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In the past decades, the frequency of pandemics of global importance has increased significantly and has created significant threats to the health of humans and societies. The COVID-19 virus is an infectious disease with high transmissibility, spreading quickly. In the last two decades, cities have accommodated most of the world's inhabitants. The high concentration of people and activities in cities makes them vulnerable to various stressors, such as natural and manufactured disasters. In the recent pandemic, the cities are where the transmission started. Therefore, studying this virus's epidemiology in the urban context should not be ignored. A growing literature shows that residential living conditions, socioeconomic characteristics, and neighborhood conditions significantly affect pandemics. Thus, this research aims to investigate the impact of socio-economic and environmental indicators on the rate of infection with the disease of COVID-19 in the neighborhoods of Urmia city. This is the first research in the country in terms of the integrated investigation of the indicators and the scope of the study at the neighborhood level. This research used Moran's analysis and hot spots to determine the infected dispersion or concentration (cluster) and the high-risk and low-risk clustered areas. In order to analyze and determine the direction and intensity of the relationship between the variables, Pearson's correlation coefficient and multivariate regression were exerted. The results show that the number of employees, population density, number of older people, building density, commercial density, and road density have a significant relationship with the rate of infection with COVID-19. Clarifying the relationship between the level of the pandemic and the research variables will help urban planners, in the face of future pandemics, prevent the damage of the pandemic to some extent by making strategic decisions based on the research results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The results of the 2021 Census of Population, Households and dwellings showed that in the first decades of the 21st century in the Republic of North Macedonia, there was a decline in the total resident population and hinted at unfavorable demographic changes. These changes will undoubtedly have implications for the future development of the population, socio-economic and regional development. In this paper3, through available data from secondary sources, the Vardar region is analyzed as one of the eight non-administrative units-statistical regions in the Republic of North Macedonia. The available human resources and their economic characteristics (working age population and labor force) are perceived from the data of the two consecutive censuses 2002 and 2021. Also, some indicators of the economic activity of the Vardar region are analyzed (GDP per capita, GDP index, Gross value added by sectors of activity, Gross fixed capital formation by sector of activity and number of active enterprises) for the period 2010-2021. The identified changes of the basic demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the population and economic activity in the Vardar region can serve in the creation of appropriate policies, measures and activities for its development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The object of research is a list of the main factors of influence of the foreign economic sphere on the level of economic security. The effective development of the national economy largely depends on the state and level of economic security of the country in the conditions of strengthening globalization and integration processes. An adequate level of economic security is the basis for the development of socio-economic systems of any level, stability in society in general. Therefore, assessment and analysis of factors affecting economic security at different levels (countries, businesses, enterprises and organizations) is an important direction of the analytical work of specialists. For its implementation, analysts need a methodology – to determine the goal and interests, the main influencing factors and principles, to choose methodological and analytical tools. In the scientific works of economists, the methodology, level, and indicators are given as separate aspects of the formation and management of the economic security of the state. Without denying the significant contribution of these developments, the conducted research sets out the systematization of factors influencing the state of the macroeconomic environment. The study of factors influencing the macroeconomic sphere on the level of economic security of the country is based on the use of indicators calculated from available statistical data. The last twenty years, which showed an increase in world GDP almost twofold (from 51.39 trillion USD in 2000 to 101.12 trillion USD in 2020), are characterized by the loss of opportunities for the Ukrainian economy to be present on the world stage a market where competition is intensifying and carried out at a new technological level. The work defines the national economic interests of Ukraine in the global socio-economic space, the directions of the realization of the national interests of Ukraine, the dynamics of indicators of the development of the macroeconomic sphere. This made it possible to form a list of the main influential factors of the macroeconomic sphere, which directly shape the level of economic security of the state. The results of the research can be useful for the formation or adaptation of development strategies of countries with similar conditions and economies, such as Georgia, Moldova, which also have conflicts with Russia and seek to join the European Union. