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Copyright of Experimental Technology & Management is the property of Experimental Technology & Management Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: Currently, there have been studies on three-dimensional digitalization and visualization systems for adult acupoints, but there are not many reports on the visualization of pediatric acupoints based on real pediatric digital sectional anatomical datasets. OBJECTIVE: To design and develop a digital three-dimensional visualization system for children’s neck acupoints, to provide a basis for acupuncture and moxibustion, meridian and acupoint science teaching, clinical practice, acupuncture manipulation practice, and acupuncture safety research, and to provide a basis for the development of children’s acupoint simulation system. METHODS: Based on a real cross-sectional anatomical dataset of pre-school boys, a three-dimensional digital virtual anatomical model of the neck region of children and internal multi-organ three-dimensional reconstruction were completed using PhotoShop 2021 and Digihuman Reconstruction System software. A database of 11 acupoints was compiled, including Fengfu and Fengchi, using the Unity database language. A three-dimensional model of children’s neck anatomy, acupoint database, and writing acupuncture operation codes were integrated in Unity3D software. A three-dimensional digital visualization system for children’s neck acupoints was successfully created, which integrated simulation acupoint positioning, three-dimensional acupoint anatomy, acupuncture training, clinical teaching, and acupuncture safety research. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) This study was based on real child specimens. Manual layer by layer segmentation of cross-sectional images was used to ensure the accuracy of the three-dimensional model to the greatest extent possible. The 3D software Digihuman Reconstruction System was utilized to extract and save independent segmentation data. PhotoShop 2021 software was collaborated with to complete dozens of three-dimensional reconstruction anatomical models of the outer skin of the neck and its internal bone structure, cervical spinal cord, blood vessels and nerves, muscles, and ligaments in children. The basic morphology and overall contour integrity verification of each independent structure were completed in MeshLab software. The 3-material research 13.0 software was applied for final fine tuning and anatomical position confirmation, successfully simulating and restoring the true anatomical morphology of the neck of preschool children. (2) Based on and referring to the national standards of the People’s Republic of China, a database of commonly used acupoints in children’s neck region was collected and organized, including their names, meridians, positioning, local anatomy, needle insertion levels, acupuncture methods, acupuncture accidents and prevention, acupoint indications, and two-dimensional anatomical sectional images. (3) Unity3D software was employed to integrate the three-dimensional model of children’s neck, acupuncture simulation operation, and acupoint database, and a three-dimensional digital children’s neck acupoint acupuncture visualization system was successfully constructed. The system displayed information on children’s neck acupoints, two-dimensional and three-dimensional anatomical structures, and achieved two-dimensional and three-dimensional acupuncture simulation functions and acupuncture safety research functions for children’s neck acupoints. Based on the ultra-thin sectional anatomical dataset of real child specimens, the first three-dimensional digital and visualization system for acupoints in the neck region of children had been constructed. Compared with previous acupoint acupuncture systems, it is more in line with the anatomical and morphological development characteristics of Asian children and has high application value in the fields of acupuncture safety research, clinical teaching, and acupuncture simulation training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to study the application of virtual simulation technology in the measurement of subway train tracking performance. Firstly, the safety braking model required by virtual reconnection technology is discussed around the operation simulation and performance measurement of virtual reconnection. The two trains are combined into "one virtual reconnection train set", the tracking train and the head train run with relative moving block, and the two run with the front train set with moving block. Then, according to the characteristics of Metro train tracking operation, a virtual reconnection model and an improved station tracking model are proposed for the bottleneck area of the station. Finally, the proposed model is verified by numerical calculation and computer simulation modeling. The simulation results reproduce the dynamic characteristics of train flow during metro train operation. The results show that the departure interval and minimum tracking interval of the train are all 58 s. The improved station tracking model has the moderate passing capacity as the relative moving block, and the virtual reconnection model has the largest passing capacity. After the initial delay of the system, the delay recovery ability of the virtual reconnection model is the