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15 results on '"side crash"'

1. 侧面碰撞工况下车门封板抗压能力试验研究.

Author

郑波, 郭文浩, 朱晓怡, and 傅启晟

Subjects
AIR resistance, AIR pressure, TEMPERATURE
Abstract

Copyright of Automotive Engineer (1674-6546) is the property of Auto Engineering Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2023
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2. A study on collision characteristic of center-pillar with CR420 and hot stamped steel during side crash simulation.

Author

Lee, M. S.

Subjects
TRAFFIC safety, CRASH testing, TRAFFIC accidents, HIGH strength steel, SAFETY standards
Abstract

Many car components have been fabricated with different materials to improve collision toughness and safety during a car crash. However, as yet, no evaluation standard has been established that evaluates the replacement of auto parts. The standard must take into consideration mechanical properties of tensile and bending. A car crash test was conducted by the IIHS (Insurance Institute for Highway Safety) standard to evaluate safety, but it is expensive and hard to evaluate collision toughness for each car component. In this study, the side crash test was conducted by simulation and the collision characteristic of the center-pillar was evaluated. The center-pillar with CR420 was changed to HPF material. The absorbed energy and intrusion displacement during a side crash were compared to measure collision characteristic between CR420 and HPF. The result showed that the HPF was a feasible alternative material to enhance the collision characteristics and lighten weight of car component. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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3. Mathematical Model Validated by a Crash Test to be Used as Kinematic and Dynamic Study for Side Impacts.

Author

Radu, Alexandru Ionut, Toganel, George Radu, and Trusca, Daniel Dragos

Subjects
*CRASH testing, *MATHEMATICAL models, *TORSO, *KINEMATICS
Abstract

The aim of this paper was to develop a mathematical model for the study of the kinematic parameters of an occupant and vehicle during a side impact crash. The proposed model has three bodies (the vehicle, the occupant torso and head) that are interconnected to each other by joints, springs and dampers. Also, the head-to-window contact force is taken into account in order to obtain accurate results for the occupant kinematic injury assessment. The model was designed using a CAD-CAE software, with a flexibility determined by a total of 63 input parameters and 10 selected output parameters. The model has shown positive results with a high degree of similarity to a crash test, overlapping with a margin of error within under 5 % for an impact simulation time of 300 ms. After validation, a number of parameters could be obtained from the model such as the linear and angular displacement of the torso, head and vehicle that can be used to study the side collision kinematics and dynamics. During the simulation, a displacement of 2 m for the vehicle was registered while a force of 3500 N was reached for the head-to-window contact, for a vehicle-to-vehicle initial collision velocity of 11.6 m/s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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4. Study of automotive side sill/rocker by using carbon fibre reinforced polymer tubes.

Author

Pillai, Balaji, Rao, C. Lakshmana, Kulkarni, Naresh, and Pattanaik, Dusmanta

Subjects
CRASHWORTHINESS of automobiles, CARBON fiber-reinforced plastics, COMPUTER simulation of traffic accidents, BENDING strength, IMPACT loads, QUASISTATIC processes
Abstract

Vehicle side crash is a critical crash event where the vehicle is crashed by a movable car or vehicle may hit a tree or pole. Minimising the intrusion into the occupant space is important to protect the occupant. In side pole crash, vehicle rocker (sill) plays an important role in resisting the load due to the crash. The objective is to study the functional performance and potential mass reduction in the vehicle sill/rocker area by use of carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) tubes. The study is divided into three parts. First part investigates the behaviour of CFRP square section tubes in a three-point quasi-static bending in comparison to conventional steel structure using finite element method. By keeping the resistance force offered by a steel section as the baseline resistance value, different combination of CFRP tubes and metal holding brackets are evaluated and compared with the baseline. In the second part, CFRP tube is simulated in dynamic three-point bending test and compared with quasi-static simulations in order to check the influence of inertial effects on the CFRP tube behaviour. In the third part, the best performing design variants from the three-point quasi-static bending simulations are used in the sill or rocker of a vehicle and evaluated in full vehicle US NCAP pole impact load case. The full vehicle crash simulations for side pole impact is compared between the baseline with the steel reinforcement and design variants with the CFRP tube. Resistance force levels, intrusion and structural integrity are the key parameters on which this comparison is made. It is concluded that using CFRP tubes does not reduce the performance in terms of structural integrity and intrusion levels in typical side crash scenario like a US NCAP side pole impact. It can also be concluded that there is potential for mass reduction. Further investigation into the assembly feasibility is suggested as future work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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6. Improved side impact car safety : New IIHS side crash regulation, effect on product design