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agroecology is identified as an important solution to increase the sustainability of agricultural and food systems. Despite the increasing number of publications assessing the socio-economic outcomes of agroecology, very few studies have consolidated the scattered results obtained on various case studies. This paper provides new insights by consolidating evidence on the varied socio-economic effects of agroecology across a large number of cases at a global level. To this purpose, we used a rapid review methodology, screening more than 13,000 publications to retrieve evidence on the socio-economic outcomes of the implementation of agroecological practices. The results of the review indicate that (1) agroecological practices are associated more often with positive socio-economic outcomes across the broad range of evaluated metrics (51% positive, 30% negative, 10% neutral, and 9% inconclusive outcomes); (2) the socio-economic metrics associated with financial capital represent the vast majority of evaluated metrics (83% of total) and are affected positively in a large share of cases (53%), due to favourable outcomes on income, revenues, productivity and efficiency; (3) human capital metrics (16%) are associated with a larger number of negative outcomes (46% versus 38% positive), due to higher labour requirements and costs that are however partly compensated by an overall greater number of positive outcomes on labour productivity (55%); and (4) the results vary depending on the agroecological practice assessed; e.g. for agroforestry, we identify 53% positive outcomes while for cropping system diversification 35%. These results indicate an overall favourable potential for farms to benefit from a positive socio-economic performance with the use of agroecological practices. Yet, the magnitude, temporal aspects, and success factors related to these outcomes, as well as the trade-offs between them, and the system-level effects of an agroecological transition are to be further assessed, since they can have an important influence on the performance of individual farms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Economics & Environment / Ekonomia i Środowisko is the property of Fundacja Ekonomistow Srodowiska i Zasobow Naturalnych and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Widespread high exposure and vulnerability, coupled with inadequate adaptive capacity, underscore the urgent need for targeted interventions and policies to enhance urban resilience. This research communication presents a robust framework for assessing urban social vulnerability (USoV) and associated risk assessment criteria, and underscores its policy implications. Our framework integrates exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity dimensions to construct the USoVI. Applied to 146 urban centers in West Bengal, utilizing diverse indicators and advanced GIS mapping, the framework reveals elevated vulnerability levels and socio-economic disparities. Better understanding of vulnerabilities and guidance in addressing them is imperative so that effective and context-specific interventions to enhance urban resilience and alleviate vulnerability can be developed. The framework presented herein is a tool for evidence-based decision-making, empowering policymakers to craft tailored strategies that address the distinct challenges – the exposure and associated sensitivity factors - faced by diverse urban populations. By providing insights into the spatial manifestation of vulnerability and its far-reaching societal implications, we aim to contribute to the creation of inclusive, secure, and sustainable urban development. This method enhances our comprehension of vulnerability, providing urban planners with essential knowledge to tackle the intricate aspects of social vulnerability in dynamic urban settings.

Science, technology, and innovation (STI) play a vital role in driving economic growth and social development. STI measurement, including the measurement of Research and Development (R&D) investment, is crucial in providing evidence for policy and decision-making to support STI in a country. In South Africa, the Human Sciences Research Council's Centre for Science, Technology and Innovation Indicators (CeSTII), has, on behalf of the Department of Science and Innovation (DSI), conducted the annual national R&D Survey over the past two decades. As part of this, CeSTII has maintained an extensive database of historic unit-level survey responses. To date, the centre has a rich repository of curated R&D survey data series. These datasets are key tools for enhancing the system of STI indicators for evidence-based policy-making within the National System of Innovation (NSI). In this survey, CeSTII annually collects and reports on the country's R&D expenditure and personnel data across five sectors: business, not-for-profit organisations, government, science councils, and higher education institutions. Recently, these individual datasets have been merged to establish a coherent time series dataset to mitigate the challenge of repeatedly seeking historical data, which may be cumbersome and time-intensive process. The R&D indicators statistics are used by the government to inform STI policy on R&D for national priorities and required R&D funding levels and for monitoring and benchmarking purposes.

The purpose of this study is to conduct a comprehensive assessment of regional differences using key economic indicators and identify regional disparities. The study used the method of multidimensional comparative analysis and the possibility of applying it to the assessment of the economic potential of the regions Kazakhstan. The assessment includes indicators divided into three groups: financial and economic conditions, business development indicators and the standard of living of residents. The level of tax collection reflects the economic activity and productivity of business in the region, the assessment of business development indicators provides valuable information about the entrepreneurial ecosystem of the region and the growth rates of SMEs and industry in the region, the assessment of the standard of living of residents allows you to get an idea of the quality of life in the region. Target indicators were selected for the assessment, such as the receipt of taxes to the budget and the National Fund of Kazakhstan, GRP, the number of SMEs and its share in GDP, investments in fixed assets, retail trade, population growth, Average wages, the population with an income below the subsistence minimum. The results of the study can be used both at the state and local administrative level to develop programs and strategies aimed at reducing regional disparities, stimulating economic growth, and improving infrastructure in underdeveloped regions.

