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The development of the regions of the Russian Federation is linked to the implementation of various national projects. Tourism, as one of the priority fields of regional development, is one of the important driving forces for the development of the socio-economic component of their territories. Although there is a great variety of scientific approaches and positions in calculating grants, subsidies for tourism development in the regions, there is currently no single methodology for spatial development of territories that takes into account the sectoral aspect. The elaboration of a common tourism development concept at the federal level requires a clearly defined tourism development concept at the regional and municipal levels, as well as a clearly approved format for drawing up master plans for the development of tourist areas. It should be justified by established statistical indicators, which will help to consider the differences of tourist and recreational resources of the territories and highlight their specialization in the types of tourism offered. Effective spatial strategizing of tourism areas and informed decision-making are only possible if they are in place. Developing a methodology for spatial development of territories, taking into account the sectoral aspect, will promote the development of tourism as a priority area for spatial development of the regions of the Russian Federation. The results of the study can be used by public authorities and local governments in the formation of master plans and development plans of tourist areas, spatial strategies of tourist and recreational development., Originally published in https://ruservices.rgutspubl.org/index.php/1/article/view/246

Bu çalışmanın amacı Kabil-Dehsabz ilçesinde mekansal stratejik planlama açısından sürdürülebilir tarım arazileri ve kırsal kalkınma ilişkisinin incelenmesidir. Çalışmanın temel materyalini konu kapsamında yapılmış, uluslararası ve ulusal kaynaklar oluşturmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda kitap, tez, makale, bildiri ve görsellere ulaşılmıştır. Çalışma alanı, Afganistan Kabil ili Dehsabz ilçesidir. Çalışmanın yöntemini paydaş gruplarına (akademisyen, uzman ve çiftçi) uygulanan SWOT (GZFT) analizi ve yüz yüze görüşmeler oluşturmaktadır. Sonuç olarak Dehsabz ilçesinde tarımsal üretim ve üretilen ürünlerin pazarlanmasında sürekliliği sağlamak için paydaş gruplarının belirli dönemlerde fikirleri alınarak yönetimsel kararlar oluşturulmalıdır. Tarım arazilerinin korunması ve tarımda modern tekniklerin kullanımı sağlanmalıdır. Bu bağlamda Dehsabz ilçesinde tarımsal arazilerin sürdürülebilirliği ve tarımsal kalkınmasının sağlanması mümkün olacaktır., The relationship between sustainable agricultural lands and rural development in the terms of spatial strategic planning in Kabul-Dehsabz district is the goal of this subject. The main material of the study consists of international and national sources made within the scope of the subject. In this context, books, theses, articles, statement and images have been reached. The case area is Dehsabz district of Kabul province in Afghanistan. The method of the subject consists of SWOT analysis implemented to stakeholder groups (academics, expert and farmer) face to face surveys. As a result, in order to provide continuity in agricultural production and marketing of manufactured products in Dehsabz district, administrative decisions should be made by taking the opinions of stakeholder groups in certain periods. The conservation of agricultural lands and the use of modern techniques in agriculture should be provided. In this context, it will be possible to provide the sustainability and agricultural development of agricultural lands in Dehsabz district.

The increasing interest in a strategic approach to space arrangement at all levels, and particularly on the intra and interregional level, as well as the changes in the area of spatial and regional planning, are some of the basic characteristics of theoretical and practical activities and efforts undertaken and realized in the field of organization and arrangement of space in the European Union during recent decades. Strategic planning gained importance in the framework of those changes, particularly owing to the growth of the environmental complex and sustainable growth planning, but also because of the need for a higher security of markets and states. Strategic spatial planning can be defined as a quite diverse planning activity. It is considered that 'new' strategic planning will not represent a return to comprehensive planning, but will rather be a combination of traditional and new approaches to planning of sustainable development where an integrative role will be progressively assumed by spatial and regional plans and programs. Apart from a review of the development of strategic planning, this paper considers the importance and role of strategic planning as a mechanism of regional development and 'new' regional politics, based on the contemporary development of critical thinking and practical experiences in the European Union.

