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Athletic spaces are often perceived as unwelcoming by sexual minority (SM) athletes, contributing to disparities in sports persistence in early adulthood. Further examination of how SM navigate decisions about sports participation during the transition to college is needed to develop and maintain inclusive campus athletic offerings, including recreational sports. By analyzing interview data from 23 SM college students, we found that SM find supportive athletic community through important vetting of these spaces prior to initiation. SM look at two aspects of a program's makeup—its' values and visible diversity of its members—through one's own personal "vibe check" either in-person or online. SM men in particular look for gender "outsiders," as all-male spaces threaten their perceived safety. Among those who had previously dropped out of sports, finding mixed-gender teams through this vetting process provided promise for an eventual return to sport, highlighting the importance of recreational sports in engaging underrepresented groups of athletes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social inclusion in resource governance and enjoyment is critical towards attaining social cohesion, stability and shared prosperity. The paper examines how land law reforms in Ghana with the passage of the Land Act, 2020 promote social inclusion in the land market. The study used a descriptive research design and interviewed a total of 69 respondents – land experts and practitioners. The results revealed that six of the constructed social inclusion indicators significantly promote inclusiveness in the land market. The paper underscores the need for public education on the provisions of the law and the enactment of a legislative instrument to guide implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractPurposeMaterial and MethodsResultsConclusion\nIMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONTo explore the meaning of community reintegration and strategies for promoting community reintegration based on the lived experiences of individuals with spinal cord injury in northwest Nigeria.Using a qualitative description, we purposively recruited people with spinal cord injury residing in Kano, Nigeria. Eight focus groups were conducted to gather relevant information about the meaning and strategies for community reintegration, based on the lived experiences of the participants.A total of 64 people aged 18-60 years completed the study. Most of the participants had lived with spinal cord injury for more than five years. The individuals perceived community reintegration as a multi-dimensional concept reflected by five major themes namely: living life as usual, gainful engagement, a basket of opportunities, courage and support, and acceptance of destiny. Furthermore, the participants considered education and awareness about spinal cord injury, supportive and enabling environment, equal opportunities, care and moral support, and accessible health and rehabilitation services as critical for promoting community reintegration.Community reintegration is a multidimensional process, and its promotion in northwest Nigeria requires a multisectoral approach.People with spinal cord injury experience challenges when returning to their host communities following hospital-based rehabilitation, especially in low and middle-income countries.Promotion of community reintegration among people with spinal cord injury in low and middle-income settings requires intervention at the level of the individual, community, and the government.Accessibility to the physical environment and equal employment opportunities are paramount to successful community reintegration in low and middle-income countries.Future studies should consider assessing the coping strategies of individuals with spinal cord injury and their families in low and middle-income countries.People with spinal cord injury experience challenges when returning to their host communities following hospital-based rehabilitation, especially in low and middle-income countries.Promotion of community reintegration among people with spinal cord injury in low and middle-income settings requires intervention at the level of the individual, community, and the government.Accessibility to the physical environment and equal employment opportunities are paramount to successful community reintegration in low and middle-income countries.Future studies should consider assessing the coping strategies of individuals with spinal cord injury and their families in low and middle-income countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This opinion article presents arguments to sustain the inclusion of local actors in the governance and management of water resource restoration projects. There is a lack of knowledge regarding this issue, and we propose that governance and management must be adaptive because of the complexity and constant modification of the local systems. Our proposal has theoretical, methodological, and management impacts on the network governance of local projects. We present a matrix of variables to facilitate research and management plans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The difficulties faced by youth with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs) and their families as they move into adulthood are widely documented. The aim of the paper is to explore the current situation in terms of transition processes and outcomes in four countries (the US, UK, Australia and Czech Republic) and identify commonalities and differences that help elucidate what might determine different outcomes. Two research methods—expert knowledge and rapid literature review—were combined to identify sources from which information on transition policy, processes, support practices and outcomes was extracted and synthesised. This review identified gaps in the research evidence including inadequate collection and use of data to drive policy and determine effectiveness, limited evidence‐based models or frameworks for successful transition. There was little transition research that included the voices of young people with IDD. More research is necessary to study the practices of highly successful programmes, and to explore the impact of transition programmes and disability support services on a broader range of outcomes, capturing the experiences of young people themselves and identifying factors that determine successful outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article draws on the inclusion literature and the research related to human values to develop a conceptual model addressing conditions under which social inclusion in educational settings is likely to flourish. By synthesising the fields of inquiry concerned with research on kindness, forgiveness, and peaceableness, the article suggests these core human values are synergistically interlinked in a way that encourages social inclusion in the school environment. Arguments are developed through descriptive investigation, theoretical examination, and analytic-synthetic judgment. By explicitly bringing into focus a theorised link