1. Effects of naturalites, botanical and physical insecticides on the grain weevil Sitophilus granarius (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Author
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Jantolek, Lucija and Čačija, Maja
- Subjects
ekološki prihvatljivi insekticidi ,Sitophilus granarius ,environmentally friendly insecticides ,efficacy ,storage pests ,BIOTEHNIČKE ZNANOSTI. Poljoprivreda (agronomija) ,skladišni štetnici ,učinkovitost ,BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES. Agronomy - Abstract
U radu je istraženo djelovanje naturalita (spinosad, abamektin), botaničkih (azadiraktin, piretrin) i fizikalnih (dijatomejska zemlja, silikonski polimeri) insekticida na žitnog žiška (Sitophilus granarius (L.)). Njihov učinak uspoređen je sa standardnim insekticidom cipermetrinom. Zrno pšenice i ječma tretirano je svakim insekticidom u tri doze (preporučena doza, dvostruko veća i dvostruko manja od preporučene doze). Kao kontrola korištena je obična voda. Svaka varijanta postavljena je u četiri ponavljanja te je u svaku dodano po 10 jedinki odraslih žižaka. Smrtnost žižaka praćena je svaka 24 sata tijekom pet dana. Učinkovitost insekticida izračunata je prema formuli Schneider-Orelli, a podaci su obrađeni ANOVA-om. Najbolje rezultate na obje kulture već 24 sata od postavljanja pokusa postigli su insekticidi iz grupe naturalita (spinosad i abamektin) te piretrin. Azadiraktin se pokazao vrlo učinkovitim tek nakon pet dana od postavljanja pokusa. Dobri rezultati u suzbijanju žitnog žiška postignuti su i primjenom svih doza dijatomejske zemlje na ječmu. Silikonski polimeri pokazali su izvrsnu učinkovitost u dvostrukoj dozi od preporučene na obje tretirane kulture. Cipermetrin je najveću učinkovitost na obje kulture postigao drugi dan pokusa. Ispitivani ekološki prihvatljivi insekticidi pokazuju veliki potencijal u suzbijanju žitnog žiška na pšenici i ječmu u laboratorijskim uvjetima te bi se njihova učinkovitost trebala ispitati u uvjetima skladišnih prostora. The effect of naturalytes (spinosad, abamectin), botanical (azadirachtin, pyrethrin) and physical (diatomaceous earth, silicone polymers) insecticides on grain weevil (Sitophilus granarius (L.)) was investigated. Their effect was compared with the standard insecticide cypermethrin. Wheat and barley grains were treated with each insecticide in three doses (recommended dose, twice as high and twice as low as the recommended dose). Plain water was used as a control. Each variant was set up in four replicates and 10 adult weevils were added to each. Weevil mortality was monitored every 24 hours for five days. Insecticide efficacy was calculated according to the Schneider-Orelli formula, and data were processed by ANOVA. Insecticides from the group of naturalytes (spinosad and abamectin) and pyrethrin achieved the best results on both wheat and barley within 24 hours from the start of the experiment. Azadiractin proved to be very effective only five days after the trial started. Good results were also achieved by applying all doses of diatomaceous earth to barley. Silicone polymers showed excellent efficacy when applied in double dose on both wheat and barley. Cypermethrin achieved the highest efficacy on the second day of the experiment. The tested environmentally friendly insecticides show great potential in the control of grain weevil on wheat and barley in laboratory conditions, and their effectiveness should be tested in storage conditions.
- Published
- 2021