Author

Bäckman, Andreas and Bäckman, Andreas

Abstract

23% of passenger vehicle occupant deaths in 2019 was side-impact collisions and is a ongoing problem that continues to take people’s lives (IIHS, 2021a). IIHS (Insurance Institute for Highway Safety) is an organization based in USA, which performs vehicle crash tests with the goal of making cars safer and reducing deaths and injuries. In 2023, a new, tougher side crash test will be introduced by IIHS in the USA to tackle those crashes and save lives. The goal for IIHS with their vehicle tests is to urge the car manufacturers to make safer vehicles. Manufacturers in the automotive industry knows that the customers are using the ratings as a guide before buying a vehicle, which forces them to adapt the vehicles to pass the tests and have a good rating. In early crash tests with the updated side crash test, a lot of vehicles from a selection of different manufacturers struggled to pass the test requirements and it seems like the new test requires change of component strength and design. This is a master thesis project in Industrial Design Engineering with the focus on Product Design, at Luleå University of Technology (LTU), and has been performed on behalf of Gestamp HardTech at their R&D department in Luleå, Sweden. The early parts project focused on finding which car components has the largest influence of the crash result, where the components might need to be reinforced or having less strength. To help simulating the side crash, full vehicle side-impact crash simulations were used in this project with a virtual reference FEM car made by Gestamp, GLAB G3 EV. This project has been using the CDIO-design process, which stands for Conceive, Design, Implement and Operate. In the first phase, Conceive, simulations were made and the current IIHS side crash test was compared with the new IIHS test. The left-side side-impact beams was chosen as the components to trying to improve in the project. Creative methods in the Design-phase were generated ideas, which was 3D C, 23% av dödsfallen i passagerarfordon under 2019 var sidokrockar och är ett pågående problem som fortsätter att ta människors liv (IIHS, 2021a). IIHS (Insurance Institute for Highway Safety) är en organisation som är baserad i USA som utför fordonskrocktester med målet att göra bilar säkrare och minska dödsfall och skador. 2023 kommer ett nytt, tuffare sidokrocktest att introduceras av IIHS i USA för att tackla dessa krascher med målet att rädda fler liv. Målet för IIHS med sina fordonstester är att uppmana biltillverkarna att göra säkrare fordon. Tillverkare inom fordonsindustrin vet att kunderna använder betygen som vägledning innan de köper ett fordon, vilket tvingar dem att anpassa bilarna för att klara testerna och få ett bra testbetyg. I tidiga krocktester med det uppdaterade IIHS sidokrocktestet hade många bilar från ett flertal biltillverkare för att klara testkraven och det verkar som om det nya testet kräver förändring av styrka och design i bilens komponenter. Detta är ett examensarbete i Civilingenjör Teknisk Design med inriktning på produkt design vid Luleå Tekniska Universitet (LTU), och har utförts på uppdrag av Gestamp HardTech vid deras FoU-avdelning i Luleå, Sverige. Början av projektet fokuserade på att hitta vilka bilkomponenter som har störst inverkan på krockresultatet, ta reda på var komponenterna kan behöva förstärkas eller ha mindre styrka. För att hjälpa till att simulera sidokrocken användes helbilssidokrocksimuleringar i detta projekt med hjälp av en virtuell FEM-bil tillverkad av Gestamp, GLAB G3 EV. Detta projekt har använt CDIO-designprocessen, som står för Conceive, Design, Implement och Operate. I den första fasen, Conceive, gjordes simuleringar och det nuvarande IIHS sidokrocktestet jämfördes med det nya IIHS testet. De två sidokrock-skydden på vänstra sidan av bilen valdes som komponenter att försöka förbättra i projektet. Kreativa metoder i Design-fasen genererade idéer, som 3D CAD modellerades i CATIA V5 och testades med trepunkts

