Search

The Tandem t:slim X2 insulin pump is a second-generation automated insulin delivery system with Control-IQ technology. It consists of an X2 insulin pump, an integrated Dexcom sensor, and an embedded 'Control-IQ' algorithm, which predicts glucose levels 30 min in the future, adapting the programmed basal insulin rates to get glucose levels between 112.5 and 160 mg/dl (8.9 mmol/l). The system delivers automatic correction boluses of insulin when glucose levels are predicted to rise > 180 mg/dl (10 mmol/l). It has been commercially available since 2016. We reviewed the current evidence about the psychological, safety, and exercise-related outcomes of this device in children, adolescents, and young adults living with type 1 diabetes. We screened 552 papers, but only 21 manuscripts were included in this review. Fear of hypoglycemia is significantly reduced in young people with diabetes and their parents. Interestingly, diabetes-related distress is decreased; thus, the system is well accepted by the users. The sleeping quality of subjects living with diabetes and their caregivers is improved to a lesser extent as well. Despite the small number of data, this system is associated with a low rate of exercise-related hypoglycemia. Finally, evidence from the literature shows that this system is safe and effective in improving psychological personal outcomes. Even if further steps toward the fully closed loop are still mandatory, this second-generation automated insulin delivery system reduces the burden of diabetes. It properly addresses most psychological issues in children, adolescents, and young adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus; thus, it appears to be well accepted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to explore the potential contributions of the siesta on nocturnal sleeping quality and respiratory immunity under thermoneutral environments, an experimental study was conducted under the thermoneutral environment. In this experiment, 20 subjects were recruited and divided into two groups, one of which had siesta while the other did not but acted as a control group. During the experiment at 25°C, the sleeping patterns, including the slow wave sleeping (SWS) duration, light sleeping (N1, N2 periods) duration, as well as the rapid eye movement (REM) duration, were recorded continuously. Meanwhile, the concentration of the salivary secretory immunoglobulin E (S-IgE), which acted as a biomarker of respiratory immunity, was also measured. Results showed that the mean skin temperature (MST) of the siesta group was 0.37°C lower than that of the control group. In addition, a slight increase (0.1°C) in core temperature was detected in the siesta group. Furthermore, results indicated that both the SWS and REM sleeping durations of the siesta group were reduced, while elevations were observed during the light sleeping duration. However, the subjective evaluation of the nocturnal sleeping quality of the siesta group was improved by 2.9 points. Finally, a higher S-IgE concentration was detected in the siesta group. This study revealed that the siesta might affect the nocturnal sleeping patterns; meanwhile, the changes in S-IgE might correspond to an improvement in respiratory immunity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Junxian Xu,1 Suhong Xiao,2 Xiaoyun Xie,1 Yunqin Kang,2 Donghong Peng,2 Yanhong Lu2 1College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 2Zhejiang Veteran Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Junxian Xu, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314000, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13511357431, Email xujunxian_2022@163.comIntroduction: Hypoglycemia is an acute complication that can appear in people with type 2 diabetes treated with drugs which are associated with a risk of hypoglycemia, and it may lead to individual’s fear of hypoglycemia (FoH). FoH adversely affects diabetic self-management, psychological well-being, and quality of life, and it is associated with sleep quality. Nevertheless, this problem is often underestimated. The purpose of this study was to explore the heterogeneous characteristics of FoH in middle-aged and elderly hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes and assess its relationship with the sleeping quality.Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 263 middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes hospitalized at the Zhejiang Veteran Hospital in Jiaxing, China, from May to August 2022, selected by a convenient sampling method. A questionnaire containing general information, fear of hypoglycemia scale-15 (FH-15) and the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) was provided to the participants. Latent profile analysis was performed to examine the potential latent groups in the distribution of answers on the individual FoH items.Results: The results identified three latent classes: Class 1 – Low FoH group (33%); Class 2 – No FoH group (61%); Class 3 – High FoH group (6%). The latent FoH class was the influencing factor of sleep quality, which was better in the No FoH group than in the Low FoH group, while the sleep quality of the Low FoH group was better than that in the High FoH group.Conclusion: A heterogeneity was found in the FoH of middle-aged and elderly hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes. Health-care providers should pay more attention to these patients with high FoH and develop intervention strategies to mitigate it and improve their sleep quality.Keywords: fear of hypoglycemia, sleeping quality, middle-aged and older adults, type 2 diabetes, latent profile analysis

The quality of sleep plays a crucial role in physical well-being, and individuals are becoming increasingly concerned about sleep quality and its associated health issues. Although various sleep monitoring devices exist, there remains a need for a highly accurate sleep state identification algorithm. To address this, we present a paper that utilizes machine learning techniques to identify human sleep states based on electroencephalogram (EEG) signals collected by an EEG instrument. We propose a model that incorporates two nonlinear characteristic parameters, MSE and PSE, extracted from artificially designed EEG signals as input. Additionally, we employ a Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier algorithm to accurately identify sleep states, eliminating uncertainties associated with manually designed feature parameters. Experimental results demonstrate the superior accuracy of our proposed model for sleep state analysis, offering valuable insights for improving sleep quality and