L'élaboration du Schéma de cohérence territoriale de la Région Grenobloise intervient dans un contexte de renouvellement des approches de la planification territoriale en France et en Europe. Volonté d'intégrer impératifs de mise en valeur de l'environnement et objectifs de croissance économique dans la perspective du développement durable, meilleure articulation entre plan et projet, mise en relation des politiques de transports et d'urbanisme, souci d'associer les acteurs économiques et les associations, apparaissent comme des orientations partagées entre des expériences (récentes ou en cours) de planification territoriale à l'échelle d'aires métropolitaines dans des pays européens aux traditions politique et administrative diverses. La planification stratégique qui, dans les années 1980, s'impose au détriment de la planification de l'usage du sol, est aujourd'hui remplacée, dans certaines régions urbaines au moins, par une planification territoriale qui tente de fixer des principes d'organisation du territoire. Les termes de stratégie spatiale, de plan de structure ou de plan territorial tendent à s'imposer au détriment de celui de plan stratégique. Il apparaît donc utile de proposer aux acteurs grenoblois une étude synthétique, élaborée sur la base d'une grille unique d'analyse, d'un certain nombre d'expériences de planification territoriale. Avant d'entrer dans l'analyse proprement dite, il convient de préciser les critères qui ont précédé à la mise au point de la grille et de justifier le choix des expériences étudiées.

Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2006, Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2006, Tüm dünyada küreselleşme sürecine girilmesiyle birlikte ekonomik ve sosyal yapılarda önemli değişimler yaşanmaya başlamıştır. Bu değişimler, ulus devletlerin önemini yitirmesi, ulusal sınırların ortadan kalkmaya başlaması, bilim ve teknoloji alanındaki gelişmelerle uluslar arası ticaretin artması, tüm ekonomik eylemlerin ulusötesileşmesi, rekabet edebilirliğin öneminin giderek artması, demokrasi anlayışının temsili demokrasiden katılımcı demokrasiye dönüşmesi ve sivil toplumun ön plana çıkması, sektörler arası işbirliklerinin artması olarak özetlenebilir. Bu bağlamda ekonomik ve sosyal bir bütün olarak küreselleşme sürecinden en çok etkilenen yapılar olarak metropoliten kentlerden söz edilebilir. Tarih içinde pek çok değişim gösteren yapılar olan kentlerde yaşanan değişimlerle birlikte planlamanın çözüm bulması gereken sorunlar da nitelik değiştirmiştir. Bunun sonucunda da, tüm dünyada kent mekanındaki değişimlerle birlikte planlama yaklaşımlarının yapısı da değişikliğe uğramıştır. Bu sebeple, bu tezde esnek yapısı, katılımı ön plana çıkarması, kamu-özel sektör arası iş birliklerini desteklemesi, uzun dönemli yaklaşımlar sunması, yönetim anlayışına değişiklik getirmesi gibi özellikleri ile geleneksel planlama yaklaşımının çözüm getiremediği sorunlara farklı açılardan bakarak çözüm önerileri üreten stratejik planlama yaklaşımı incelenmekte ve İstanbul’un güncel planlama sürecinin incelenmesi ve değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır., With the beginning of the globalization process in the entire world, important changes in economical and social structures are started to be experienced. These changes can be summarised as the nation state’s losing of importance, starting the disappearing of the national borders, with the development in the area of science and technology, the increase in the international trade, the transnationalization of all of the economic facilities, the increasing importance of the competitiveness, transformation from the repsesentative democracy to participant democracy and the increase in the corporations between the sectors. In this context, it can be mentioned from the metropolitan cities as they are the most effected structures from the globalization process as an economic and social whole. With the changes in the cities, which shows many changes in the history, problems of the planning are also changed its characteristics. As a result of this, in the whole world, with the changes in the city centers, the structure of the planning approach also changed. For this reason, in this thesis, strategic planning approach, which has a flexible structure, brings out the participation, supports cooperations between public-private, presents long-term approaches and brings changes to administration approach, is analysed and the analyse and evaluation of the contemporary planning process of İstanbul is aimed., Yüksek Lisans, M.Sc.

