigs under test and does not increase the consumption of feed units, metabolism and protein per 1 kg of their growth compared to stock fed with concentrated feed rations. The growth indicator analysis demonstrates that the assessing stabable growth of piglets under test is higher than in the rest of groups under test. A similar tendency is observed in the growth tension index assessment. When growing the proportions of piglets’ body structure change, it depends not only on changes in their live weight. So at 8 months of age the pigs that comsumped 12.5 and 25 % nettle hay meal had the highest linear growth rates compared to the other group under test. The results of hematological studies proved the replacement of concentrated fodder protein with nettle hay meal contributed to the increase in the erythrocyte amount, hemoglobin and total protein in the blood.

To investigate the effects of salinity stress on durum wheat cultivars at the critical stages of germination and seedling establishment under salinity stress, a study was conducted on eight durum wheat cultivars (Karim, Khiar, Inrat100, Maali, Monastir, Portodur, Razeg, and Salim) subjected to an increasing salinity concentration by using sodium chloride (NaC) (0, 2, 4, 6, and 10 g L−1). Germination and seedling physiological parameters were measured and thoroughly analyzed. Salinity stress significantly decreased germination capacity (GC), germination rate (GR), final germination capacity (FGC), germination index (GI), mean daily germination (MDG), and velocity coefficient (Vc), whereas mean germination time (MGT) and the stress index (SI) increased. Plantlet growth and initial vigor (IV) were also significantly hampered. Regarding all these traits, the cultivars' differences were revealed: Karim and Salim were the least affected, whereas Razeg and Maali were the most affected, and the other cultivars occupied an intermediate position. Depending on cultivar, salinity stress decreased the germination capacity and delayed its initiation. At low salinity stress (2–4 g L−1 NaCl), the osmotic effect (OE) was the main cause of germination inhibition, whereas at high salinity stress (6–10 g L−1 NaCl), the toxic effect (TE) dominated and irreversibly inhibited the germination process. The initial vigor and the stress index that clearly discriminate among the studied cultivars are useful traits for screening tolerant genotypes. Otherwise, durum wheat showed a higher plasticity with salinity at the germination stage, allowing it to develop better tolerance at this stage, as compared to early stage plantlet growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper constructs a novel stress measurement system of carbon market from the perspective of trading, emission reduction, and external shocks and simulates the stress indices of national and pilot carbon markets of China with the methods of functional data analysis and criteria importance through intercriteria correlation. It concludes that the overall carbon market stress is in the shape of "W" and still at a high level, with frequent fluctuations and an upward trend. In addition, the stress of Hubei, Beijing, and Shanghai carbon market fluctuates and rises, while the stress of Guangdong carbon market decreases. Moreover, carbon market stress mainly comes from trading and emission reduction. Furthermore, stress fluctuation of Guangdong and Beijing carbon market is more prone to "big waves," indicating that the two markets are sensitive to big events. Finally, the pilot carbon markets are divided into stress-driven and stress-release market and the type of which keeps change in different period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stress is a direct or indirect cause of reduced work efficiency in daily life. It can damage physical and mental health, leading to cardiovascular disease and depression. With increased interest and awareness of the risks of stress in modern society, there is a growing demand for quick assessment and monitoring of stress levels. Traditional ultra-short-term stress measurement classifies stress situations using heart rate variability (HRV) or pulse rate variability (PRV) information extracted from electrocardiogram (ECG) or photoplethysmography (PPG) signals. However, it requires more than one minute, making it difficult to monitor stress status in real-time and accurately predict stress levels. In this paper, stress indices were predicted using PRV indices acquired at different lengths of time (60 s, 50 s, 40 s, 30 s, 20 s, 10 s, and 5 s) for the purpose of real-time stress monitoring. Stress was predicted with Extra Tree Regressor, Random Forest Regressor, and Gradient Boost Regressor models using a valid PRV index for each data acquisition time. The predicted stress index was evaluated using an R 2 score between the predicted stress index and the actual stress index calculated from one minute of the PPG signal. The average R 2 score of the three models by the data acquisition time was 0.2194 at 5 s, 0.7600 at 10 s, 0.8846 at 20 s, 0.9263 at 30 s, 0.9501 at 40 s, 0.9733 at 50 s, and 0.9909 at 60 s. Thus, when stress was predicted using PPG data acquired for 10 s or more, the R 2 score was confirmed to be over 0.7. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new technique is proposed for evaluating the statistical relationship between a quantitative variable Y and a dichotomous variable X assuming two values: X = 0 and X = 1. The technique is based on the division of the quantitative variable Y into strata by the moving average technique and computation of average values in the strata for the variables Y and X. Stratification turns the dichotomous variable X into a quantitative one. Once the variable X has been transformed in this way, the statistical relationship between Y and X may be analyzed by linear regression and by analysis of variance. Thus, the technique proposed expands the range of methods available for analyzing statistical relationships between quantitative and dichotomous variables. Specific examples are used to compare the moving average technique with the t-test for symmetric (normal) and asymmetric distributions of quantitative variable Y. It is shown that the statistical relationship between stratified Y and X can be strongly different for a symmetrically (normally) distributed variable Y. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary goals of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) are to restore functional residual capacity through recruitment and prevention of alveolar collapse. Through these mechanisms, PEEP improves arterial oxygenation and may reduce the risk of ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). Because of the many potential negative effects associated with the use of PEEP, much research has concentrated on determining the optimal PEEP setting. Arterial oxygenation targets and pressure-volume loops have been utilized to set the optimal PEEP for decades. Several other techniques have been suggested, including the use of PEEP tables, compliance, driving pressure (DP), stress index (SI), transpulmonary pressures, imaging, and electrical impedance tomography. Each of these techniques has its own benefits and limitations and there is currently not one technique that is recommended above all others.

Clinical measurements offer bedside monitoring aiming to minimise unintended over-distension, but have limitations and cannot be predicted for changes in mechanical ventilation (MV) settings and are only available in certain MV modes. This study introduces a non-invasive, real-time over-distension measurement, which is robust, predictable, and more intuitive than current methods. The proposed over-distension measurement, denoted as OD, is compared with the clinically proven stress index (SI). Correlation is analysed via R2 and Spearman rs. The OD safe range corresponding to the unit-less SI safe range (0.95–1.05) is calibrated by sensitivity and specificity test. Validation is fulfilled with 19 acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients data (196 cases), including assessment across ARDS severity. Overall correlation between OD and SI yielded R2 = 0.76 and Spearman rs = 0.89. Correlation is higher considering only moderate and severe ARDS patients. Calibration of OD to SI yields a safe range defined: 0 ≤ OD ≤ 0.8 cmH2O. The proposed OD offers an efficient, general, real-time measurement of patient-specific lung mechanics, which is more intuitive and robust than SI. OD eliminates the limitations of SI in MV mode and its less intuitive lung status value. Finally, OD can be accurately predicted for new ventilator settings via its foundation in a validated predictive personalized lung mechanics model. Therefore, OD offers potential clinical value over current clinical methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Calcareous soils are known for their alkaline pH-promoting insoluble forms of certain nutrients, including phosphorus (P). Rhizosphere acidification is one of the main physiological mechanisms of phosphorus mobilization by plants. However, specific and genotypic differences in response to P deficiency are often observed, giving some genotypes particular tolerance abilities. This genetic potential gives us a new opportunity to colonize unused lands, improve yield in problematic soils, and install sustainable agrosystems. To this end, a potted experiment was conducted on three faba bean genotypes (Seville, SEV; Aguadulce, AGUA; and Tunisian, TUN) cultivated on calcareous soil (CS), as compared to fertile soil (FS). Measurements are made on plant growth, the SPAD index, photosynthesis, P distribution, rhizosphere acidification, and related interrelationships. Calcareous soil induced specific symptoms of P deficiency, reduced P concentration and decreased SPAD index, net photosynthesis, and plant growth. Rhizosphere acidification was significantly stimulated in CS. This activity determines the genotypic differences in response to P deficiency in faba bean. The genotype TUN was more adapted to calcareous-induced P deficiency than AGUA and SEV by increasing acidification activity, decreasing pH by 0.6 units in the rhizosphere, and having higher biomass production, photosynthesis, P remobilization, and P accumulation. The key functional traits (plant growth, chlorophyll biosynthesis, and photosynthesis) are strictly dependent on P availability, which remains in close relationship with the acidification capacity (AC). The tolerant genotype (TUN) expressed a lower stress index (SI) but higher P use efficiency (PUE), H-ATPase activity, and P uptake and translocation to shoots (PT), allowing it to maintain better metabolic functioning. AC, PT, PUE, and SI are among the main traits of P management in calcareous soils that promote resilient crops. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Haemo-thermoregulatory response of twenty-six adult geese comprising of 12 males and 14 females randomly allotted to four groups (Wallowed males, non-wallowed males, wallowed females and non-wallowed females) in a completely randomized design for seven weeks was evaluated. Wallowing was done every alternate day. Respiratory rate (RR), rectal temperature (RT) and pulse rate (PUR) were recorded. On days 1 and 49, blood samples (3mL/geese) were collected from geese in each group and analysed for haematological parameters using standard procedures. There was no sex effect on the RR and PUR but significantly (p<0.05) higher RT was observed in males (40.69°C) compared to females (40.53°C). The RR, RT and PUR were not significantly affected by wallowing. Interactions effect between sex and wallowing on RR, RT and PUR was not significant. Only platelet counts were significantly higher in females (17.70) than males (14.68). Wallowed Geese had significantly lower packed cell volume (37.46±5.13%), haemoglobin (11.85±1.69g/dl) and monocytes (2.81±0.63%) than other treatments. Wallowed Female geese had significantly lower haemoglobin (10.93g/dL) and monocytes (2.86%) compared to those without wallow treatment. Therefore, wallowing has mild influence on the thermoregulatory and haematological indices of geese reared under low temperature-humidity index during non-breeding season. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The terms 'accuracy' and 'precision' are tightly defined in color science but are often used ambiguously in dental research. This study introduces the visual instrument agreement scale (VIAS), a new method for determining visual-instrumental agreement in dental colorimetry by comparing visually perceived and measured color differences., Materials and Methods: In-vivo tooth color measurements were taken from 16 participants using four intraoral scanners (Primescan, Medit i700, Carestream CS3700, Trios 3) and one spectrophotometer (Vita Easyshade V). Visual shade assessment was also performed by one expert observer using the 3D Master shade guide. Statistical significance testing was conducted using the STRESS index to calculate VIAS, and the F-statistic was used to evaluate device performance., Results: Carestream CS3700 achieved the highest visual-instrumental agreement with a VIAS score of 82 %, performing significantly better than the other devices. Primescan, Medit i700, and Trios 3 showed scores of 76 %, 75 %, and 72 %, respectively, with no significant differences between them. Vita Easyshade V scored 57 %, performing significantly worse than the other devices., Conclusions: The overall performance of the intraoral scanners was strong, with Carestream CS3700 approaching excellent performance. The VIAS method offers a practical, color science-based framework for evaluating visual-instrumental agreement and can be easily replicated using the freely available toolbox., Clinical Significance: Intraoral scanners performed surprisingly better than a spectrophotometer specifically designed for tooth color measurement and which is often regarded as the gold standard. Additionally, VIAS offers a new, scientifically grounded approach for testing visual-instrumental agreement in dental colorimetry., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Sascha Hein reports was provided by University of Leeds. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Competing Interests: Competing interests: The authors declare no conflict of Interest.

Problem. The study of the human factor in transport systems is increasingly important, given the rapid level of motorization and the development of the transport industry in general. Accordingly, there is a task of ensuring the appropriate traffic safety level. Today, in this area, the road conditions and the road`s design parameters are usually taken into account, but often miss the role of the "human factor". At the same time, with the development of methodologies and technical items, these issues are partly researched and solved. Thus, during considering issues related to traffic safety, it is necessary to pay attention to the drivers` functional state (FS) and psychophysiological qualities, their reliability, factors of negative impact on their body, etc. Goal. The research aims to establish how the bus driver`s FS changes under the influence of various traffic conditions` factors. Methodology. The approaches adopted in the paper, which are necessary to solve the goal, are based on theoretical and practical principles for determining the indicators of a human`s FS during professional activity, their regulatory values, allowable ranges of change, etc. Results. The obtained mathematical and graphical dependences take into account the change of transport process operator`s FS under the influence of such factors as the bus`s speed, the altitude of the highway and the duration of the driver work. The stress index (SI) is selected as the driver`s status indicator. It is established that its values range from 87 to 342 c.u. It was studied that the increase in speed leads to an increase in the driver's SI by about 35%. During the statistical data analysis, it was also found that the highest values of SI were observed on sections of roads at an altitude of 250 - 320 m and 420 - 500 m. At the same time, during the increase of the driver's work duration, the value of the SI increased by about 25% and could approach the value of 250 c.u. In accordance with the above, it can be argued that there is an influence of the driver`s driving conditions and work on his FS. Originality. The obtained regularities reflect the impact of drivers' working conditions on the value of their FS, which affects the probability of their accident-free operation and, as a result, traffic safety. Practical value. The obtained results allow the creation of recommendations for developing schedules of drivers` work and rest taking into account the traffic conditions on the route and the conditions of driver's work.

