3,860 results on '"sla"'
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2. Mechanical and In vitro evaluation of cell structures for bone tissue engineering
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Moreno-Pérez, L.C., Peña-Peña, J.F., Alcantara-Quintana, L.E., Olivares-Pinto, U., and Ruiz-Aguilar, C.
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- 2025
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3. Evaluation of 3D-printed plastics for Ultra-High Vacuum applications: Outgassing, and residual gas analysis
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Domingues, Artur, Martínez-Carboneres, Ana, and Carlson, Stefan
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- 2025
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4. Brittle fracture of notched components fabricated by stereolithography
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Khosravani, Mohammad Reza, Frohn-Sörensen, Peter, Schwarzkopf, Andreas, Engel, Bernd, and Reinicke, Tamara
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- 2024
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5. A phenotypic integration approach to breeding seedlings for early vigor and drought resistant traits
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Gonzalez Paleo, L., Ravetta, D.A., and Vilela, A.E.
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- 2024
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6. Wear resistance and flexural properties of low force SLA- and DLP-printed splint materials in different printing orientations: An in vitro study
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Simeon, Philipp, Unkovskiy, Alexey, Saadat Sarmadi, Bardia, Nicic, Robert, Koch, Petra Julia, Beuer, Florian, and Schmidt, Franziska
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- 2024
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7. The need for ecological nested models as emerging theoretical frameworks in the investigation of affective variables in L2 education
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Li, Xi
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- 2023
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8. 3D Printing in Additive Manufacturing in Stereolithography: Coconut Shell Powder Additive
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Gonçalves, Victor Paes Dias, Velasco, David Coverdale Rangel, Colorado, Henry A., Vieira, Carlos Maurício Fontes, Perisse, Felipe Lopes, Lopera, Henry A. Colorado, editor, Monteiro, Sergio Neves, editor, Lopes, Felipe Perisse Duarte, editor, Londono, Carlos Castano, editor, Meyers, Marc A., editor, Youssef, George, editor, and Salazar, Daniel, editor
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- 2025
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9. User Experience Insights from a Virtual Reality Application for Second Language Learners
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Suarez-Pareja, Cristina, Rojas, Alix E., Ghosh, Ashish, Editorial Board Member, Florez, Hector, editor, and Astudillo, Hernán, editor
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- 2025
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10. Influence of MHC on genetic diversity and testicular expression of linked olfactory receptor genes.
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Kang, Mingue, Ahn, Byeongyong, Shin, Jae Yeol, Cho, Hye-Sun, Lee, Jongan, and Park, Chankyu
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GENE expression , *GENETIC variation , *MATE selection , *EXPECTATION-maximization algorithms , *LIFE sciences , *OLFACTORY receptors - Abstract
Background: Olfactory receptor (OR) genes are highly polymorphic and form extensive families that recognize a wide range of vertebrate odorants. To explore the genetic diversity of MHC-linked OR genes and their connection to MHC genes, we conducted a combined haplotype analysis of MHC-linked OR and MHC class I genes to determine the influence of MHC on OR diversity, which could be associated with MHC-based mate selection. Results: We selected nine MHC-linked OR genes based on their expression levels in pig testes and developed a sequence-based typing method for these genes. We then performed high-resolution typing of these OR genes, along with three major classical MHC class I genes (SLA-1, -2, and − 3), in 48 pigs across six breeds. We observed significantly higher allelic diversity (P < 0.01) in ORs with strong linkage disequilibrium (LD) to SLA compared to those with weak or no LD, and we identified 48 SLA class I-OR haplotypes using the expectation-maximization algorithm. The genetic diversity of SLA-linked ORs was positively correlated with their expression levels in the testis. Specifically, SLA-linked ORs with higher testicular expression (FPKM ≥ 0.1) exhibited an increase in the number of codons under mutually diversifying selection with SLA compared to those with lower expression (FPKM < 0.1). Conclusions: The presence of evolutionary interactions between MHC and linked OR genes supports the potential involvement of MHC-linked ORs in MHC-based mate selection. The use of combined haplotype information for MHC and linked ORs could provide new insights into the reproductive biology of animals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2025
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11. Does Cigarette Smoke Affect Permanent Resin‐Based Crown Materials?
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Sonkaya, Ezgi, Soygun, Koray, and Kahraman, Öykü Ceren
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DENTAL discoloration , *CIGARETTE smoke , *SMOKING , *ARTIFICIAL saliva , *SCANNING electron microscopes - Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective Materials and Methods Result Conclusion Clinical Significance The purpose of this study was to investigate how cigarette smoking affects the surface roughness (Ra) and stainability of additively and subtractively manufactured resins.Two additively manufactured definitive resins (Dentafab, DF and Formlabs, FL) and a subtractively manufactured resin nanoceramic (Cerasmart, CS) were used to fabricate 60 specimens (14 × 12 × 1 mm). After taking baseline Ra and color measurements (ΔE00), they were divided into two groups (n = 10). Using a programmable cigarette smoking simulation device, the study groups smoked 10 cigarettes a day for 30 days. The control groups were kept in artificial saliva for 30 days. The Ra and ΔE00 were performed again. Scanning electron microscope images were taken. Kruskal–Wallis test, Mann–Whitney U, Bonferroni, and Wilcoxon Signed Rank tests were used for statistical analyses (α = 0.05).Significantly less discoloration was observed in the FL group compared with the other groups (p < 0.001). The Ra of the DF study groups was statistically significantly higher than the control groups (p = 0.005).All the tested materials had moderately unacceptable color change when previously reported threshold values were considered. There was not found to be any linear correlation between the Ra of materials and smoking‐induced discoloration.The discoloration and surface roughness of three‐dimensional (3D)‐produced SLA definitive resin because of smoking are at acceptable levels. Optimized physical and chemical properties of definitive resins are clinically important to extend the life of the restoration. The application of 3D definitive resin can be recommended in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2025
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12. Osseointegration of Anodized vs. Sandblasted Implant Surfaces in a Guided Bone Regeneration Acute Dehiscence‐Type Defect: An In Vivo Experimental Mandibular Minipig Model.
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Shahdad, Shakeel, Rawlinson, Simon, Razaghi, Nahal, Patankar, Anuya, Patel, Mital, Roccuzzo, Mario, and Gill, Thomas
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GUIDED bone regeneration , *BONE growth , *OSSEOINTEGRATION , *ROUGH surfaces , *SAND blasting - Abstract
Objectives: This controlled preclinical study analyzed the effect of implant surface characteristics on osseointegration and crestal bone formation in a grafted dehiscence defect minipig model. Material and Methods: A standardized 3 mm × 3 mm acute‐type buccal dehiscence minipig model grafted with deproteinized bovine bone mineral and covered with a porcine collagen membrane after 2 and 8 weeks of healing was utilized. Crestal bone formation was analyzed histologically and histomorphometrically to compare three implant groups: (1) a novel, commercially available, gradient anodized (NGA) implant, to two custom‐made geometric replicas of implant "1," (2) a superhydrophilic micro‐rough large‐grit sandblasted and acid‐etched surface, and (3) a relatively hydrophobic micro‐rough large‐grit sandblasted and acid‐etched surface. Results: At 2 and 8 weeks, there was no difference between the amount and height of newly formed bone (NBH, new bone height; BATA, bone area to total area) for any of the groups (p > 0.05). First bone‐to‐implant contact (fBIC) and vertical bone creep (VBC) at 2 and 8 weeks were significantly increased for Groups 2 and 3 compared to Group 1 (p < 0.05). At 8 weeks, osseointegration in the dehiscence (dehiscence bone‐implant‐contact; dBIC) was significantly higher for Groups 2 and 3 compared to Group 1 (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The amount of newly formed bone (BATA) and NBH was not influenced by surface type. However, moderately rough surfaces demonstrated significantly superior levels of osseointegration (dBIC) and coronal bone apposition (fBIC) in the dehiscence defect compared to the NGA surface at 2 and 8 weeks. Trial Registration: For this type of study, clinical trial registration is not required. This study was conducted at the Biomedical Department of Lund University (Lund, Sweden) and approved by the local Ethics Committee of the University (M‐192‐14) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2025
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13. Aditivna proizvodnja u kemijskom inženjerstvu. Prvi dio: procesi za polimere,.
