Search

Food recognition, a field under food computing, has significantly promoted people's dietary decision‐making and culinary customs. We present the design and evaluation of a sociocultural app for African food recognition using deep learning models such as transfer learning. Deep learning models have multiple processing layers that make them robust in image recognition. Based on this capability of deep learning models, we explored them in this study. A total of 3142 food image datasets were collected from three African countries: Nigeria, Ghana, and Cameroon. Using the datasets, we developed and trained a deep learning model for recognizing African foods. The model attained a test accuracy of 94.5%. The model was further deployed in a food recognition app. To evaluate the predictive ability of the app, we recruited 16 participants who were interviewed and subsequently used the app in the wild for 7 days. In a comparative evaluation between the app and human recognition capabilities, we found that the app recognized 71% of the instances of food images generated by the participants and tested with the app, while the human evaluators (participants) could only recognize 56% of the food datasets. Participants were mostly able to recognize some foods from their own country. Furthermore, participants suggested some design features for the app. In view of this, we offer design recommendations for researchers and designers of sociocultural food recognition systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous studies have shown both benefits and challenges of group work and whole-class activities in educational settings. One overall finding in the existing literature is that it is challenging for teachers to facilitate whole-class conversations that realise the rich potential of student discussions and undertakings during group work. This article investigates how teachers can facilitate productive consolidating whole-class conversations building on students' group work experiences by enacting responsive teaching practices, implying foregrounding students' experiences and ideas, and pursuing the substance of the students' experiences and ideas in instructional work. Based on a sociocultural perspective, we analyse sequences of classroom interactions where students' experiences from their lifeworld are invoked in a) settings where student engage in small group activities and b) teacher facilitated whole-class conversations. The educational context is a science project about genetics involving lower secondary school students and their science teacher. Our analysis shows that in group work settings, students' everyday experiences are invoked but are seldom picked up on and pursued in group conversations as resources for engaging with science matters. In whole-class conversations facilitated by the teacher, especially in situations in which the teacher assumed a responsive teaching approach, students' everyday experiences were more often realised as resources for shared meaning making and engagement with scientific concepts and ideas. We discuss this study's implications for teachers designing productive learning activities that combine group work and whole-class activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The predominant conceptualization of scientific literacy occurs on the micro scale of an individual person. However, scientific literacy can also be exhibited at the meso scale by groups of people in communities of place, practice, or interest. What comprises this community level scientific literacy (CSL) is both understudied and undertheorized. In this paper, we utilized a systematic literature review to describe how CSL is characterized in the extant literature and a Delphi survey of experts to elicit more current thought. Guided by cultural‐historical activity theory, inductive and deductive analyses produced seven elements of CSL and their constituent characteristics: (1) resources, (2) attributes of those resources, (3) actors, (4) interactions between actors, (5) contexts, (6) topics, and (7) purposes. The typology created through this process is meant to be generative, serving as a starting point for continuing refinement within science education and other fields related to science learning and knowing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Theory and research indicate that an appearance focused self-concept (i.e., placing overriding importance on physical appearance for self-definition and self-worth) plays a role in the etiology and maintenance of disordered eating and eating disorders. Although the consequences of an appearance focused self-concept are palpable, less is known about its correlates. Accordingly, we examined a range of factors that may characterize appearance focused people, including personality traits (perfectionism, impulsivity, sensation-seeking, hopelessness, and anxiety sensitivity), self-concept (global self-esteem and self-concept clarity), sociocultural (thin-ideal, muscular-ideal, general attractiveness internalizations, and perceived pressure to be thin), and early life experiences (adverse childhood experiences, attachment styles) factors. Methods: Female undergraduate university students (N = 568; Mage = 19.58, SDage = 4.24) completed a questionnaire battery that included the Beliefs About Appearance Scale, Depressive Experiences Questionnaire–Self-Criticism-6 Scale, Frost-Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, the Revised Almost Perfect Scale, Substance Use Risk Profile Scale, Self-Concept Clarity Scale, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-4 Scale, Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire, Experiences in Close Relationships Scale Short Form, and the Dietary Restraint subscale of the Eating Disorders Examination Questionnaire. Results: Multiple regression analyses were conducted for each set of factors separately and together. For personality traits, perfectionism, impulsivity, and anxiety sensitivity were uniquely associated with appearance focused self-concept. For self-concept, global self-esteem and self-concept clarity were uniquely associated with appearance focused self-concept. For sociocultural, general attractiveness internalization, thin-ideal internalization, and perceived pressure to be thin were uniquely associated with appearance focused self-concept. For early life experiences, attachment anxiety and avoidance were uniquely associated with appearance focused self-concept. In the combined analysis, the various factors explained 54% of the variance in appearance focused self-concept. Impulsivity, global self-esteem, general attractiveness internalization, and perceived pressure to be thin were uniquely associated with appearance focused self-concept. Conclusions: Results for global self-esteem were consistent with prior research. Findings for evaluative concerns perfectionism were inconsistent with prior research. We discuss future research directions to examine the link between evaluative concerns perfectionism and appearance focused self-concept. We also discuss how sociocultural factors (general attractiveness internalization and perceived pressure to be thin) and impulsivity may help cultivate an appearance focused self-concept, advancing knowledge on the characteristics of appearance-focused people. Plain English Summary: It has been proposed that people who place more (relative to less) importance on appearance in their self-concept are more likely to engage in disordered eating and to have eating disorders, namely anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Yet, little is known about the characteristics of people who place more (relative to less) importance on appearance in their self-concept. Accordingly, we examined how the importance people give to appearance in their self-concept may be linked to various aspects of their personality, self-perception, societal influences, and early life experiences. Questionnaires were given to 568 female university students—a group that is known to be vulnerable to disordered eating and eating disorders. We found that some factors were connected to how much importance is placed on appearance. In particular, feeling pressure to be thin, wanting to be attractive, thinking poorly of oneself, and being impulsive were all linked to giving appearance more importance in the self-concept. These findings help us learn more about the people who view appearance as central in their lives. Understanding these connections can help us support people living with disordered eating and eating disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article focuses on the reassessment of the Integrated Watershed Health Assessment Framework (IWHF) and its application in Ethiopia's Weyib watershed. Topics include the evaluation of global and local weights of the IWHF, the current status of the Weyib watershed health index, and the implications for Ethiopian water policy and management practices.