strongest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The river system in the Pearl River Delta river network is complex with numerous embankments, among which the Zhongshun Dawei river system has the most complex structure and the greatest difficulty in the joint dispatching of sluices and pumps. In order to fully explore the potential of joint dispatching of water projects in controlling water quantity and quality, this paper took Zhongshun Dawei as the research object, constructed a one-dimensional hydrodynamic-water quality coupling model for Zhongshun Dawei, and simulated water quantity and quality processes within the embankment under various dispatching schemes of sluices and pumps. On this basis, a joint optimization dispatching model for sluices and pumps was established to achieve the optimal decision-making of dispatching schemes under different water diversion conditions. Finally, based on the simulation and dispatching models of water quantity and quality, a water quantity and quality dispatching simulation system for the Zhongshun Dawei river network was developed, which realized the simulation of hydrodynamic characteristics of Zhongshun Dawei, the dynamic simulation of pollutant concentration and water quality changes, the emergency dispatching of water pollution, and the visualization of the process. A water quantity and quality simulation and control technology system based on joint optimization dispatching of sluices and pumps under the connection of the Zhongshun Dawei river system was formed. Based on the system, two typical scenarios were analyzed, and the results show that in the case of optimization dispatching, the weighted concentrations of COD and NH3-N at the end of the dispatching period are improved by 10.26% and 27.27%, respectively, compared with the case without optimization dispatching. These findings demonstrate the significant dispatching effects and provide reliable technical support for water quantity and quality dispatching decision-making in the Zhongshun Dawei region.

Copyright of Telecommunication Engineering is the property of Telecommunication Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: Nowadays, there are increasing reports on the digitization and visualization system of acupuncture points for adults in traditional Chinese medicine, and the digitization and visualization system of acupuncture points for children in traditional Chinese medicine and the simulation system of acupuncture manipulation for Mongolian medicine training have been reported. However, there are no reports on relevant systems for children in Mongolian medicine. OBJECTIVE: To develop a simulation system of acupuncture points for children in Mongolian medicine, in the hope that it can be used for clinical teaching, manipulation practice and research on acupuncture safety. METHODS: Based on the tomographic anatomical dataset of preschool boys, a three-dimensional (3D) digital virtual anatomical model of children with multiple internal organs and tissues was constructed by using PhotoShop.2021 and Digihuman Reconstruction System software. The relevant annotation information database of 27 acupoints such as Dinghui acupoint of Mongolian medicine was compiled by the Unity database language. The Mongolian gold needle and silver needle were selected to record the acupuncture point teaching video on the 3D printed head and neck resin model of children. In Unity3D software, children’s anatomical model, acupoint annotation information database and acupuncture operation video were integrated and coded, and a 3D digital children’s Mongolian acupuncture acupoint visualization system integrating simulation acupuncture training, clinical teaching and acupuncture safety research was successfully created. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: This study was based on real children’s specimens. In order to reduce the error of two-dimensional segmentation, the manual layer-by-layer segmentation section image method was used to ensure the accuracy of the 3D model to the greatest extent. The Digihuman Reconstruction System was used to extract and save the individual segmentation data while maximizing the accuracy of the 3D model. PhotoShop.2021 software was used to complete the 3D reconstruction of the outer skin of the head and neck of children and the internal bony structure, cervical spinal cord, blood vessels and nerves, muscles and ligaments. After 3D reconstruction, the basic morphology of each independent structure and the integrity of the overall contour were verified in MeshLab software and the final fine adjustment and anatomical position confirmation were conducted using 3-matic research 13.0 software. The real anatomical morphology of the head and neck of preschool children was successfully simulated and restored. Unity3D software was used to integrate the 3D model of children, acupuncture operation video and acupoint annotation database, and the 3D digital Mongolian acupuncture acupoint visualization system for children was successfully constructed. Based on the real continuous fault ultra-thin dataset of preschool boys in China, China’s first 3D digitization and visualization system of acupuncture points in the head and neck of children in Mongolian medicine was developed. Compared with the previous acupuncture soft works, this system is more suitable for the anatomical morphological development characteristics of Asian