The paper assesses the quality of public transport services and the influence of individual components on the value of the overall satisfaction level with transport services. Public transport has many benefits in terms of energy savings, environmental impact, social equity and urban economy. The analysis of existing research confirms that the quality of service provided by the public transport system affects the intentions of potential passengers to use it more. However, the level of economic well-being, the state of development of the transport system, and the national strategy for developing social mobility influence the different perceptions of the importance of similar parameters of public transport functioning. The research was conducted based on the results of surveys of the population of Lviv. It was found that the perception of value indicators (fare and methods of paying for travel) differs the most depending on age, average monthly income and type of employment. The socio-economic indicators of the respondents have the least influence on the change in the estimation of time indicators of displacement. In this case, the level of satisfaction correlates with the actual durations of individual components of the movement (the time of the trip and the waiting time at the stop). According to the results of the surveys, the time parameters of the movement, the occupancy of the vehicle, the cleanliness of the vehicle, and the behavior of the driver have more influence on the overall assessment of the transport service quality indicator than the equipment of the stop, the convenience of boarding/alighting, the noise in the vehicle, and the convenience of paying for the fare. The obtained results can be useful for providers and customers of transport services when determining priority measures to improve the quality of public transport.

This article examines the intricate relationships between carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and key socio-economic indicators across various sectors. Utilizing different statistic methods, we scrutinize the interdependencies between air emissions and indicators such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP), education, life expectancy, pesticide use, recycling rates, agricultural production, net income, and tourism. Our analysis reveals a complex panorama where economic growth, indicated by GDP, agricultural output, and tourism, exhibits a strong positive correlation with CO2 emissions, suggesting that economic activity is a significant driver of environmental impact. Intriguingly, life expectancy also correlates positively with emissions, potentially reflecting the dual facets of industrial development, which, while boosting living standards and healthcare, concurrently increases environmental burdens. Conversely, educational attainment shows a negligible correlation, hinting at the potential for decoupling intellectual capital from carbon output. Through a robust statistical approach, this study underscores the multifaceted linkages between emissions and socio-economic health, highlighting areas for policy intervention and sustainable development strategies to balance economic advancement with environmental stewardship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Addressing climate change and improving air quality are prominent tasks facing China's ecological environment. The synergistic emission reduction in greenhouse gases (GHGs) and air pollutants has become an important task of environmental governance in different provinces. In this study, Hebei Province was taken as the research object. Firstly, the emission factors of GHGs (CO2, CH4, and NO2) and air pollutants (SO2, NOX, and smoke & dust) in Hebei Province from 2011 to 2020 were calculated and analyzed. Seven socio-economic indicators were selected to analyze the trend during the study period. The Spearman rank correlation coefficient method was used to analyze the correlation between GHG and air pollutant emissions. Finally, the synergistic control effect coordinate system and the cross-elasticity coefficient of emission reduction were used to study the synergistic emission reduction effect of GHGs and air pollutants. The results showed that the total amount of GHG emissions fluctuated slightly from 2011 to 2020, and energy activities were the main source of total GHG emissions. The total emissions of air pollutants decreased year by year, and decreased by 71.13% in 2020 compared with 2011. During the study period, the emission synergy between smoke & dust and GHG was better than that between SO2, NOX, and GHG. GHG and SO2, NOX, and smoke & dust achieved synergistic emission reduction in most years, but the overall emission reduction synergy was poor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The properties of the models of indexation of administrative subjects according to the compound of socioeconomic indicators are investigated. Interest in the study is caused by the fact that there is no single best method for assessing the state of administrative entities, since the state of the subject is a multifaceted characteristic and various methods of indexation reflect different aspects of its condition. It should also be kept in mind that indexation is only an auxiliary tool that facilitates a comprehensive assessment of the state of the subject. Therefore, there is a need for the study of indexation methods properties that allow objective assessment of the subject's state on the basis of existing heterogeneous data. This study is limited by the consideration of a group of indexation models based on the principle of ranking. The properties of indexing models are studied on the example of evaluating of the children well-being index. For the analysis and illustrations of the properties of the models under consideration, the indicators for 85 regions of the Russian Federation are used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The priorities for Ukraine’s post-war reconstruction in preparation for its membership in the European Union are to ensure integration, efficient use of resources, socio-economic growth, and sustainable