between the three core human values and social inclusion, the study informs a wide range of stakeholders including policymakers, school administrators, teachers, and parents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scenario-guided foresight processes are increasingly used to engage a broad range of stakeholders in sharing knowledge, reflecting, and setting priorities to respond to present and future climate change related dynamics. They are particularly useful to inform agricultural policies and planning in the face of a changing climate. Such participatory approaches are key to integrating multidisciplinary expertise, perspectives, and viewpoints, and ensuring that the multi-faceted vulnerabilities and the development needs of diverse groups are addressed in the design, planning, and implementation of climate adaptation policy. However, in practice, ensuring meaningful participation in the policy process is far from straightforward. In this paper, we examine the integration of gender and social inclusion considerations in 15 scenario-guided foresight use cases across Africa, Latin America, and Southeast Asia to determine the ways in which gender and social inclusion dynamics were considered and integrated at different stages of scenario-guided planning processes. To inform the analysis, we use qualitative data from key informant interviews, interviewing scenario coordinators and a gender and social inclusion expert who was engaged in one of the cases; we also review associated reports and outputs. The results suggest that few scenario-guided planning processes centred gender and social inclusion considerations from an early stage and consistently throughout the interventions, translating often into low diversity of stakeholders and insufficient depth reached in the content produced. A number of common challenges are reported including time, budget, and human resource constraints, as well as existing power and institutional dynamics. The latter includes, for instance, low women's representation in technical organizations or important hierarchical social norms structuring discussions. While the focus on the future can disrupt established modes of doing, the complexity of foresight methods can also undermine effective participation leading to important trade-offs. Innovations in the modes of engagement and parallel processes with diverse groups can be important leverage points for inclusion within policymaking processes. Key policy insights: Gender and social inclusion should be prioritized from the onset and integrated at different stages of scenario-guided planning processes, notably by allocating more time, human, and financial resources to ensure inclusiveness. Parallel consultations among diverse organizations and groups can provide effective spaces for often-sidelined or marginalized groups' interests and needs to be integrated into policy decision-making given the existing power structures that regulate access to many workshops and related discussions. Multi-scale engagements with different networks also help deepen understanding and reconcile gaps across scales of decision-making (e.g. from local level to national level). Practitioners should further their use of foresight processes and development of tools and methods for integrating gender and social inclusion in these as part of the policy process, as well as strengthen the capacities, expertise, and role of conveners. Promotion and dissemination of existing gender and social inclusion research and documentation as well as support for learning and reflection to refine identified leverage points can lead to improved success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study tested an integrated model of the maintenance of the ableist social system toward wheelchair users. The model focuses on the endorsed medical model of disability, and the witnessing of negotiation for environmental accessibility by people without disabilities. A cross-sectional sample of 821 university staff members and students from Hong Kong without self-reported disabilities completed a self-report questionnaire. Structural equation modeling obtained a satisfactory model fit (comparative fit index =.96, Tucker-Lewis Index =.95, root mean square error of approximation =.05, standardized root mean square residuals =.06). The findings inform remedial approaches to addressing ableism toward wheelchair users at cultural, social, mass media, and education levels. The study also calls for the development of more quantitative measures of the perceptions of people without disabilities toward disability models, environmental in/accessibility, and collective actions for social inclusion for further empirical research on ableism. Points of interest: This study attempts to fill the gap of research on discrimination and stereotypes against people with disabilities. It examines perspectives of people without disabilities toward wheelchair users and environmental barriers. For people without disabilities, their experiences of witnessing wheelchair users trying to negotiate environmental barriers is related to their stereotypes against wheelchair users. For people without disabilities, their experiences of witnessing wheelchair users trying to negotiate environmental barriers is related to their stereotypes against environmental accessibility. For people without disabilities, their experiences of witnessing wheelchair users trying to negotiate environmental barriers is related to their behavioral tendency to take part in advocacy for an inclusive society. This study recognizes the need to develop more measurements and survey tools for assessing the perceptions of people without disabilities. The tools should assess perceptions of people without disabilities toward disability, environmental accessibility, and behaviors of promoting social inclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Productivity-based wage systems are intended to enhance the labour market participation of people with disabilities. Limited scholarship exists regarding the impact of such policies in practice. This qualitative study explored stakeholder perspectives on the Australian Supported Wage System (SWS), including perceptions of fairness and equity. Methods: Document review provided context and background for the study. 