children, and has a high value of application in the fields of research on the safety of acupuncture in Mongolian medicine, clinical teaching and acupuncture simulation training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unlike other marketing strategies, sporting goods marketing strategies are affected by the fragility and randomness of marketing data, resulting in more restrictive factors. To improve the economic benefits of sporting goods enterprises, the design of sporting goods marketing strategy simulation system based on multi-agent technology was proposed. Based on the LMZ10503 circuit, ADP2164 circuit, and ADP1755 circuit, the rectifier is the power supply. The hardware design of the system is completed by combining the design of the marketing strategy acquisition card module and the sporting goods marketing strategy simulator module. In the software design of the system, according to the evaluation results of the logic degree of the sports marketing strategy simulation node, the logic degree of the marketing strategy simulation node is optimized. The multi-agent technology is used to implement the multi-agent modeling of the marketing strategy, and the simulation of the sports marketing strategy is realized by generating the marketing strategy simulation signal. The test results show that the sports equipment market marketing strategy simulation system based on multi-agent technology has successfully simulated the marketing strategy of sports equipment and achieved exciting results. Through the application of this system, sales volume and profit margin have increased to 900,000 units and 90% respectively. These results validate the potential of the system in optimizing marketing strategies and improving economic benefits, and provide strong reference and guidance for the sports equipment industry. Further promotion and application of this system is expected to help enterprises develop more accurate and scientific marketing strategies, achieve higher sales volume and profit margins, and thus promote the sustainable development and competitive advantage of the enterprise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pearl River is the property of Pearl River Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

[Objective] In order to improve the visualization and interactivity of the vehicle simulation system in rail transit, a digital twin simulation platform of rail transit vehicle is built based on VR (virtual reality) technology. [Method] Through the hierarchical construction method for digital twin 3D model and mechanism model of rail transit vehicles, and the hierarchical association mapping method, the fusion of 3D model and mechanism model is realized, and the digital twin 3D physical model is coupled and generated. On this basis, a digital twin simulation system and the system construction method for rail transit are proposed. With a metro vehicle and its operating line in Qingdao as the research object, the effectiveness of the digital twin simulation system is verified through the VR platform and the train automatic driving control algorithm. [Result & Conclusion] The test results show that the error between the actual running speed and the control running speed is within ±1.5 km/h, proving the validity of the model. The construction method of digital twin simulation platform for rail transit vehicles provides a new technical idea for improving the visualization and interactivity of the vehicle simulation system in rail transit.

In recent years, headphones have become increasingly popular worldwide. There are numerous models on the market today, varying in technical characteristics and offering different listening experiences. This article presents an application for simulating the sound response of specific headphone models by physically wearing others. In the future, for example, this application could help to guide people who already own a pair of headphones during the decision-making process of purchasing a new headphone model. However, the potential fields of application are much broader. An in-depth study of digital signal processing was carried out with the implementation of a computational model. Prior to this, an analysis was performed on impulse response measurements of specific headphones, which allowed for a better understanding of the behavior of each set of headphones. Finally, an evaluation of the entire system was conducted through a listening test. The analysis of the results showed that the software works reasonably well in replicating the target headphones. We hope that this work will stimulate further efforts in the same direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the lack of simulation test means for unmanned equipment at the firing range, this paper designs a simulation test training system for unmanned vehicle motion control based on CoppeliaSim simulation software and on the basis of the construction of unmanned vehicle dynamics model and motion model, and constructs three controllers, PID, synovium and fuzzy PID. The Navmesh routing algorithm is selected to realize the path planning of the unmanned boat simulation platform. The system fills the gap in the simulation test of unmanned equipment at the firing range, solves the problem of the lack of simulation training means of unmanned boat, and can provide basic support for the digital test evaluation of unmanned equipment.

