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International audience; Bathymetric sonar systems are widely used nowadays in seafloor mapping and exploration. The differential phase technique, also known as interferometry, is widely used in these bathymetry measurement sonars, but the assessment of measurement uncertainty and data density are not completely understood and explored. This research paper concerns the description of measurement uncertainties due to different noise sources in interferometric sonars and a wideband signal processing approach to solve them. Interferometers are mostly used in shallow waters, e.g. lakes, inland waterways, rivers, reservoirs and coastal areas, due to having wider swaths compared to conventional multibeam echosounders or beamformers. This paper focuses on getting high-resolution bathymetry with minimum measurement uncertainty. It considers the effect of various acoustic noise sources, and neglects external error sources, e.g. INS, GNSS, sound velocity profiles. Wideband pulses are now used to overcome the range-resolution trade off problem of CW pulses. We have done an assessment of wideband signal processing techniques to reduce the bathymetry uncertainties caused by different noise sources. ITER Systems provided us with a Bathyswath-2 bathymetry system and essential surveying tools. Mathematical noise models are compared with data recorded in the field.

In this paper, an ultrasonic arc map method for flat mapping is extended to three-dimensional space replacing the circumference arcs by spherical caps. An enclosed environment is scanned by employing a single ultrasonic device. The range, position, and orientation of the transducer are used to digitize the uncertainty caps and place them in a three-dimensional map. Through the spatial voting method, the generated voxels are elected in order to distinguish those which mark the true position of an obstacle and discard those that are produced by cross talk, noise, fake ranges, and angular resolution. The results show that it is possible to obtain sufficient information to build a three-dimensional map for navigation by employing inexpensive sensors and a low power data processing. RESUMEN En este artículo, un método de mapa de arcos ultrasónicos para mapeo plano es extendido al espacio tridimensional, remplazando los arcos de circunferencia por casquetes esféricos. Un ambiente cerrado es explorado empleando solo un dispositivo ultrasónico. La distancia, posición y orientación del transductor son utilizadas para digitalizar casquetes de incertidumbre y colocarlos en un mapa tridimensional. A través del método de votación espacial, los voxeles generados son elegidos con el propósito de distinguir aquellos que marcan la posición real de un obstáculo y descartar aquellos producidos por diafonía, ruido, lecturas falsas y la resolución angular. Los resultados muestran que es posible obtener suficiente información para construir un mapa tridimensional para navegación mediante el empleo de sensores de bajo costo y un procesamiento de datos de baja potencia.

In this paper, an ultrasonic arc map method for flat mapping is extended to three-dimensional space replacing the circumference arcs by spherical caps. An enclosed environment is scanned by employing a single ultrasonic device. The range, position, and orientation of the transducer are used to digitize the uncertainty caps and place them in a three-dimensional map. Through the spatial voting method, the generated voxels are elected in order to distinguish those which mark the true position of an obstacle and discard those that are produced by cross talk, noise, fake ranges, and angular resolution. The results show that it is possible to obtain sufficient information to build a three-dimensional map for navigation by employing inexpensive sensors and a low power data processing. En este artículo, un método de mapa de arcos ultrasónicos para mapeo plano es extendido al espacio tridimensional, remplazando los arcos de circunferencia por casquetes esféricos. Un ambiente cerrado es explorado empleando solo un dispositivo ultrasónico. La distancia, posición y orientación del transductor son utilizadas para digitalizar casquetes de incertidumbre y colocarlos en un mapa tridimensional. A través del método de votación espacial, los voxeles generados son elegidos con el propósito de distinguir aquellos que marcan la posición real de un obstáculo y descartar aquellos producidos por diafonía, ruido, lecturas falsas y la resolución angular. Los resultados muestran que es posible obtener suficiente información para construir un mapa tridimensional para navegación mediante el empleo de sensores de bajo costo y un procesamiento de datos de baja potencia.