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Like other animals, man expresses his simple and acute states by sonorous and imagistic manners that are more expressive than words, but these acts have too little to do with superior mental faculties. Many animals possess vocal organs with the same general structure, which they use to communicate, so it is possible they should develop in the same direction. Several other animals have vocal organs, but they do not use them too well to communicate, which is related to the level of development of their brain and intelligence. But what differentiates man from the other superior animals is not the mere articulation, the understanding of uttered sounds or even the simple ability to assign certain sounds to certain ideas. It is man’s infinite ability to associate the most various sounds to various ideas, which comes from the great development of the human mental ability

Like other animals, man expresses his simple and acute states by sonorous and imagistic manners that are more expressive than words, but these acts have too little to do with superior mental faculties. Many animals possess vocal organs with the same general structure, which they use to communicate, so it is possible they should develop in the same direction. Several other animals have vocal organs, but they do not use them too well to communicate, which is related to the level of development of their brain and intelligence. But what differentiates man from the other superior animals is not the mere articulation, the understanding of uttered sounds or even the simple ability to assign certain sounds to certain ideas. It is man's infinite ability to associate the most various sounds to various ideas, which comes from the great development of the human mental ability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article theorizes the strategies used by parties to expand their support base, with a particular focus on the allocation of party goods. Here, we theorize that nascent parties with goods to hand out will favour a particular type of societal group, which we name private-gain-seeking groups. We utilize Peru’s party system collapse following Fujimori’s rule as an opportunity to test our hypotheses, which state that political parties will favour electorally volatile groups with restricted access to information or compromised opportunities to process it. Evidence for the hypotheses is found using data on the FONCODES allocation patterns of approximately 750 mayoral districts in Peru. The data suggest that groups expected to be favoured could end up receiving shares 34 percent greater than the least attractive groups. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Abstract: We measured timber harvesting attitudes (THA) of the American public and explored the social bases of these THA by conducting a national random digit dial telephone survey over 2 years (2003 and 2004). We developed three reliable subscales to measure timber harvesting attitudes. Results of this study indicate that, in general, the public is not opposed to timber harvesting, particularly for economic and utilitarian reasons and as a management tool. Analyses of the social bases of THA revealed that the effects of individual demographic characteristics on timber harvesting attitudes varied with motivations for the harvest. While support for harvesting for present benefits differed across categories of income, education, and between republicans and democrats, support for timber harvesting for economic reasons differed across income classes. Support for harvesting as a management tool differed between those who are religious and those who are not. Congruent with previous research, attitudes of the general public do not differ from those of forestland owners. This research provides key findings regarding the public''s THA and offers a novel framework through which public attitudes toward timber harvesting may be assessed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]