addressing related health concerns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Nurses are one of the main professions in the hospital to recover patients from their abnormal health conditions. The activity of nurses is intimately connected to shift work. Daily shift work results in increased workload and mental stress, which leads to sleep disorder and delayed adaptation for young nurses to shift work, this may cause the nurse's difficulty falling asleep or insomnia. There is compelling evidence that shift work has a negative impact on sleep, alertness, and exhaustion, which may contribute to mental health issues and sleep issues. Aim: This study aims to find the effectiveness of Jacobson's relaxation technique and yoga in insomnia among shift nurses. Methodology: In phase 1: The survey was conducted among 100 nurses through Google forms using ISI questionnaires. They were chosen with the help of the convenience sampling technique. Among 100 responded participants, 54% were diagnosed to have insomnia based on the total score range. 20% of selected nurses disagreed to participate in the experimental study (phase 2). Ultimately, 30 nurses were chosen to take part in the experimental trial based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria of phase 2. The participants in the study who had sleeplessness received two therapies. 30 selected nurses were randomly allocated into two groups, 15 in each group. One group was given yoga (Group Y) and another group was given Jacobson's relaxation technique (Group J). It was given for a time period of 4 days per week for a duration of one month. Results: A statistically significant difference between Group Y (Yoga) and Group J (Jacobson's relaxation technique) was found by statistical analysis of the statistical data. In comparison to Group J, Group Y had lower PSQI values. As a result, group Y and group J differ statistically significantly from one another. Conclusion: It has been concluded that both yoga and Jacobson's relaxation technique were more effective in improving sleep in nurses with insomnia, among them yoga is more effective than Jacobson's relaxation technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: A successful learning process can be influenced by an individual’s attention level that can affect his/her concentration level and memory capacity. Some psychological and neurological aspects contribute to the attention level. If an individual experiences attention disorder, he/she can be difficult to learn and work efficiently. One of factors that may affect the individual’s attention is sleeping quality. A sufficient sleeping quality plays an important role in an individual’s development and daily activities. Objective: This study aims to analyse relationships between the sleeping quality and the attention of students to improve their learning performances. Methods: This study was an observational analysis study with a cross-sectional design that involved 87 senior high school students. The inclusion criteria of this study were male/female students between 14 to 19 years old who were willing to be respondents by signing informed consent form. Its exclusion criteria were male/female students who were experiencing brain-related injuries and who were on medical treatment causing drowsiness such as influenza drugs, cough syrups and sleeping pills. This study was conducted for four months. The data were collected by interviews and questionnaires including identity data, educational level, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index valuation and digit span tests. The samples were collected with a consecutive non-random sampling method. Its data analysis was conducted by applying SPSS V.21 through Chi-Square statistical test with a significance level of 0.05. Results: Of the 87 respondents, 50.6% were females and 35.6% were 15 years old. The majority of them were at class X (10th grade). Also, 52.9% of them had low sleeping quality and 74% of them suffered bad attention. Based on the Chi-Square test, the relationship between the sleeping quality and the attention level was not significant with p value of 0.938. Conclusion: There was no a significant relationship between the sleeping quality and the attention levels on the senior high school students.

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between sleeping quality and behavioural outcomes of UiTM Seremban 3 students. A quantitative approach using a modified questionnaire of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Score was employed to examine the sleeping quality and modified version of the Adolescent Behavioral Checklist was used to obtain the response on the behavioural of UiTM Seremban 3, students. 428 respondents from three (3) faculties in the Seremban campus participated in this study. The result shows that there is a significant relationship between sleeping quality and behavioural outcomes of the students (r=.118, p

The prospective Ulm-SPATZ study was investigated to assess the role of child sleeping quality between 4 to 6 years of age in affecting a partner’s sleeping and relationship satisfaction within a couple. The study was conducted using a triadic approach in which the child was included in the Actor-Partner-Interdependence Model (APIM). Sleeping quality of the child was determined by using the German version of the children’s sleep habits questionnaire, sleeping features of the parents were assessed by using the Munich chronotype questionnaire, and the partner relationship assessment was performed by employing the German version of the parenting stress index questionnaire. In 211 German triads, we observed that sleeping characteristics and partner relationship scores at different child ages are consistent for both men and women. Higher and statistically significant sleep duration, time spent in bed, the midpoint of sleep, time getting out of bed, and sleep onset in women compared to men during the working days were observed. The APIM analyses showed a significant direct effect of child sleep quality on the partner relationship satisfaction. In women, a mediated effect of child sleep quality acted through sleep duration and time spent in bed on the partner relationship satisfaction score during both free and working days. In men, low child sleep quality was found to be associated with increased sleep onset during both free and working days. Child sleep quality influences relationship satisfaction mostly in mothers, likely because of their higher involvement in childcare during working days. Distress in the couple could be counteracted by a major involvement of the fathers in child management.