Abstract In Bangladesh, increasing the use of primary healthcare (PHC) and maternal healthcare (MHC) services is the main focus of achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal-3, ensuring healthy lives and wellbeing for all. However, little is known about the sociocultural barriers and enablers to accessing and using PHC and MHC services among rural Bangladeshi women. This qualitative study aimed to identify sociocultural barriers and enablers to accessing and using PHC and MHC services among Bangladeshi rural women by using the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF). This exploratory qualitative study used focus groups and interviews to collect data from women (28), their husbands (8) and healthcare providers (18). Data were analysed using Framework approach underpinned by the TDF. Four main themes emerged from data analysis, of which key barriers were summarised in three themes: (i) family barriers including lack of family reinforcement, (ii) social barriers including gender of healthcare providers, and (iii) cultural barriers including superstition to access and use of healthcare services. The remaining theme, sociocultural support, included information about key enablers, such as family support, neighbourhood connection and media influence. Several key behavioural constructs that aligned with the TDF need to be targeted when developing an intervention to promote access and use of PHC and MHC services.

O artigo aborda as dificuldades de se realizar uma pesquisa em educação em um contexto amazônico, de acordo com o rigor científico, buscando promover um diálogo sobre a importância da pesquisa em educação associada a uma perspectiva intercultural, durante a disciplina de Pesquisa em Ensino de Ciências, dos cursos de Licenciatura em Ciências: Biologia e Química, com sete estudantes indígenas do município de Benjamin Constant - Amazonas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa de estudo de caso, mediante a observação participante, na qual se objetivou conhecer as dificuldades dos estudantes para discutir questões interculturais e de valorização sociocultural por um embasamento teórico-epistemológico, sendo apresentado dentro dos critérios metodológicos que a comunidade científica requer. Constata-se que serão necessárias muitas discussões sobre este tema para que os estudantes indígenas não se sintam às margens do fazer científico e do desenvolvimento necessário à pesquisa educacional no Brasil.

O artigo aborda as dificuldades de se realizar uma pesquisa em educação em um contexto amazônico, de acordo com o rigor científico, buscando promover um diálogo sobre a importância da pesquisa em educação associada a uma perspectiva intercultural, durante a disciplina de Pesquisa em Ensino de Ciências, dos cursos de Licenciatura em Ciências: Biologia e Química, com sete estudantes indígenas do município de Benjamin Constant - Amazonas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa de estudo de caso, mediante a observação participante, na qual se objetivou conhecer as dificuldades dos estudantes para discutir questões interculturais e de valorização sociocultural por um embasamento teórico-epistemológico, sendo apresentado dentro dos critérios metodológicos que a comunidade científica requer. Constata-se que serão necessárias muitas discussões sobre este tema para que os estudantes indígenas não se sintam às margens do fazer científico e do desenvolvimento necessário à pesquisa educacional no Brasil.

Abstract Background Theory and research indicate that an appearance focused self-concept (i.e., placing overriding importance on physical appearance for self-definition and self-worth) plays a role in the etiology and maintenance of disordered eating and eating disorders. Although the consequences of an appearance focused self-concept are palpable, less is known about its correlates. Accordingly, we examined a range of factors that may characterize appearance focused people, including personality traits (perfectionism, impulsivity, sensation-seeking, hopelessness, and anxiety sensitivity), self-concept (global self-esteem and self-concept clarity), sociocultural (thin-ideal, muscular-ideal, general attractiveness internalizations, and perceived pressure to be thin), and early life experiences (adverse childhood experiences, attachment styles) factors. Methods Female undergraduate university students (N = 568; M age = 19.58, SD age = 4.24) completed a questionnaire battery that included the Beliefs About Appearance Scale, Depressive Experiences Questionnaire–Self-Criticism-6 Scale, Frost-Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, the Revised Almost Perfect Scale, Substance Use Risk Profile Scale, Self-Concept Clarity Scale, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-4 Scale, Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire, Experiences in Close Relationships Scale Short Form, and the Dietary Restraint subscale of the Eating Disorders Examination Questionnaire. Results Multiple regression analyses were conducted for each set of factors separately and together. For personality traits, perfectionism, impulsivity, and anxiety sensitivity were uniquely associated with appearance focused self-concept. For self-concept, global self-esteem and self-concept clarity were uniquely associated with appearance focused self-concept. For sociocultural, general attractiveness internalization, thin-ideal internalization, and perceived pressure to be thin were uniquely associated with appearance focused self-concept. For early life experiences, attachment anxiety and avoidance were uniquely associated with appearance focused self-concept. In the combined analysis, the various factors explained 54% of the variance in appearance focused self-concept. Impulsivity, global self-esteem, general attractiveness internalization, and perceived pressure to be thin were uniquely associated with appearance focused self-concept. Conclusions Results for global self-esteem were consistent with prior research. Findings for evaluative concerns perfectionism were inconsistent with prior research. We discuss future research directions to examine the link between evaluative concerns perfectionism and appearance focused self-concept. We also discuss how sociocultural factors (general attractiveness internalization and perceived pressure to be thin) and impulsivity may help cultivate an appearance focused self-concept, advancing knowledge on the characteristics of appearance-focused people.