development. Finding ways to effectively develop the economic and other sectors, adapt to European norms and create a sustainable framework for integration into the European space was the purpose of this study. The methodology is based on the empirical research method. The reform priority coefficient was calculated using a formula for determining the priority areas for improving the economic, demographic, and political sectors of Ukraine. The study identified priority areas for Ukraine’s post-war development, including mechanisms such as ensuring sustainable economic growth, modernising infrastructure, developing trade relations with EU countries, supporting innovation and entrepreneurship, improving the quality of education and healthcare, which can be used by scientists and the state to ensure the country’s effective development and obtaining the status of a full EU member. The importance of ensuring social protection of the population, including raising living standards and ensuring access to basic social services, was identified. The study found that effective economic diplomacy and the expansion of international relations with EU member states are crucial factors for Ukraine’s successful preparation for EU membership. The focus is on ensuring strategic orientation, efficient use of resources and achieving the country’s socio-economic development in line with European standards and values. In practice, these results can become the basis for developing strategic decisions and programmes in line with EU criteria

Nigeria was the first to announce the discovery of COVID-19 cases in Sub-Saharan Africa on the 27th of February 2020 and ever since then, the rate of spread has been rapid. The effects of Socio-Economic Indicators such as the percentage of the population below and above 65 years, Unemployment rate, HIV/AIDS prevalence rate, Population density, Literacy rate and Mortality rate on the incidence rate of COVID-19 in Nigeria cannot be overemphasized. The research thus used the Spatial Modelling techniques to examine the variations in COVID-19 incidence rate in the affected states in Nigeria occasioned by the above-listed socioeconomic factors, by applying four (4) different models vis-à-vis Ordinary Least Squared (OLS), Spatial Lag Model (SLM), Spatial Error Model (SEM) and Geographically weighted regression (GWR) to cover its scope and also performed spatial diagnostic analysis to ascertain the model goodness of fit. Based on the findings, GWR outperformed other models as it explained about 97.6% of the variability among the variables in the model, has the highest Log likelihood (16.873) which shows the goodness of fit and the lowest AIC (- 4.192). More so, the results were able to estimate a consistent prediction and spatial variability of the incidence rate of COVID-19 in Nigerian states which could help drive policymaking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid socio-economic development and urbanization in China have led to a decline in air quality. Therefore, the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of urban air pollution, as well as its formation mechanisms and influencing factors, have become important areas of research in atmospheric environment studies. This paper focuses on nine monitoring sites in Nanjing, where concentration data for six air pollutants and vegetation index data were collected from 2013 to 2021. The objective of this study is to investigate the changes in air pollutants and vegetation index over time and space, as well as their relationship with each other, and to assess the social and environmental impacts of air pollution. The findings reveal a spatial distribution pattern of air pollution in Nanjing that exhibits significant variability, with pollutant concentrations decreasing from the city center towards the surrounding areas. Notably, the main urban area has lower air quality compared to the peripheral regions. The results obtained from best-fit linear regression models and correlation heatmaps demonstrate a strong correlation (coefficient of determination, R2 > 0.5) between the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and pollutants such as SO2, NO2, PM2.5, PM10, and O3 within a radial distance of 2 km from the air pollutant monitoring sites. These findings indicate that NDVI can be an effective indicator for assessing the distribution and concentrations of air pollutants. Negative correlations between NDVI and socio-economic indicators are observed under relatively consistent natural conditions, including climate and terrain. Therefore, the spatiotemporal distribution patterns of NDVI can provide valuable insights not only into socio-economic growth but also into the levels and locations of air pollution concentrations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sağlık teknolojilerinde yaşanan gelişmeler ve sağlık hizmetlerinde yapılan iyileştirmelerle ortalama yaşam süresi yıldan yıla artmaktadır. Ortalama yaşam süresinin gelişmiş ülkelerde gelişmekte olan ülkelere göre daha fazla olduğu, kadınlarda ise erkeklere göre ortalama yaşam süresinin daha yüksek olduğu görülmektedir. Ortalama yaşam süresini etkileyen birçok faktör bulunduğundan bu çalışmada cinsiyete özgü yaşam süresini etkilediği düşünülen sosyo-ekonomik faktörler incelenmiştir. Bu kapsamda Dünya Bankası gelir sınıflandırmasına göre üst-orta gelir grubunda yer alan ülkelerin cinsiyete özgü ortalama yaşam sürelerinin sosyo-ekonomik göstergeler ile ilişkisini incelemek amacıyla panel veri analizi yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Çalışmada üst-orta gelir grubunda yer alan 54 ülkeden verilerine ulaşılabilen 40 ülke analiz edilmiş ve Dünya Bankası veri tabanından alınan ülkelere ait 1991-2020 yılları arasındaki veriler kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda enflasyon, işsizlik ve nüfus artışının ortalama yaşam süresi üzerinde negatif bir etkisinin olduğu, kişi başı gelir ve ekonomik büyümenin ise ortalama yaşam süresini pozitif yönde etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca ortalama yaşam süresini olumlu yönde en fazla etkileyen faktörün ekonomik büyüme olduğu görülmüştür.