14 semi-structured interviews were subsequently conducted with a range of stakeholders with knowledge of the SWS. Results: Four primary themes were identified, related to assessment processes, value contributions of the system, practice risks and challenges, and ethical tensions. Conclusions: The SWS appears to enhance worker choice and inclusion. A variety of factors may reduce the quality of these outcomes, however, and employment systems should support a range of evidence-informed approaches to ensure equitable employment outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adolescents with vision impairment report deficient feelings of school belonging and challenges in developing social relationships with teachers and classmates. These challenges negatively affect other aspects of their school lives such as their academic learning. However, there is very little empirical research into the social dimensions of school inclusion in adolescents with vision impairment and their role in socio-emotional development and academic inclusion. The authors conducted two empirical studies to examine the following two dimensions of social inclusion in school: school belonging and close relationships at school. The relationship between school belonging and self-esteem and the relationship between close relationships at school and academic inclusion were also examined. Both studies recruited adolescents with severe sight impairment, sight impairment, and sighted adolescents. Study 1 involved 44 adolescents aged 12–18 years attending both mainstream and special schools in the United Kingdom. In Study 2, 42 adolescents aged 12–14 years, attending only mainstream schools in the United Kingdom, participated. The first study took place in seven UK schools, whereas the second study was conducted online. Adolescents were asked to complete questionnaires that examined school belonging, close relationships at school, self-esteem, and academic inclusion. The findings indicated that adolescents with sight impairment felt significantly less socially included compared to their peers. School belonging significantly influenced specific areas of self-esteem and the social relationships with close friends had a significant effect on academic inclusion. No group differences were found in the self-esteem and development of close social relationships between adolescents with and without vision impairment. Overall, our research highlighted the school experiences of adolescents with vision impairment and underlined the positive role of school inclusion in their academic experiences and socio-emotional development. Unexpectedly, it appears that adolescents with sight impairment experience socio-emotional challenges in their school inclusion, which should be addressed in future research and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Shared prosperity"—a social objective that all nations should pursue—has gained increasing importance in the discussion of development policy. Promotion of it has been endorsed as one of two fundamental goals meant to guide the World Bank in all its endeavours. The juncture between shared prosperity (for the sake of this paper we will use the terms shared prosperity and inclusive growth interchangeably) and poverty alleviation is appealing to a growing number of scholars and practitioners. Although a subject of increasing importance, shared prosperity has been relatively less studied and less conceptualized to date. In this paper we intend to (1) study existing research on "shared prosperity" and, on the basis of this existing research (2) identify key underlying concepts of shared prosperity. On the basis of the outcomes of this study a number of guidelines are suggested for future research which may encourage further research work in this novel area of study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Design Sample Measurements Results Conclusion The present study aimed to identify the prevalence and predisposing factors of frailty and social inclusion among community‐dwelling older adults.The study was conducted using a cross‐sectional design.The target population consisted of older adults registered in five family health centers in a city in Turkey. The study was completed with 600 older adults.The Tilburg frailty indicator (TFI) and the social inclusion scale were used to collect data.The prevalence of frailty in older adults was 60.5%. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that the risk of frailty was found to be higher in older adults aged 75 and over (2.5 times), those with low education level (5.8 times), those who were single (2 times), those with chronic diseases (1.8 times), those with unhealthy lifestyle (2.8 times), and those who were dissatisfied with their home living environment (5.9 times). It was found that age, education level, marital status, income, presence of chronic disease, lifestyle, satisfaction with their home living environment, and frailty explained 50% of the variance in social inclusion.The study concluded that most community‐dwelling older adults were frail, and social inclusion was lower in those frail. Age, education level, marital status, lifestyle, presence of chronic disease, and satisfaction with their home living environment were found to be predisposing factors for both frailty and social inclusion. Public health nurses could develop strategies to prevent frailty in older adults and increase activities that encourage participation in social life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Most individuals with severe mental illness (SMI) strongly prefer independent living over living in an institution. Independent Supported Housing (ISH) provides housing rehabilitation for persons with SMI in their accommodations. However, most individuals who need housing rehabilitation live in institutional housing settings (housing rehabilitation as usual: HAU). We investigated which housing rehabilitation setting is effective on which variable in the long term to support service users to form an informed preference for either housing rehabilitation setting. Methods: We conducted a two-year longitudinal observational non-inferiority study to test the effectiveness of ISH in improving participants' social inclusion, quality of life, emotional social support, capabilities, symptom severity, functioning, service utilisation and costs. Participants were assessed at baseline and after six, twelve, and 24 months. Mixed effects models were computed to test between-group and within-group effects. Results: The study included 83 participants in ISH (n = 31) and HAU (n = 52) housing rehabilitation settings with a mean age of 36.2 years. Most participants were male (64%) and had a primary psychotic or schizophrenic (35%) or an affective diagnosis (24%). During the study, ISH participants significantly improved their quality of life (β = 0.54; 95% CI: 0.26 to 0.82), symptoms (β = -0.32; 95% CI: -0.60 to -0.03), and capabilities (β = 4.46; 95% CI: 0.14 to 8.77) and decreased psychiatric hospitalisations (p = 0.04). HAU participants improved their quality of life (β = 0.40; 95% CI: 0.12 to 0.69). Housing and rehabilitation support costs were almost half with ISH than with HAU. Conclusion: ISH has been shown to be much less expensive than HAU and was associated with several improvements like reduced psychiatric hospitalisations and improved quality of life. Therefore, our findings strongly argue for a preference-driven provision of housing rehabilitation services and to end the institutionalisation of persons with SMI. Trial registration: The study was registered on December 04, 2018, at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03815604). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThe Final Report of the Disability Royal Commission (the Commission) takes a largely generic view of disability and does not fully consider the complex experiences and needs of people with intellectual disabilities and the unique ways that families can contribute to the fulfilment of their lives. The aim of this article is to fill this gap by highlighting the importance of the family context, the “informal supports” or “natural safeguards” provided by many families, and the contributions these relationships make to the safety and inclusion of people with intellectual disabilities. Given the significance of family relationships for this group, it is unfortunate that the Commission’s recommendations pay limited attention to the considerable value family relationships add to the lives of people with intellectual disabilities, especially sibling relationships, which can last a lifetime. The Commission’s recommendations provide little that contributes towards strengthening or enabling families to better support their relatives with intellectual disabilities, or that promotes recognition of the complications that can arise in these relationships and how they might be avoided. The Report often fails to recognise the potential for families of people with intellectual disabilities to keep them safe, facilitate social encounters within their local communities, and minimise challenges, such as negative attitudes, to their inclusion. I argue that the “human rights approach” alone cannot fully address the specific challenges that people with intellectual disabilities and their families face. Policies, supports, and services could provide more tailored approaches to ensure stronger relationships, greater social inclusion, and improved safety for people with intellectual disabilities and the families who support them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Local Authorities in England are rarely able to find a school place for newly arrived unaccompanied sanctuary seekers when the young person arrives in their locality aged 15–16. Criticisms regarding this exclusionary practice are plentiful; that said, it has been argued the dominance of debate regarding access to mainstream education for pupils aged 15–16 obfuscates critical analysis of the educational needs of this group. Focussed on a bespoke Local Authority educational offer for fewer than twenty newly arrived unaccompanied sanctuary seekers aged 15–16, this paper analyses the essence of this offer in relation to social inclusion. Analysed in relation to the category, structure and level/function of the young people's social inclusion, this paper draws on interview and focus group data to shine a light on the efficacious elements of the offer which point to ways forward for mainstream schools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore the benefits of a brief autism education intervention on peer engagement and inclusion of autistic children at day camps. A convergent, parallel, two-arm (intervention/no intervention), non-randomized, mixed-methods design was used. The individualized, peer-directed, 5–10 min intervention included four components: (1) diagnostic label, (2) description and purpose of unique behaviors, (3) favorite activities and interests, and (4) strategies to engage. A timed-interval behavior-coding system was used to evaluate engagement between each autistic camper and their peers based on videos taken at camp (days 1, 2, 5). Interviews with campers and camp staff explored why changes in targeted outcomes may have occurred. Percent intervals in which the autistic campers were jointly engaged with peers improved in the intervention group (n = 10) and did not change in the control group (n = 5). A large between group intervention effect occurred by day 5 (Z = − 1.942, η2 = 0.29). Interviews (5 autistic campers, 34 peers, 18 staff) done on the last day of camp in the intervention group garnered three themes: (1) Changed behavioral attribution, (2) Knowledge facilitates understanding and engagement, and (3) (Mis)perceptions of increased inclusion. A brief educational intervention that includes individualized explanatory information and strengths-based strategies might improve peers' understanding of and social engagement with autistic children in community programs such as camps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aims to test a model in which basic psychological needs (BPN) satisfaction in physical‐sport activity contexts is associated with self‐determined motivation, which, in turn, would predict the social inclusion of people with intellectual disabilities. A total of 286 people with intellectual disabilities (53.5% men) who reported engaging in physical‐sport activities responded to a validated questionnaire about the satisfaction of their BPN, motivation (using the Self‐determination index [SDI]), and social inclusion. A Pearson's bivariate correlation and structural equation modeling were conducted. The resulting model was reanalyzed in a multigroup analysis to test its invariance across self and proxy reports. Positive associations were found between the satisfaction of the BPN and the SDI. However, the SDI and social inclusion were positively associated only in proxy reports (βself = 0.07 vs. βproxy = 0.30). The tested model established positive relationships between the BPN and SDI in autonomy (βself = 0.21 vs. βproxy = 0.18), competence (βself = 0.47 vs. βproxy = 0.53), and relatedness (βself = 0.21 vs. βproxy = 0.23). Further research is needed to understand the factors leading to discrepancies between participants and proxies when relating the SDI to social inclusion in the context of physical‐sport activity. However, the results obtained suggest that it would be optimal to develop contexts of practice for people with intellectual disabilities in which the satisfaction of their BPN is favored and that this has a positive impact on their motivation and social inclusion. Highlights: In the context of physical‐sport activity practice, the satisfaction of basic psychological needs in people with intellectual disabilities seems to be associated with developing more self‐determined motivation, with a strong association found between competence satisfaction and self‐determined motivation.Self‐determination index appears to have a positive relationship with the social inclusion of people with intellectual disabilities in physical‐sport activity contexts.Discrepancies have been found between the perceptions of people with intellectual disabilities and proxies regarding the terms of this relationship, necessitating research to understand better the factors that may be generating such discrepancies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In urban planning processes, global policies that are evaluated positively may not achieve favorable performance in specific urban, social, and policy circumstances. The practice of transit-oriented development (TOD) strategy in Johannesburg is a representative example. This report focuses on its role in balancing ecological sustainability, social inclusion, economic development, and impact on citizens. The report finds that while TOD can theoretically help eliminate social inequalities and promote economic and ecological sustainability, its practical effect is limited, manifesting in exacerbated government deficits and a growing gap between the rich and the poor. This report examines the causes and provides