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Vrsaljko, D., Marković, M.-P., Cingesar, I. K., and Car, F.
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SUSTAINABILITY , *CHEMICAL engineering , *3-D printers , *CHEMICAL engineers , *THREE-dimensional printing , *STEREOLITHOGRAPHY - Abstract
Additive manufacturing, commonly known as 3D-printing, is a set of processes that create objects by adding materials directly from digital models. Additive manufacturing makes it possible to create parts by adding material exactly where the material is needed, thereby reducing waste and enabling the creation of objects with complex geometries that are difficult or impossible to achieve with conventional techniques. The application of additive manufacturing is also increasingly important in chemical engineering, and it is associated with four areas of activity: the end use of additively manufactured objects; the production of pharmaceutical products; the development of new materials; and the implementation of 3D printers within the frame of Industry 4.0. This paper provides an overview of additive manufacturing processes used for the production of polymer products and their application in chemical engineering. Technologies such as multi jet fusion (MJF), stereolithography (SLA), and digital light processing (DLP) are creating new opportunities for precise and sustainable manufacturing, while simpler methods like fused filament fabrication (FFF) ensure broad accessibility. With further advancements, additive manufacturing will continue to play a key role in transforming industrial practices, especially within the framework of Industry 4.0. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2025
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14. Investigation of Digital Light Processing-Based 3D Printing for Optimized Tooling in Automotive and Electronics Sheet Metal Forming.
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Szalai, Szabolcs, Szívós, Brigitta Fruzsina, Nemes, Vivien, Szabó, György, Kurhan, Dmytro, Sysyn, Mykola, and Fischer, Szabolcs
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DIGITAL image correlation ,METALWORK ,THREE-dimensional printing ,AUTOMOTIVE electronics ,SHEET metal - Abstract
This study addresses the emerging need for efficient and cost-effective solutions in low-volume production by exploring the mechanical performance and industrial feasibility of cutting tools that are fabricated using stereolithography apparatus (SLA) technology. SLA's high-resolution capabilities make it suitable for creating precise cutting dies, which were tested on aluminum sheets (Al99.5, 0.3 mm, and AlMg3, 1.0 mm) under a 60-ton hydraulic press. Measurements using digital image correlation (DIC) revealed minimal wear and deformation, with tolerances consistently within IT 0.1 mm. The results demonstrated that SLA-printed tools perform comparably to conventional metal tools in cutting and bending operations, achieving similar surface quality and edge precision while significantly reducing the production time and cost. Despite some limitations in wear resistance, the findings highlight SLA technology's potential for rapid prototyping and short-run manufacturing in the automotive and electronics sectors. This research fills a critical gap in understanding SLA-based tooling applications, offering insights into process optimization to enhance tool durability and broaden material compatibility. These advancements position SLA technology as a transformative tool-making technology for flexible manufacturing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2025
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15. Miniaturization Potential of Additive-Manufactured 3D Mechatronic Integrated Device Components Produced by Stereolithography.
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Piechulek, Niklas, Xu, Lei, Fröhlich, Jan, Bründl, Patrick, and Franke, Jörg
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SUBSTRATES (Materials science) ,RESPONSE surfaces (Statistics) ,SURFACE roughness ,THREE-dimensional printing ,STEREOLITHOGRAPHY - Abstract
Three-dimensional Mechatronic Integrated Devices (3D-MIDs) combine mechanical and electrical functions, enabling significant component miniaturization and enhanced functionality. However, their application in high-temperature environments remains limited due to material challenges. Existing research highlights the thermal stability of ceramic substrates; yet, their reliability under high-stress and complex mechanical loading conditions remains a challenge. In this study, 3D-MID components were fabricated using stereolithography (SLA) 3D-printing technology, and the feasibility of circuit miniaturization on high-temperature-resistant resin substrates was explored. Additionally, the influence of laser parameters on resistance values was analyzed using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The results demonstrate that SLA 3D-printing achieves substrates with low surface roughness, enabling the precise formation of fine features. Electric circuits are successfully formed on substrates printed with resin mixed with Laser Direct Structuring (LDS) additives, following laser structuring and metallization processes, with a minimum conductor spacing of 150 µm. Furthermore, through the integration of through-holes (vias) and the use of smaller package chips, such as Ball Grid Array (BGA) and Quad Flat No-lead (QFN), the circuits achieve further miniaturization and establish reliable electrical connections via soldering. Taken together, our results demonstrate that thermoset plastics serve as substrates for 3D-MID components, broadening the application scope of 3D-MID technology and providing a framework for circuit miniaturization on SLA-printed substrates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2025
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16. Effect of nanosized carbon nanotubes, Titanium Nitride and cubic Boron Nitride powders on mechanical and thermal properties of SLA 3D printed resin composites.
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Alshihabi, Mamoun and Kayacan, Mevlüt Yunus
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TITANIUM nitride , *THERMAL conductivity , *THERMAL properties , *CARBON nanotubes , *EPOXY resins - Abstract
This study explores the development of nanocomposites by incorporating multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), titanium nitride (TiN), and cubic boron nitride (c‐BN) nano powders into photo‐polymer epoxy resins for use in Stereolithography (SLA) additive manufacturing. Mechanical and thermal properties were systematically investigated to assess their performance. Initially, MWCNT, TiN, and c‐BN nano powders were homogeneously mixed with the resin to ensure uniformity. The resulting mixtures were then processed using SLA technology to evaluate production quality and material performance. The study revealed significant improvements in mechanical and thermal properties compared to pure resin, aligning with previous research outcomes. Specifically, the incorporation of MWCNT led to a notable enhancement in thermal conductivity, showing an increase of 24.21% as the thermal conductivity coefficient increased from 0.19 to 2.36 W/m·k. On the other hand, c‐BN significantly boosted mechanical strength, resulting in a substantial 20.45% increase as the shore D hardness went from 88.53 to 106.64. These findings highlight the promising potential of nanocomposites across various industries including electronics, aerospace, automotive, construction, medical devices, and manufacturing. Highlights: Developed nanocomposites with MWCNT, TiN, and c‐BN in SLA resin.c‐BN increased hardness by 20.45%, proving its effectiveness in composites.MWCNT enhanced thermal conductivity by 24.21%, boosting material performance.Pioneering use of TiN and c‐BN in SLA, addressing gaps in existing research.Applications span electronics, aerospace, automotive and medical devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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17. The Accuracy of 3D‐Printed Fixed Dental Restorations.