Objective: This is the quasi-experimental research proposed to study the efficiency of chamomile essential oils on sleeping quality of the first-year university student. Methods: The sample was selected on 20 students with poor sleeping quality. The study was done weekly in 2 weeks, intervened with chamomile essential oil. Research tools were the 3-parts questionnaires including personal information, quality of sleep and environmentally influencing sleep. Data were analyzed in statistically parameters. Results: The sleeping quality of the 1st year university students in chamomile group, compare mean and standard deviation of experimental group found that the mean pre-test sleep quality was M = 80.20, SD = 6.65, with poor sleep quality overall and after 2 weeks of trial participation M = 55.65, SD = 10.32, which had moderate sleep quality. In experiment with the experimental group, it was found that after 2 weeks of using chamomile essential oil, the sleep quality of the experimental group improved. According to statistical comparison, t = 2.494, p-value = .022. Conclusion: This study uses of chamomile essential oil showed an improvement in the sleep effect of the experimental group. To be concluded that chamomile essential oils improved the sleeping quality significantly as the well-known lavender essential oils. However further study in larger group is recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Chronic physiological diseases can cause psychological damage to people with the disease. according to this the present study was conducted aiming to investigate the effectiveness of Mindfulness Therapy on sleeping quality and pain catastrophizing in the women suffering from osteoporosis in the city of Isfahan. Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest, control group and a 45-day follow-up stage. The statistical population of the study included all female patients with osteoporosis in the city of Isfahan in a period of four months beginning from the third quarter of the year in 2018-19 who referred to private orthopedic clinics. The sample size in the study was 26 patients with osteoporosis who were selected through convenient sampling method and they were randomly replaced into experimental and control groups (13 patients in the experimental and 13 in the control groups). The experimental group received ninety-minute therapeutic interventions related to mindfulness during two months once a week while the control group didn’t receive any psychological intervention during the study. Then the people in both groups took the posttest. The follow-up stage was administered after 45 days. The applied instruments included, pain catastrophizing scale (Solivan, et.al, 1995) and Petersbourg sleeping quality questionnaire (Boys, Reynolds, Bermen and Kopfer, 1989). After collecting questionnaires and extracting raw data, data analysis of this study was done via SPSS23 by descriptive statistics and repeated measurements ANOVA. Results: The results of the study showed that Mindfulness Therapy has significant effect on sleeping quality (0.77) and pain catastrophizing (0.83) in the women with osteoporosis (p<0.001). Conclusion: Based on this, we can use mindfulness therapy to improve the sleeping quality and pain catastrophizing in patients with osteoporosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To investigate the association of sedentary behavior with anxiety, depression, and suicide ideation in multi-centered college students in China.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of the first-year college student population. The students underwent a questionnaire survey inquiring about sedentary behavior (hours per day) and physical activity (minutes per week) during the past year. Anxiety, depression, and sleep quality were measured by the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-2), the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), respectively. Mixed models were used to estimate the associations, and adjusted odds ratios (AORs) were presented as the effect size. Mediation effect analysis was conducted to test the mediation effect of PSQI.Results: A total of 28,298 participants (response rate: 82%) completed the survey and were included in the final analyses. Crude and adjusted estimates consistently showed that both sedentary behavior and physical activity were significantly associated with mental illnesses. Sedentary behavior was positively associated with anxiety, depression, and suicidal behavior in a dose-response manner (AOR: 0.54–0.24; ≥7 h/day as reference), independent from the effect of physical activity (AOR: 0.78–0.41; no physical activity as reference). The association of sedentary behavior with mental health was partly mediated by sleep quality (25–71%).Conclusions: There is an independent dose-response association of sedentary behavior with mental well-being among college students in China, and this association may be partially attributable to impaired sleep quality. Attention should be drawn and actions should be taken by college educators and mental health providers.