Crane scheduling tasks in steelworks are a matter of uncertainty scheduling with certain probability distribution pattern. To better schedule tasks with this feature, this paper proposes a Dynamic Area Allocation (DAA)-based crane scheduling model according to the following steps. First, Bayesian network, according to the time sequence of crane transportation tasks, is constructed. Then, conditional probability for each network node on the basis of actual crane operating data is calculated for getting the corresponding time–space probability distribution, and then obtaining the spatial distribution by superposing of all crane transportation tasks in the space domain at certain time. At last, tasks are assigned to cranes based on their spatial distribution and the equal probability partition. Simulation testing on the scheduling model is carried out using practical crane transportation tasks in steelworks. Results show that the model based on the dynamic area allocation, with its scheduling period of 15 min, can greatly shorten transportation time and reduce times of collision resulted from crane interference, after compared with the current widely used crane scheduling programme based on the fixed area allocation (FAA). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To overcome the shortcomings of plowing and rotary tillage, a human-like weeding shoveling machine was designed. The machine's various moving rods were analyzed using Matlab R2019b(9.7.0.1190202) software to determine the appropriate entry and cutting conditions, as well as non-cutting conditions. It was concluded that a θ2 of 90° was optimal for cutting the soil and that the shoveling depth was suitable for greenhouse weeding. The Adams and DEM coupled discrete element simulation system was developed for this machine and was used to analyze the rotating shaft torque and shovel bending moment. A strain measurement system based on strain gauges was designed to measure the rotating shaft torque and shovel bar bending moment. A bending moment and torque measurement system was designed to perform field measurement tests for comparison with simulation results. The simulation system's rotating shaft had an average torque error of 6.26%, while the shovel rod's bending moment had an average error of 5.43%. The simulation accuracy was within the acceptable error range. Table U8 (81 × 44) of the Uniform Design of the Mixing Factor Level for the Homogeneous Virtual Simulation Test includes eight levels of forward machine speed ranging from 0.1 to 0.45 m/s and four levels of output shaft speed ranging from 90 to 165 r/min. Crank lengths were set at four levels ranging from 155 to 185 mm, while shovel lengths were set at four levels ranging from 185 to 230 mm. Four types of shovel shapes were proposed, including pointed curved shovels, pointed straight shovels, straight-edged curved shovels, and straight-edged straight shovels. A mathematical model was created via a regression analysis of the results of coupled simulation tests to establish the relationship between shaft torque and shovel rod bending moment, tool advance speed, shaft speed, crank length, tool length, and tool shape. The model was used to determine the optimum working parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global navigation satellite system radio occultation (GNSS-RO) is an important means of space-based meteorological observation. It is necessary to test the Global Navigation Satellite System Occultation signal receiver on the ground before the deployment of space-based occultation detection systems. The current approach of testing the GNSS signal receiver on the ground is mainly the mountaintop-based testing approach, which has problems such as high cost and large simulation error. In order to overcome the limitations of the mountaintop-based test approach, this paper proposes an accurate, repeatable, and controllable GNSS atmospheric occultation simulation system and builds a load performance evaluation approach based on the ground-based GNSS atmospheric occultation simulation system on the basis of it. The GNSS atmospheric occultation simulation system consists of the visualization and interaction module, the GNSS-RO simulation signal generation module, the GNSS-RO simulator module, the GNSS-RO signal receiver module, and the GNSS-RO inversion and evaluation module, combined with the preset atmospheric model to generate GNSS-RO simulation signals with a high degree of simulation, and comparing the atmospheric parameters of the inversion performance of the GNSS-RO signal receiver with the parameters of the preset atmospheric model to obtain the error data. The overall performance of the GNSS-RO signal receiver can be evaluated based on the error information. The novel approach to evaluate the GNSS-RO signal receiver performance proposed in this paper is validated by using the FY-3E (FengYun-3E) receiver qualification parts that have been verified in orbit, and the results confirm that the approach can meet the requirements of the GNSS-RO receiver performance test. This study shows that the novel approach to evaluate the GNSS-RO signal receiver performance in terms of the ground-based atmospheric occultation simulation system can efficiently and accurately be used to carry out the receiver test and provides an effective solution for the ground-based test of GNSS-RO signal receivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Command