Introduction: Young children are increasingly provided with opportunities to interact with digital technologies in their homes. Despite an accumulating body of research on children's digital interactions, little is known about how these are situated within the social and cultural context in which they take place. In this exploratory study, we aim to extend existing knowledge by offering a contextualised understanding of children's digital experiences. To do this, we draw on Activity Theory as a conceptual framework to explore how various social and cultural factors influence and interact to shape children's opportunities and interactions with digital technologies. Method: This study draws upon ethnographic and 'day in the life' methodologies to gain rich insight into children's situated digital experiences. Along with other traditional ethnographic methodologies, children aged between 3 and 6 years from 5 families were provided with wearable chest-mounted video cameras to capture their usual daily play activities at home - which included, but was not limited to, digital activities. Results: Data on digital interactions is presented for the five participating families, and through the presentation of two purposively selected in-depth illustrative examples, we demonstrate how children's digital interactions are part of a larger activity system situated within the social and cultural contexts of their homes. We also elaborate on children's natural inclination to interact playfully with digital technologies. Discussion: This study extends on current knowledges about the contextual influences of children's digital experiences and has important implications for parents and families trying to navigate the complexities of their children's digital lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research explores the potential of Muslim heritage tourism in Sofronio Española, Palawan, as a driver of economic growth and cultural exchange. The study investigates residents' perceived attributes towards this tourism development, focusing on socio-cultural, economic, and environmental aspects. A descriptive correlational design was employed, surveying 381 residents across nine barangays using stratified random sampling. The findings indicate a high level of agreement among residents on the positive socio-cultural impact of preserving Muslim heritage sites, the economic benefits of tourismrelated income and job creation, and the necessity of sustainable environmental practices. The demographic profile revealed a predominance of females (61.2%), a youthful population with 60% aged 18-27, and a high level of educational attainment, with 48.6% having attended college. Despite these insights, statistical analysis showed no significant correlation between demographic factors (age, length of residency, educational attainment) and perceived attributes, suggesting widespread support for tourism development across different demographic segments. The study concludes that while demographic factors do not significantly influence perceptions, the overall positive outlook on Muslim heritage tourism highlights its potential for fostering sustainable development. Recommendations include enhancing community engagement, supporting local entrepreneurship, implementing sustainable tourism practices, and developing a comprehensive tourism action plan. These strategies aim to capitalize on the rich cultural and natural assets of Sofronio Española, promoting it as a premier destination for Muslim heritage tourism. This research provides a foundational understanding that can guide policymakers and stakeholders in creating effective tourism development initiatives that benefit both residents and visitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay explores the inextricable connection between the psyche and the social, and its relevance to contemporary global challenges, such as isolation and polarization. The author discusses the possibilities that psychoanalysis holds for the public good, underscoring the application of psychoanalytic knowledge to understanding the social world and creating greater access to psychoanalytic knowledge. Notably, transforming psychoanalysis to reflect multiple sociocultural subjectivities and addressing the polarization within psychoanalysis is critical for this endeavour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Teen novels often describe the uniqueness of ethnic relations, interests, and universal issues multicultural societies face. This description requires a specific exploration to examine the extent to which teen novels represent ethnic relations. Therefore, this study analyzed ethnic relations in teen novels from the perspective of sociocultural ethics based on the Theory of Ethics in Literature. The methodology of this research is descriptive qualitative text. The analysis and study focused on sociocultural identity and background, interracial relations, and sociocultural phenomena found in selected teen novels: Ayah, Nyanyian Musim Rusuh and Nanyang. The findings found that all three selected teen novels contain a means of consolidating ethnic relations and are capable of being a sociocultural expression vehicle that symbolizes the multicultural society in Malaysia. In conclusion, the selected teen novels have been shown to provide enlightenment and understanding of ethnic relations. These selected teen novels are further proposed as multicultural educational materials that can shed light and understanding on ethnic relations. The study found that certain novels for teenagers played a significant role in introducing them to the concept of ethnic relationships. This understanding can help them appreciate and comprehend the relationships between various ethnic groups in Malaysia. Additionally, research indicates that teen novels that provide insights into community cultures can enhance literacy among youth, broaden their cultural horizons, encourage critical thinking, and promote goodwill among them. The study concludes that teen novels are a powerful medium to convey ethical messages that stress the importance of preserving ethnic relations. The researchers suggest that future research explore other reading materials to better understand the topic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is described as a global health crisis. Hemodialysis (HD) is a treatment that helps CKD patients prolong their lives. However, not all patients accept HD. To date, there is limited understanding of the factors for this resistance, especially in developing countries. This Phenomenological study employed individual telephone interviews with 35 CKD patients. The interview questions were related to the refusal factors of HD. Thematic analysis revealed six themes—concerns about becoming a burden to others, cost, age considerations, advice from others, fear regarding HD treatment, and self-healing plans. This study is vital to support medical social workers in strategizing early interventions to improve hemodialysis acceptance among CKD patients. The ability of medical social workers to understand these factors and tailor appropriate interventions will help improve the treatment acceptance and outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to implement modern and professional health services by adopting local cultural values to align with community culture. The research employs both quantitative and qualitative methods, involving in-depth data collection and analysis, and interactive respondent engagement. The findings reveal that sociocultural influences significantly affect health services conducted according to IMCI (Integrated Management of Childhood Illness) standards, especially in mountainous regions with limited ethnic mixing compared to urban areas. In coastal areas, sociocultural influence is also significant but not as strong as in mountainous regions. These sociocultural factors contribute to patient management and infant mortality rates. The study examines variables such as the behavior of the patient's mother or family within the sociocultural context. This research highlights the importance of understanding and integrating local cultural values into health services to reduce infant mortality rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A representative democracy requires citizens to be politically engaged; however, a substantial portion of eligible United States voters do not vote. While structural (e.g., ease or difficulty of voting) and individual (e.g., political efficacy, civic knowledge) factors contribute to (a lack of) turnout, the present work adopts a sociocultural perspective to investigate an additional contributor: how people construe--or make sense of--the duty to vote. We examine whether, and for whom, construing voting as interdependent (i.e., voting as a duty to others), compared to independent (i.e., voting as a duty to self), is associated with increased perceived duty and political engagement. Archival analysis (n = 10,185) documents how perceived duty to vote relates to voter turnout in a nationally representative sample of Americans (Study 1). Two preregistered studies (total n = 1,256) provide evidence that naturalistically construing one's duty to vote as interdependent (Study 2) and experimentally reflecting on interdependence (Study 3) both predict increases in perceived voting duty. Perceived duty to vote, in turn, is associated with heightened political engagement intentions. Taken together, the present work suggests that how voting is construed--as an independent duty to the self or an interdependent duty to others--may meaningfully influence political engagement, with implications for voter turnout interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There have been calls for more research to investigate the sociocultural context of retail food environments. This paper examines how a segment of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, residents described convenience stores (CS) in their local retail food environments. 84 social media discussions from Ottawa residents pertaining to their local retail food outlets were qualitatively analyzed, and three themes were formulated: 1) CS are interchangeable, 2) CS are not 'real stores,' and 3) CS are dangerous retail food outlets. We argue that these social constructions of CS have implications for healthy food environments and offer suggestions for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aims: Although exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) has many benefits, it is not commonly practiced in several countries as a result of context‐specific challenges. EBF practice is thus a global health discourse because over 200 million children suffer from malnutrition despite the abundance of human milk. The risk of starvation remains very high among African children with less than 40% of them exclusively breastfed. In Africa, the adoption or nonadherence to EBF is a sociocultural issue. Hence, this narrative review examined the sociocultural context of EBF in the region. Methods: PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus were searched using keywords related to EBF and Africa. Relevant data from selected studies were synthesized narratively and reported using a structured narrative format. Results: EBF is strongly rooted in every culture and is a culturally determined behavior. Some believe that colostrum is dirty and harmful to newborns and, thus, needs to be purified. Despite the belief that human milk is the best food for babies, mothers often complement human milk with other foods right from birth because of perceived lactation inadequacy. Most African mothers believe in prelacteal feeding to help cleanse the infant's gastrointestinal tract for digestion, quench thirst, flush the bladder and help the mother to rest after childbirth before breastfeeding (BF) is initiated. The role of significant others was equally found important in the decision and duration of BF. The availability of family support (especially from grandmothers and husbands) reportedly encouraged EBF in Africa. The duration and exclusivity of BF in Africa are negatively associated with demographic variables like young age, low level of education, being unmarried, low income, out of employment, and parity (first‐time mother). Conclusion: While there have been some efforts and policies to improve EBF, it is important to consider context‐specific challenges and sociocultural factors. There is a need for more deliberate efforts to encourage mothers through the implementation of effective best practices concerning EBF in Africa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper delves into the sociocultural landscape portrayed in Chetan Bhagat's novel Five Point Someone to provide insights into the youth culture of metropolitan India. The narrative explores the lives of three protagonists as they navigate the demanding academic environment of an elite engineering institute in Delhi. Through a sociocultural lens, we examine how these characters grapple with societal expectations, peer pressure, and the impact of a rigid educational system on their identities and aspirations. The analysis focuses on key themes such as identity formation, rebellion against tradition, and the clash between individual desires and societal norms. We also investigate the characters' responses to familial pressures, the pursuit of personal goals, and the challenges they face while striving for academic success. This examination of Five Point Someone offers a deeper understanding of the sociocultural dynamics that shape the lives of metropolitan youth in contemporary India. By shedding light on the complexities of their experiences, we contribute to a broader conversation about the evolving youth culture in urban settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