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Alammar, Amirah, Att, Wael, and Beuer, Florian
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DENTAL fillings , *DENTURES , *DIMENSIONAL analysis , *3-D printers , *COMPUTER-aided design software - Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective Materials and Methods Results Conclusion Clinical Significance The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the accuracy of resin‐based fixed dental restorations, namely veneers, single crowns, and four‐unit fixed partial dental prosthesis (FPDs), using two different 3D printing technologies and polymer‐based materials.A standard maxillary polyurethane jaw model containing prepared teeth was scanned using an intraoral scanner. The generated STL data were used to design the restorations virtually using CAD software. Two 3D printers were utilized for the provisional digital light processing and stereolithography for the castable resin patterns. Each printer produced 10 specimens of each type of restoration, for a total of 80 restorations. The 3D‐printed restorations were then 3D scanned using the same intraoral scanner and evaluated for external and internal dimensional accuracy in terms of trueness and precision. A one‐way ANOVA and two‐sample T‐test were implemented to compute the precision (variability between groups) and trueness (with the designed CAD model). A level of statistical significance of p‐value < 0.05 was set.Statistical differences in the external dimensional analysis of the incisors, molars, and four‐unit FPD with p‐values < 0.001, 0.002, and 0.004, respectively. For the internal dimensional analysis, the overall mean values of trueness ranged between 17 and 52 μm, and the variability was significant.The external and internal dimensional accuracy values of the 3D‐printed fixed dental restorations in this in vitro study in terms of trueness can be clinically accepted after chairside modifications. However, significant variability between the 3D‐printed restorations was observed. Further investigations are needed to improve the accuracy of the 3D‐printed fixed dental restorations.In terms of clinical applications, 3D‐printed fixed dental restorations produced by both 3D‐printing technologies and polymer‐based materials achieved acceptable levels of trueness, although some variability was observed. Significant deviations from the CAD model may require further chairside adjustments. Future integration of AI with 3D‐printing may further improve the accuracy and efficiency of fixed dental restoration production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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18. Contrasting strategies in morphological and physiological response to drought stress among temperate forest understory forbs and graminoids.
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Petek‐Petrik, A., Petrík, P., Halmová, M., Plichta, R., Matoušková, M., Houšková, K., Chudomelová, M., Urban, J., and Hédl, R.
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LEAF morphology , *CHLOROPHYLL spectra , *LEAF area , *BIOMASS , *PLANT growth , *STOMATA - Abstract
Drought stress can profoundly affect plant growth and physiological vitality, yet there is a notable scarcity of controlled drought experiments focused on herbaceous species of the forest understorey. In this study, we collected seeds from five forb and four graminoid species common in European temperate forests. Seeds were germinated under controlled glasshouse conditions and subjected to moderate drought stress for 5 weeks. We assessed biomass partitioning, stomatal and leaf morphology, leaf gas exchange, minimum leaf conductance (gmin), and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. Comparison of the two ecological guilds revealed that graminoids had a higher R/S, improved WUE, greater carboxylation efficiency, and enhanced non‐photochemical quenching under drought conditions compared to forbs. In contrast, forbs had significantly lower gmin, with higher total biomass and total leaf area. Despite these differences in morpho‐physiological functional traits, both groups experienced a similar relative reduction in biomass after drought stress. Key predictors of biomass accumulation under drought included photochemical quenching, stomatal traits, total leaf area and gmin. A negative correlation between biomass and gmin suggests that plants with lower residual water loss after stomatal closure can accumulate more biomass under drought stress. Additionally, gmin was positively correlated with guard cell length, suggesting that larger stomata contribute to higher residual water loss. Contrasting strategies in morpho‐physiological responses to drought define the differences between the two groups. In graminoids, drought resistance suggests greater emphasis on stress tolerance as a survival strategy. In contrast, forbs were able to maintain higher biomass and total leaf area, indicating a competitive strategy for maximizing resource acquisition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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19. Eco-Morphological and Physiological Behaviours of Atriplex halimus L. Under Different Natural Habitats.
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Abd Elbar, Ola H., Abd Elhalim, Mona E., Abd El-Maboud, Mohamed M., and Mostafa, Karam
- Abstract
Atriplex halimus is a widely distributed species in the Mediterranean coastal areas and can grow in saline and non-saline habitats. Plant leaves were collected from two habitats, non-saline (1.14 dSm-1 ) and saline (30.63 dSm-1 ) at Borg Alarab area on the North-Western coast of Egypt, to investigate the eco-morphological and physiological behaviour variations of A. halimus under different habitats. Leaf area and specific leaf area (SLA) were measured while moisture, chlorophylls a and b, carotenoids, Na+, K+, Ca++ and Cl- contents were determined. A. halimus leaves generate adaptive changes as plastic responds to salinity by reducing leaf area, SLA, chlorophylls a and b, and Cl contents but expressed an increase of phenyl-alanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) specific activity as well as Na+ and total phenol contents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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20. Optimizing surface properties in pure titanium for dental implants: a crystallographic analysis of sandblasting and acid-etching techniques.
- Author
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Adhitya, Krisna, Mustika, Tika, Manawan, Maykel, Ulfah, Ika Maria, Hanafi, Razie, Setyadi, Iwan, Suryadi, Hidayat, Arif, Wibisono, Mirza, Sah, Joni, Alam, Giri Wahyu, Harahap, Muslim Efendi, Sulaikan, Hadi Prianto, Suhendra, Nandang, and Jujur, I Nyoman
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SURFACE roughness ,DENTAL implants ,SAND blasting ,RESIDUAL stresses ,SURFACE texture - Abstract
Surface roughness is a critical factor affecting the performance of dental implants. One approach to influence this is through sandblasted, large grit, acid-etched (SLA) modification on pure titanium implant surfaces. In this study, SLA was performed on grade IV pure titanium. Sandblasting was conducted at distances of 2, 4, and 6 cm. Subsequently, the samples were etched with a mixed acid solution of HCl, H
2 SO4 , and H2 O for 0, 30, and 60 min. Surface roughness and X-ray diffraction (XRD) characterizations were conducted on the samples. The results revealed that surface roughness increased but was not too significant as the sandblasting distance decreased. Longer etching durations for sandblasted with acid-etched samples led to reduced surface roughness (Sa and Sz). It was found that a 60 min-etched sample resulted in optimal Sa , Sz , and Ssk values, i.e., 1.19 μm, 13.76 μm, and −0.60, respectively. The XRD texture was significantly influenced by sandblasting, with compressive residual stress increasing as the sandblasting distance decreased. Normal stress causes hill formations at shorter sandblasting distances. For etched samples, the residual stress decreased with longer etching durations. Normal stress-decreasing trend aligns with the initial reduction in hill and valley within the samples and subsequent hill enhancement at extended etching duration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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21. Effect of Sowing Date and Nitrogen Rates on Morphometric Features and Photosynthetic Performance in Sugar Beet.