The research on the determinants of economic growth has taken a new dynamic pattern in the recent times. More studies are now explaining the need to better consider the socio-economic indicators that promote economic growth across the globe. Hence, this paper examined the relationship between socio-economic indicators and economic growth in both Nigeria and South Africa covering the period 1999-2020. Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) estimation technique was employed. The results of the study show that secondary school enrollment and employment are positive and significant in driving the economic growth of both Nigeria and South Africa. However, inflation and mortality rate reduce economic growth in both countries. But in South Africa, life expectancy reveals a negative impact on economic growth. The empirical outcomes of the study can be used by the government to formulate policies that can promote human capital development and employment creation. It can also assist the government in formulating monetary policies that can reduce the outburst of inflation.

Using the latest release of employment and value added numbers in the bioeconomy sectors, we conducted an analysis on the performance of the EU bioeconomy during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Our finding point to a potentially higher level of resilience of the bioeconomy sectors compared to the overall economy. While employment in the bioeconomy registered a similar (but slightly sharper) decrease to the total EU average (-1.7% vs. -1.4%), the value added fell substantially below average (-0.4% vs. -4.0%). The more modern biomass-processing sectors (chemicals and pharmaceuticals, as well as bioelectricity) performed better than the more traditional sectors (such as food or textiles). At the Member State level, we observed a high degree of heterogeneity in sectoral performance. By discussing these estimates alongside previous qualitative insights from the related literature, we emphasize the relevance of the bioeconomy not only for environmental sustainability but also for socioeconomic stability.

The main objective of the current study was to contribute to the creation of a practically usable set of heritage development project performance indicators and check their usage possibilities in the Latvian context. For this purpose, the authors have studied scientific literature, regulatory acts, international methodologies, as well as 22 EU co-financed projects related to the cultural heritage objects' development. The developed list of indicators was tested through a sociological survey in all Latvian municipalities, other institutions and organizations. The study results showed that the use of indicators can increase public awareness and support for planned and implemented projects. The possibility of obtaining relevant measurement data (not applicability of the indicators alone) plays a very important role in the use of indicators. In addition, municipalities better accept indicators that are directly related to project results, do not require resource-intensive financial and economic analysis and are not related to long-term socio-economic impact. The study revealed that greater attention on the national scale (both by project implementers and supervisory institutions), should be paid to the acquisition and processing of the necessary data at the municipal level, paying special attention to the impact of implemented projects on well-being of population, environment, economy, finances, social inclusion, local production, education, science, real estate and infrastructure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research has highlighted agriculture's contribution to the Romanian bioeconomy growth at the level of each territorial administrative region (NUTS 2). This paper analyzes the relevant socio-economic indicators of the bioeconomy in Romania's regions. We use Eurostat and the National Institute of Statistics from Romania (NIS) database for selected indicators. Cluster analysis using the SPSS software was chosen as a research method. Results revealed disparities between development regions. The article concludes that regional policies and investments from government and private firms have an essential role in developing agriculture and the bioeconomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this work is the study of psychological well-being of people close to retirement and determine the relationship with socio-economic indicators for the region, directly reflecting the material well-being of the population. The results of a survey of 903 respondents of pre-retirement age in three regions showed differences in all six parameters of the "Ryff Scale of psychological well-being". A comparative quantitative analysis of four socio-economic indicators in each region, directly reflecting the material well-being of the population, showed that the leader in all respects is the Republic of Khakassia, in second place on the level of wages and pensions – the Republic of Tuva, Altai Republic takes the second place in terms of spending and the share of the region's residents with an income less than