Published
2022

7. Coupling Uncertainty Quantifications of the B-Pillar Stamping Process and the Side Crash using Machine Learning

Author

Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Enginyeria Civil i Ambiental, Rossi, Riccardo, Díez, Pedro, Börst, Andino Raymond, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Enginyeria Civil i Ambiental, Rossi, Riccardo, Díez, Pedro, and Börst, Andino Raymond

Abstract

Les proves de xoc a la indústria automotriu són essencials per verificar l'equip de seguretat d'un vehicle i, per tant, són extremadament exigents. Moltes variables, que sorgeixen per les toleràncies de fabricació, causen incertesa en els resultats d'aquestes proves de xoc altament complexes. Atès que una prova de xoc és tan costosa d'emular i les simulacions són massa costoses des del punt de vista computacional per executar simulacions de Monte-Carlo en elles, calen altres alternatives per quantificar aquesta incertesa en les proves de xoc. L'algorisme AQUA utilitza diferents tècniques d'aprenentatge automàtic per quantificar la incertesa d'una prova de xoc amb les simulacions FEM de l'escenari donat i fa una anàlisi de sensibilitat per als paràmetres corresponents. En aquesta tesi s'aborden característiques addicionals a l'algorisme original. A més de l'aplicació a la prova de col·lisió lateral d'un vehicle fictici, l'algorisme també s'utilitza en el procés d'estampació del pilar B del vehicle per obtenir més detalls sobre el mapatge de gruixos d'aquesta part. El resultat de l'anàlisi del procés d'estampació es combina posteriorment amb la simulació de col·lisió lateral del vehicle fictici per incloure una representació més realista del gruix al model de col·lisió lateral., Las pruebas de choque en la industria automotriz son esenciales para verificar el equipo de seguridad de un vehículo y, por lo tanto, son extremadamente exigentes. Muchas variables, que surgen debido a las tolerancias de fabricación, causan incertidumbre en los resultados de estas pruebas de choque altamente complejas. Dado que una prueba de choque es tan costosa de emular y las simulaciones son demasiado costosas desde el punto de vista computacional para ejecutar simulaciones de Monte-Carlo en ellas, se necesitan otras alternativas para cuantificar esta incertidumbre en las pruebas de choque. El algoritmo AQUA utiliza diferentes técnicas de aprendizaje automático para cuantificar la incertidumbre de una prueba de choque con las simulaciones FEM del escenario dado y realiza un análisis de sensibilidad para los parámetros correspondientes. En esta tesis se abordan características adicionales al algoritmo original. Además de la aplicación en la prueba de colisión lateral de un vehículo ficticio, el algoritmo también se utiliza en el proceso de estampado del pilar B del vehículo para obtener más detalles sobre el mapeo de espesores de esta parte. El resultado del análisis del proceso de estampado se combina posteriormente con la simulación de colisión lateral del vehículo ficticio para incluir una representación más realista del grosor en el modelo de colisión lateral., Crash tests in the automotive industry are essential to check a vehicle's safety equipment and are therefore extremely demanding. A lot of variables, that arise due to manufacturing tolerances, cause uncertainty in the results of these highly complex crash tests. With a crash test being so expensive to emulate and simulations being too computationally expensive to run Monte-Carlo simulations on them, other alternatives are needed to quantify this uncertainty in the crash tests. The AQUA algorithm uses different machine learning techniques to quantify the uncertainty of a crash test with the FEM simulations of the given scenario and do a sensitivity analysis for the corresponding parameters. Additional features to the original algorithm are addressed in this thesis. In addition to the application on the side crash test of a dummy vehicle, the algorithm is also used on the stamping process of the B-pillar of the vehicle to obtain more details about the thickness mapping of this part. The outcome of the analysis for the stamping process is subsequently coupled with the side crash simulation of the dummy vehicle to include a more realistic representation of the thickness in the side crash model.