Relevance. Assessment of the functional state of the body is one of the leading tasks of physiology. The article deals with the analysis of the initial vegetative status of students with different levels of motor activity. Materials and Methods. Registration and analysis of the heart rate variability was carried out with the help of a modern complex electrophysiological laboratory CONAN - 4.5. The heart activity of students engaged in physical culture within the educational process was evaluated on the basis of heart rate variability analysis. Results and Discussion. It was revealed that among the entire studied array of students (with the differentiation of the initial vegetative status calculated according to muscle tension index), normotonics are characterized by an optimal ratio between the parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system. At the same time, the value of the coefficient of physical activity in the studied group was determined at the level of 1.730.1. Conclusion. For vagotonics, the value of the triangular index was 2.50.2 conventional units (CU), which confirms the idea of an increase in the influence on the autonomic nervous system. The value for normotonics is 2.20.1 CU. This group was characterized by the balance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic parts of the autonomic nervous system. In sympathicotonics - 1.90.5 CU, which confirms the idea of increasing the influence of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system. In hypersympathicotonics-1.10.4 CU. To ensure adequate functioning of the cardiovascular system and for normal adaptation to physical exertion in students, it is necessary to form a level of motor activity that quantitatively corresponds to a coefficient of physical activity of at least 1.75.

Infrared thermography is a promising technology for crop water status assessment. Effective information can be acquired for the timely formulation of regulated deficit irrigation strategies. However, it is very necessary to optimize the assessment under field conditions, especially under variable environmental conditions (daily and seasonal). Besides, simplicity and robustness are the basis of thermography applicability in the field. In this study, the optimal thermal indicator and the best acquisition were proposed for the monitoring daily period using thermal infrared imaging. The trial was carried out in the solar greenhouse of the National field scientific observation and research station on efficient water use of oasis agriculture in Wuwei from May to September 2021. The tomato plants (Fenxi 5) were selected as the research object. Two irrigation treatments were set: W1-full irrigation (control); W ccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc 2-deficit irrigation (50% of the control). Firstly, three groups of dry and wet reference planes were selected to calculate the thermal indicators, including the red fabric, green fabric, and artificial spray medium. Subsequently, the performance was evaluated on the four common thermal indicators (Crop Water Stress Index (CWSI), Relative Stomatal Conductance Index (IG), leaf temperature (Tleaf), and the difference between Tleaf and surrounding air (ΔTleaf-air)) in the plant water status diagnosis. Finally, the optimal daily period of thermal imagery acquisition was determined for the tomato plants. The results showed that there were significant correlations of the normalized indices (CWSI and IG) with the plant physiological indicators, such as stomatal conductance (gs), photosynthetic rate (An), and leaf water potential. The leaf temperature Tleaf was also used in a stable planting environment to determine whether the plant was dehydrated or not. There were no significant correlations between the ΔTleaf-air and the physiological indicators of tomato plants under two water treatments. The correlations between the CWSI and IG obtained by the red fabric as the reference plane with the gs, An, and leaf water potential were the most significant among the three groups of reference planes, where the determination coefficients were 0.687, 0.698, 0.669 and 0.707, 0.661, 0.663 respectively. By contrast, the thermal indicators obtained by the green fabric as the reference plane showed a weaker correlation with the gs, An, and leaf water potential, where the determination coefficients were 0.631, 0.655, 0.615, and 0.652, 0.634, 0.638 respectively. The CWSI and IG obtained by the spraying medium artificially were achieved in the lowest determination coefficients with the leaf physiological indicators, which were 0.628, 0.643, 0.609, 0.631, 0.624, and 0.586, respectively. Among the three groups of reference plane acquisition, Twet and Tdry obtained by the red fabric were least affected by the reflection of ambient light. There was no permanent damage to the physiological characteristics of tomato leaves, thereby much easier to distinguish and extract from the thermal imagery. Therefore, the red fabric achieved a great performance to select the reference plane. In addition, the CWSI and IG were most significantly correlated with gs, An and leaf water potential during 12:00-14:00 under both irrigation treatments. Different mathematical functions were obtained to estimate the leaf gas exchange using the best-performing thermal indicators. Therefore, the water status of the plant was effectively determined using thermal infrared imaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stress is a direct or indirect cause of reduced work efficiency in daily life. It can damage physical and mental health, leading to cardiovascular disease and depression. With increased interest and awareness of the risks of stress in modern society, there is a growing demand for quick assessment and