recommendations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social Innovation has become a crucial point in discussions about the connection between agriculture and sustainability, and it can result in new actions that significantly contribute to the 2030 Agenda. Through a literature review, this article aims to analyze how SI in agriculture can contribute to achieve the social sustainable development goals. The outcomes indicated that SI can be a powerful tool to connect producers and consumers, avoiding intermediaries. The social inclusion and the notion of justice as fair distribution of gains along food chains are also highlighted as achievements in the introduction of SI organizational arrangement as short food supply chains. The SI initiatives could contribute to achieve the main social SDGs. The paper sheds light on the concept of justice and how SI could promote justice. However, the outcomes indicated a focus more on distributive justice regarding the gains promoted by SI initiatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study has explored the potential role of institutional quality and social inclusion in trust building. By utilizing the panel data spanning over thirty five years and for one hundred and twenty four countries of the world, we have applied Fixed Effects as well as Quintile Regression Models to explore the empirical relationship of our interest. The findings reveal that social inclusion is an important and key factor in trust building. The effects of social inclusion on trust are robust as the coefficient of social inclusion is positive and significant across all of our estimated models. Institutional quality also has positive and significant effects on trust building except at medial level of distribution of trust where it has positive but insignificant effect on trust. Income inequality has negative and significant effects whereas the effects of ethnolinguistic diversity on trust are contextual specific as these effects vary across different quintiles of trust distribution. Diversity has negative and significant effects on trust at 10th percentile and positive and significant effects at 90th percentile of trust distribution. Our findings are important for policymakers who can formulate strategies to foster inclusive environment which can be conducive to enhance trust in the society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Career guidance and counselling (CGC) plays an important role in the 'egalitarian tradition' of the Nordic countries' perspective of education, since it aims to support all students in developing skills and knowledge to access further education and the labour market. Inspired by the critical institutionalism approach and focusing on education aimed at migrant students, this article explores the strategies that school actors implement to cope with the discrepancies between CGC policy and practice by analysing two cases: one in adult vocational education and training in Finland and the other in the Language Introduction Programme in Sweden. The ecological framework facilitates an understanding of the complex policy – practice dynamics within the local learning ecologies while also opening up a discussion on their implications for migrant students' opportunities for social inclusion. The findings show how the shortcomings of the policy – practice relationship affect teachers' and counsellors' work, and how students consequently may end up relying on self and peer support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractAimMethodsResultsConclusions\nIMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONAdapted paddleboard provides an outdoor leisure-time physical activities (LTPA) opportunity with many health benefits (e.g., physical activity, reduced stress, social engagement). However, nearly 50% of individuals with disabilities do not participate in any LTPA. Quality of LTPA participation influences sustainable adherence, while optimizing participant experiences. An adapted paddleboard program is offered in Quebec City, for adults with physical disabilities, but little is known about how participants perceive their quality of participation. This study aimed to describe individuals with disabilities’ perceived quality of participation in the adapted paddleboard program, and to explore their suggestions of strategies to support meaningful engagement in the program.An ethnographic mixed-methods design was conducted, consisting of participant observations during the 13-week program and semi-structured interviews based on the Quality Parasport Participation Framework (QPPF). Measure of Experiential Aspects of Participation (MeEAP) questionnaire were collected. A mixed approach of data analysis was used for qualitative data and descriptive statistics were conducted for quantitative data.Nine participants (8F) with various disabilities (42±15 years old) participated in the study. Emergent dimensions of quality of participation included belongingness and autonomy. Facilitators to participation were identified, such as autonomy support through volunteers and provision of adaptive equipment. Barriers to participation included water access and level of individual challenge. Suggested strategies to improve engagement included water access closer to parking and multiple groups for variable skill levels.Participants expressed high-quality of participation in adapted paddleboarding. The study allows the development of knowledge about conditions that enhance the experience of participating in outdoor LTPA. Adapted paddleboard is an increasingly popular activity that can be adapted with material and environmental accommodations for people with disabilities to enable and enhance participation in outdoor leisure-time physical activities (LTPA).Several facilitators, such as the safety of the site or the social support created by the group, enhance quality of experience in leisure-time physical activities (LTPA) including adapted paddleboard; therefore, support sustainable adherence in the practice of physical activities, well-being and social participation.Further opportunities to practice LTPA such as adapted paddleboard in a public space to promote social inclusion are necessary.Adapted paddleboard is an increasingly popular activity that can be adapted with material and environmental accommodations for people with disabilities to enable and enhance participation in outdoor leisure-time physical activities (LTPA).Several facilitators, such as the safety of the site or the social support created by the group, enhance quality of experience in leisure-time physical activities (LTPA) including adapted paddleboard; therefore, support sustainable adherence in the practice of physical activities, well-being and social participation.Further opportunities to practice LTPA such as adapted paddleboard in a public space to promote social inclusion are necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The inclusion of students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex issue for schools. This study investigates the impact of the inclusivity of Slovenian primary schools on the inclusion of their students with ASD. We