O artigo resulta de um estudo, cujo o objetivo foi analisar a repercussão da Lei n° 12.305/2010, que instituiu a Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos, em relação a problemática dos resíduos sólidos no Município de Cruz Alta/RS. Considerando que é no município que se verifica a maior responsabilidade frente a gestão dos resíduos sólidos, tratando-se a implementação da Lei um processo longo e controverso, indagou-se: Como a Lei n° 12.305/2010 está contribuindo para amenizar a problemática dos resíduos sólidos no Município de Cruz Alta? Para tanto, o método utilizado na pesquisa foi o dedutivo, caracterizando-se, ainda, como qualitativa do tipo descritiva e bibliográfica, complementada pela análise documental. Os resultados mostram que, embora a coleta seletiva tenha sido a principal medida adotada pelo município para cumprir a Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (PNRS) e ajudar a mitigar os problemas dos resíduos sólidos, o município enfrenta dificuldades para atender plenamente às diretrizes e objetivos da lei. Além disso, foi constatado que a formulação da PNRS falhou ao não envolver adequadamente a participação cidadã dos municípios no seu desenvolvimento.

Abstract Background Studying the public perception of nurses among nursing students is vital in establishing strategic solutions to recruit and retain more students in nursing programs and to contain nurses in the health care system. Aim This study aimed to determine the mediating role of self-concept in the relationship between sociocultural and perceived public image of nurses. Methods This study employed a correlational approach using convenience sampling of 1390 participants. This study was conducted at six large universities in three regions of Saudi Arabia (central, northern, and eastern). Student nurses in their second to fourth years of study were included as participants, with an 89.7% response rate. Data were collected from January to April 2023. Results A significant positive relationship was observed between sociocultural factors and self-concept (r = .685, p = .0001). In addition, there was a significant positive relationship between self-concept and public image (PI) (r = .352, p value = 0.0001). Furthermore, there was a significant positive relationship between sociocultural and public image (r = .456, p = .0001); sociocultural had a direct effect on self-concept (β = 0.324, SE = 0.098, t = 9.429, p

In the 21st century, there have been significant indigenous advancements in the field of physiotherapy. However, there still exist certain sociocultural and spiritual beliefs among practitioners. Through meticulous examination, evaluation, diagnosis, prognosis, and physical intervention, physiotherapists utilise mechanical movements and force to treat impairments and help improve function, mobility, and quality of life. The cultural framework plays a crucial role in how individuals experience health, illness, and disability. Simultaneously, sociocultural factors are pivotal in the physical function, health, and illness of individuals. This paper explores the social, cultural and spiritual influences on physiotherapy across different societal and professional contexts. While there have been several recent studies providing snapshots of advancements in technologies in the healthcare system, there are not as many focusing on these three aspects in the clinical practice of physiotherapists. Due to the different eras in the history of physiotherapy, the present article demonstrates how physiotherapists are influenced by social, cultural, and spiritual domains. It is challenging to generalise the results in every situation and geographical area. Therefore, physiotherapists should be proactive in addressing these healthy beliefs at the grassroots level within the healthcare society. To create a personalised treatment plan, goal-setting, and care plan for the patient, the physiotherapist finds great value in understanding the patient’s sociocultural and spiritual history.