the subsistence minimum. The study revealed a correlation between the level of psychological well-being of residents of pre-retirement age in the region and the level of wages and pensions in the region. The results of the study can be used by regional governmental administrations in developing strategies and tactics for socio-economic development of the region. The methods and results of this work can be used by scientists and officials to study the level of psychological well-being of the population and the relationship of psychological state with socio-economic indicators. Further research can be aimed at identifying significant factors of socio-economic policy that cause critical changes in the well-being of residents of the regions of the older social group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Li, W.; Xiang, W.; Wang, H.; Dong, J.; Xu, H.; Zhang, J.; Zuo, C.; Liu, Q.; Lv, J., and Xie, Q., 2023. Preliminary coastal vulnerability assessment for Guangdong province, Southeast China. Journal of Coastal Research, 39(3), 509–518. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. Accelerating sea level rise and intensifying extreme marine and weather events pose unprecedented challenges to coastal areas in the context of climate change. As a hotspot of marine disasters, Guangdong has been suffering from severe marine disasters including storms, flooding, coastal erosion, and saltwater intrusion in the last decades. It is essential for coastal management authorities to distinguish vulnerable areas and optimize coastal planning. To help identify the coastal vulnerability patterns of the Guangdong coast, the coastal vulnerability index was used based on integrated physical and socio-economic indicators including relative sea level rise, mean tide range, significant wave height, coastal slope, geomorphology, population, land use, and coastal gross domestic product. Each indicator was assigned five vulnerability classifications from very low to very high (1–5). Results show that about 36.7% of the coastline in Guangdong is highly vulnerable, of which 18.3% of the coastline is very highly vulnerable. About 63.3% of the coastline is in moderate to low vulnerability. In particular, the coastal areas in east of Zhanjiang, Maoming, Yangjiang, Zhuhai, Zhongshan, Guangzhou, west of Shenzhen, east Shanwei, and Chaozhou are more vulnerable to sea level rise, which calls for urgent planning and protective measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Central Asian Economic Review is the property of Narxoz University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Scientific research in the field of healthcare contributes to solving not only medical, but also economic and social issues. One of the latest trends is the growing interest in evaluating the effectiveness of research conducted. In the current study, we have hypothesized that science contributes to the reduction of the Cancer Mortality Rate (CMR) by making awareness about and bringing attention to this disease. The purpose of our investigation is to study the possible correlation between five scientometric indicators (Web of Science Documents, International Collaborations, etc.) and CMR changes for 14 countries. Furthermore, the expenditures of GDP in both science and healthcare for each of the studied countries have been considered within the framework of cancer-science relations in order to find out the possible socio-economic impact on cancer incidence. Methodologically, the study relies on the principles of scientometric management. The research data were retrieved from Web of Science and the World Health Organization for the period from 1997 to 2017. To investigate the correlation between scientific research and the CMR, we have used bibliometric data and nonparametric statistical methods (the Kruskal-Wallis test, Spearman’s correlation coefficient) as well as the Dunn test of multiple group checks and the Shapiro-Wilk test. R language, Tidyverse package R and VOSviewer were used for data processing. The research results showed that during the period in question there was an increase in the CMR in Armenia and Georgia, while in Iran and Azerbaijan it remained almost consistent. For the rest of the countries from Asia and Europe, as well as Canada and the USA, the CMR experienced a downward trend. We have found close links between scientometric data, the CMR and economic costs for Europe and the USA. At the same time, for Armenia and neighbouring countries the correlation between the CMR and GDP was weak. Moreover, GDP costs incurred in healthcare and science did not have a positive effect on the CMR in Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia. This indicates that scientific and socio-economic factors are highly correlated with each other and, therefore, have a positive impact on the CMR, mainly in Europe and the USA. However, the science-health relationship in Armenia is still weak and requires efforts to prevent the continued rise in CMR levels. The findings of this study can also be applied to other fields of science and help to establish close links between scientometrics and various branches of medicine.

