1. The use of carbonate-silica rock (opoka) to remove iron, manganese and indicator bacteria from groundwater
- Author
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Marzec Michał, Pieńko Agata, Gizińska-Górna Magdalena, Pytka Aneta, Jóźwiakowski Krzysztof, Sosnowska Bożena, Kamińska Agnieszka, and Listosz Agnieszka
- Subjects
groundwater ,iron removal ,manganese removal ,silica-carbonate rock ,water treatment ,River, lake, and water-supply engineering (General) ,TC401-506 ,Irrigation engineering. Reclamation of wasteland. Drainage ,TC801-978 - Abstract
The study investigated the efficiency of removal of iron, manganese and indicator bacteria from potable groundwater by using carbonate-silica rock (opoka). The tests were performed in a laboratory in three filter columns supplied with water containing increased concentrations of iron and manganese. Two of the columns were filled with carbonate-silica rock with particle sizes of 2-5 mm; retention time for water in the columns was set at 1 h and 2 h. A third column was filled with 1-2 mm rock particles, with hydraulic retention time set at 1 h. High removal efficiencies were determined for iron, manganese and coliform bacteria and low removal efficiencies for psychro- and mesophilic bacteria. An increase in the alkalinity of the investigated water was also observed.
- Published
- 2017
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