Published
2022

8. Coupling Uncertainty Quantifications of the B-Pillar Stamping Process and the Side Crash using Machine Learning

Author

Börst, Andino Raymond, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Enginyeria Civil i Ambiental, Rossi, Riccardo, and Díez, Pedro

Subjects
Machine Learning, Informàtica::Intel·ligència artificial::Aprenentatge automàtic [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], Automòbils--Assaigs de xoc, Aprenentatge automàtic, Stamping, Uncertainty Quantification, Algorismes, Coupled Analysis, Automobiles--Crash tests, Algorithms, Side Crash
Abstract

Les proves de xoc a la indústria automotriu són essencials per verificar l'equip de seguretat d'un vehicle i, per tant, són extremadament exigents. Moltes variables, que sorgeixen per les toleràncies de fabricació, causen incertesa en els resultats d'aquestes proves de xoc altament complexes. Atès que una prova de xoc és tan costosa d'emular i les simulacions són massa costoses des del punt de vista computacional per executar simulacions de Monte-Carlo en elles, calen altres alternatives per quantificar aquesta incertesa en les proves de xoc. L'algorisme AQUA utilitza diferents tècniques d'aprenentatge automàtic per quantificar la incertesa d'una prova de xoc amb les simulacions FEM de l'escenari donat i fa una anàlisi de sensibilitat per als paràmetres corresponents. En aquesta tesi s'aborden característiques addicionals a l'algorisme original. A més de l'aplicació a la prova de col·lisió lateral d'un vehicle fictici, l'algorisme també s'utilitza en el procés d'estampació del pilar B del vehicle per obtenir més detalls sobre el mapatge de gruixos d'aquesta part. El resultat de l'anàlisi del procés d'estampació es combina posteriorment amb la simulació de col·lisió lateral del vehicle fictici per incloure una representació més realista del gruix al model de col·lisió lateral. Las pruebas de choque en la industria automotriz son esenciales para verificar el equipo de seguridad de un vehículo y, por lo tanto, son extremadamente exigentes. Muchas variables, que surgen debido a las tolerancias de fabricación, causan incertidumbre en los resultados de estas pruebas de choque altamente complejas. Dado que una prueba de choque es tan costosa de emular y las simulaciones son demasiado costosas desde el punto de vista computacional para ejecutar simulaciones de Monte-Carlo en ellas, se necesitan otras alternativas para cuantificar esta incertidumbre en las pruebas de choque. El algoritmo AQUA utiliza diferentes técnicas de aprendizaje automático para cuantificar la incertidumbre de una prueba de choque con las simulaciones FEM del escenario dado y realiza un análisis de sensibilidad para los parámetros correspondientes. En esta tesis se abordan características adicionales al algoritmo original. Además de la aplicación en la prueba de colisión lateral de un vehículo ficticio, el algoritmo también se utiliza en el proceso de estampado del pilar B del vehículo para obtener más detalles sobre el mapeo de espesores de esta parte. El resultado del análisis del proceso de estampado se combina posteriormente con la simulación de colisión lateral del vehículo ficticio para incluir una representación más realista del grosor en el modelo de colisión lateral. Crash tests in the automotive industry are essential to check a vehicle's safety equipment and are therefore extremely demanding. A lot of variables, that arise due to manufacturing tolerances, cause uncertainty in the results of these highly complex crash tests. With a crash test being so expensive to emulate and simulations being too computationally expensive to run Monte-Carlo simulations on them, other alternatives are needed to quantify this uncertainty in the crash tests. The AQUA algorithm uses different machine learning techniques to quantify the uncertainty of a crash test with the FEM simulations of the given scenario and do a sensitivity analysis for the corresponding parameters. Additional features to the original algorithm are addressed in this thesis. In addition to the application on the side crash test of a dummy vehicle, the algorithm is also used on the stamping process of the B-pillar of the vehicle to obtain more details about the thickness mapping of this part. The outcome of the analysis for the stamping process is subsequently coupled with the side crash simulation of the dummy vehicle to include a more realistic representation of the thickness in the side crash model.