Abstract Chronic musculoskeletal pain including knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of disability worldwide. Previous research indicates ethnic-race groups differ in the pain and functional limitations experienced with knee OA. However, when socioenvironmental factors are included in analyses, group differences in pain and function wane. Pain-related brain structures are another area where ethnic-race group differences have been observed. Environmental and sociocultural factors e.g., income, education, experiences of discrimination, and social support influence brain structures. We investigate if environmental and sociocultural factors reduce previously observed ethnic-race group differences in pain-related brain structures. Data were analyzed from 147 self-identified non-Hispanic black (NHB) and non-Hispanic white (NHW), middle and older aged adults with knee pain in the past month. Information collected included health and pain history, environmental and sociocultural resources, and brain imaging. The NHB adults were younger and reported lower income and education compared to their NHW peers. In hierarchical multiple regression models, sociocultural and environmental factors explained 6–37% of the variance in pain-related brain regions. Self-identified ethnicity-race provided an additional 4–13% of explanatory value in the amygdala, hippocampus, insula, bilateral primary somatosensory cortex, and thalamus. In the rostral/caudal anterior cingulate and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, self-identified ethnicity-race was not a predictor after accounting for environmental, sociocultural, and demographic factors. Findings help to disentangle and identify some of the factors contributing to ethnic-race group disparities in pain-related brain structures. Numerous arrays of environmental and sociocultural factors remain to be investigated. Further, the differing sociodemographic representation of our NHB and NHW participants highlights the role for intersectional considerations in future research.

This paper investigates the relationship among students’ mindsets, academic performance, English proficiency, and that of their social networks in the Sultanate of Oman. Two main questions were addressed, namely the relationship among the students’ mindset, their social network’s mindset and their academic performance, and the correlation between the students’ proficiency in English and that of their social networks. Results revealed individual’s mindset significantly influences their academic performance. The mindset within an individual’s social network may also affect their academic achievement. Data also suggested that individual mindset has a more dominant role in the students’ academic performance than their social network. The relationship between participants’ English proficiency and their social network revealed inconclusive findings. Given Oman’s Vision 2040 that places a strong emphasis on knowledge-driven society, this study emphasizes the importance of nurturing a growth-oriented mindset within social networks to achieve national educational objectives.

Abstract Background Besides regulatory learning skills, learning also requires students to relate to their social context and negotiate it as they transition and adjust to medical training. As such, there is a need to consider and explore the role of social and cultural aspects in student learning, particularly in problem-based learning, where the learning paradigm differs from what most students have previously experienced. In this article, we report on the findings of a study exploring first-year medical students’ experiences during the first semester of an undergraduate problem-based learning medical program at an African medical school. Method We employed a qualitative case study approach using in-depth interviews with 23 first-year medical students. Participants ranged in age from 18 to 25 years. All students were bi/multilingual (some spoke three to five languages), with English as the learning language. We conducted an inductive thematic analysis to systematically identify and analyze patterns in the data using the Braun and Clarke framework. Results Before medical school, students worked hard to compete for admission to medical school, were primarily taught using a teacher-centered approach, and preferred working alone. At the beginning of medical school, students found it challenging to understand the problem-based learning process, the role of the case, speaking and working effectively in a group, managing a heavy workload, and taking increased responsibility for their learning. By the end of the first semester, most students were handling the workload better, were more comfortable with their peers and facilitators, and appreciated the value of the problem-based learning approach. Conclusions Our study highlights the importance of interrogating contextual sociocultural factors that could cause tension when implementing problem-based learning in non-western medical schools. Adjustment to problem-based learning requires a conceptual and pedagogic shift towards learner-centered practice, particularly concerning self-direction, the role of the case, and collaborative learning. As such, there is a need to develop and implement research-informed learning development programs that enable students to reflect on their sociocultural beliefs and practices, and enhance their regulatory learning competence to optimize meaningful and early engagement with the problem-based learning process.

Naa-Korkor Allotey,1,2 Samuel Adolf Bosoka3,4 1Ethics and Research Management Department, Research and Development Division, Ghana Health Service, Accra, Ghana; 2Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana; 3Disease Surveillance Unit, Volta Regional Health Directorate, Ghana Health Service, Ho, Ghana; 4Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Fred N. Binka School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, GhanaCorrespondence: Naa-Korkor Allotey, Email naa.korkorallotey@ghs.gov.gh; korkorallotey@gmail.comBackground: Despite efforts to increase modern contraceptive use in Ghana, prevalence rates remain low; particularly in Northern Ghana. This study, therefore, sought to determine the predictors of modern contraceptive use among couples in Northern Ghana. This research was the baseline assessment for a broader study aimed at determining the effect of an intervention to improve outcomes of modern contraception.Methods: The study was a cross-sectional design. Data was collected from 508 couples (1016 participants), using a multistage sampling technique; both members of each couple were interviewed separately. Univariate and stepwise multivariate logistic regression were used to identify predictors associated with modern contraceptive use. Qualitative data were analyzed to triangulate the findings from the quantitative data.Results: More than 97% of couples were Muslims. Qualitative data indicates that Muslims are less inclined to use Modern Contraceptives. Most participants had no education. The regression model shows that all demographic characteristics were not significant in Model 3 for men. Socio-culturally, men who gave the reason of “unconcerned” for men’s non-involvement in contraceptive adoption, had less odds of using modern contraception (AOR=0.19). Men with high subjective norms were more than 15 times more likely to use modern contraception. Female farmers were less likely to use contraceptives (AOR= 0.45). Women who reported that “nothing prevented men” from getting involved in contraceptive adoption had greater odds of adopting modern contraception (AOR= 11.15). Women with good perceived behavioral control were more likely to use modern contraception (AOR=5.03). Women with high enacted stigma and men and women with high interspousal communication were more likely to adopt modern contraception.Conclusion: Taking cognizance of demographic and sociocultural characteristics and behavioral constructs is needed when determining the predictors of modern contraceptive use among couples in Northern Ghana.Keywords: predictors, modern contraceptive use, couples, demographic, sociocultural, behavioral, Northern Ghana