Objectives: To investigate the association of sedentary behavior with anxiety, depression, and suicide ideation in multi-centered college students in China. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of the first-year college student population. The students underwent a questionnaire survey inquiring about sedentary behavior (hours per day) and physical activity (minutes per week) during the past year. Anxiety, depression, and sleep quality were measured by the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-2), the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), respectively. Mixed models were used to estimate the associations, and adjusted odds ratios (AORs) were presented as the effect size. Mediation effect analysis was conducted to test the mediation effect of PSQI. Results: A total of 28,298 participants (response rate: 82%) completed the survey and were included in the final analyses. Crude and adjusted estimates consistently showed that both sedentary behavior and physical activity were significantly associated with mental illnesses. Sedentary behavior was positively associated with anxiety, depression, and suicidal behavior in a dose-response manner (AOR: 0.54–0.24; ≥7 h/day as reference), independent from the effect of physical activity (AOR: 0.78–0.41; no physical activity as reference). The association of sedentary behavior with mental health was partly mediated by sleep quality (25–71%). Conclusions: There is an independent dose-response association of sedentary behavior with mental well-being among college students in China, and this association may be partially attributable to impaired sleep quality. Attention should be drawn and actions should be taken by college educators and mental health providers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study tests the impact of COVID-19 on sleep of Algerian population before and during the COVID-19 quarantine by an estimated online survey, adapted from the PSQI Italian version. Including 1210 participants (age between 18-60 years old). The statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS version 22.0 software. Our results showed a significant change in sleeping quality during quarantine, the sleep timing markedly changed, we also noticed additional use of sleeping medications. Algerian scientists recommend to build public awareness and to provide necessary information regarding Algerian sleep quality, especially for Algerian adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The prospective Ulm-SPATZ study was investigated to assess the role of child sleeping quality between 4 to 6 years of age in affecting a partner's sleeping and relationship satisfaction within a couple. The study was conducted using a triadic approach in which the child was included in the Actor-Partner-Interdependence Model (APIM). Sleeping quality of the child was determined by using the German version of the children's sleep habits questionnaire, sleeping features of the parents were assessed by using the Munich chronotype questionnaire, and the partner relationship assessment was performed by employing the German version of the parenting stress index questionnaire. In 211 German triads, we observed that sleeping characteristics and partner relationship scores at different child ages are consistent for both men and women. Higher and statistically significant sleep duration, time spent in bed, the midpoint of sleep, time getting out of bed, and sleep onset in women compared to men during the working days were observed. The APIM analyses showed a significant direct effect of child sleep quality on the partner relationship satisfaction. In women, a mediated effect of child sleep quality acted through sleep duration and time spent in bed on the partner relationship satisfaction score during both free and working days. In men, low child sleep quality was found to be associated with increased sleep onset during both free and working days. Child sleep quality influences relationship satisfaction mostly in mothers, likely because of their higher involvement in childcare during working days. Distress in the couple could be counteracted by a major involvement of the fathers in child management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Drug abstinence is accompanied by aversive experiences and lasting changes in mood status and worsening sleep quality. This study investigated the potential effects of chronic repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in substance dependent inpatients during abstinence.Methods: This was a double-blinded study with 105 males inpatients dependent on heroin or methamphetamine (average abstinence time was six months). The inpatients were randomly divided into 10 Hz intervention (n = 40), sham stimulation (n = 40) and control (waiting list, no treatment) (n = 25) groups. Five sessions of rTMS stimulation were administrated for six consecutive weeks, reaching a total of 180,000 pulses. There was no intervention for control group. Patients were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) were assessed prior to and after six weeks of intervention.Results: The results showed that six weeks of rTMS treatment significantly improved the sleep quality (p < 0.001), alleviated depression (p < 0.001) and anxiety state (p < 0.001) of substance dependent inpatients in early abstinence. Furthermore, the active TMS group showed significant differences between sham and control groups.Conclusion: These findings suggested that chronic rTMS treatment have positive effects for substance dependent inpatients during abstinence. Future studies are required to understand the underlying mechanism for improving different clinical symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quality of sleep developed to be a much disputed subject in everyday life performance of men. Our study focuses on comparing two samples one of non-sportive (formed by 42 students' age 19 ± 1.22 years) and one of professional athletes (formed by 45 sportive age between 18 ± 2.01 years). The main method used for analyzing the quality of sleep between the two samples of the research was the Athlete Sleep Screening