Published
2022

9. To brake or to accelerate? Safety effects of combined speed and red light cameras.

Author

De Pauw, Ellen, Daniels, Stijn, Brijs, Tom, Hermans, Elke, and Wets, Geert

Subjects
*AUTOMOBILE brakes, *TRAFFIC signs & signals, *TRAFFIC safety, *TRAFFIC regulations, *TRAFFIC accidents, *TRAFFIC cameras
Abstract

The present study evaluates the traffic safety effect of combined speed and red light cameras at 253 signalized intersections in Flanders, Belgium that were installed between 2002 and 2007. Method The adopted approach is a before-and-after study with control for the trend. Results The analyses showed a non-significant increase of 5% in the number of injury crashes. An almost significant decrease of 14% was found for the more severe crashes. The number of rear-end crashes turned out to have increased significantly (+ 44%), whereas a non-significant decrease (− 6%) was found in the number of side crashes. The decrease for the severe crashes was mainly attributable to the effect on side crashes, for which a significant decrease of 24% was found. Practical Applications It is concluded that combined speed and red light cameras have a favorable effect on traffic safety, in particular on severe crashes. However, future research should examine the circumstances of rear-end crashes and how this increase can be managed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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10. Aortic injuries in newer vehicles.

Author

Ryb, Gabriel E., Dischinger, Patricia C., Kleinberger, Michael, McGwin, Gerald, and Griffin, Russell L.

Subjects
*AORTIC valve, *NEAR-side Car (Streetcar), *MULTIVARIATE analysis, *VEHICLES, *TRAFFIC accidents, *WOUNDS & injuries, TRAFFIC accident risk factors
Abstract

Highlights: [•] Risk of aortic injury was determined in relation to vehicle model year among frontal and near-side crashes in the NASS-CDS cohort. [•] Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis adjusting for confounders were performed. [•] In comparison with occupants of earlier model year vehicles, those in later model year vehicles experienced increased adjusted odds of aortic injury in frontal crashes. [•] In comparison with occupants of earlier model year vehicles, those in later model year vehicles experienced decreased adjusted odds of aortic injury in near-side impact crashes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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12. Structural optimisation in vehicle development for the current Euro NCAP side crash protocol: how to minimise the structural changes due to the current barrier stiffness and geometry

Author

crespo, sergio, perez rapela, daniel, roman-marin, juaquin, Martin-Vázquez, Francesc, Luzón Narro, Benito Javier, and Arregui Dalmases, Carlos|||0000-0003-0688-3599

Subjects
Euro NCAP, Enginyeria mecànica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], side crash, crashworthiness, WorldSID 50th, FEM, Automobiles, AE-MDB, Automòbils
Abstract

Euro NCAP continually examines and modifies its protocols to encourage the automotive industry to improve vehicles and the safety of occupants. The aim of this study is to identify the key differences between the past and current Euro NCAP protocols regarding side impact, in order to apply optimized countermeasures for fulfilling the new requirements in a previously designed vehicle. Outcomes from a possible Euro NCAP increase in crash speed from 50 km/h to 60 km/h were evaluated. The current protocol introduces the dummy WorldSID 50th percentile and changes in the barrier. The changes in the dummy lead to a reduction in the distance between the occupant and the door panel, and the current geometry of the barrier causes the car’s structure, in particular the sill, to be additionally loaded. An increase in mass of the current barrier causes an increase in energy absorption, thus presenting different deformation patterns. With the updated protocol, the most critical anatomical areas observed in this research were the pelvis and the shoulder. Countermeasures in this study were especially focused on decreasing the load on these anatomical structures. The evaluated countermeasures were: - Sill and B-pillar geometric adaptation to better perform against the AE-MDB - Reduced stiffness of the door panel at the occupant impact location - Optimized door beam Finite Element Method (FEM) tools were used as the basis of this research, including validated and correlated models with experimental full car tests. Initially, the research started with FEM testing of the current vehicle according to both past and current Euro NCAP protocols. Pelvic biomechanical values reached the lower performance limits when testing the AE-MDB barrier at 50 km/h. This new test has an especial impact in midsized cars in terms of pelvis loading, leading the pubic and sacroiliac forces to increase in 38.6% and 25.8% respectively, in the vehicle studied. After the application of the structural countermeasures, the sacroiliac force decreased by 24.9% and the pubic force decreased by 32.5%. Changes in the Euro NCAP protocol and regulations are always a challenge for design departments. In this research the differences between Euro NCAP side protocols were analyzed and some potential countermeasures were highlighted.

