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Statistical analysis has a special relationship to measurement. For it, measurement and measurement theory not only provide the data on which analysis is based, but are also a source of important uncertainties in theoretical, methodological and applied research. A detailed presentation of measurement issues is therefore justified, together with the different approaches and the arguments behind them. After a careful discussion of the everyday and scientific meanings of measurement, the paper deals with the different meanings and conceptions of measurement, and then turn to the drastic change in meaning in social statistics in the mid-20th century. Then the theory of measurement scales, their criticism and proposals for expansion will be discussed, and finally some of the specific aspects of Likert-type statements that cannot be placed within the framework of measurement scales will be examined. One of the conclusions of the paper is that the Stevens system of measurement scales cannot be regarded as an adequate description of data types. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the analysis of the poem "The Idea of Order at Key West", by Wallace Stevens, this article intends to discuss the concept of order as formulated in the author's poetic work. Unlike the literary criticism carried out by the "new critics", which idealized preserving intact the boundaries between the extrinsic and intrinsic spaces that compose the artistic artifacts, the idea of order in Stevens seeks to bring into the poem all its exteriority, creatively reconfiguring the reality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kazuo Ishiguro's acclaimed novel "The Remains of the Day" has garnered extensive critical attention for its exploration of themes related to identity, memory, and the passage of time. This paper delves into a less-explored but equally significant aspect of the novel--the concept of otherness. Kazuo Ishiguro 's novel "The Remains of the Day" deals with the theme of alterity, or the state of being other or different on different levels. Both characters and situations exemplify the overarching presence of otherness, but Ishiguro's main character, Stevens, ingeniously embodies a subtle but significant representation of "the other" to himself. This paper focuses on the multiple layers of alterity that intertwine throughout the novel, giving special attention to Stevens's manner of confronting the alterity within himself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Trata-se de uma resenha do livro Wallace Stevens: Poetry, Philosophy, and Figurative Language, editado por Kacper Bartczak e Juakub Mácha e publicado pela Peter Lang (Berlin) em 2018.

Following Frank Kermode's distinction, in The Sense of an Ending, between the stability of myth and the changeability of fiction, Keats's 'Ode on Indolence' offers an understated self-conscious presentation of myth and fiction in comparison with the Nightingale and Grecian Urn odes. All three of these odes invest in mythologies as much as they remain alert to their own poetic frames and the fictive nature of the fictions behind them. This poetic self-awareness reconnects Keats's odes with the reality of death behind the mythic figures of nightingale, urn, and indolence. Such subtle, shifting, self-awareness is also the hallmark of Keats's 'To Autumn' and the poetic legacy it bestows to Wallace Stevens's 'Sunday Morning', 'Autumn Refrain', and 'The Woman in Sunshine'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Representational measurement theory was proposed initially to solve problems caused by disciplinary aspirations of 19th-century mathematicians, who wanted to construe their subject as independent of its applications in empirical science. Half a century later, S. S. Stevens seized the opportunity provided by representational theory's reconstruction of measurement as numerical coding to rubber-stamp psychology's own aspirations to be counted as a quantitative science. Patrick Suppes' version of representational theory rectified defects in Stevens' theory, making it explicit that representational theory entails that mathematical structure is already embedded in empirical systems. However, Suppes' theory neglected the fact that attributes, not objects, are the focus of measurement and when that oversight is corrected, it follows that empirical systems sustaining measurement already instantiate positive real numbers. Thus, in measurement, real numbers are estimated, not assigned from without. Representational theory not only misrepresents measurement; it refutes itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on Hallam Stevens' work Life out of Sequence: A Data-Driven History of Bioinformatics and stresses the important process of data generation and how this process has now become an issue, in some fields, beyond human control. We suggest the best way to approach the proliferation of data is to adopt an onto-epistemic position. We further explore the rise of an algorithmic society and the problem "gaps" created in date generation. We finish the article by exploring the fruitful ways Mark B. N. Hansen's latest work, Feed Forward, plays in helping researchers understand the proliferation of data generation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of ABEI Journal: The Brazilian Journal of Irish Studies is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Estudos Irlandeses and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Bien des instruments chirurgicaux portent les noms de leurs inventeurs, chirurgiens du passé souvent émérites de par leurs découvertes et leurs contributions à l'avancée des techniques chirurgicales. Cependant, ce rappel quotidien à l'histoire de la chirurgie est bien souvent oublié des praticiens contemporains. Nous nous proposons donc d'étudier, à travers une sélection d'instruments, de brèves biographies de ces précurseurs. Ce troisième article se consacrera aux inventeurs des ciseaux de Mayo, Metzenbaum, Stevens et Lister. Many surgical instruments are named after their inventors, acclaimed surgeons of the past, because of their discoveries and their contributions in the field of surgical techniques. However, these daily reminders of history of surgery are often forgotten by the modern practitioners. We propose to review, through a selection of instruments, short biographies of these precursors. This third original article will focus on the inventors of modern scissors: Mayo, Metzenbaum, Stevens and Lister. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author begins by describing her function as an opera librettist adapting a great work of literature, comparing it to that of a voltage transformer channeling and converting the energy of one dynamic, kinetic vehicle to that of another. She goes on to describe in detail her choice of scenes from Forster’sHowards End and the development of her text for a full-length opera Howards End, America, set in the 1950s in Boston, with contemporary sensibilities tailored for an American audience. She accounts the process of working within the constraints of the operatic medium, creating original text for arias, duets and other ensembles, while seeking, to maintain the tone and sensibilities of Forster’s language. She pays particular attention to the choice she made to cast the characters of Leonard Bast and his wife as African-American, focusing on issues of race relations, rather than class barriers, as does Forster. Certain creative liberties were necessary in order to streamline the narrative and convey the most essential and compelling aspects of the book.The premiere of the opera will take place at Z Space (Theatre Artaud) in San Francisco late in February, 2019, a production of San Francisco’s premiere new music ensemble, Earplay

Analyzing Stevens’s 1952 The Poem that Took the Place of a Mountain I trace the laborious journey the persona of the poem undertakes - an external as well as an internal adventure - transforming thus the world into a possible home. I show how the poem - through its self-reflexive nature and complex system of interwoven external and internal images and circular movements - may offer the persona a sense of self and home in space and time among the fragments of the broken universe.

This essay explores how literature may be a way of educating readers in practice about the way tacit knowing works, and literary study may have an unexpected contribution to make to the larger field of post-critical thinking. I argue that literary metaphor is a manifestation of the tacit dimension of knowing and, by engaging with the dynamics of language in the text, the reader may allow himself to be educated in the workings of tacit knowing and its underlying rules. A simple image in a poem will call upon the creative imagination of the reader to search for meaning in the indeterminate referent. It will also call upon intuition to connect the dots between vehicle and tenor in metaphor, and form links with the life-world of the reader. When the reader of a literary text gets a sense of a "deepening coherence" of understanding, and intuition connects his life to the tacit dimension of language in the tenor of metaphor, the result may be discovery of some new sense of order or existential meaning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are two of the most severe dermatologic conditions occurring in the inpatient setting. There is a lack of consensus regarding appropriate management of SJS and TEN.Purpose: The scientific literature pertaining to SJS and TEN (subsequently referred to as SJS/TEN) is summarized and assessed. In addition, an interventional approach for the clinician is provided.Methods: PubMed was searched with the key words: corticosteroids, cyclosporine, etanercept, intravenous immunoglobulin, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and toxic epidermal necrolysis. The papers generated by the search, and their references, were reviewed.Results: Supportive care is the most universally accepted intervention for SJS/TEN. Specific guidelines differ from the care required for patients with thermal burns. Adjuvant therapies are utilized in most severe cases, but the data are thus far underwhelming and underpowered. Using systemic corticosteroids as sole therapy is not supported. A consensus regarding combined corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) has not been reached. Data regarding IVIG, currently the standard of care for most referral centers, is conflicting. Newer studies regarding cyclosporine and tumor necrosis factor inhibitors are promising, but not powered to provide definitive evidence of efficacy. Data regarding plasmapheresis is equivocal. Thalidomide increases mortality.Conclusion: Clinicians who manage SJS/TEN should seek to employ interventions with the greatest impact on their patients' condition. While supportive care measures may seem an obvious aspect of SJS/TEN patient care, providers should understand that these interventions are imperative and that they differ from the care recommended for other critically ill or burn patients. While adjuvant therapies are frequently discussed and debated for hospitalized patients with SJS/TEN, a standardized management approach is not yet clear based on the current data. Therefore, until further data are available, decisions regarding such treatments should be made on a case-by-case basis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El A New Spanish and English Dictionary de John Stevens, publicado en el año 1706, es el primer diccionario bilingüe español / inglés que otorga una especial importancia al refranero. Hasta entonces, este aparecía como apéndice o complemento de obras mayores, pero no como material integrado en el corpus del diccionario. En esta obra, los proverbios son unidades pluriverbales cargadas de valores culturales y ejemplificantes que se incluyen dentro de la microestructura. En este artículo revisamos la figura del autor y su obra, centrándonos en el diccionario que nos ocupa, en su contenido y sus fuentes, y en el tratamiento de la fraseología, en especial de los refranes. Se expondrán los criterios de lematización, y se mostrará cómo la información se selecciona y se refleja formalmente en la definición. Esta nueva forma de disponer las paremias aparecerá en el resto de obras lexicográficas venideras.