- Author
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Michalska-Klimczak, Beata, Mastalerczuk, Grażyna, Wyszyński, Zdzisław, Pačuta, Vladimír, and Rašovský, Marek
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SUGAR beets ,SUGAR crops ,CHLOROPHYLL spectra ,GROWING season ,PLANT physiology - Abstract
Sugar beet is a critical crop for global sugar production, and optimizing its growth and yield requires a thorough understanding of the effects of agronomic practices such as sowing date and nitrogen fertilization. This study was conducted in the WULS-SGGW Experimental Field in Miedniewice, Poland, during two growing seasons. The aim of the research was to determine the impact of sowing dates and nitrogen fertilization on the morphometric features and photosynthetic performance of the Lubelska sugar beet variety grown in Luvisols soil. The experiments were arranged as split-plot designs (SPDs) with four replications. The factors of the experiment were the sowing date (optimal and delayed by two weeks) and nitrogen fertilization at doses of 0, 60, and 120 kg N·ha
−1 . The photosynthetic activity of sugar beet plants was measured four times during the growing season using chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF) parameters. Morphometric features were determined by collecting sugar beet plants after each chlorophyll fluorescence measurement. The obtained results demonstrate the significant effect of nitrogen doses on the morphometric parameters of aboveground biomass. Increasing nitrogen doses also differentiated chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, such as FV /F0 , FV /FM , PIABS , ET0 /CS0 , and ET0 /CSM . A two-week delay in sowing affected both the fluorescence parameters and morphometric features of sugar beet, highlighting the interaction between agronomic practices and plant physiology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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22. Additive manufacturing: a bespoke solution for drug delivery
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Farin, Moontaha, Maisha, Jarin Tasnim, Gibson, Ian, and Arafat, M. Tarik
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- 2024
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23. Advanced Modeling and 3D Printing Techniques for Game and CGI Characters
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Ștefan-Andrei LAZĂR and Patricia Isabela BRĂILEANU
- Subjects
game characters ,cgi ,additive manufacturing ,sla ,Mining engineering. Metallurgy ,TN1-997 - Abstract
This article explores the methods of designing 3D elements used in video games and CGI, highlighting the impact of these techniques on the perception and experience of digital art. 3D models are fundamental to create immersive virtual worlds, and the 3D modeling process extends from conception to execution, combining engineering principles with industrial design. Advanced threedimensional modeling software such as Blender or Adobe Substance 3D Painter are built to create realistic models, while additive manufacturing with SLA technology allows rapid prototype development of game characters. The article also discusses the interoperability between certain three–dimensional modeling platforms on the current market and the impact of new technologies such as the so-called digital twins or the metaverse, on the future of three-dimensional graphics and threedimensional modeling of game characters. Through these technological advances, 3D modeling is redefining the boundaries of design, offering limitless opportunities for innovation in the gaming industry.
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- 2024
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24. How I do it: MRI-guided stereotactic navigation for Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy.
- Author
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Rasmussen, Rune and Nielsen, Silas Haahr
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STEREOTAXIC techniques , *LASER ablation , *CATHETERIZATION , *SUPPLY & demand , *HAMARTOMA - Abstract
Background: MR-guided stereotaxy has emerged as a viable alternative to CT-guided frame-based or frameless approaches. By offering direct MR-guided navigation, this technique addresses most limitations inherent to CT navigation, enabling submillimeter precision. Method: We detail the workflow of using the ClearPoint® MR navigation system for laser catheter placement in the treatment of a hypothalamic hamartoma. Conclusion: MR-guided navigation is a precise and effective stereotactic method for laser ablation of targets with high demands for accuracy. However, compared to standard stereotactic techniques, MR-guided navigation is more time-consuming and costly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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25. Analysis of Geometrical Accuracy and Surface Quality of Threaded and Spline Connections Manufactured Using MEX, MJ and VAT Additive Technologies.
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Sarzyński, Marcin, Chudzik, Kamila, Panek, Paweł, Sarzyński, Bartłomiej, and Zaborniak, Małgorzata
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MECHANICAL engineering , *FUSED deposition modeling , *GEOMETRIC surfaces , *MANUFACTURING processes , *SURFACE analysis , *SCREWS , *STEREOLITHOGRAPHY - Abstract
This paper presents the process of manufacturing mechanical joint components using additive manufacturing (AM) techniques such as Material Extrusion (Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM)), Material Jetting (PolyJet), and Vat Photopolymerization (VAT)/Stereolithography (SLA). Using the PolyJet technique and a photopolymer resin, spline and threaded joint components were produced. For comparative analysis, the threaded joint was also fabricated using FDM and SLA techniques. PLA material was used for the FDM technique, while photopolymer resin was utilized for the SLA process. The components produced underwent a surface analysis to evaluate the accuracy of the dimensions in relation to the nominal dimensions. For the spline connection components, the dimensional deviations recorded by a 3D scanner ranged from −0.11 to +0.18 mm for the shaft and up to 0.24 mm for the sleeve. Measurements of screw and nut diameters showed the highest accuracy for screws produced using the PolyJet technique, while the nuts exhibited the best accuracy when fabricated with the SLA method. The profile of the screw threads using a contour gauge revealed the most accurate thread profile on the screw manufactured with the PolyJet technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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26. Cold Intermediate Water Formation in the Black Sea Triggered by March 2022 Cold Intrusions.
- Author
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Çokacar, Tülay
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EXTREME weather ,OCEAN temperature ,CONTINENTAL slopes ,AIR masses ,WEATHER - Abstract
In mid-March 2022, a Siberian High brought intense cold air masses, leading to severe weather conditions across southern Europe, including the Black Sea region. This study investigates the spatial and temporal evolution of cold intermediate water (CIW) masses in the Black Sea, with a particular focus on the successive anomalously cold episodes that occurred in March 2022. The research underscores the significance of the northwestern continental slope and cyclonic gyres, especially as the only cold-water mass observations during the warm winters of 2020 and 2021 were concentrated in these areas. Following two warm winters, the cold episodes of March 2022 revealed notable convection and simultaneous cooling, particularly in the cyclonic interior and the Rim Current periphery, excluding the northeastern periphery. Subsequently, cold waters spreading isopycnally throughout the summer months were transported laterally and reached these regions. Argo float measurements provided clear evidence of widespread replenishment of the CIW, indicating that it is not confined to specific areas. The study also highlights regional variability in the characteristics of CIW formation, which is influenced by local dynamics and preconditioning temperatures. The temperatures of CIW increased from west to east, in line with the sea surface temperature gradient. Notably, thicker and colder CIW was found in the western cyclonic gyre compared to the eastern cyclonic area. Furthermore, the study confirms that the warming trend in CIW, identified in previous research, not only continues but has intensified during the recent period analyzed. These findings, observed under the extreme conditions analyzed in this research, offer valuable insights into the widespread occurrence of CIW formation in the Black Sea. Additionally, the study confirms that the warming trend in CIW, identified in previous studies, continued in the region throughout the warm winter period and after the cold spell in 2022. These insights contribute to a deeper understanding of CIW dynamics and their response to extreme weather events in the Black Sea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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27. Keeping Verticals' Sovereignty During Application Migration in Continuum.
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Kotulski, Zbigniew, Nowak, Tomasz, Sepczuk, Mariusz, Bocianiak, Krzysztof, Pawlikowski, Tomasz, Podlasek, Aleksandra, and Wary, Jean-Philippe
- Abstract
Competing service providers in the cloud environment ensure services are delivered under the promised security requirements. It is crucial for mobile services where user's movement results in the service's migration between edge servers or clouds in the Continuum. Maintaining service sovereignty before, during, and after the migration is a real challenge, especially when the service provider has committed to ensuring its quality following the Service Level Agreement. In this paper, we present the main challenges mobile service providers face in a cloud environment to guarantee the required level of security and digital sovereignty as described in the Security Service Level Agreement, with emphasis on challenges resulting from the service migration between the old and new locations. We present the security and sovereignty context intended for migration and the steps of the migration algorithm. We also analyze three specific service migration cases for three vertical industries with different service quality requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Antifungal Ability of Novel Silane on Titanium Implant Surface.