monitoring of stress levels. Traditional ultra-short-term stress measurement classifies stress situations using heart rate variability (HRV) or pulse rate variability (PRV) information extracted from electrocardiogram (ECG) or photoplethysmography (PPG) signals. However, it requires more than one minute, making it difficult to monitor stress status in real-time and accurately predict stress levels. In this paper, stress indices were predicted using PRV indices acquired at different lengths of time (60 s, 50 s, 40 s, 30 s, 20 s, 10 s, and 5 s) for the purpose of real-time stress monitoring. Stress was predicted with Extra Tree Regressor, Random Forest Regressor, and Gradient Boost Regressor models using a valid PRV index for each data acquisition time. The predicted stress index was evaluated using an R2 score between the predicted stress index and the actual stress index calculated from one minute of the PPG signal. The average R2 score of the three models by the data acquisition time was 0.2194 at 5 s, 0.7600 at 10 s, 0.8846 at 20 s, 0.9263 at 30 s, 0.9501 at 40 s, 0.9733 at 50 s, and 0.9909 at 60 s. Thus, when stress was predicted using PPG data acquired for 10 s or more, the R2 score was confirmed to be over 0.7.

To investigate the effects of salinity stress on durum wheat cultivars at the critical stages of germination and seedling establishment under salinity stress, a study was conducted on eight durum wheat cultivars (Karim, Khiar, Inrat100, Maali, Monastir, Portodur, Razeg, and Salim) subjected to an increasing salinity concentration by using sodium chloride (NaC) (0, 2, 4, 6, and 10 g L−1). Germination and seedling physiological parameters were measured and thoroughly analyzed. Salinity stress significantly decreased germination capacity (GC), germination rate (GR), final germination capacity (FGC), germination index (GI), mean daily germination (MDG), and velocity coefficient (Vc), whereas mean germination time (MGT) and the stress index (SI) increased. Plantlet growth and initial vigor (IV) were also significantly hampered. Regarding all these traits, the cultivars’ differences were revealed: Karim and Salim were the least affected, whereas Razeg and Maali were the most affected, and the other cultivars occupied an intermediate position. Depending on cultivar, salinity stress decreased the germination capacity and delayed its initiation. At low salinity stress (2–4 g L−1 NaCl), the osmotic effect (OE) was the main cause of germination inhibition, whereas at high salinity stress (6–10 g L−1 NaCl), the toxic effect (TE) dominated and irreversibly inhibited the germination process. The initial vigor and the stress index that clearly discriminate among the studied cultivars are useful traits for screening tolerant genotypes. Otherwise, durum wheat showed a higher plasticity with salinity at the germination stage, allowing it to develop better tolerance at this stage, as compared to early stage plantlet growth.

In vitro experiments were conducted to study the responses of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) genotypes to osmotic stress. In vitro shoot cultures of 27 breeding lines and their drought-tolerant parents (referent lines: C103 and C107) were tested under osmotic stress induced by addition of PEG 6000 (Mw = 6000; 5.0, 7.5, 10.0%, w/v), D-mannitol (0.1, 0.2, 0.3 M) and PEG 600 (Mw = 600; 2.5, 5.0, 7.5%, w/v) to the Murashige-Skoog medium. Stress index (SI) was calculated from shoot length (SL) and root length (RL), root numbers (RN) and the rate of surviving shoots (SR) (SISL;RL;RN;SR = ParameterSL;RL;RN;SR of treated shoots/ParameterSL;RL;RN;SR of control shoots × 100) to compare genotypes. In the average of each breeding line and concentration, the osmotic agents resulted in SI values of 40.1, 60.8, 82.6 and 76.0 for SISL, SIRL, SIRN and SISR, respectively. In general, all SI values of C103 and SIRL,RN of C107 were significantly higher than those of the breeding lines. Nine breeding lines were found to be promising based on their final ranking. According to the results, 7.5% and 10% PEG 6000 or 0.2 M and 0.3 M D-mannitol treatments proved to be suitable for the selection of osmotic stress-tolerant genotypes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Salinization has severe affects on agriculture worldwide. For successful survival and better yield, ability of seeds germinations under high salt concentration is very vital. With this object we observed the effects of various levels of NaCl (0, 25, 50 and 75 mM) on six varieties (Green leaf, Rama posa, Arka anamika, Super green, Okra kashish and Nerali) of Okra. The results clearly indicated that seeds of all varieties can tolerate the lower concentration of salt (25 mM) and higher (50 mM) greatly reduced the seeds germination while at highest concentration (75 mM) no germination was recorded. Salt treatments also reduced the dry and fresh weight of roots and shoots in all varieties considerably (P<0.05). Over all Nerali performed better and thus concluded as tolerant variety while Rama posa was proved to be a sensitive variety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the time-varying nature of industry betas in India and the United States to explore whether their observed behaviours are independent of the extent of development of the financial market. Such betas relate to the movements, particularly volatility and stresses, in the relevant markets. During 1999–2017, we found significant transmission of volatility from the domestic market to the time-varying betas in both countries. The emerging market betas are further found to increase under the domestic market stress. The developed market betas, however, were able to avoid market stresses or fall under stresses, thereby reducing the investment risk.