In this essay I examine the implicit paradox that, although in conventional consideration 'light' is good and 'darkness', by antithesis, bad, the antithesis itself implies interconnection and, especially in poetry, the evocation of light can equally imply the possibility of darkness. Further, I suggest that poets have found intermediate or qualified illumination to be a more productive resource than light unmoderated by shadow, whose erasure of uncertainty is potentially disabling. My principal examples are drawn from modern poetry, in W. H. Auden, Wallace Stevens and T. S. Eliot, preceded by a consideration of some nineteenth-century precursors; by means of these I show how their verse takes animation from the transient and transitional aspects of light, rather than from its plenitude. The implications of this, in a culture shaped by traditional Christian associations between 'God' and 'light', are suggestive throughout the essay, but become especially resonant in the case of Eliot's overtly Christian poetry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai, Philologia is the property of Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper, I will explore how the work of Wallace Stevens constitutes a phenomenology that resonates strongly with that of William James. I will, first, explore two explicit references to James in the essays of Stevens that constitute a misrepresentation of a rather duplicitous quote from James' personal letters. Second, I will consider Stevens' little known lecture-turned-essay, "A Collect of Philosophy," and the (conventional) poem, "Large Red Man Reading," as texts that are both about a conception of poetry-philosophy as well as being performances of poetry-philosophy. Finally, I will compare James' and Stevens' thought on the imagination, highlighting both form and content and the poetic-philosophical union or blend that makes possible (or virtual) those similarities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai, Philologia is the property of Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Marie-Louise von Franz's final lecture in November 1986 has revolutionary political implications because the more we manage to differentiate our feelings, the more we will be able to differentiate good from evil decisively. This is essential if we are to practice the great art of living together (a phrase from Bertolt Brecht). The first step in differentiating our feelings is to recognize that we live between the opposites and that we must often make painful choices between them. Even more important, however, a point on which both Jung and von Franz laid particular stress, is to recognize and accept the presence of living religion, that is, the numinous. Without that acceptance and without some "getting" of religion, evil is bound to triumph. Although we need to accept the numinous, archetypal dimension in our life, engaging as many of our functions in resisting what Esther Harding calls the "threat" from the unconscious is also most important. Particularly egregious in our scientific times is the triumph of undifferentiated thinking values in the everyday world of power politics and obedience to authority. The notorious 1961 obedience experiments of Stanley Milgram stand out as a particularly interesting portrayal of this trend. We are called upon to practice the politics of differentiated feeling in many ways, from deciding whether to accompany a group of friends when we really want to do something different, all the way to deciding if and how we might resist tyrannies such as Nazi Germany or Stalinist Russia. Finally, the great art of living together concerns the difficult task of learning to love our individual fellow human beings consciously, as Rilke conceived it, and this we need to do, one relationship at a time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quantitative relations between the sensations and the stimuli that produce them are the domain of psychophysics, a branch of natural science not yet known at the time of Immanuel Kant (1724-1804). But Kant's philosophical doctrines of perception imply that sensations can be quantified. Accordingly, he proposed not only to consider the magnitude of both sensations and stimuli but also to work out an appropriate mathematics that would relate these magnitudes to each other. This part of Kant's work received almost no attention up to the present time although it contains some essential elements of modern psychophysics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A previous study conducted in Taiwan found a 100% association between HLA-B*1502 allele and carbamazepine-induced Steven s-Johnson syndrome (SJS) in Han Chinese subjects, with an extremely high odds ratio compared with carbamazepine-tolerant subjects (odds ratio = 2,504). We examined this association in 24 Hong Kong Han Chinese subjects who had cutaneous adverse reactions induced by different antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). They were matched with 48 AED-tolerant controls. HLA-B*1502 was associated with severe cutaneous reactions (SCR) induced by AEDs, which included carbamazepine, phenytoin, and lamotrigine (p = 0.001, odds ratio = 17.6), but was not associated with maculopapular exanthema (MPE) (p = 0.32). Further studies in larger samples of ethnically matched subjects should be conducted to confirm the findings. Identification of genetic polymorphisms predisposing to development of AED-induced SCR offers the possibility of avoiding these high-risk drugs in genetically susceptible individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]