- Author
-
Liu, Xiaotian, Chen, Shuyang, Ding, Hao, and Tsoi, James Kit Hon
- Subjects
FUNGAL colonies ,SILANE coupling agents ,CANDIDA albicans ,TITANIUM alloys ,DENTAL implants - Abstract
Titanium and its alloys are commonly used in dentistry for implants due to their strength, lightweight nature, durability, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. These implants can osseointegrate after surface treatments such as SLA, plasma-spray, and nanotubes, providing a stable foundation for prostheses. However, Candida albicans, an opportunistic fungal pathogen, can threaten the success of titanium dental implants, causing oral infections in vulnerable individuals. A dual novel silane blend of 3-acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (ACPS) and bis-1,2-(triethoxysilyl)ethane (BTSE) has been shown to improve the shear bond strength in resin cement bonds with titanium and ceramics. This study evaluated the effects of Candida albicans colonization on blended silane-coated SLA-Ti surfaces compared to non-coated SLA-Ti (positive control) and flat titanium (negative control). Candida albicans biofilms were cultured on all surfaces, and it was found that silane-coated SLA-Ti had significantly lower CFU counts than non-coated SLA-Ti. However, no significant differences were observed in the RT-PCR results. In conclusion, a combination of 1.0 vol% ACPS and 0.3 vol% BTSE shows promise as a silane coupling agent with potential antifungal properties for inhibiting Candida albicans proliferation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. TADocs: Teacher–Assistant Distillation for Improved Policy Transfer in 6G RAN Slicing.
- Author
-
Mu, Xian, Xu, Yao, Li, Dagang, and Liu, Mingzhu
- Subjects
- *
DEEP reinforcement learning , *REINFORCEMENT learning , *RADIO access networks , *SERVICE level agreements , *TEACHERS' assistants , *COSINE function - Abstract
Network slicing is an advanced technology that significantly enhances network flexibility and efficiency. Recently, reinforcement learning (RL) has been applied to solve resource management challenges in 6G networks. However, RL-based network slicing solutions have not been widely adopted. One of the primary reasons for this is the slow convergence of agents when the Service Level Agreement (SLA) weight parameters in Radio Access Network (RAN) slices change. Therefore, a solution is needed that can achieve rapid convergence while maintaining high accuracy. To address this, we propose a Teacher and Assistant Distillation method based on cosine similarity (TADocs). This method utilizes cosine similarity to precisely match the most suitable teacher and assistant models, enabling rapid policy transfer through policy distillation to adapt to the changing SLA weight parameters. The cosine similarity matching mechanism ensures that the student model learns from the appropriate teacher and assistant models, thereby maintaining high performance. Thanks to this efficient matching mechanism, the number of models that need to be maintained is greatly reduced, resulting in lower computational resource consumption. TADocs improves convergence speed by 81% while achieving an average accuracy of 98%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Livelihood Analysis of People Involved in Fish-Drying Practices on the Southwest Coast of Bangladesh.
- Author
-
Rahman, Fayzur, Shamsuzzaman, Md. Mostafa, Talukdar, Anuradha, Alam, Masud, Asadujjaman, Md., Schneider, Petra, and Mozumder, Mohammad Mojibul Hoque
- Subjects
POOR people ,FISHERIES ,JOB vacancies ,MALE employees ,INCOME - Abstract
The southwest coast, specifically the Khulna region of Bangladesh, has seen a substantial increase in the production of dried fish, involving marginalized coastal people. This study uses a mixed methods approach and the sustainable livelihood approach (SLA) to assess these fish-drying communities' socioeconomic characteristics, ways of living, and adaptability. Due to their lower literacy, irregular wages, and labor-intensive employment, the research outcomes indicated that the communities engaged in the drying process were economically disadvantaged. Male workers exhibited a relatively higher participation rate compared to females. However, it was observed that females had less power over their wages and earned less than USD 2.74–3.65 per day compared to males at USD 3.65–5.48 per day. Even though there were a lot of opportunities for employment, the survey showed that very few vendors, manufacturers, and laborers regarded themselves as financially independent. To cope with various impacts and obstacles, off-season earnings, a variety of fish species, drying facilities, dealer associations, and social relationships were crucial for dried-fish processors, workers, and traders. The research suggests implementing suitable measures to diversify alternative sources of income and emphasizes the importance of fostering strong collaboration among the communities, local management authorities, and the government. With regard to dry-fish approaches, these steps are essential for ensuring long-term sustainability and improving community resilience among coastal communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Measuring the effects of repeated exposure to children's graded readers.
- Author
-
Llanes, Àngels and Tragant, Elsa
- Subjects
- *
PERCEPTION testing , *VOCABULARY tests , *GROUP reading , *LANGUAGE & languages , *PRIMARY education , *INCIDENTAL learning - Abstract
The present study presents an instructional procedure developed in an attempt to enhance incidental learning through graded readers in class, the Multiple Incidental Exposures (MIE) procedure, and compares it to a more common procedure involving reading and doing the exercises, which is referred to as Traditional Explicit Practice (TEP). Participants were 44 Catalan/Spanish students (aged 10–11 years) taking the fifth course of primary education in a school in Catalonia. Participants belonged to two intact classes that were randomly assigned a condition: MIE group (n = 23, n = 15 males, n = 8 females) and the TEP group (n = 21, n = 12 males, n = 9 females). The MIE group was first told the story by their teacher, then read and listened to the graded readers twice (first collectively and later on individually), to be followed by a True/False activity and a jigsaw reading task. The TEP group read and listened to the story collectively once and then performed a series of traditional explicit exercises very similar in format to those included at the end of the graded reader. Participants were administered a vocabulary test, a grammar test and a perception of pronunciation test following a pre- post-test design. A questionnaire on the participants' attitudes was also administered on the post-test. The results show that while the TEP procedure is more effective for grammar learning, the MIE and TEP procedures are equally effective in terms of vocabulary and pronunciation. In terms of enjoyment and perception of learning, both groups showed comparable results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. The Biocompatibility and the Effect of Titanium and PEKK on the Osseointegration of Customized Facial Implants.
- Author
-
Hong, Sung-Ok, Pyo, Ju-Yeon, On, Sung-Woon, Seo, Ja-Yeong, and Choi, Jin-Young
- Subjects
- *
FACIAL bones , *MANDIBLE , *BONE growth , *CAD/CAM systems , *BONE regeneration , *PERIOSTEUM - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the optimization of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) patient-specific implants for mandibular facial bone defects and compare the biocompatibility and osseointegration of machined titanium (Ma), Sandblasted/Large-grit/Acid-etched (SLA) titanium, and polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) facial implants. We hypothesized that the facial implants made of SLA titanium had superior osseointegration when applied to the gonial angle defect and prevented the senile atrophy of the bone. Histologic findings of the soft-tissue reaction, hard-tissue reaction, and bone–implant contact (BIC (%) of 24 Ma, SLA, and PEKK facial implants at 8 and 12 weeks were investigated. There was no statistical difference in the soft tissue reaction. Bone was formed below the periosteum in all facial implants at 12 weeks and the BIC values were significantly different at both 8 and 12 weeks (p < 0.05). Ma, SLA, and PEKK facial implants are biocompatible with osseointegration properties. SLA can enhance osseointegration and provoke minimal soft tissue reactions, making them the most suitable choice. They provide an excellent environment for bone regeneration and, over the long term, may prevent atrophy caused by an aging mandible. The bone formation between the lateral surface of the facial implant and periosteum may assist in osseointegration and stabilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Constructing Sukuk-linked Awqaf (endowment) model.