IntroductionGlobally, 600,000 mothers (15-49 years) die every year due to pregnancy and childbirth-related complications. Wide variations are seen in cultural practices and beliefs surrounding this period of a woman's life. The present study explores the cultural beliefs and practices of women and families during pregnancy and the postnatal period in order to understand what behavioral management strategies are required to improve maternal and infant outcomes during pregnancy and the postpartum period.MethodsThe study was conducted in a rural area of Punjab, from December 2019 to March 2021. A total of 20 women (up to 3 months postpartum, age >18 years, were interviewed.ResultsIn general, women described eating varied and fairly healthy diets during pregnancy, especially nutritious warm food, following traditional practices. Other cultural practices included restrictions on movement and mobile phone use and the use of unsafe home remedies to promote infant safety and wellbeing, such as using gripe water, applying black pencil to the baby's eyes, and feeding the baby honey. A few were not inclined to engage with these and other cultural expectations, preferring instead to follow contemporary practices influenced by social media. These practices included being accompanied by a family member during delivery, celebrating the baby's birth regardless of sex, and early bathing post-delivery.DiscussionIt can be concluded that while many traditional practices are still followed in India, there are new beliefs and behaviors arising from an intersection between culture and technology. Developing strategies that acknowledge older beliefs and modern approaches is essential to promoting better antenatal and postpartum care.