Control & Simulation / Zhihui Kongzhi yu Fangzhen is the property of Command Control & Simulation Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the era of big data information digitization, digital terrain editing technology is an important research content in the virtual geographic environment, 3D landscape simulation system, which has significant value in digital planning and design practice of cities and villages, regional road networks, and landscape gardens. This paper focuses on deep learning-based digital terrain interactive editing technology for landscape planning and design. Firstly, it introduces the concept and principle of digital terrain interactive editing technology, constructs the model and terrain interactive editing algorithm, and then analyzes three systems’ digital geography interactive data from two aspects of accuracy and convergence. The results show that A system planning digital landscape garden landscape accuracy, planning accuracy, and convergence are small, and the planning accuracy reaches a minimum of 88% and a maximum of 95%. The intersection reaches a minimum of 75% and a maximum of 87%. Compared with the other two systems are high, so it can be seen that the digital interactive terrain editing for landscape planning of this design has high planning accuracy and convergence. Digital interactive editing technology is developing rapidly in China’s landscape architecture discipline research and professional practice applications. It has shown excellent development potential and application value in the landscape planning and design industry. This study improves the accuracy and efficiency of digital interactive editing technology and has great historical significance for the development and progress of the Chinese architectural design industry.

The command and control system, as the “central nervous system” of the military combat forces, directly affects the combat effectiveness of the troops and plays a vital role in the success or failure of the combat. Based on the characteristics and requirements of military command, this paper constructs a simulation control system for military command based on a system dynamics model. It discusses the setting of relevant essential parameters. Simulation system analysis results show that the red side uses the simulation system for command business processing times to obtain an advantage in military combat. The military combat victory was achieved by losing about one-third of the combat force (333C) on the 29th day. In addition, the rate of military coordination in the simulation system is positively proportional to the number of correctly arranged combatants, and the rate of military intelligence collection has a more significant impact on the completeness of the development of military command programs in the initial period. The simulation system proposed in this paper can meet the needs of military command and control systems.

Copyright of Chinese Medical Equipment Journal is the property of Chinese Medical Equipment Journal Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the case of airlines recovering from flight delays, resources are indirectly linked to each other through the flight plan, and it is difficult to ensure the overall feasibility and global optimization of the recovery solution if each decision‑making department considers the recovery of resources in its own area. This paper proposes a multi‑agent simulation method for flight recovery in order to investigate the decision models of the departments and their collaborative relationship in the airline flight recovery process. Firstly, the framework of flight recovery multi‑agent system is constructed based on the actual organizational structure of the airline. Then, the whole process of delay recovery is divided into three stages： Pre‑recovery, feasible solution negotiation and balanced solution negotiation, and a three‑stage collaborative decision‑making mechanism is constructed. Finally, the core decision model of each department agent is developed according to the recovery characteristics of different resources, and the multi‑agent auto‑negotiation model is established based on the collaborative decision mechanism. The simulation results show that the multi‑agent based collaborative decision‑making method can produce a complete delay recovery plan in 3.8 s for a flight schedule consisting of three aircrafts and twelve flights in one day, and it can balance the local interests of each decision maker to a certain extent while safeguarding the overall benefits of the airline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the evolution of industrial technology, the role of valves in multifarious systems has been accentuated. Traditional methodologies for valve design and fabrication predominantly depended on tangible laboratory tests to ascertain their hydrodynamic and thermodynamic properties. Such methodologies, although resource-intensive, often fall short in accurately predicting valve performance under genuine operational environments due to inherent experimental limitations. Presented in this study is a simulation system for valve design that seamlessly integrates virtual reality with fluid dynamics. This system's primary objective is the emulation and comprehensive assessment of valves' hydrodynamic and thermodynamic responses under a variety of operational conditions within a virtual environment. Such an