- Author
-
Ismal, Rifki
- Subjects
NET present value ,WAQF ,INFRASTRUCTURE (Economics) ,INVESTORS ,LAND use - Abstract
Purpose: Islamic endowment (awqaf), particularly awqaf land, is one of the potential Islamic social assets to serve the public interest, particularly to provide public infrastructures such as business centers, public hospitals and airports. However, unfortunately, most of them are still unproductive lands, especially in the form of idle lands. One problem to use such unproductive awqaf lands is the lack of awqaf land model as the platform to use such awqaf lands. This paper aims to construct and propose a model called Sukuk-linked Awqaf (SLA) to use awqaf lands as an underlying for Sukuk issuance. Design/methodology/approach: This paper constructs mechanisms and formulas of SLA by involving Sukuk issuer, awqaf management (Nadzhir), Sukuk investors and tenants of the infrastructure. In particular, the SLA model is proposed based on the unique characteristics of both awqaf asset and Ijarah (leasing) Sukuk, considers the intention of state-owned enterprise (SOE) to construct buildings to be rented to the tenant and to be owned by the awqaf manager and formulates equations and uses net present value theory to determine Nadzhir and Sukuk investors' investment decisions. Findings: Engaging awqaf land with SLA model can ease its benefit for the society. The model addresses the strategic roles of Nadzhir, SOE, investors and contractor in using awqaf land. Research limitations/implications: The SLA model could ease related parties to use the awqaf land for the sake of public benefits. Originality/value: To the best of the author's knowledge, this is the first assessment on the potential implementation of Islamic hedging with a commodity as an alternative hedging in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Investigation of Plastic Ball Bearing Production by Additive Manufacturing
- Author
-
Ağören, Görkem, Küçükoğlu Doğan, Burcu, and Karaçay, Tuncay
- Published
- 2025
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. 3D-Printed Polyurethane Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering: Techniques and Emerging Applications
- Author
-
Shanno, Kumari, Mangala, Preeti, Shanmugarajan, Thukani Sathanantham, Bhyan, Bhupinder, Shinde, Manoj Gangadhar, Rane, Bhuvaneshwari Yogesh, Ali, Syed Salman, Kumar, Mohit, and Kumar, Pawan
- Published
- 2025
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Deterministic service level agreement: indicator classification in private networks for vertical industry
- Author
-
ZHANG Mufeng, LI Hongxing, WANG Ke, LI Xiaoliang, LIU Yaqiong, HU Yihong, and SHOU Guochu
- Subjects
SLA ,5G ,TSN ,DetNet ,industrial Internet ,Telecommunication ,TK5101-6720 ,Technology - Abstract
Meeting the differentiated deterministic service quality experience of customers in different industries in an economically effective manner is conducive to promoting the construction of a vertical industry deterministic private network. In the face of various segmented industries and different dimensions of deterministic service quality requirements, the classification and grading of SLA(service level agreement) indicators are very important. Firstly, various types of application scenarios of deterministic service in vertical industries were summarized, and indicator requirements analysis was conducted for each type of business. Then, a deterministic SLA indicator system was proposed and a hierarchical design scheme for each indicator was summarized to solve the problem of insufficient reflection of deterministic attributes in current network SLA indicators, and help reducing the difficulty of understanding and aligning indicators between industry customers and service providers, and enable the network to meet the deterministic service needs of different industries. Finally, prospects for future work were presented.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Masked stereolithography 3D printing of a brain tissue from an MRI data set
- Author
-
Yılmaz Gür
- Subjects
Brain ,MRI scan ,3D printing ,Accuracy ,SLA ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 - Abstract
3D printing technology holds tremendous promise for applications in the medical field, particularly in the creation of anatomical models. The accuracy of 3D-printed anatomical models is of utmost importance, especially for surgeons engaged in complex surgical planning. The goal of this study was to create an anatomically precise model of brain tissue using data obtained from an MRI scan, with a resin-based Masked Stereolithography 3D printer, and to assess the model's potential uses. The process of creating an anatomical brain model with an SLA 3D printer was divided into six fundamental stages. The 3D printing process for this project necessitated 55.4 g of resin, and the total printing time was 4 h and 56 min. Any liquid resin residues on the brain structure eliminated through cleaning have been conducted using 99.6 % pure isopropyl alcohol. Following the printing phase, the produced model underwent a curing process in a chamber illuminated with ultraviolet light at a wavelength of 405 nm to ensure complete solidification. Once solidification is completed, the dimensions of the brain are measured with a micrometer and compared with those digitally generated from the MRI scan data. The results showed that the overall dimensional error was less than 1 %.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. MR-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy in the treatment of brain tumors and epilepsy.
- Author
-
Nielsen, Silas Haahr and Rasmussen, Rune
- Subjects
- *
FOCAL cortical dysplasia , *TEMPORAL lobe epilepsy , *BRAIN tumors , *MINIMALLY invasive procedures , *PARTIAL epilepsy , *TEMPORAL lobectomy - Abstract
MR-guided Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy (MRgLITT) is a minimally invasive neurosurgical technique increasingly used for the treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy and brain tumors. Utilizing near-infrared light energy delivery guided by real-time MRI thermometry, MRgLITT enables precise ablation of targeted brain tissues, resulting in limited corridor-related morbidity and expedited postoperative recovery. Since receiving CE marking in 2018, the adoption of MRgLITT has expanded to more than 40 neurosurgical centers across Europe. In epilepsy treatment, MRgLITT can be applied to various types of focal lesional epilepsy, including mesial temporal lobe epilepsy, hypothalamic hamartoma, focal cortical dysplasias, periventricular heterotopias, cavernous malformations, dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors (DNET), low-grade gliomas, tuberous sclerosis, and in disconnective surgeries. In neuro-oncology, MRgLITT is used for treating newly diagnosed and recurrent primary brain tumors, brain metastases, and radiation necrosis. This comprehensive review presents an overview of the current evidence and technical considerations for the use of MRgLITT in treating various pathologies associated with drug-resistant epilepsy and brain tumors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Teaching English Vocabulary: An Overview.
- Author
-
Jadhav, Arvind
- Subjects
ENGLISH language education ,VOCABULARY education ,INFORMATION & communication technologies ,ACADEMIC motivation ,SELF-efficacy in students - Abstract
The paper presents an overview of teaching English vocabulary in the context of 21
st century advancements and challenges, within the field of English language teaching and outside. It takes review of 21st century learning components comprised of learning competencies, learning modalities, ICT, and infrastructure in relevance to English language teaching in general and English vocabulary teaching in particular. It discusses different approaches and techniques of vocabulary teaching. It argues that vocabulary is foundational blocks of language. Mastering vocabulary is indispensable in (second) language learning. Besides methods of vocabulary teaching, learners’ personal trait such as motivation and self-efficacy are also crucial in mastering English vocabulary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
40. 面向垂直行业专网的确定性 SLA 指标分级研究.
- Author
-
张沐风, 李洪星, 王柯, 李晓良, 刘雅琼, 胡怡红, and 寿国础
- Abstract
Copyright of Telecommunications Science is the property of Beijing Xintong Media Co., Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. 面向交通标志的改进 YOLO 目标检测算法.
- Author
-
赵磊, 李栋, 房建东, and 曹琪
- Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Graphics is the property of Journal of Graphics Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Towards a Customizable, SLA 3D-Printed Biliary Stent: Optimizing a Commercially Available Resin and Predicting Stent Behavior with Accurate In Silico Testing.