European metropolises are facing numerous challenges : the influence of globalisation on the local economy, the rising share of service-based activities, the development of new information and communication technologies, an increase in mobility, the fragmentation of urban space and the persistence of social and spatial segregation. In order to face such changes, new modes of governance have to be developed. These should be able to question the division of roles between the various tiers of territorial government and pool private as well as public sector resources. Many researchers have attempted at identifying the characteristics of the new types of planning that emerged in the 1990s. By drawing from the theories of communicative action (Jurgen Habermans) and of structuration (Anthony Giddens), they defined planning as an interaction process and insisted on the collaboration and cooperation that this particular type of governance activity implies. Their works give more weight to processes than to contents. By suggesting a new concept, that of territorial planning, this paper examines new practices aiming at jointly dealing with issues related to the environment, to mobility, to the urban regeneration and social cohesion, within a new approach of planning., L'influence de la globalisation sur les économies locales, l'importance croissante des activités de services, l'apparition de modes informatisés de communication et d'information, le développement de la mobilité, la fragmentation de l'espace urbain et la persistance des ségrégations sociales et spatiales, constituent les défis que doivent relever les métropoles européennes contemporaines. Pour faire face à de telles transformations, de nouvelles modalités de gouvernance sont à inventer qui remettent en cause la division traditionnelle des rôles entre les échelles de gouvernement du territoire et qui mobilisent des ressources en provenance du secteur privé comme du secteur public. Nombreux sont les chercheurs qui ont tenté de caractériser les nouvelles formes de planification qui émergent au cours des années 1990. S'appuyant à la fois sur les théories de l'agir communicationnel (Jurgen Habermas) et de la structuration (Anthony Giddens), ils ont insisté sur les collaborations et les coopérations qu'implique cette activité particulière de gouvernance. Ils ont privilégié les processus par rapport aux contenus. En proposant un nouveau concept, celui de planification territoriale, cet article s'attache à comprendre comment, dans différents pays européens, de nouvelles pratiques cherchent à articuler des thèmes ayant trait à l'environnement, à la mobilité, à la régénération des tissus urbains et à la cohésion sociale dans une approche renouvelée de la planification.

El presente trabajo aborda las iniciativas existentes en España en torno a la planificación territorial estratégica supramunicipal. Así se presentan 50 planes estratégicos en los ámbitos insular, provincial, metropolitano, supracomarcal, comarcal, mancomunal y asociación de municipios. El artículo se divide en dos partes. En primer lugar se aborda la conceptualización del término «planificación estratégica» así como su evolución desde su aparición en la década de los ochenta. En segundo lugar se realiza la caracterización de las iniciativas recogidas en la base de datos de Grupoterritorios atendiendo al análisis del territorio y de la naturaleza de los planes. Finalmente se concluye con la definición de mejores prácticas posibles en una selección de 17 planes estratégicos. This article focuses on the experiences in Spain concerning Spatial Strategic Planning at a supra-municipal level. Thereby, 50 strategic plans within the different local levels in Spain are reported. The text is divided in two parts. Firstly the concept: «Strategic Planning» is widely discussed as well as its evolution since the eighties. Secondly an analysis on the territory and the characteristics of the plans registered in the «Grupoterritorios» data base is undertaken. To conclude a selection of the 17 best possible practices about Strategic Spatial Planning is defined. Este trabajo ha sido realizado en el marco del proyecto de investigación «Estrategias de Cooperación y Desarrollo Territorial Sostenible en el Área Central del Eje Mediterráneo Español», del Plan Nacional de Investigación Científica, Desarrollo e Innovación Tecnológica 2000-2003, Programa Nacional de Promoción General del Conocimiento, del Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología, y cofinanciado por el FEDER. Referencia BSO2002-04233-C10-07.