approach considerably diminishes both the temporal and monetary costs of testing and provides design engineers with an intuitive, precise feedback mechanism. This, in turn, fosters enhanced design strategies ensuring the efficiency and safety of valve operations. Moreover, the amalgamation of thermodynamic principles with fluid dynamics models has been elucidated, proffering a more solid theoretical framework for the efficient design and pragmatic application of valves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transition to a new reference period of 1991–2020 requires updating the estimates of agroclimatic resources in agricultural regions. The paper summarizes the results of the annual monitoring of agroclimatic conditions over 1961–1990 and 1991–2020 obtained by both the statistical analysis and the Climate–Soil–Yield simulation system and provides their comparative evaluation. It has been noted that along with growing aridity of the most fertile areas of the steppe and forest-steppe zones, there is an almost universal growth of spring precipitation, which compensates to some extent the negative impact of high summer temperatures on the yield. A significant decrease in the climate-driven productivity of spring wheat from the period of 1961–1990 to the new reference period of 1991–2020 has been revealed for the main grain-producing regions. Estimates of productivity trends for major grain crops, spring and winter wheat, are given in connection with climate change and the development of agricultural technologies. Estimates of changes in the wintering indices and sown areas for winter wheat are also given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Computer Measurement & Control is the property of Magazine Agency of Computer Measurement & Control and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Fringe projection profilometry (FPP) plays an important role in the quality control of complex surface workpieces. Simulation using realistic image synthesis referring to physical sensors provide valid measures for the design and optimization of FPP systems. In the simulation of FPP, ray tracing can simulate the fringe image acquisition process, considering the comprehensive influence of light source, camera and object attributes. Therefore, a measurement simulation system of FPP based on ray tracing is developed in this paper. The simulation model and measurement principle of FPP are introduced. On this basis, the methodology of simulating camera imaging by ray tracing is proposed, including scene construction, ray generation and gray value calculation. Principle experiments are carried to verify the accuracy and efficiency of simulation system, and comparative experiments are conducted for demonstrating its reproducibility to physical system. The proposed system provides a convenient and accurate mean for analyzing measurement errors and optimizing inspection strategy.

An effective autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) simulation system can greatly improve development efficiency and reduce the cost and risk of actual equipment operation. In this paper, a comprehensive simulation system is developed using Mission Oriented Operating Suite (MOOS) and Unreal Engine 4 (UE4). The former provides an open-source development framework and application components, which are widely used in the field of underwater robots. The latter is a well-known game development engine that has realistic effects and various plugins. As far as we know, there are few simulation systems based on MOOS and UE4. Moreover, a modular architecture for the simulation system is designed and implemented in the paper. The developed system consists of four subsystems, including the simulation editing and controlling subsystem, shore-based operation subsystem, simulation engine subsystem, and three-dimensional (3D) visualization subsystem. These subsystems have modular characteristics and independent functions and communicate with each other through network sockets. Through the system, users can customize simulation scenarios, send missions and control simulation progress from the graphic user interface. And the system can be used in operation training, software testing, algorithm verification of AUV, etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Systems Engineering & Electronics is the property of Journal of Systems Engineering & Electronics Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The space-air-ground integrated network is the inevitable trend of 6G development in the future.A set of verifi cation simulation system was designed and set up for the micro-service new network architecture of space-air-ground integrated network in 6G.A four-layer simulation system architecture was proposed, included access user layer, radio unit-distributed unit (RU-DU) layer, NFV case management layer and micro-service network element layer.The whole process of network topology establishment, user registration, session establishment and communication case simulation could be realized, which embodied the function of service-oriented network element.Three basic simulation communication cases, namely communication between users, handover management and session management, were designed, and the feasibility of the new network architecture was verifi ed by the handover management case, which laid the engineering foundation for the iterative evolution of network architecture.

