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The article is devoted to the problems of differentiation in the development of regions. Interregional disproportions in development can be traced in many countries, including China and Russia. The topic of assessing inter-regional differentiation and improving the territorial regional policy is relevant. The authors postulate the idea that in order to reduce inter-regionaldifferentiation, targeted measures of state economic policy should be applied, in particular, this should be included in regional strategic documents. The purpose of the study is to assess inter-regional differentiation in China based on comparative analysis and the index method (calculation of the Theil index, standard deviation, coefficient of variation). Research methods: analysis and synthesis, comparative and economic-statistical analysis. The object of the study is macroeconomic indicators (GRP, GRP per capita, disposable income per capita) in the context of the provinces of the PRC for the period from 2001 to 2020. The article analyzes the dynamics of the level of differentiation of China’s regional development and identifies the advantages and disadvantages of the implemented regional policies to reduce the asymmetry of regions. Particular attention is paid to the fragmentation and lack of coordination of existing regional policies in China. The necessity of transforming the current regional policy and building a new unified regional policy is revealed.

The current conditions of the socio-economic development of Russia are characterized by a series of macroeconomic shocks that have generated turbulence and instability of the national economy. The consequence of this is the formation of new threats and the weakening of the economic security of the country. The changed situation requires new state policy measures to ensure the sustainability of the national economy and achieve national economic security. The authors postulate the idea that an effective measure of this kind of policy is to stimulate the rapid development of industry. The purpose of the study is to analyze the impact of sanctions on national economic security and substantiate recommendations for improving state regulation of industrial development in modern and future conditions. Research methods: comparative, retrospective, structural and economic-statistical analysis, situational modeling and institutional design. The article examines changes in Russian industry, considering the priority of ensuring national economic security, as a result of which its sluggish structural and quantitative dynamics are revealed. In this regard, the need to intensify the state industrial policy and give it an active character is shown. It is recommended to strengthen planned regulators in the economy and create planned mechanisms for managing the development of Russian industry.

The need to strengthen technological sovereignty and enhance the technological development of the country requires effective mechanisms for technology transfer, including from the defense sector to the civilian one. The purpose of the article is to propose a possible model for the organization of technology transfer from the military-industrial complex to the civilian sector of the economy. An analysis of statistical materials, current legislation and existing infrastructure showed that patent and technological activity in the country is declining; existing institutional support is insufficient to reverse this trend. One of the possible solutions to this issue is the organization of a technology transfer system, which will allow more active use of the capabilities of the defense industry for the development of civilian industries. The proposed model of such transfer is based on network interaction and coordination of all necessary functions within the technology transfer institution. The principles on which the model is based are substantiated: three levels of management; the possibility of state financing; a “single window” of technology transfer; information circulation; motivation of developers; personnel training system. The stages of technological transfer have been adjusted taking into account the specifics of the defense industry. The function of technological transfer for the transfer of information from industry to science is revealed, it is proposed to expand the use of the model in the direction of forecasting priority areas of science and technology development. From a theoretical point of view, technological transfer is defined as a mixed good, which justifies the role of the state in the presented model.

Since February 2022, the Russian economy has been developing in the changed external political and economic conditions, determined by sanctions pressure from the “collective West”. The purpose of imposing sanctions is to weaken the Russian economy and force the political leadership of our country to make decisions in the military, social and economic spheres that do not reflect the national interests of the Russian Federation. The negative impact of sanctions on the national economy and new threats to national security, including in the military sphere, are today forcing us to reconsider approaches to regulating the activities of enterprises in the military-industrial complex, which are the economic basis for ensuring Russia’s military security. The author proposes to do this through the institutional modernization of the State Defense Order system, considering existing experience and decisions already made during 2022. The article discusses some of the most significant (according to the author) directions for improving the regulation of economic relations in Russia in the field of the State Defense Order and proposes adjustments to the rules for regulating economic activity in military-economic relations.