Questionnaire (ASSQ) that is a tool that analyses sleep behaviors, identify disorder in sleeping routine and determine the frequency of difficulties with sleep before and after events, competitions or intense training programs. The results of the study showed a statistically significant differences between the two samples in the number of hours slept at night (the experiment sample having 8 to 9 hours of sleep compared with the control sample that have 6 to 7 hours); also we found differences between the time needed to fall asleep (less than 15 min at the experiment group compared with 31-60 min at the control group); less problems at sleeping in the experiment group compared with the control group and that the athletes from the experiment group are waking earlier and are a morning kind of persons compared with the control group that are more active at evening; also found differences at the caffeine doses consumed and usage of electronic devices before sleep time (the experiment have less cases compared with the control group). So the general conclusion of the study was that the level of satisfaction regarding the quality of sleep is higher at the experiment sample compared with the control sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Fasting during the holy month of Ramadan is a religious obligation for all Muslims who represent 1.8 billion of the world population (24%). This study explores the effect of Ramadan fasting on the blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), lipid profile, sleeping quality, and essential lifestyle parameters and also explores the safety of fasting for a whole month among diabetic patients. Aim: The aim of the present study was to assess the impact of Ramadan fasting on the blood glucose, HbA1c, lipid profile, sleeping quality, and lifestyle parameters among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Turkey. Subjects and Methods: A total of 1780 diabetic patients were approached, and 1246 (70%) participated in this cross-sectional study carried out during the period from May 27, 2017, to June 24, 2017. Data analysis comprised sociodemographic features, lifestyle habits, blood pressure measurements, serum lipid profiles, serum calcium, Vitamin D 25-hydroxy, uric acid, and HbA1c at before 4 weeks and after 12 weeks from Ramadan. Results: Out of 1246 patients, 593 (47.6%) were male and 653 (52.4%) were female. The mean ± standard deviation age of the patients was 50.39 ± 15.3 years. Males were significantly older than females (51.53 ± 12.56 vs. 49.26 ± 14.4; P = 0.003, respectively). Significant differences were found in Vitamin D, blood glucose, HbA1c level, creatinine, bilirubin, albumin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (female), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (male), uric acid, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure after and before the holy month of Ramadan (P < 0.05 for each). HbA1c (P < 0.001), physical activity (P < 0.001), hours of sleeping (P < 0.001), systolic blood pressure (BP) (mmHg) (P = 0.007), BMI (P = 0.016), diastolic BP (mmHg) (P = 0.018), family history (P = 0.021), and smoking (P = 0.045) were identified as significantly associated with Ramadan fasting as contributing factors. Conclusion: In one of the largest studies of its kind, we show that Ramadan fasting has positive effects on T2DM patients as it reduces their blood pressure, blood glucose, HbA1C, and BMI. Furthermore, there are improvements in the duration of sleep and physical activity, the role of Ramadan fasting in diabetes therapy has been confirmed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analyze the sleeping quality status and its influencing factors of elderly people in Yiliang county of Yunnan province. Methods Stratified random sampling method was used to select the samples from people over 60 years in Yiliang county. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index scale (Pittsburgh sleep gualityindex PSQI) was used to evaluate the sleeping quality of the elderly. Multivariable logistic regression method was used to analyze the sleeping quality and influencing factors in the elderly. Results The average PSQI score of the elderly over 60 in rural area of Yiliang county of Yunnan province was 4.81±3.546. The Subjective Sleep Quality， Sleep Latency， Sleep Duration， Habitual Sleep Efficiency，Sleep Disturbances，Use of Sleep Medications and Daytime Dysfunction scores were(0.93±0.812)， (0.80±0.993)， (0.79±1.123)， (0.87±1.179)， (0.84± 0.512)， (0.03±0.220) and (0.55±0.618)，respectively. The average incidence of sleeping disorders in the elderly was 22.5% in all enrolled people，17.1% in men and 27.2% in women. Women， minorities, and elderly people living alone were more likely to have sleep disorders (P<0.01) .Conclusion We should strengthen the health education of women, minorities and elderly people living alone to improve their sleep quality and improve their quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Poor psychological health in medical students has been reported nationwide. This study estimated the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress symptoms among medical students who were enrolled in a public university in Upper Egypt and determine the association of these morbidities with the students' basic socio-demographic variables. This cross-sectional study included 700 students. A self-administered, questionnaire for the socio-demographic characteristics, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS 21) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire were used for assessment. High frequencies of depression (65%), anxiety (73%) and stress (59.9%) were reported. Stress scores were significantly higher than depression and anxiety (P=0.001). 