Background: Studying the public perception of nurses among nursing students is vital in establishing strategic solutions to recruit and retain more students in nursing programs and to contain nurses in the health care system. Aim: This study aimed to determine the mediating role of self-concept in the relationship between sociocultural and perceived public image of nurses. Methods: This study employed a correlational approach using convenience sampling of 1390 participants. This study was conducted at six large universities in three regions of Saudi Arabia (central, northern, and eastern). Student nurses in their second to fourth years of study were included as participants, with an 89.7% response rate. Data were collected from January to April 2023. Results: A significant positive relationship was observed between sociocultural factors and self-concept (r =.685, p =.0001). In addition, there was a significant positive relationship between self-concept and public image (PI) (r =.352, p value = 0.0001). Furthermore, there was a significant positive relationship between sociocultural and public image (r =.456, p =.0001); sociocultural had a direct effect on self-concept (β = 0.324, SE = 0.098, t = 9.429, p <.0001) and public image (β = 0.605, SE = 0.038, t = 22.617, p <.0001). Furthermore, sociocultural had an indirect effect on public image through self-concept (H6) (β = 0.389, SE = 0.123, t = 12.766, p <.0001). Discussion: The study findings suggest that nursing school programs should take measures to foster a supportive environment that promotes self-concept and public image, while also being mindful of the sociocultural background. This would also open the scope for further research on the matter involving multiple centers. Conclusions: This study suggests the need for programs to boost self-concept and public image that consider sociocultural influences. These 'findings have crucial implications for student nurses' social and psychological wellbeing as they improve the understanding of how sociocultural affects self-concept and public image. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the 21st century, there have been significant indigenous advancements in the field of physiotherapy. However, there still exist certain sociocultural and spiritual beliefs among practitioners. Through meticulous examination, evaluation, diagnosis, prognosis, and physical intervention, physiotherapists utilise mechanical movements and force to treat impairments and help improve function, mobility, and quality of life. The cultural framework plays a crucial role in how individuals experience health, illness, and disability. Simultaneously, sociocultural factors are pivotal in the physical function, health, and illness of individuals. This paper explores the social, cultural and spiritual influences on physiotherapy across different societal and professional contexts. While there have been several recent studies providing snapshots of advancements in technologies in the healthcare system, there are not as many focusing on these three aspects in the clinical practice of physiotherapists. Due to the different eras in the history of physiotherapy, the present article demonstrates how physiotherapists are influenced by social, cultural, and spiritual domains. It is challenging to generalise the results in every situation and geographical area. Therefore, physiotherapists should be proactive in addressing these healthy beliefs at the grassroots level within the healthcare society. To create a personalised treatment plan, goal-setting, and care plan for the patient, the physiotherapist finds great value in understanding the patient's sociocultural and spiritual history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One aim of vocational education is educating students for occupations by fostering the development of students' capacities to become successful practitioners. During their education students are usually afforded work experience. When this is the case, students learn both at school and at the workplace. Learning at the workplace requires assessment, but this differs from assessment at school because of where (at the workplace), how (through participation) and what students learn (a process of belonging, becoming and being). At the workplace, students are usually assigned an educator who takes on the dual role of educator and assessor. This review takes a sociocultural perspective on learning at the workplace and from this perspective brings together what is already known about how workplace educators assess student performance through a qualitative systematic review. Our analysis aimed for narrative synthesis using iterative thematic analysis. The results depict workplace assessment as manifested in day-to-day work and shaped by relationships. Workplace educators are engaged in a continuous process of assessment-related interactions. They prefer using criteria that are embedded in the norms and values of their vocational community, rather than criteria prescribed by school. Workplace assessment requires negotiated criteria and truly collaborative assessment practices. These practices can be purposefully co-designed and require close communication between school and work. This review shows that assessment of workplace performance in vocational education can be conceptualised as a practice that is shaped by the specific workplace in which it is embedded. From this perspective assessment can be explicated and acknowledged, and as a consequence be further conceptualised and researched in both assessment research and vocational education research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study intends to explore the factors that lead to an increase in place attachment of apartments in residents' attitudes toward applying for housing. After analyzing previous research on connectivity, five major components that affect place attachment were identified: perceptual-cognitive, social, historic-cultural, physical, and economic factors. Field research involving 73 Tehran mid-rise apartment residents utilized textual-visual questionnaires to investigate these factors, employing open coding and content analysis for data interpretation. Despite subtle contextual changes, the findings support the relevance of the identified components. According to the participants, influencing factors listed as environmental, sociocultural, perceptual-cognitive, economic, and historic emphasize the relevance of the first five; however, the details, order, and synthesis differ somewhat from those in the research reviewed. Furthermore, based on the literature reviewed, the study concluded a three spatial scale named globalurban-property for the home connectivity scope, with varying strengths. Additionally, based on the field study conducted, the paper added two sub-scales to the property scale, specifically within the context of an apartment. These sub-scales are building and unit. City, community, and neighborhood are subscales of the urban scale. The global scale is also related to the country, which was not highlighted in the context of the present study since all participants were Iranian. Thus, the spatial scales of place attachment for apartments include city, community, neighborhood, building, and unit. Analyses highlight the relationship between a sense of belonging, influencing factors, and spatial scales. The study concludes that residents' place attachment is a protracted process that includes building/unit allocation and context-sensitive design considerations. In conclusion, changes in the sociocultural setting impact inhabitants' perceptions of place attachment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Besides regulatory learning skills, learning also requires students to relate to their social context and negotiate it as they transition and adjust to medical training. As such, there is a need to consider and explore the role of social and cultural aspects in student learning, particularly in problem-based learning, where the learning paradigm differs from what most students have previously experienced. In this article, we report on the findings of a study exploring first-year medical students' experiences during the first semester of an undergraduate problem-based learning medical program at an African medical school. Method: We employed a qualitative case study approach using in-depth interviews with 23 first-year medical students. Participants ranged in age from 18 to 25 years. All students were bi/multilingual (some spoke three to five languages), with English as the learning language. We conducted an inductive thematic analysis to systematically identify and analyze patterns in the data using the Braun and Clarke framework. Results: Before medical school, students worked hard to compete for admission to medical school, were primarily taught using a teacher-centered approach, and preferred working alone. At the beginning of medical school, students found it challenging to understand the problem-based learning process, the role of the case, speaking and working effectively in a group, managing a heavy workload, and taking increased responsibility for their learning. By the end of the first semester, most students were handling the workload better, were more comfortable with their peers and facilitators, and appreciated the value of the problem-based learning approach. Conclusions: Our study highlights the importance of interrogating contextual sociocultural factors that could cause tension when implementing problem-based learning in non-western medical schools. Adjustment to problem-based learning requires a conceptual and pedagogic shift towards learner-centered practice, particularly concerning self-direction, the role of the case, and collaborative learning. As such, there is a need to develop and implement research-informed learning development programs that enable students to reflect on their sociocultural beliefs and practices, and enhance their regulatory learning competence to optimize meaningful and early engagement with the problem-based learning process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction Method Results Conclusions Suicide is the third leading cause of death among US young adults, with significant racial/ethnic disparities related to the risk for suicide among Latine young adults. Despite the elevated risk for suicide, culturally relevant risk factors are not well‐known. Intergenerational acculturative conflict (IAC) among Latine youth is a sociocultural factor associated with suicide ideation.Although widely cited, the interpersonal theory of suicide (IPTS) lacks consistent support among Latine groups. The following cross‐sectional study examined relationships between IAC categories (cultural preference, autonomy, and dating/staying out late), IPTS risk factors (i.e., thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness), and suicide ideation frequency among 376 Mexican descent college students sampled using participant pools and snowball sampling (73.7% female: Mage = 19.88).Mediation analyses supported the hypotheses that IPTS risk factors partially explained the links between IAC categories and suicide ideation frequency.These findings advance our understanding of how sociocultural constructs, such as IAC, influence the IPTS and future advancements in culturally responsive treatments for suicide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractBackgroundMethodsResultsConclusionDeaths caused by problematic substance use are an international concern. In bereavement, meaning-making is an essential activity embedded in social and cultural contexts. There is a lack of knowledge about how sociocultural perceptions and stigma associated with problematic substance use and drug-related deaths influence how bereaved siblings give meaning to the loss of their loved ones.This article investigates bereaved siblings’ meaning-making stories about the drug-related death of their brother or sister. The study involves in-depth interviews with 14 bereaved siblings, analysed via a discursive psychologic perspective.Participants used four groups of sense-making stories about drug-related deaths: ‘death as the only outcome,’ ‘death caused by difficulties in the family,’ ‘death caused by lack of public help’, and ‘stories of uncertainty and doubt.’By identifying culturally constructed storylines used by participants about their siblings’ deaths, positionings of blame and responsibility are displayed, leading to social consequences that may affect how siblings bereaved by drug-related deaths cope with their loss and adapt to life without their brother or sister. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Little is known about the experiences of informal family care-giving for persons with ADRD in the context of Arab and Muslim communities. This paper offers fresh insight into the less-studied private sphere of the home, showing how families respond to the onset and long-term care of persons with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). It considers the extent to which sociocultural and religious influences are appropriated by family care-givers as coping mechanisms and motivators for care. Drawing upon interviews with 32 family care-givers for older persons living with ADRD in Qatar, findings reveal the intersectionality of the care-giving experience with various sociocultural, religious and emotional influences through seven emergent themes: (a) reasons and motivations for care-giving; (b) role of the extended family; (c) socio-demographic attributes of care-givers, their allocated responsibilities and how these intersect; (d) socio-religious attitudes towards care-giving of older persons; (e) social stigma; (f) personal knowledge of ADRD; and (g) coping mechanisms. The paper is concluded with key implications of these sociocultural insights for theory, policy and practice, which could inform Qatar's health and social care provision sector as well as other Arab and Muslim communities that share similar cultural and religious belief systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Medical treatment teamwork is widely advocated as an approach for treating mentally ill patients because the diverse healthcare professionals constituting medical treatment teams all contribute specific expertise for patient care. Approximately 80 per cent of South Africans are influenced by sociocultural factors with reference to their mental health issues. Hence, a decolonial medical treatment team approach to mental healthcare could enable a medical treatment team to cater for important sociocultural aspects in mental healthcare. However, at present, there is no single model or theory that accommodates important aspects such as the medical treatment teamwork and sociocultural aspects that influence mental healthcare. A qualitative, multiple-case study was used for this study to investigate these issues. The conceptual framework was developed from literature and theories and thereafter empirically investigated at two sites, namely the South African Eastern Cape Hospitals of Cecilia Makiwane and Fort England, using three data collection methods that included face-to-face, semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions and official documents. Data were analyzed applying thematic analysis. The findings indicated that sociocultural considerations such as the patient's culture and the role of their families in mental healthcare should be included in the healthcare process in order to facilitate decolonized effective mental healthcare in South Africa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background and Aims Although exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) has many benefits, it is not commonly practiced in several countries as a result of context‐specific challenges. EBF practice is thus a global health discourse because over 200 million children suffer from malnutrition despite the abundance of human milk. The risk of starvation remains very high among African children with less than 40% of them exclusively breastfed. In Africa, the adoption or nonadherence to EBF is a sociocultural issue. Hence, this narrative review examined the sociocultural context of EBF in the region. Methods PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus were searched using keywords related to EBF and Africa. Relevant data from selected studies were synthesized narratively and reported using a structured narrative format. Results EBF is strongly rooted in every culture and is a culturally determined behavior. Some believe that colostrum is dirty and harmful to newborns and, thus, needs to be purified. Despite the belief that human milk is the best food for babies, mothers often complement human milk with other foods right from birth because of perceived lactation inadequacy. Most African mothers believe in prelacteal feeding to help cleanse the infant's gastrointestinal tract for digestion, quench thirst, flush the bladder and help the mother to rest after childbirth before breastfeeding (BF) is initiated. The role of significant others was equally found important in the decision and duration of BF. The availability of family support (especially from grandmothers and husbands) reportedly encouraged EBF in Africa. The duration and exclusivity of BF in Africa are negatively associated with demographic variables like young age, low level of education, being unmarried, low income, out of employment, and parity (first‐time mother). Conclusion While there have been some efforts and policies to improve EBF, it is important to consider context‐specific challenges and sociocultural factors. There is a need for more deliberate efforts to encourage mothers through the implementation of effective best practices concerning EBF in Africa.