Objective: to determine the ways of the Russian economy development under the pressure of sanctions.Methods: when writing the work, such methods of scientific cognition were used as abstract-logical, historical method, analysis and synthesis.Results: the problem of sanctions pressure on the Russian economy is not new. However, the volume of economic pressure on the country in 2022 indicates that the time has come for a radical restructuring of the economic system. The paper analyzes the Russia’s experience of overcoming the crisis associated with the consequences of sanctions in 2014; conclusions are formulated about the ambiguity of the measures taken to create conditions for the formation of financial and economic independence of the country. A significant part of the stated goals was not achieved, as evidenced by the data, obtained by the authors, on the Russian economy’s dependence on imports of main products. The key areas of sanctions against the Russian economy are systematized, the most vulnerable industries are identified, and some areas of the problems are revealed.Scientific novelty: a critical assessment of the Russian economy’s preparedness for sanctions imposed some countries is given, and measures are developed to reduce their impact on the Russian economy.Practical significance: the study results can be useful in developing economic policy directions and focusing on those industries whose problems were exposed under the sanctions war of 2022.

The relevance of the research is due to the need to improve the mechanism of state financial support for industrial production in the framework of stimulating the innovative development of the economy. The subject of the research is tax incentives for enterprises in the system of state financial support for industrial production.The purpose of the research is development of measures to improve the efficiency of tax incentive instruments for industrial enterprises based on the assessment of their effectiveness in modern conditions.When the national economy is unstable due to international sanctions against Russia, as well as internal factors, the need to form a core of industrial production capable of ensuring economic growth through the introduction of advanced technologies is of particular importance. In this regard, the article systematizes state measures aimed at supporting the activities of industrial enterprises used in the Russian economy and in the Republic of Adygea, in particular. The best foreign experience in tax incentives for industrial production in comparison with the Russian model of applying tax incentives has been summarized; tax expenses of the budgets of the budget system of the Russian Federation by types of taxes and types of state programs related to the development of industry have been analyzed; priority measures have been developed to reduce the tax burden of industrial enterprises.

At the present stage, the digital (information) economy is playing an increasingly important role in the world economy and national economies. Using rapid exchange of information benefits allows economic agents at all levels (from ordinary consumers to large corporations and state bodies, regulating economic relations) to make more accurate decisions in various economic issues. It is obvious, that the creation of the Russian information system will be able to increase the efficiency of our national economy (including the objectives of its state regulation) and at the same time raise the level of the country’s security. However, the effective use of the digital economy does not only depend on the level of development of the technical base of the information system. Only the moral state of society can send the information received for the benefit of all its members.

A special role in ensuring the structural transformation of Russian economy is to be played by the development of innovative relations, subject to the implementation of its systemic regulation, the launch of mechanisms for venture investment of innovations in the national reproduction system, and the improvement of the stimulation of innovative entrepreneurship by the state. The authors analyze the problems and obstacles to the development of economic relations of investing innovation in Russian economy, and offer incentives to strengthen the structure-transforming role of innovations.

The aim of the article is to investigate the impact of institutional changes on the economic development of society and determine the extent to which the institutional status of the state is being realized under global uncertainty. Analyzing, systematizing and summarizing scientific works of a number of scientists, new approaches are considered with regard to the features of the functioning and interaction of state institutions as well as the creation of institutional foundations for the formation of an effective state policy adequate to the contemporary economic realities and the needs of society. As a result of the study, the conditions that modify the role of the state are characterized, differences in the interaction of the state and the economy at the current and previous stages of social and economic development are revealed. It is determined that the provision of the institutional status of the state under modern conditions involves both the continuation of the search for its socio-political formation and geostrategic identity and a significant transformation of the socio-economic development of society, in the process of which a multicomponent aggregate institutional system should be formed. It is substantiated that the process of Ukraine’s integration into the global competition environment calls for orientation towards an innovation model of development. There proved the necessity for searching for the criteria of effectiveness of reforms in the area of mutual complementation of state institutions and market institutions through the thoughtful use of the existing institutional and value resources of society. Prospects for further research in this direction are the definition of strategic objectives of the state policy regarding the provision of the institutional status of the state in the context of global changes.