With the development of unmanned system technology,the coordination control of multiple unmanned systems has been widely concerned.Designing a reasonable coordination model is an important research content of multiple unmanned systems,but existing coordination models have security problems in the open network environment.Based on the analysis of the deficiencies of existing models,a coordination model RCC of multiple unmanned systems with security characteristics is proposed.RCC model introduces logic rules in the coordination process to provide the legality of terminals and the authority control of the communication parties,and ensures the security of multiple unmanned systems.Finally,based on ROS and RCC model,a coordination simulation platform for multiple unmanned vehicles is built,in which experiment scenes of navigation and obstacle avoi-dance are designed.Simulation results verify the practicability and security of RCC model.

[Display omitted] • Epigallocatechin and epicatechin are favorable for red pigments formation. • Organic acids are unfavorable to the formation of red pigments. • Reducing pH, dephenolization and chelating agents are not conducive to red pigments. • The formation of red pigment in red sup belongs to non-enzymatic Browning reaction. • The chelation of iron-polyphenols may be unfavorable to the formation of red pigment. Lotus rhizome soup, renowned as a unique delicacy made from lotus rhizome, is cherished by many consumers. However, the varying colors of soup are sure to influence individuals' appetites. This research focused on the Miancheng lotus Rhizome (MLR) and Elian No. 6 lotus rhizome (ELR) to investigate the relationship between the variations in polyphenols, organic acids and iron levels in MLR and ELR soups during the cooking process. The findings indicated that cooking MLR for 12 min resulted in a red soup with a * value of 8.65 ± 0.12, whereas the soup made from ELR remained white with a * value of 3.43 ± 0.08. The correlation analysis results indicated that polyphenols, specifically epigallocatechin (0.0169 ± 0.00029 μg/100 mL FW after cooking for 12 min) and epicatechin (0.0211 ± 0.00047 μg/100 mL FW after cooking for 12 min), exhibited a significant positive relationship with a * (p < 0.05). Moreover, lowering the pH, removing polyphenols and incorporating metal-chelating agents can also prevent the development of red pigment. The analysis from HPLC-MS, UV–Vis, FT-IR spectra and ESI-Q-TOF-MS indicated that the development of the red soup color involved i) the generation of epicatechin gallate through the enantiomeric reaction of epigallocatechin, ii) the co-chromic red interaction between anthocyanin cations and catechol structures, and iii) the formation of polyphenol oligomers (i.e. , procyanidin A2, (+)-procyanidin B2, procyanidin C1 and prodelphinidin B4) due to heating, while the creation of phenol-iron chelates could inhibit the development of red coloration. In sum, this research introduces a new idea for managing the color of lotus rhizome soup and similar soup products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rising demand for renewable energy supply in standalone computing devices has led to the emergence of vibration energy harvesting (VEH) to overcome technical and environmental challenges. For instance, VEH is desirable in IoT scenarios where maintaining a battery supply is non-sustainable or impractical due to many devices or remote circumstances. VEH can be environmentally friendly given that it reduces the reliance on traditional battery production and usage, thus reducing the carbon footprint and chemical waste in disposable batteries. However, a significant hurdle in VEH adoption is the lack of effective simulation tools for generating various application scenarios to describe, validate, or predict the efficacy of the VEH-based devices. It is necessary for designing and implementing a VEH simulator for a variety of realistic application scenarios. Being the first of its kind, this study presents a scenario-customizable and visual-rendering VEH simulation system based on the Unity3D Engine. The proposed simulator features a modular design that consists of several key functional components including vibration scenarios' creation and manipulation, VEH model specification, Unity-Python Co-computing mechanism, and 3D visualization. This paper also presents two AI-based case studies leveraging the functionality and data provided by the simulator to demonstrate its potential for data-driven research and applications. • Vibrational energy harvesting greatly depends on largely random environmental variations. • A Unity3D-based energy harvesting environment and device simulator is developed to capture the environmental randomness. • AI-based vibrational energy harvesting prediction is made possible by data generated and collected from such simulator. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]