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This study constitutes the first step in adapting the Sources of Sport Confidence Questionnaire (SSCQ) to the Spanish context and, in particular, to the sport of football. Three phases were adhered to in the process; the current paper describes Phase 3, in which the translated Spanish version of the original questionnaire-with a total of 42 items grouped into 9 factors representing the 9 sources of confidence habitually used by athletes-was subjected to a confirmatory factor analysis. A sample comprising 402 young federated footballers was employed. Successive confirmatory analysis successfully replicated a Spanish version of the SSCQ, with 34 items grouped into 8 factors or sources of confidence. The model’s global fit indices were satisfactory and all factorial loads significant. In addition, owing to the excellent psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the questionnaire, it was also verified that it was simple to apply and easily understandable for the athletes. With regard to future studies, it would be expedient to develop less specific versions of the questionnaire which can be applied to any sport. The invariance in the structure of the sources of confidence depending on the gender and age of athletes will also need to be addressed.

Ordinary observation suggests that there is a substantial individual difference among leaders based on their confidence in adapting management-role behavior. However, only a little research attention has previously been paid to the concepts and sources of confidence. The present paper was intended to provide a comprehensive review and introduce some research perspectives into the study of the confidence of leaders. In the history of such research, the concept of confidence was used to indicate a leader' s inherent ability, but then was changed recently to indicate a leader's behavioral ability. The communality and difference between the concept of a leader's confidence and related concepts such as self-esteem, competence, and self-efficacy were also described. Following this, major sources of confidence were delineated in terms of frequency of good and bad experiences, causal attribution, quality of reflection on job experiences, and gratification from expectations of the self and others. Based on these discussions, a hypothetical process model of confidence acquisition by leaders was delineated and future research requirements were presented.

Este estudio constituye un primer paso en la adaptación del Cuestionario de Fuentes de Confianza en el Deporte (Sources of Sport Confidence Questionnaire, SSCQ) al contexto español y, en particular, al deporte del fútbol. En el proceso se siguieron tres fases, describiéndose aquí la fase 3 en la que se sometió a análisis factorial confirmatorio la versión traducida del cuestionario original al español, con un total de 43 ítems agrupados en 9 factores representativos de 9 fuentes de confianza habitualmente utilizadas por los deportistas. Se utilizó una muestra de 402 futbolistas juveniles federados. Análisis confirmatorios sucesivos lograron replicar una versión española del SSCQ con 34 ítems agrupados en 8 factores o fuentes de confianza. Los índices de ajuste global del modelo fueron satisfactorios y las cargas factoriales todas ellas significativas. Además, de las buenas propiedades psicométricas de la versión española del cuestionario también se ha comprobado que su aplicación es sencilla y fácilmente comprensible para los deportistas. De cara al fututo, sería conveniente desarrollar versiones más generales del cuestionario que puedan ser aplicadas en cualquier deporte. También se debería estudiar la invarianza de la estructura de las fuentes de confianza en función del género y la edad de los deportistas. This study constitutes the first step in adapting the Sources of Sport Confidence Questionnaire (SSCQ) to the Spanish context and, in particular, to the sport of football. Three phases were adhered to in the process; the current paper describes Phase 3, in which the translated Spanish version of the original questionnaire-with a total of 42 items grouped into 9 factors representing the 9 sources of confidence habitually used by athletes-was subjected to a confirmatory factor analysis. A sample comprising 402 young federated footballers was employed. Successive confirmatory analysis successfully replicated a Spanish version of the SSCQ, with 34 items grouped into 8 factors or sources of confidence. The model's global fit indices were satisfactory and all factorial loads significant. In addition, owing to the excellent psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the questionnaire, it was also verified that it was simple to apply and easily understandable for the athletes. With regard to future studies, it would be expedient to develop less specific versions of the questionnaire which can be applied to any sport. The invariance in the structure of the sources of confidence depending on the gender and age of athletes will also need to be addressed.