Since the fall of the communist regimes in Central and Eastern Europe in 1989, a neoliberal discourse has dominated the thinking of the political elite in post-communist countries, paving the way for unprecedented mass privatisation, economic deregulation, and other market reforms. In this article, we study the development of public support for market economy principles in post-communist countries compared to other European countries between 1999 and 2008, the period that directly followed the initial stage of market transformation. The article is based on data from the European Values Study covering 22 European countries for the years 1999/2000 and 2008/2009. In addition to analysing the trends, multilevel regression models are used to study the determinants and levels of support for the market economy in post-communist and other European countries. When controlling for individual and country-level variables, a significant increase in support for market economy principles is observed in the post-communist cluster, which is not the case in the other countries. There is some inconsistency in support for the individual principles of market economics: support exists in post-communist countries for the notion that the state should be responsible for the social and economic well-being of its inhabitants and for state regulation of the economy, while support is high for some market economy principles, such as free competition and private ownership. In other words, support for some kind of social market seems to prevail among people living in post-communist countries, based on the notion that the state should combine a market economy with relatively generous social policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Subject of the study is the evolution of scientific views on the problem of improving the efficiency of state regulation of the economy and the choice of optimal concepts of social and economic development. Aim of research is to clarify the evolution of scientific views of state regulation of economic processes and state influence on the socio-economic development. Methodology of work performance. Work carried out on the basis of laws and legislative acts that regulated business entities (define legal space). This law Supreme Rada of Ukraine, resolutions, decisions of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, decrees of the President of Ukraine, regulations of local governments. Work results. The study of the current state of government regulation of the economy makes it possible to argue that the state has enough instruments to influence the economic system that should ensure the implementation of government programs in various fields. Of course, the program - it is not a plan in the sense in which it was understood during the planned economy, but it contains the main target settings that define the scope of implementation. Therefore, the further direction of research on this issue should be the determining features of these programs on various sectors and industries. Branch of application of results. State - primarily political regulatory institution that is a public authority and a special unit of social relations. The problem of finding out the nature of economic regulation, forms and methods of state regulation is a key in clarifying the optimal ways of development. In modern conditions of state regulation of the economy is the core of the functioning of the entire economic complex. State regulation of the economy - focused and active influence national and supranational authorities on the functioning and development of an integrated economic system (and hence its extended play) by use of economic laws and address the economic contradictions. As the market economy emerged and worsened economic and social problems could not be solved automatically based on private property and self-regulating market mechanism. There was a need for state intervention in social and economic development in order to minimize adverse effects, general industry and economic crises that generated massive unemployment and inflation. Conclusions. Today in Ukraine is an objective recognized the need to move to a regulated market, but not clearly defined forms, principles and methods of state regulation. After a particularly important further research in this area and setting range of objects of state influence, because the facility makes it an adequate form of economic regulation. The development object of regulation leads to the development of forms and means of regulation.

The research subject contains number of questions in the area of formation and implementation of financial regulatory mechanism of the economy. The article purpose is to disclose the essence of financial regulatory mechanism of the economy and to define directions to increase its efficiency. The research methodology. In the investigation author used the set of scientific methods, such as structural, systematic, comparable and factor analysis method. Results. The article focuses on set of questions which refer to define the essence and role of financial regulatory mechanism of the economy. Author determined instruments of financial policy which used in order to achieve sustainable economic growth. Assessment of influence of regulatory financial mechanism on economy is conducted. The main forms of state regulation of the economy in modern conditions are examined. We defined vital components of financial policy and methods of their implementation in the conditions of economic transformations. This article also evaluates statements of impact of financial policy instruments on economic growth and social development including institutional features of nation financial system. Scope of results. Financial policy and instruments of policy implementation. Conclusion. State institutions which are responsible for process of formation and implementation of financial policy should consider features and structure of domestic economy, depth of globalization transformations. Main directions of financial management on macroeconomic level conclude concentration, distribution and redistribution of economic resources, orientation economy to innovative model of development and to achieve the balance of economic growth and social assistance, to raise the level welfare. In order to enhance the financial policy government should create conditions for improvement the institutional framework of the financial mechanism of economic growth. Author defined main directions of such improvement, they are: to increase the quality of human capital, to rise the fractions of high-tech economy in its general structure, to enhance financial stability, further implementations instruments of public-private partnership.