55.7% were poor sleepers. In univarate analysis, females, those living in the University campus/students' residence facility, in the preclinical years and with lower academic achievement had higher scores of DASS and PSQI compared to their comparative partners. Significant correlations were reported between stress with depression, anxiety and PQSI scores (P=0.0001). In multivariate analysis, stress scores were significantly associated with female sex, depression and anxiety scores. We conclude that depression, anxiety and stress symptoms are common in medical students of Assiut University relative to other schools and female gender was significantly correlated with these findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To identify the effect of Tai Chi (TC) on sleep quality in older adults with or without a medical condition. PubMed, Medline, and Scopus. Tai Chi, Tai Ji, Insomnia, sleep disorder, and sleep problem were used to search articles in peer-reviewed English journals from last 15 years. Prospective studies with subjects older than 18 years and sleeping disorder, and with Tai Chi as one of the interventions were selected. Two hundreds ten articles met the selection criteria and further scanned and discussed as needed by 3 reviewers based on the titles, abstracts, and keywords. As a result, 16 studies were qualified for this review. Data extracted included study design, subject characteristics, exercise parameters, and outcome measures, and results analysis. Sleep quality were improved as measured by Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) in 14 studies and by Spiegel Sleep Questionnaire (SSQ) in 1 study in adults without medical causes, or in those with cancer, sleep apnea, depression, or insomnia. Also fatigue and quality of life were assessed in 4 studies and found improved as evaluated by Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI) and SF-12 or SF-36. One study investigated the effect of Tai Chi on inflammatory biomarkers in patients with insomnia due to breast cancer and revealed significant inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL-6), Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and Nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB). The most commonly used TC parameters were 60 minutes per session, 2-7 times/week for 3-6 months. TC is an effective program for improving sleep quality in individuals with or without medical causes. Authors have no conflict of interest to this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Sleep disorders may result in fatigue, tiredness, depression and problems in daytime functioning. Music can reduce sympathetic nervous system activity, decrease anxiety, blood pressure, heart and respiratory rate and may have positive effects on sleep via muscle relaxation and distraction from thoughts. This paper is aims to investigate the effects of music on sleep quality in treatment provided for patients with breast-cancer with poor sleep. Method: Control groups have not been used in most previous studies. We used a two-group repeated measures design. Sixty 60 patients with breast cancer (aged between 27 and 69 years) with sleep complaints were studied in 2008. Participants listened for between 21.00 and 01.00 at night to soft instrumental music (experimental group) at bedtime for 1 week. The control group received no intervention. The data were collected by using a questionnaire determining the sociodemographic features, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were used in order to collect the data and Visual Analog Scales-VAS were utilized to measure level of satisfaction after the procedure. Results: It was found out that music-therapy provided to the music group before sleep affected positively their quality of sleep whereas the quality of sleep of control group worsened more during hospitalization period. Also, the research results demonstrated that although there was a negative correlation between patient satisfaction and their quality of sleep in the music group it was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: Relaxing classical music is an effective intervention in reducing sleeping problems. Nurses could use this safe, cheap and easy to learn method to treat insomnia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The study aimed to determine sleep quality and factors affecting it in patients with chronic psychological disorders. Materials and Methods: The research was conducted at Gevher Nesibe Medical Faculty Hospital of Erciyes University between March 10th, 2009 and April 10th, 2009. In total, 132 patients with psychiatric disorders were included, and all the patients were asked to fill the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Personal Information Forms. Results: According to the data obtained, the mean scores of PSQI were as follows: sleep duration, 1.17 ± 1.09 h; sleep efficacy, 1.23 ± 0.97; daytime dysfunction, 1.40 ± 1.01; sleep disorder, 1.16 ± 0.83; sleep latency, 2.80 ± 1.58; sleeping pills, 1.35 ± 0.76; and global PSQI, 9.13 ± 2.37. In total, 93.2% of the patients were found to have a bad sleeping quality. As the global PSQI scores increased, sleeping time, sleeping pill use, sleeping quality, sleeping activity, sleep latency, and daytime dysfunction scores also increased (p<0.05). In addition, there was a positive correlation among them. The correlation between the global PSQI scores and marital status and between the place of residence and occupational-professional status was found to be significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: As patients with chronic psychiatric disorders have frequent sleep problems, planning interventions for the sleep problems of patients can be recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: Epidemiological studies suggest the existence of a relationship between aircraft noise exposure and increased risk for myocardial infarction and stroke. Patients with established coronary artery disease and endothelial dysfunction are known to have more future cardiovascular events. We therefore tested the effects of nocturnal aircraft noise on endothelial function in patients with or at high risk for coronary artery disease. Methods: 60 Patients (50p 1-3 vessels disease; 10p with a high Framingham Score of 23 %) were exposed in random and blinded order to aircraft noise and no noise conditions. Noise was simulated in the patients' bedroom and consisted of 60 events during one night. Polygraphy was recorded during study nights, endothelial function (flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery), questionnaires and blood sampling were performed on the morning after each study night. Results: The mean sound pressure levels L measured were 46.9 ± 2.0 dB(A) in the Noise 60 nights and 39.2 ± 3.1 dB(A) in the control nights. Subjective sleep quality was markedly reduced by noise from 5.8 ± 2.0 to 3.7 ± 2.2 ( p < 0.001). FMD was significantly reduced (from 9.6 ± 4.3 to 7.9 ± 3.7 %; p < 0.001) and systolic blood pressure was increased (from 129.5 ± 16.5 to 133.6 ± 17.9 mmHg; p = 0.030) by noise. The adverse vascular effects of noise were independent from sleep quality and self-reported noise sensitivity. Conclusions: Nighttime aircraft noise markedly impairs endothelial function in patients with or at risk for cardiovascular disease. These vascular effects appear to be independent from annoyance and attitude towards noise and may explain in part the cardiovascular side effects of nighttime aircraft noise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Optimizing environment control system for underground sleeping space. • Thermal comfort, air quality and energy consumption were considered. • The influences of inlet air velocity, temperature and angle were investigated. • The CFD-GA method was proposed to optimize key design parameters. As one of the main functions of urban underground spaces, underground shelter can be utilized for prevention/mitigation of disasters. In underground shelter, narrow sleeping spaces are recommended due to cost-effective and space-saving charcteristics. However, it is challenging to create a satisfied indoor environment with narrow sleeping spaces because of the limited space, high density of occupants and complex physical fields. In this study, an environmental control system was proposed for narrow sleeping spaces with multiple occupants, and numerical simulations were adopted in design and optimization process. Firstly, a numerical strategy (including turbulence modeling, meshing method and experimental validation) was proposed for the environment control system. Secondly, the validated numerical model was adopted to investigate the influences of key design parameters (such as inlet air velocity, temperature, air supply angle and airflow pattern) on indoor environment and energy consumption of narrow sleeping spaces with airflow pattern of "Up-supply and Down-return". Thirdly, the CFD-GA (Genetic Algorithm) method was utilized to optimize multiple design parameters of the environment control system. The optimal results indicated that all of the indexes (predicted percentage dissatisfied [PPD], percentage dissatisfied of draft sensation [PD] and carbon dioxide [CO 2 ] concentration) satisfied the requirement of standards, and its energy consumption was much lower than other design conditions. Compared to the "Up-supply and Down-return" airflow pattern, the "Down-supply and Up-return" airflow pattern produced higher PD values and caused stronger draft sensation. Overall, the numerical strategy and CFD-GA optimization method is able to provide proper design of indoor environment control for the underground narrow sleeping space, from the perspectives of thermal comfort, air quality and energy saving. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The older adult population is growing faster than any age group, which increases their risk of frailty. Studies conducted among older adult are relatively scarce in Malaysia, especially among Chinese postmenopausal women, who have the longest life expectancy. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the prevalence of frailty and its associated factors among Chinese postmenopausal women. A total of 220 eligible respondents were recruited, with information on sociodemographic background, comorbidities, dietary intake and lifestyle behaviour were obtained using a structured questionnaire, while anthropometry indicators were assessed according to standard protocol. Fasting blood was withdrawn for the analysis of serum 25(OH)D. Multinomial logistic regression was used to determine factors that predict pre-frailty and frailty. Prevalence of pre-frailty and prevalence of frailty were 64.5 and 7.3%, respectively, and most of the respondents presented with weak handgrip strength. Pre-frailty was prevalent among the younger population. Dietary quality was unsatisfactory among the respondents, and the majority of them presented with a high percentage of body fat. An increased dietary quality index (DQI), poor sleep and low muscle mass were factors that contributed to frailty. In conclusion, nutritional factors should be considered in developing health-related policies and programs in reducing and delaying the onset of frailty.

Objective: To explore the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy combined with "empathy nursing" model on recurrent depressive disorder., Methods: The clinical data of 80 patients with recurrent depressive disorder were analyzed retrospectively. Among them, 40 patients receiving routine treatment and nursing were regarded as the control group, and 40 patients receiving additional cognitive behavioral therapy combined with "empathy nursing" on the basis of routine treatment and nursing were considered as the observation group., Results: Total nursing compliance of the observation group was much higher than that of the control group throughout the intervention. After the intervention, the SES and GQOL scores were both increased, and the observation group had a more obvious increase. The SDSS, Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), Hamilton Depression (HAMD) and LOTCA scores were all decreased after the intervention, and the observation group had much lower scores. Total nursing satisfaction of the observation group was markedly higher than that of the control group., Conclusion: Additional cognitive behavioral therapy combined with "empathy nursing" model can effectively promote the self-esteem and cognitive function, enhance nursing compliance, improve adverse emotions, restore sleep quality, reduce social function defects, and improve the quality of life., Competing Interests: None., (AJTR Copyright © 2021.)