The focus on rural development and the empowerment of rural communities is a crucial issue for underdeveloped societies. In the past, it was believed that these communities could overcome poverty and backwardness through interventions and comprehensive plans that provide sustainable livelihoods. However, it is now clear that the internal power and capacity of rural communities play a vital role in achieving development and creating sustainable livelihoods. This article aims to classify the ability and development potential of villages in Malekshahi city based on socio-economic indicators. The research method employed in this study is a survey, targeting households in the Malekshahi villages. The sample size consists of 580 samples, determined using Cochran's formula. The sampling method employed is matched sampling, with samples selected randomly. Data collection took place in 2020. The findings of the study indicate that the villages in Malekshahi exhibit stronger social indicators, such as cohesion, participation, trust, skills, and education, compared to economic indicators, such as employment, access to credit, income, and institutional structures. Therefore, it is recommended to implement an empowerment program that focuses on providing sustainable livelihoods. This program should leverage the local social and human capital while addressing barriers to accessing financial credit and facilitating the circulation of small funds within rural communities. By doing so, rural communities can enhance their economic indicators and create a more sustainable and prosperous environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Selcuk University Social Sciences Institute / Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi is the property of Journal of Selcuk University Social Sciences Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia is the property of Wydawnictwo SGGW and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Socio-economic inequality may be addressed at a different scale. Its impact at a micro and macro level on very many social issues is well-known, as well as its effects on global development being extensively reported in literature, where inequality is often seen as a clear barrier on the path to a sustainable development. That becomes extremely critical in light of major global challenges, such as climate change. The quantification of inequality in the different contexts, its interpretation, as well as its impact on society at a different level are object of major interest and discussion within the scientific community. Inspired by the famous African proverb "if you want to go fast go alone; If you want to go far go together", we propose an indicator—Walking Together Indicator (WTI), based on a simple model to foster transparency and broad communication. It relies on the statistical standard deviation to facilitate the measurement of inequality looking at single metrics (e.g., GDP) as well as considering broad categories (e.g., Economy) composed of multiple indicators. Despite evident limitations, simplifications (context-less comparison among countries) and approximations (significant lack of data), the study conducted on well-known macro indicators presents a fundamental coherence in the result. Indeed, it shows a reducing inequality in the main trends. On the other side, the performed computations also point out a relevant exception for the main economic indicator, which is characterised, overall, by an increasing inequality among the considered countries. Such a contrasting trend is partially explainable looking at the simplifications in the model, which neither considers dependencies among indicators nor assumes weighting. The indicator provides a very encouraging and optimistic figure. However, the recent pandemic has shown a world running at different speeds. It advises a more conservative interpretation of the indicator as the exception related to economy is relevant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the results of a study of the dynamics of the main indicators of the socio-economic development of the federal districts of Russia for the period 2005–2020, which caused the presence of problems associated with the uneven spatial development of the country and correlated with the standard of living of the population. It is shown that the excessive unevenness of the economic development of regions has the most negative effect on their social condition. As part of the study, the analysis of socio-economic indicators in the context of federal districts was carried out on the basis of statistical data from Rosstat, which ensured their comparability for different periods of observation. Long-term trends have been identified, indicating a steady increase in the level of differentiation of a number of indicators between federal districts. The study allowed us to identify three groups of federal districts of Russia, showing: accelerated growth of indicators of socio-economic development above the average level in Russia; relatively insignificant growth rates; the increasing decline in indicators.

The paper is focused on studying the relationship between the risk of terrorism and economic and political development of 13 European countries, quantified using a set of socio-economic and political indicator variables. Numbers of terrorist attacks are used as a terrorist activity indicator. A method of categorization of the numbers of terrorist attacks into a level of risk of terrorism index is presented. Proportional odds multinomial logit generalized linear model is used to describe the connection between the level of risk and the socio-economic and political indicator variables. The presented findings imply that the connection is significant for 9 out of the 13 studied countries. Furthermore, a possible application of the model for obtaining short time predictions of the probability of the levels of risk is presented using a real data set. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Migration is the primary demographic process that defines human settlement patterns and has a significant impact on human evolution. Migrants often seek better economic opportunities, higher levels of education, the chance to reunite with loved ones, or a safer environment. Given the paucity of literature, this study concentrates on the pattern of migration and the factors that influence district-level internal migration. And also, examines the relationship between socioeconomic indicators and inter-migration rate in Srinagar, J&K, India. Secondary data from the census of India, digest of statistics, government reports, and research publications was utilized to investigate the migration trend. To investigate the relationship between the socioeconomic variables and the international migration rate, a linear regression analysis was performed. Pursuant to the regression findings, male migrants dominate urban-to-urban migration while female migrants dominate urban-to-rural areas. Employment is the primary motivation for male migrants, whereas marriage is the primary motivation for female migrants. This study supported the view that factors such as literacy and employment have a close bearing on migration flow, whereas population growth shows a negative relationship with migration. The analysis of patterns would be valuable for formulating new policies, providing economic opportunities near the place of residence, and base for urban planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We use archival data from various sources between 1990 and 2019 to construct a comprehensive index of economic integration between Hong Kong and Chinese mainland. The results indicate that the two economies have become highly integrated and interdependent over time. Cointegration tests of the long-run relationships between the index and economic and social indicators suggest that such integration is largely in tandem with the economic development of Hong Kong (e.g. GDP growth, unemployment, and property prices). However, the index is also associated with increasing disparity, a lack of confidence in the government and the future of Hong Kong, and the identity of Hongkongers. The findings reveal the positive effect of economic integration as well as deep-rooted problems in the territory. These problems present significant challenges for economic development and governance under the 'one country, two systems' and call for policy discourse on effective solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid socio-economic development and urbanization in China have led to a decline in air quality. Therefore, the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of urban air pollution, as well as its formation mechanisms and influencing factors, have become important areas of research in atmospheric environment studies. This paper focuses on nine monitoring sites in Nanjing, where concentration data for six air pollutants and vegetation index data were collected from 2013 to 2021. The objective of this study is to investigate the changes in air pollutants and vegetation index over time and space, as well as their relationship with each other, and to assess the social and environmental impacts of air pollution. The findings reveal a spatial distribution pattern of air pollution in Nanjing that exhibits significant variability, with pollutant concentrations decreasing from the city center towards the surrounding areas. Notably, the main urban area has lower air quality compared to the peripheral regions. The results obtained from best-fit linear regression models and correlation heatmaps demonstrate a strong correlation (coefficient of determination, R2 > 0.5) between the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and pollutants such as SO2, NO2, PM2.5, PM10, and O3 within a radial distance of 2 km from the air pollutant monitoring sites. These findings indicate that NDVI can be an effective indicator for assessing the distribution and concentrations of air pollutants. Negative correlations between NDVI and socio-economic indicators are observed under relatively consistent natural conditions, including climate and terrain. Therefore, the spatiotemporal distribution patterns of NDVI can provide valuable insights not only into socio-economic growth but also into the levels and locations of air pollution concentrations.

Territorial inequality is a serious obstacle to the socio-economic development of any country. Therefore, to reduce poverty, unemployment, and improve the well-being of the population, not only the intensification of economic activity in the country is needed, but also the provision of its territorial inclusion. However, as natural and scientifically explicable these causes are, their consequences are undesirable, exacerbating tensions in all spheres of public life and giving rise to instability, crises, unemployment and poverty. At the same time, the deepening of territorial disparities is even more worrying in developing countries and countries with economies in transition, where disproportionate territorial economic development, in the absence of funding, also leads to social stratification. The article discusses the territorial disparities of the Republic of Armenia in the context of socio-economic development. In order to reveal the existing asymmetries between the capital Yerevan and other regions, we have developed a system of socio-economic indicators, on the basis of which sectoral indices have been calculated for the whole country, as well as for its separate regions. Then, the mentioned system of indicators was used for cluster analysis by regions, as a result of which they were classified into 4 main groups.

Understanding the determinants of health is essential for designing effective strategies to advance economic growth, reduce disease and disability, and enhance quality of life. We undertake a comprehensive outlook on public health by incorporating three metrics — life expectancy (LE), healthy life expectancy (HLE), and the discrepancy between the two. We investigate the effects of various health and socio-economic factors on these metrics and employ causal machine learning and statistical methods such as propensity score matching, X-learners, and causal forests to calculate treatment effects. An increase in basic water services and public health expenditure significantly increased average LE whereas high human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence rates and poverty rates reduced average LE. High gross national income (GNI) per capita and moderate body mass index (BMI) increased HLE whilst high HIV prevalence rates decreased HLE. High public health expenditure and high GNI per capita expand the gap between HLE and LE whereas high HIV prevalence rates and moderate BMI diminish this gap. Results suggest that policymakers should utilize governmental resources to improve public health infrastructure rather than provide fiscal incentives to encourage private healthcare infrastructure. Additionally, more emphasis should be placed on increasing educational levels of the general public by increasing educational expenditure and making educational institutions, public and private, more accountable.