ObjectivesWe investigated the impact of culturally relevant social, educational, and language factors on cognitive test performance among Spanish speakers living near the US-Mexico border.MethodsParticipants included 254 healthy native Spanish speakers from the Neuropsychological Norms for the US-Mexico Border Region in Spanish (NP-NUMBRS) project (Age: M = 37.3, SD = 10.4; Education: M = 10.7, SD = 4.3; 59% Female). A comprehensive neuropsychological battery was administered in Spanish. Individual test scaled scores and T-scores (based on region-specific norms adjusted for age, education, and sex) were averaged to create Global Mean Scaled and T-scores. Measures of culturally relevant factors included a self-reported indicator of educational quality/access (proportion of education in Spanish-speaking country, quality of school/classroom setting, stopped attending school to work), childhood socioeconomic environment (parental education, proportion of time living in Spanish-speaking country, childhood socioeconomic and health status, access to basic resources, work as a child), and Spanish/English language use and fluency.ResultsSeveral culturally relevant variables were significantly associated with unadjusted Global Scaled Scores in univariable analyses. When using demographically adjusted T-scores, fewer culturally relevant characteristics were significant. In multivariable analyses, being bilingual (p = .04) and working as a child for one's own benefit compared to not working as a child (p = .006) were significantly associated with higher Global Mean T-score, accounting for 9% of variance.ConclusionsDemographically adjusted normative data provide a useful tool for the identification of brain dysfunction, as these account for much of the variance of sociocultural factors on cognitive test performance. Yet, certain culturally relevant variables still contributed to cognitive test performance above and beyond basic demographics, warranting further investigation.

With the rise of populism and Euroscepticism in the political arena of the European Union, studies have long pertained on the particular relationship between these two notions. Both of them have found place in left-wing and right-wing political parties, establishing themselves within the foundations of party programs. This study aims to understand the relationship populism and Euroscepticism build with both left and right ideologies. Previous literature demonstrates that these notions are instrumentalized for socio-economic purposes in the left, and socio-cultural purposes on the right. The study’s goal is to verify this connection, through comparing two different case studies: the first from the right-wing political party Fidesz in Hungary, and the second from the left-wing political party Podemos in Spain, which both are described as populist and Eurosceptic. The study concludes in the verification of the claim aforementioned: Podemos focuses on socio-economic goals, while Fidesz in socio-cultural.

Background As wine has become more than just a drink, exploring wine consumer studies provides a better understanding of various factors that shape the wine industry. Therefore, this paper aims to review and map the landscape of wine consumer literature using bibliometric analysis and systematic review. It identifies the key areas, clusters, antecedents, mediators, moderators, and outcomes to propose the framework for future research directions. Methods This study adopts an integrative review approach: a bibliometric and systematic review. The data for this study were retrieved from the Scopus database. While the bibliometric analyses are conducted using VoSviewer software, a systematic review is conducted using a content analysis approach. Results Four main topics in the extant wine consumer literature are identified: sustainability and wine, wine preferences and choice, wine consumer behavior, and wine consumer insights. The five critical areas of wine consumers’ literature recognized are decision-making, consumer preferences, consumer behavior, segmentation, and consumer involvement. This study also recognizes theoretical and methodological advancements in the wine consumer literature. Conclusions The findings contribute to advancing knowledge development, identifying research gaps and shedding light on future research in the wine consumer domain. The results offer practical insight for wine industry stakeholders, researchers, and influencers.