The article is devoted to the study of the place and role of budgetary management in the system of state regulation of the economy. On the basis of scientific understanding of the essence of the concept of "state regulation of the economy", the classification of its models, methods and tools, it is substantiated that the leading place in the system of indirect (economic) methods of state regulation of the economy belongs to fiscal policy. It is determined that the formation and implementation of fiscal policy takes place through the organization and implementation of the budget process, through the application of certain forms, methods, levers and instruments of the budget mechanism, functioning of the budget system, organization and principles of construction of which form the budget structure. It is proved that the symbiosis of the specified categories produces the functioning of a dynamic and multifaceted system, which is budget management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In the article the problem in the context of state regulation of the economy. Migration is a deterrent structural reforms and creating conditions for economic growth in Ukraine. Specified that the development of migration policy is impossible without a study of the conditions and mechanisms of migration. The functions of government on migration, the role of international institutions on migration is mentioned. The list of factors affecting the migration process is proposed. The authors emphasize that the state should provide a migration policy is not reactive and preventive nature of the implementation of its profitable scenario. Research, which is the subject of migration management, contribute to resolving a number of contradictions. The basis for the regulation of migration should be an integrated approach that coordinates the approaches, principles, methods and techniques of Ukrainian and foreign experience. An important focus should be to balance the interests of all parties affected by migration, improving the functional and organizational structure of state regulation in this area, eliminating inconsistencies and contradictions that arise in the interaction between the authorities of different subordination between the central and local authorities. The authors propose the creation of targeted research center migration, whose main tasks would be: diagnostics migration situation in the country; the study of quantitative and qualitative needs of the state in migrants; statistics on migrants and others. Emphasized that the formation of an effective mechanism of migration policy requires approval of its goals with the goals of economic, social, cultural, territorial policy; balance and harmonize the interests of the state, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), private entities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While Ukraine is integrating into the European Economic Area the existing approaches to state regulation of sanatoria and resort services must be reviewed and improved as they should reflect socio-economic interests of the state and local communities in terms of renovation and sustainable development of resort areas and also create a favorable economic conjuncture - a situation that reveals the potential for the realization of market intentions of consumers (buyers) and suppliers (sellers) of sanatoria and resort services as well as reflects the efficiency of market institutions of which the state plays a leading role. The paper is dedicated to the macroeconomic analysis of the activity of stakeholders in a sanatoria and resort market. It highlights the political and economy aspects of interaction in supply and demand for services of spa treatment and recreation of the population. The relevant range of forming favorable market conditions of sanatoria and resort services is considered basing on the analysis of a market management. The study has revealed the theoretical aspects of interaction between supply and demand in the market of spa services and development of terminological apparatus of amarket interaction. Much attention is given to issues that are of a practical importance: the formation of effective demand and supply, mitigation of inequality in market conditions, establishment of economic equilibrium considering various needs and preferences of an individual, establishment of the primary rights of a consumer for services of sanatoria and resort treatment and recreation. The global trends in market conditions of sanatoria and resort services should be taken into an account and be made the basis for developing and implementing a strategy of tourism and resorts development in a transition period, implementing well-balanced measures to modernize a sanatoria and resort market, reforming a health care system, recreating a human capital in Ukraine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]