- Author
-
Cordista, Victoria, Patel, Sagar, Lawson, Rebecca, Lee, Gunhee, Verheyen, Morgan, Westbrook, Ainsley, Shelton, Nathan, Sapkota, Prakriti, Zabala Valencia, Isabella, Gaddam, Cynthia, and Thomas, Joanna
- Subjects
- *
BILE ducts , *BEND testing , *YIELD stress , *THREE-dimensional printing , *MEDICAL equipment - Abstract
Inflammation of the bile ducts and surrounding tissues can impede bile flow from the liver into the intestines. If this occurs, a plastic or self-expanding metal (SEM) stent is placed to restore bile drainage. United States (US) Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved plastic biliary stents are less expensive than SEMs but have limited patency and can occlude bile flow if placed spanning a duct juncture. Recently, we investigated the effects of variations to post-processing and autoclaving on a commercially available stereolithography (SLA) resin in an effort to produce a suitable material for use in a biliary stent, an FDA Class II medical device. We tested six variations from the manufacturer's recommended post-processing and found that tripling the isopropanol (IPA) wash time to 60 min and reducing the time and temperature of the UV cure to 10 min at 40 °C, followed by a 30 min gravity autoclave cycle, yielded a polymer that was flexible and non-cytotoxic. In turn, we designed and fabricated customizable, SLA 3D-printed polymeric biliary stents that permit bile flow at a duct juncture and can be deployed via catheter. Next, we generated an in silico stent 3-point bend test to predict displacements and peak stresses in the stent designs. We confirmed our simulation accuracy with experimental data from 3-point bend tests on SLA 3D-printed stents. Unfortunately, our 3-point bend test simulation indicates that, when bent to the degree needed for placement via catheter (~30°), the peak stress the stents are predicted to experience would exceed the yield stress of the polymer. Thus, the risk of permanent deformation or damage during placement via catheter to a stent printed and post-processed as we have described would be significant. Moving forward, we will test alternative resins and post-processing parameters that have increased elasticity but would still be compatible with use in a Class II medical device. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Direct object anaphora resolution in L1 English-L2 Spanish: Referring clitics and DPs.
- Author
-
García-Tejada, Aída
- Subjects
- *
NATIVE language , *SPANIARDS , *ANAPHORA (Linguistics) , *RESEARCH methodology , *AMBIGUITY - Abstract
This study investigates the written production of direct object (DO) anaphora in L2 Spanish by adult English native speakers. It focuses on the use of clitics and full DPs in topic continuity, where highly salient topics are typically recovered by clitics in native Spanish. A combination of pragmatic factors in subject anaphora resolution (referential ambiguity and distance) and morphosyntactic factors in the acquisition of clitics (gender and animacy) was analyzed in 5 subcorpora from the CEDEL2 (Corpus Escrito del Español L2). Following Learner Corpus Research methodology, 773 anaphoric DOs and their antecedents were tagged across 150 texts (from low-intermediate to upper-advanced proficiency). Results showed that as learner proficiency increases, the predominant anaphoric strategy shifts from redundant DP overuse to felicitous pronominalization. Clitic avoidance is the general strategy intimately related to clitics' morphosyntactic deficits at advanced levels, but also to pragmatic principles supporting the Pragmatic Principles Violation Hypothesis (Lozano, 2016). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Characterization of SLA RNA promoter from dengue virus and its interaction with the viral non-structural NS5 protein.
- Author
-
Brillet, Karl, Janczuk-Richter, Marta, Poon, Amanda, Laukart-Bradley, Joanne, Ennifar, Eric, and Lebars, Isabelle
- Subjects
- *
DENGUE viruses , *RNA synthesis , *RNA , *HAIRPIN (Genetics) , *STRUCTURAL dynamics , *VIRAL proteins - Abstract
The Dengue virus (DENV) is the most significant arthropod-borne viral pathogen in humans with 400 million infections annually. DENV comprises four distinct serotypes (DENV-1 to -4) which complicates vaccine development. Any of the four serotypes can cause clinical illness but with distinctive infection dynamics. Variations in sequences identified within the four genomes induce structural differences in crucial RNA motifs that were suggested to be correlated to the degree of pathogenicity among DENV-1 to -4. In particular, the RNA Stem-loop A (SLA) at the 5′-end of the genome, acts as a key regulator of the viral replication cycle by interacting with the viral NS5 polymerase to initiate the minus-strand viral RNA synthesis and later to methylate and cap the synthesized RNA. The molecular details of this interaction remain not fully described. Here, we report the solution secondary structures of SLA from DENV-1 to -4. Our results highlight that the four SLA exhibit structural and dynamic differences. Secondly, to determine whether SLA RNA contains serotype-specific determinants for the recognition by the viral NS5 protein, we investigated interactions between SLA from DENV -1 to -4 and DENV2 NS5 using combined biophysical approaches. Our results show that NS5 from DENV2 is able to bind SLA from other serotypes, but that other viral or host factors may be necessary to stabilize the complex and promote the catalytically active state of the NS5. By contrast, we show that a serotype-specific binding is driven by specific interactions involving conformational changes within the SLA RNA. • SLA RNA from DENV-1 to -4 exhibit structural and dynamics differences. • First NMR description of viral NS5 polymerase binding to SLA RNA. • Binding of NS5 to serotype-specific SLA induces structural rearrangement. • Binding of NS5 to a non-serotype-specific SLA occurs through different mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Masked stereolithography 3D printing of a brain tissue from an MRI data set.
- Author
-
Gür, Yılmaz
- Subjects
THREE-dimensional printing ,STEREOLITHOGRAPHY ,3-D printers ,HUMAN anatomical models ,MAGNETIC resonance imaging ,BRAIN anatomy - Abstract
3D printing technology holds tremendous promise for applications in the medical field, particularly in the creation of anatomical models. The accuracy of 3D-printed anatomical models is of utmost importance, especially for surgeons engaged in complex surgical planning. The goal of this study was to create an anatomically precise model of brain tissue using data obtained from an MRI scan, with a resin-based Masked Stereolithography 3D printer, and to assess the model's potential uses. The process of creating an anatomical brain model with an SLA 3D printer was divided into six fundamental stages. The 3D printing process for this project necessitated 55.4 g of resin, and the total printing time was 4 h and 56 min. Any liquid resin residues on the brain structure eliminated through cleaning have been conducted using 99.6 % pure isopropyl alcohol. Following the printing phase, the produced model underwent a curing process in a chamber illuminated with ultraviolet light at a wavelength of 405 nm to ensure complete solidification. Once solidification is completed, the dimensions of the brain are measured with a micrometer and compared with those digitally generated from the MRI scan data. The results showed that the overall dimensional error was less than 1 %. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Written Corrective Feedback under SLA Lens: From Research to Practice.