postulated that each pedagogical dimension of inclusion (i.e., academic, social, and emotional inclusion) of students with ASD would demonstrate a positive correlation with each dimension of inclusiveness of primary schools (i.e., inclusive culture, policy, and practice). Forty regular Slovenian elementary schools participated in the research. The Perceptions of Inclusion Questionnaire was completed by 200 respondents (40 students with ASD, 40 parents, 120 teachers), and the Index for inclusion by 240 respondents (40 parents, 200 school professionals). The analysis revealed one significant correlation, a weak positive correlation between inclusive practice and academic inclusion. Multiple regression analyses also identified one conditionally substantial pair. When we excluded the inclusive culture and policy and only considered the control of demographic variables, the results showed that the increase in inclusive practices corresponds to the increase in academic inclusion. The absence of correlations between the dimensions of school inclusivity and the pedagogical dimensions of including students with ASD can be attributed to the lack of systemic solutions for accommodating a diverse student population and the failure to conduct a thorough analysis of the inclusion and implementation of whole-school approaches. However, the Slovenian adaptation of the Index for Inclusion, a promising tool, offers hope in addressing these challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible housing is a fundamental human right and yet many children and youth with disabilities live in inaccessible, insecure, unaffordable and poor quality housing. The aim of our study was to understand the barriers and facilitators to obtaining accessible housing among children, youth and young adults with disabilities and their families. We conducted a scoping review involving seven international literature databases from 2000 to 2022 that identified 38 studies meeting our inclusion criteria. The reviewed studies involved 10 countries over a 22-year period. Our review emphasized the following key trends: (1) barriers to obtaining accessible homes (i.e. common types of accessibility barriers, rates of inaccessible housing, factors affecting home accessibility), and negative impacts of inaccessible housing; and (2) rates and facilitators to obtaining accessible housing (i.e., common types of home modifications, enablers of home modifications) and positive impacts of accessible housing. Our findings highlight the barriers and enablers of obtaining accessible housing among children, youth and young adults with disabilities and their families and the critical need to support them in securing appropriate housing. Evidence suggests that clinicians and community service providers should support youth with disabilities and their parents to make home modifications and secure accessible housing. Clinicians should consider advocating for accessible housing and help to remove barriers for children with disabilities and their families with particular attention to marginalized and equity-deserving groups. Clinicians and service providers should involve families in the process of making accessible home modifications and help them to connect with relevant housing stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Cultivated meat has received growing attention since claims were made that cultivated meat can be produced more ethically and sustainably than the current meat production. However, there are still major challenges in the development of cell lines, scaffolding, growth media, and bioprocess, which need to be overcome to reach industrial production levels. Numerous technological innovations have been proposed to overcome these challenges but they have rarely been evaluated with regard to their social sustainability. Consequently, it remains unclear if and how cultivated meat would contribute towards creating inclusive food systems. Methods: To bring more clarity, the study identifies different technological solutions that are used or developed for production of cultivated meat and identifies the positive and negative claims about the expected contributions of these technological solutions to social inclusion in food systems, using evidence from the literature review and 11 expert interviews. An innovation radar for cultivated meat is proposed to visualise the variety of technological innovations and the claims about their expected contributions to social sustainability. Results: The technologies in the areas cell line development, scaffolding, growth media, and bioprocess are expected to have an impact on inclusion in consumption of cultivated meat. Some cell innovations are expected to raise cognitive barriers due to complex technologies that might be difficult for the consumer to understand. Cultural barriers are expected to be raised by cell innovation entailing genetic engineering and medium innovation using FBS or animal components, which is considered to harm animals. Further, regulatory barriers are expected in the EU if genetic modification is used in the production process, which concerns the areas cells, media, and scaffolding. The innovations for scaffolds are expected to mainly lower cost and cultural barriers since most technologies are already used in the food industry. Bioprocess innovations promise to lower cost barriers, however it must be considered, that most of the collected data for innovations in the bioprocess domain are based on assumptions. Discussion: The study concludes that at this point in time, the most socially sustainable approach to cultivated meat production is not obvious. Under the current technological state of the art, it is not thinkable that production and consumption of cultivated meat could be socially inclusive. As it remains poorly understood if technologies for cultivated meat production could raise or lower barriers to inclusive consumption and production, further research is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This empirical study explores migrant inclusion in the linguistically diverse city of Glasgow. The particular focus is on the minoritisation of emergent speakers of English, who can find it especially difficult to access support. The research involved in-depth interviews with professionals at third-sector organisations supporting people with a refugee or migrant background. Interviewees gave examples of flexible communicative practices that support migrant inclusion. Such communicative practices can be understood in terms of translanguaging: the way that speakers fluidly draw on their full linguistic repertoires to make meaning. The analysis indicates that language minoritisation can be reduced when services better reflect the linguistic diversity of community members who access them. The examples given show how organisations can embrace linguistic diversity in ways that appear to enable inclusion, valuing the linguistic and cultural resources of recently arrived and settled community members. The article concludes that organisations which are more community led and linguistically diverse can better support the inclusion of language-minoritised