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The catastrophic impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) is well-presented across countries featured on a helicopter view. However, studies on business activities as proxies to business functions that are exclusively affected by the pandemic are scarcely found, which in turn might cause ineffective recovery policy. Using Indonesia as a case in point, this study aims at codifying the particular business activities to proxy the functions that have been impacted across the sectors and business owners’ perception on the government’s policy. The study uses indicators for three business functions that are qualitatively constructed from previous studies to ensure their robustness. Data from the 220 respondents across Indonesia are collected using a non-probability sampling technique and the questionnaire is distributed online. The results are presented in descriptive statistics along with Kruskal-Wallist test to detect any difference across industries and duration of business. The study finds that production is the most severely impacted on creative sectors, whilst human resources issues are rampant for manufacturing and financial issues remain the center of the conundrum for all sectors. Notwithstanding the fatalistic result of downfall in demand of goods and services, the second most impacted business activity is productivity due to the reduced working hour of employees. In terms of COVID-19 Pandemic policy, financing facilities and health protocol are equally impactful for small businesses. These findings provide unambiguous evidence on specific business activities that are impacted, that is beneficial for evidence-based policy making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After a brief introduction to Deep Inelastic Scattering in the Bjorken limit and in the Regge Limit we discuss the operator product expansion in terms of non local string operator and in terms of Wilson lines. We will show how the high-energy behavior of amplitudes in gauge theories can be reformulated in terms of the evolution of Wilson-line operators. In the leading order this evolution is governed by the non-linear Balitsky-Kovchegov (BK) equation. In order to see if this equation is relevant for existing or future deep inelastic scattering (DIS) accelerators (like Electron Ion Collider (EIC) or Large Hadron electron Collider (LHeC)) one needs to know the next-to-leading order (NLO) corrections. In addition, the NLO corrections define the scale of the running-coupling constant in the BK equation and therefore determine the magnitude of the leading-order cross sections. In Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), the next-to-leading order BK equation has both conformal and non-conformal parts. The NLO kernel for the composite operators resolves in a sum of the conformal part and the running-coupling part. The QCD and ${\cal N}\, = \,4\,{\rm{SYM}}$ kernel of the BK equation is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]