- Author
-
Ornuma Chingchit
- Abstract
It is widely accepted that written corrective feedback (WCF) is an effective tool for helping learners develop their L2 knowledge. Yet, it remains inconclusive as to which type of WCF can best facilitate L2 learning. In recent years, many second language acquisition (SLA) researchers agree that direct and focused WCF may be more effective in aiding learners' L2 development when compared to indirect and unfocused WCF. Other SLA scholars argue that the type of WCF might not matter as all types have been shown to be effective to some extent. Instead, the focus should be on selecting the appropriate type of WCF that is tailored to the needs of target learners. Recent research has suggested that practitioners consider learners' proficiency levels and beliefs towards the use of feedback before selecting the type of WCF to be used in class as these factors can significantly determine the success of WCF. To guide practitioners' practical decision-making on this topic, this article aims to provide a comprehensive review of studies on WCF and offer recommendations on how to best implement it in specific teaching contexts based on current literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
47. L'apprentissage du vocabulaire en français L2 avec Netflix : effet des activités de pré-/post-visionnage.
- Subjects
FRENCH language ,LANGUAGE & languages ,VOCABULARY - Abstract
Les inputs audiovisuels tels que les films et les séries sont de plus en plus souvent utilisés dans les cours de langue étrangère (LE) car ils permettent une exposition authentique à la langue. Plusieurs études suggèrent qu'ils soutiennent l'apprentissage de nouveaux mots, mais que l'inclusion d'activités de pré-/post-visionnage pourrait renforcer cet apprentissage. La présente étude a été menée en Suisse alémanique et s'intéresse à l'effet de la présence et du placement d'une telle activité sur l'apprentissage de 51 mots cibles. Dans une étude within-design, 97 apprenants de français langue étrangère de 13–14 ans ont regardé trois extraits de la série télévisée « Plan Cœur » (Netflix, 2018). Les trois conditions étaient : épisode seul, épisode et activité avant, épisode et activité après. Les activités portaient sur la reconnaissance du sens des mots cibles. Trois post-tests immédiats et un post-test différé du même type (reconnaissance de sens) ont été effectués auprès des quatre classes de niveau scolaire supérieur (classes générales et prégymnasiales/GPG) et des deux classes de niveau scolaire inférieur (classes à exigences de base/EBA). Nos résultats confirment la supériorité des conditions avec activité ainsi qu'une différence (peu surprenante) selon le niveau scolaire. On trouve aussi une interaction entre le moment de test et condition avec plus de réponses correctes aux post-tests immédiats. La différence entre activité pré et post est cependant négligeable. Ces résultats soulignent l'importance des activités pré-/post-visionnage pour l'apprentissage de nouveaux mots en LE. Audio-visual inputs such as films and series are increasingly used in foreign language (FL) classes as they provide authentic exposure to the language. Several studies suggest they support the learning of new words, and this learning may be enhanced using pre/post-viewing activities. This study was conducted in German-speaking Switzerland and investigates the effect of presence and sequence of viewing activities on the learning of 51 target words. In a within-subjects design study, 97 beginner level L2 French students, aged 13–14, watched three excerpts from the TV series "Plan Cœur" (Netflix, 2018). The three conditions were: episode only, episode and pre-viewing activity, episode and post-viewing activity. The activities focused on recognising the meaning of target words. Three immediate and one delayed post-test of the same type (meaning recognition) were administered to four upper-level classes (general and pre-gymnasium classes/GPG) and two lower-level classes (basic requirement classes/EBA). Our results confirm the superiority of the conditions including an activity as well as an (unsurprising) difference according to school level. Results also show an interaction between test and condition with more correct responses in the immediate post-tests. The difference between pre and post activity is negligible. These results highlight the importance of pre/post-viewing activities when learning new words in FL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. The Effect of Build Angle and Artificial Aging on the Accuracy of SLA- and DLP-Printed Occlusal Devices.
- Author
-
Saadat Sarmadi, Bardia, Schmidt, Franziska, Beuer, Florian, Metin, Dilan Seda, Simeon, Philipp, Nicic, Robert, and Unkovskiy, Alexey
- Subjects
- *
TWO-way analysis of variance , *ANGLES , *THERMOCYCLING - Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of printing material, build angle, and artificial aging on the accuracy of SLA- and DLP-printed occlusal devices in comparison to each other and to subtractively manufactured devices. A total of 192 occlusal devices were manufactured by one SLA-printing and two DLP-printing methods in 5 different build angles as well as milling. The specimens were scanned and superimposed to their initial CAD data and each other to obtain trueness and precision data values. A second series of scans were performed after the specimens underwent an artificial aging simulation by thermocycling. Again, trueness and precision were investigated, and pre- and post-aging values were compared. A statistically significant influence was found for all main effects: manufacturing method, build angle, and thermocycling, confirmed by two-way ANOVA. Regarding trueness, overall tendency indicated that subtractively manufactured splints were more accurate than the 3D-printed, with mean deviation values around ±0.15 mm, followed by the DLP1 group, with ±0.25 mm at 0 degree build angle. Within the additive manufacturing methods, DLP splints had significantly higher trueness for all build angles compared to SLA, which had the highest mean deviation values, with ±0.32 mm being the truest to the original CAD file. Regarding precision, subtractive manufacturing showed better accuracy than additive manufacturing. The artificial aging demonstrated a significant influence on the dimensional accuracy of only SLA-printed splints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Self-adaptive autoscaling algorithm for SLA-sensitive applications running on the Kubernetes clusters.
- Author
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Pozdniakova, Olesia, Cholomskis, Aurimas, and Mažeika, Dalius
- Subjects
- *
COOLDOWN , *ALGORITHMS , *VELOCITY , *SELF-adaptive software - Abstract
Most existing autoscaling approaches help to avoid violating the performance-related Service Level Objectives (SLO). However, these solutions do not aim to recover the SLO. The proposed novel autoscaling solution covers both SLO violation avoidance and recovery. The SLO failure avoidance part of the solution aims to avoid SLO violations by adjusting autoscaling thresholds based on compliance with SLO. It also dynamically selects the required CPU threshold, cooldown intervals and the number of replicas based on load velocity. The recovery part of the solution aims to recover SLO by additional resource provisioning if SLO is violated due to a delay or resource underestimation. The proposed implementation of the solution targets embarrassingly parallel workloads. It is compared with two autoscaling solutions in five workload scenarios, evaluating the ability of the solution to operate close to the defined SLO values. The results show that the proposed solution provides sufficient resources to support or recover performance-based SLOs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. A Hierarchical Axiomatic Evaluation of Additive Manufacturing Equipment and the 3D Printing Process Based on Sustainability and Human Factors.
- Author
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Mendoza-Muñoz, Ismael, Montoya-Reyes, Mildrend Ivett, Maldonado-Macías, Aidé Aracely, Jacobo-Galicia, Gabriela, and Vargas-Bernal, Olivia Yessenia
- Subjects
THREE-dimensional printing ,STEREOLITHOGRAPHY ,FUSED deposition modeling ,ANALYTIC hierarchy process ,AXIOMATIC design ,3-D printers - Abstract
As interest in additive manufacturing (AM) continues to increase, it has become more important to have a robust method to help potential users select the AM process that best suits their technological needs while providing the greatest potential benefits in terms of sustainability and its effect on people. This paper presents the development of a framework for selecting the best AM process for a given application by considering both sustainability and human factors through the combination of axiomatic design and the analytic hierarchy process. Thirty-one participants with varying levels of expertise (novice and advanced users) were involved in the study, considering the frequency of 3D printer usage (novice users: never, rarely; expert users: sometimes, almost always, always) for prototyping parts. They employed fused deposition modeling (FDM) and stereolithography (SLA) (both 3D desktop printers) and collected data on five evaluation criteria. The participation of experts helped establish a novel methodology, with material cost deemed most important (49.8%), followed by cycle time (28%), energy consumption (11.7%), error rate (6.6%), and equipment noise (3.9%). The results showed that FDM was the optimal equipment option for advanced users. By examining the information content of the other options, it was found that FDM demanded less information than SLA, regardless of the user's level of expertise. The proposed method is appropriate to assess the sustainability aspect of FDM and SLA; however, it can be further improved by adding indicators such as environmental impact, recyclability, and ergonomic and occupational health factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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