migrants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Assessment drives learning and determines success in higher education. In a robust and defensible system, assessment should not exclude based on extraneous student characteristics, particularly as the student body becomes more diverse. This research sought to examine classroom assessment designs that might make assessment inclusive. A critical literature review was conducted identifying 13 research papers where outcomes of inclusive assessment were reported. Included studies focussed on students with disabilities, international and linguistically diverse students. Only one study examined the effects of inclusive assessment design on student learning. Efforts to make assessment more inclusive were as follows: offering students choice, programmatic approaches to assessment and co-design of assessment and policies that promote inclusion. Universal design for assessment has not been widely implemented within the sector. This is likely due to limited theorisation and operationalisation of inclusive assessment and assessment design processes that favour tradition and taken-for-granted assumptions about how assessment should be. Assessment designers should consider the ways in which assessment might exclude and to foster wider scholarship towards assessment for inclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Achieving best practices in land administration and management systems supporting land rights for all requires sustainable land administration and management, contributing to successful and significant land administration and management systems. There is an increasing need for legal framework reforms to support land administration and management systems. These reforms may enable rural transformation and social inclusion. Central to reform strategies may be decentralisation to improve inclusivity and collaboration between the customary and statutory institutions. Using Soft Systems Methodology to analyse the current land administration and management systems in Ekiti State, Nigeria, will be helpful for policymakers, professionals and academics reforming land administration and management systems. The study findings reveal the need for improvement in land administration and management systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social participation in school, including schoolyard interactions, is considered important for all aspects of child development. Students with disabilities, such as those who are deaf and hard‐of‐hearing, are at risk of experiencing inaccessibility and social exclusion in mainstream classes, yet this has been hard researched in the schoolyard context. We exploratively compared preadolescents (M = 10.48, SD = .93) with (N = 8) and without (N = 207) hearing loss in their continuous schoolyard interactions during 21 recess assessments, using proximity sensors and field observations, alongside measurements of peer acceptance, friendships and sense of connectedness, based on peer nominations and self‐reports. Deaf and hard‐of‐hearing preadolescents spent less time interacting in the schoolyard, a trend which was stable throughout recess. Deaf and hard‐of‐hearing students interacted with the same number of partners as their classmates, but posthoc analyses suggest that towards the end of long recess periods they had a sharper drop in the number of their interaction partners. Field observations suggest that deaf and hard‐of‐hearing preadolescents who were socially active became more isolated the longer the break lasted, and that physical proximity did not necessarily indicate positive interactions. Findings underscore the importance of using multimethod designs that assess various dimensions of social participation and account for the temporal dynamics of recess interactions. Proximity sensors, combined with qualitative observations, enabled to detect social difficulties not detected by more traditional measures, hence valuable for social inclusion research and interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the start of the war in Ukraine, Lithuania, a country of barely 3 million inhabitants, has welcomed more than 85,000 refugees, mainly minors and young people. This research focuses on the youth segment, members of Gen Z, which exhibits a marked gender bias, as the majority are women. The purpose of this study is to determine the role played by online social networks in the process of social inclusion in the host community. Methodologically, this research conducts a qualitative approach through in-depth interviews with open code content analysis. The results point to changes in their behavior as social media users, such as using new online social networks, and greater attention to practical topics such as knowing necessary services and leisure opportunities in their new environment. Among the conclusions, the positive effect of online social networks in the social inclusion process of these young refugees stands out: being members of the local virtual community facilitates new social interactions in the physical world of the host country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main goal of this paper is to explore the difficulties the refugee minors face in the process of seeking inclusion in Portugal. The project conducting this research takes place in a shelter for refugee minors in Portugal, and its inhabitants are the main focus of the analysis. The research is guided by Applied Anthropology which means that, in methodological terms, we use active listening, participant observation, and artistic workshops in drawing and photography in order to get to know them better and establish a closer relationship with the minors. Our interlocutors are refugee minors, boys and girls, aged between 15 and 18, who have been institutionalized by an NGOD responsible for hosting them in Portugal while they await their residence permit. These minors are characterized by a diversity of nationalities, socio-cultural and ethnolinguistic references and different life projects. The artistic focus (drawing and photography) is explored as a non-invasive methodology, a tool that best helps to express emotions, perceptions and desires in a creative and uncompromising way. We chose to focus our analysis not on the traumatic past, as is usually the case when it comes to refugees, but on the future. In other words: we invite these minors to think about their future, what they want for themselves in Portugal and the European Union. As we discuss our difficulties of conducting fieldwork in the institutionalized context, we conclude the article with the idea that working with refugee minors in that environment should not be an end in and of itself, but rather an opportunity to do more profound research. This investigation should continue, preferably outside the institutional gates, on a more personalized basis. As a practical goal, we also propose the idea of organizing an exhibition with the results of the workshops to facilitate the two-way process of inclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: It is widely recognised that young people in out-of-home care are often involved