Increaseinmotorization and densification of populationsin cities have led tothe use of more resources both for the construction of different objects and for the service and operation of automotive vehicles. As a result, volumes of freighttransportation, which arerelated to the construction and servicingof these objects, increase. New scientifically applied tasks thatare related to the safety of freight transportation have emerged. Special attention is being paid to those thatare related to dangeroustasks. It is obvious that traffic safety and the quality of the transportation process significantly depend on the behaviorsand actions of the driver. The driver, as it is known, is the mainchain of the “driver –automobile –road –environment” (DARE)system. With improvementsin thetechnical and operational parameters of vehicles and road characteristics, the study of the functional state(FS)of the driver and the reliability of his skillsbecomemore importantevery time. The specificimportance of this becomes clearwhen drivers operatevehicles thattransport dangerous goods.Therefore, research on the interaction of chains of the DARE system (using improved existing and developed methods by the authors) is carried out in this paper,taking into account the indicators of drivers’FSin different situations (stress index,which consists inevaluationof the heart and brain operations). The results obtainedprovide an opportunity to predicttheir behavior in different road situations and, as a consequence, to determine possible risks during the transportation of dangerous goods. The authors improved the methodology of determining the levels of possible risks of accidents and assessment of their consequences, taking into account the peculiarities of transportation routes, traffic conditions, and psychophysiological indicators of the driver`s bodyduring the transportation of dangerous goods within settlements and on the roads between them.

Introduction Many studies have shown that gifted children and youth have difficulties in education, emotional regulations, psychological adjustment process etc. Objectives Our aim is to evaluate the adaptive capacity, the functional state of the gifted adolescents’ organism under external potential stressor. Methods The research has been conducted in schools of Yerevan, RA. The initial sample consisted of 500 high school students aged 16-18. Renzulli’s Three-Ring Conception of Giftedness was used to reveal gifted adolescents. In the course of study 35 of 500 participants were defined as gifted. The quasi-experimental design has been used with 35 participants in the comparison and experiment group each. For comparative analyses, we used Heart rate variability (HRV) method. As a potential stressor, the intellectual workload was selected. The ECG indicators have been recorded for 5 minutes each before and after the intellectual workload. We are presenting the results through Stress Index. Results As we can see from the picture 1. the Stress Index (SI) of gifted girls and boys are higher from norm (the norm is 20-100). For control groups, the SI is within the norm. The SI for gifted groups of adolescents significantly higher from those of control groups. The data indicates, that for gifted adolescents the activity of central mechanisms prevails over autonomous mechanisms. Conclusions The level of stress in gifted adolescents is higher than that of the control group and rises in case when the task wasn’t solved. High results speak about psycho-emotional tension and stress. Further research is needed to understand the psychological background of such reactions. Disclosure No significant relationships.

Nowadays, the transport industry plays an important role in human well-being and the functioning of any settlement. Transport systems are involved in almost all areas of production and services. Therefore, any failure in its operation can lead to significant material costs. One of the most important such systems is “driver – vehicle – road – environment”. It should be noted, that the main link in it is “driver”. The correctness and duration of decision-making in different road situations depend on the driver`s functional state. This directly affects the level of traffic safety. Consequently, the tasks of modern transport research are the introduction of methods of the vehicle driver`s conditions monitoring and the detection of his fatigue in its early stages. That`s why the actuality of studying the human operator role in the transport process and the creation of modern means of driving assistance are increasing now.