Objectives: The aim of this study is to describe the current state of workplace violence (WPV) and compassionate behaviour towards nurses and to explain how they affect nurses' stress, sleep quality and subjective health status., Design: A cross-sectional online survey study., Setting: The survey was conducted across eight provinces in China., Participants: A total of 1024 nurses were recruited to complete an online questionnaire survey from February to May 2016 in China., Results: Approximately 75.4% participants had experienced some form of violence. Most of the participants experienced WPV such as verbal violence (65.2%), made difficulties (54.5%), tarnished reputation (37.5%), mob behaviour (34.9%), intimidation behaviour (18.8%), physical violence (14.6%) and sexual harassment (5.9%). In this study, 92.4% participants experienced compassionate behaviour from their coworkers (84.9%), supervisors (67.3%), and from their patients (65.3%). The results show that the exposure to WPV behaviour significantly affected the psychological stress (β=0.295, p<0.01), sleep quality (β=-0.198, p<0.01) and subjective health status (β=-0.252, p<0.01) of nurses. The exposure to compassionate behaviour significantly affected the psychological stress (β=-0.229, p<0.01), sleep quality (β=0.326, p<0.01) and subjective health status (β=0.342, p<0.01) of nurses. The results of the mediation analysis showed that psychological stress is a partial mediator in the relationship between violence and sleep quality (β=-0.458, p<0.01) and between violence and subjective health (β=-0.425, p<0.01). Moreover, psychological stress also partially mediated the relationship between compassionate behaviour and sleep quality (β=-0.473, p<0.01), and between compassionate behaviour and subjective health (β=-0.405, p<0.01)., Conclusion: In China, most nurses have experienced different forms of WPV from patients and/or their relatives, as well as experiencing various forms of compassionate behaviour from their coworkers, supervisors and/or patients. This study investigates the prevalence of the different types of WPV and compassionate behaviour. Several aspects of harm to nurses from exposure to violence is confirmed. We found that WPV can damage nurses' health outcomes, while compassionate behaviours were beneficial to their health outcomes. A harmonious nursing environment should be provided to minimise threats to nurses' health status., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2018. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Background: Fasting during the holy month of Ramadan is a religious obligation for all Muslims who represent 1.8 billion of the world population (24%). This study explores the effect of Ramadan fasting on the blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), lipid profile, sleeping quality, and essential lifestyle parameters and also explores the safety of fasting for a whole month among diabetic patients., Aim: The aim of the present study was to assess the impact of Ramadan fasting on the blood glucose, HbA1c, lipid profile, sleeping quality, and lifestyle parameters among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Turkey., Subjects and Methods: A total of 1780 diabetic patients were approached, and 1246 (70%) participated in this cross-sectional study carried out during the period from May 27, 2017, to June 24, 2017. Data analysis comprised sociodemographic features, lifestyle habits, blood pressure measurements, serum lipid profiles, serum calcium, Vitamin D 25-hydroxy, uric acid, and HbA1c at before 4 weeks and after 12 weeks from Ramadan., Results: Out of 1246 patients, 593 (47.6%) were male and 653 (52.4%) were female. The mean ± standard deviation age of the patients was 50.39 ± 15.3 years. Males were significantly older than females (51.53 ± 12.56 vs. 49.26 ± 14.4; P = 0.003, respectively). Significant differences were found in Vitamin D, blood glucose, HbA1c level, creatinine, bilirubin, albumin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (female), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (male), uric acid, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure after and before the holy month of Ramadan (P < 0.05 for each). HbA1c (P < 0.001), physical activity (P < 0.001), hours of sleeping (P < 0.001), systolic blood pressure (BP) (mmHg) (P = 0.007), BMI (P = 0.016), diastolic BP (mmHg) (P = 0.018), family history (P = 0.021), and smoking (P = 0.045) were identified as significantly associated with Ramadan fasting as contributing factors., Conclusion: In one of the largest studies of its kind, we show that Ramadan fasting has positive effects on T2DM patients as it reduces their blood pressure, blood glucose, HbA1C, and BMI. Furthermore, there are improvements in the duration of sleep and physical activity, the role of Ramadan fasting in diabetes therapy has been confirmed., Competing Interests: None