in a complex process of culminating disadvantage and exclusion. Investing in the core ingredients of social inclusion (participation and interpersonal relationships) while still in care can counterbalance ongoing exclusion processes. In this article, we explore how early work experiences (before the age of 18) can play a role in this. Findings: A thematic analysis was performed on interview data from 74 young adults in six countries. Several elements promote community participation (gaining financial autonomy, gaining a feeling of independence, and being able to contribute as a worker) and help to develop a sense of belonging (striving for normality and building long-lasting social connections). Early work experiences also contribute to personal growth (building capabilities and shaping the future). Applications: This article highlights how early work experiences have the potential to promote social inclusion for out-of-home care-experienced young people and serve as gateway experiences for both educational and work trajectories. Entry into the world of work should not be postponed until the age of 18. Caregivers can play a role in motivating young people to work while still being in care and helping them to find a job. The experiences gained during these early work experiences can also have a place in the care process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Insurance services is reading available and accessible to everyone in present scenario. One who understands its principles and nature of providing financial, socioeconomic security, would happily subscribe for this and harness benefits. This paper provides an insight into how crop insurance as a tool has uplifted the financial and social status of farmers in rural India backed by Theory of Change. Data and charts are presented, vividly demonstrates the consistent improvement in various parameters depicting farmers uptake of insurance, enabling their inclusion in financial and socio-economic fabric of society. A picture of how insurance services has bestowed opportunity, not only to insureds, but to lesser explored territory of inclusion for channel partners like Common Service Centres (CSC), Point of Sale Person (PoSP). Ultimately, it cannot be denied that vast potential of insurance still remains dormant, which can be harnesses by widespread publicity and awareness activities by stakeholders at all levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Insurance has proven to be a key driver of economic and social inclusion in India, with activities ranging from disaster management to empowering marginalized communities. This article examines the impact of insurance in several dimensions on financial empowerment and societal welfare. Discussing the case studies of various global programs, it highlights the transformative potential of insurance in this regard. In India's economic environment where a large portion of the population lacks adequate access to financial services, insurance is a powerful tool for promoting financial inclusion and addressing social disparities. The article discusses how insurance enhances financial resilience, promotes social welfare, and promotes inclusive growth. Furthermore, the article explores policy initiatives and industry innovations that have facilitated India's inclusive insurance journey. This article sincerely tries to establish the effectiveness of "the insurance pill" in managing risks and promoting economic and social inclusion in the Indian context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ayushman Bharat (PMJAY), a flagship initiative of the Government of India and the world's largest government health insurance program, aims to transform India's healthcare landscape by providing comprehensive medical cover to a significant portion of the population. This article explores the potential of PMJAY in not only bridging the financial gap for accessing healthcare but also in fostering social inclusion within the healthcare system. The article examines how PMJAY's focus on primary care and preventive healthcare can contribute to overall wellness and empower individuals to take charge of their health. It further discusses the challenges associated with implementing such a large-scale program and suggests potential solutions to ensure its long-term success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines into the profound effects of financial inclusion on India's insurance sector, which is a vital component of societal financial services access. It emphasizes the catalytic role of financial inclusion in expanding the industry's reach and creativity, which has a substantial impact on insurance penetration rates, product development, and technology integration. Thus, policymakers believe that financial inclusion will remain incomplete unless insurance inclusion programs are also pushed to increase penetration. The synthesis offered seeks to provide a thorough understanding of financial inclusion's role in transforming the Indian insurance business. By combining findings gathered from various research and papers, the study provides a comprehensive picture of the links between financial inclusion policies and insurance sector achievements in India. The current study covers the importance of microinsurance in promoting financial inclusion in India's rural and urban populations as well as the transformative impact of digital solutions, and the results of government and corporate attempts to integrate marginalized communities into the insurance environment The study is based on secondary data, and this paper examines insurance inclusion as a tool for financial inclusion in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Participation in group activities such as choirs has been shown to have positive effects on emotional health and overall well-being. Inclusive choirs, which integrate individuals of various abilities and diverse backgrounds, provide a unique space for social interaction, emotional expression, and inclusion. This study aims to explore the impact of participation in an inclusive choir on the emotional health of its members, identifying both positive and negative emotional impacts as well as personal experiences derived from their participation. This longitudinal exploratory study combines participant observation, field notes, focus groups, and questionnaires to gain a deep understanding of the participant's emotional experiences through their narratives. The study was conducted in an inclusive choir located in a medium-sized city in Spain, which brings together people of various ages, genders, abilities, and cultural backgrounds. The results indicated that most participants experienced significant improvements in their emotional well-being, including increased self-esteem, a greater sense of belonging, and reduced symptoms of anxiety and depression. Participants also reported that the choir provided a safe space for emotional expression and the building of meaningful relationships. Participation in an inclusive choir can have a considerable positive impact on the emotional health of its members. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]