Published
2016

13. Structural optimisation in vehicle development for the current Euro NCAP side crash protocol: how to minimise the structural changes due to the current barrier stiffness and geometry

Author

Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Enginyeria Mecànica, crespo, sergio, perez rapela, daniel, roman-marin, juaquin, Martin-Vázquez, Francesc, Luzón Narro, Benito Javier, Arregui Dalmases, Carlos, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Enginyeria Mecànica, crespo, sergio, perez rapela, daniel, roman-marin, juaquin, Martin-Vázquez, Francesc, Luzón Narro, Benito Javier, and Arregui Dalmases, Carlos

Abstract

Euro NCAP continually examines and modifies its protocols to encourage the automotive industry to improve vehicles and the safety of occupants. The aim of this study is to identify the key differences between the past and current Euro NCAP protocols regarding side impact, in order to apply optimized countermeasures for fulfilling the new requirements in a previously designed vehicle. Outcomes from a possible Euro NCAP increase in crash speed from 50 km/h to 60 km/h were evaluated. The current protocol introduces the dummy WorldSID 50th percentile and changes in the barrier. The changes in the dummy lead to a reduction in the distance between the occupant and the door panel, and the current geometry of the barrier causes the car’s structure, in particular the sill, to be additionally loaded. An increase in mass of the current barrier causes an increase in energy absorption, thus presenting different deformation patterns. With the updated protocol, the most critical anatomical areas observed in this research were the pelvis and the shoulder. Countermeasures in this study were especially focused on decreasing the load on these anatomical structures. The evaluated countermeasures were: - Sill and B-pillar geometric adaptation to better perform against the AE-MDB - Reduced stiffness of the door panel at the occupant impact location - Optimized door beam Finite Element Method (FEM) tools were used as the basis of this research, including validated and correlated models with experimental full car tests. Initially, the research started with FEM testing of the current vehicle according to both past and current Euro NCAP protocols. Pelvic biomechanical values reached the lower performance limits when testing the AE-MDB barrier at 50 km/h. This new test has an especial impact in midsized cars in terms of pelvis loading, leading the pubic and sacroiliac forces to increase in 38.6% and 25.8% respectively, in the vehicle studied. After the application of the structural countermea, Postprint (published version)

Published
2016

14. Side Crash Of A Vehicle And Dummy Performance

Author

Yıldızçelik, İlker, Muğan, Ata, Otomotiv, and Automotive

Subjects
Test mankeni, Sonlu elemanlar analizi, Test dummy, Bilgisayar destekli mühendislik, Yan çarpışma, Yaralanma kriterleri, Injury criteria, Finite elements analysis, Computer aided engineering, Side crash
Abstract

Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2007, Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2007, Bu çalışmada, ilk önce Türkiye’deki ve dünyanın bazı ülkelerindeki kaza istatistiklerine yer verilmiştir. Araçların yolcu ile yük taşımasına göre ve ayrıca yük taşıma kapasitelerine göre sınıflandırılması yapılmıştır. Araçların yasal olarak onaylanabilmesi ve satılabilmesi için uyulması zorunlu bazı kriterler belirtilmiştir. Ön, yan, arkadan çarpma ve yaya ile çarpışma kaza tipleri ve bu kaza tiplerine göre geçerli olan yasal zorunluluklar incelenmiştir. Kazaları temsil eden çarpışma testlerinde kullanılan test mankenleri detaylı olarak anlatılmıştır. Önden çarpmada kullanılan test menkenleri, yandan çarpmada kullanılan test mankenleri, arkadan çarpma testlerinde kullanılan test mankenleri ayrı ayrı incelenmiştir. Test mankenleri üzerinden toplanan bazı bilgilere göre insanların kazalarda yaralanma miktarlarını tahmin edebilmek üzere belirlenmiş çarpışma yaralanma kriterleri incelenmiştir. Avrupa Birliği’ne bağlı ülkelerde geçerli olan yandan çarpma yasal zorunluluk kriterlerine göre yapılmış yandan çarpma testinin sonlu elemanlar yöntemiyle Hypermesh, M-Crash ve Radioss yazılımları ile hazırlanmış modelleri, gerçek test ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Karşılaştırma sonucunda gerçek test ve sonlu elemanlar modelinin benzerliği ve modelin güvenilirliği doğrulanmıştır. Elde edilen bu güvenilir modelde, yine sonlu elemanlar yöntemiyle modellenmiş olan test mankeni üzerinden değişik oturma pozisyonları için veriler toplanmış ve karşılaştırması yapılmıştır. Değişik oturma pozisyonları için farklı sonuçlar elde edildiği görülmüştür. Bu farklılıkların sebepleri üzerinde durulmuştur. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre sonlu elemanlar yöntemi kullanmanın zaman ve maddi kazanımlarının olduğu belirtilmiştir., In this study first, some statistical informations about accidents in Turkey and some other countries in the world are given. Classifications of vehicles according to passenger or goods carrying and according to carriage capacities are stated. Vehicle legal homologation regulations for sale permissions are stated. Frontal, side, rear and pedestrian impact modes are explained. Legal rules which are valid for these types of crash are investigated. Dummies, which are used in crash simulation tests, are explained in details. Frontal crash test dummies, side crash dummies and rear crash dummies are investigated separately. Crash injury criteria which is created by the data collected from crash test dummies are investigated. Side crash finite element model analysis which was prepared according to European Union side crash regulation by using Hypermesh, M-Crash and Radioss softwares is compared with physical tst results. Due to comparison, good correlation of test and finite element models is achieved. Trustability and similarity of finite element model with physical test is approved. In correlated analysis, dummy crash injury parameters are calculated for various seating locations of dummy in finite element model. Different crash injury results are obtained for different seating positions. Reasons of these differences are stated. According to results obtained, advantages of using finite element in terms of time and cost save are stated., Yüksek Lisans, M.Sc.

Published
2007

15. Structural optimisation in vehicle development for the current Euro NCAP side crash protocol: how to minimise the structural changes due to the current barrier stiffness and geometry

Author

crespo, sergio, perez rapela, daniel, roman-marin, juaquin, Martin-Vázquez, Francesc, Luzón Narro, Benito Javier, Arregui Dalmases, Carlos, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Enginyeria Mecànica

Subjects
Euro NCAP, Enginyeria mecànica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], side crash, crashworthiness, WorldSID 50th, FEM, Automobiles, AE-MDB, Automòbils
Abstract

Euro NCAP continually examines and modifies its protocols to encourage the automotive industry to improve vehicles and the safety of occupants. The aim of this study is to identify the key differences between the past and current Euro NCAP protocols regarding side impact, in order to apply optimized countermeasures for fulfilling the new requirements in a previously designed vehicle. Outcomes from a possible Euro NCAP increase in crash speed from 50 km/h to 60 km/h were evaluated. The current protocol introduces the dummy WorldSID 50th percentile and changes in the barrier. The changes in the dummy lead to a reduction in the distance between the occupant and the door panel, and the current geometry of the barrier causes the car’s structure, in particular the sill, to be additionally loaded. An increase in mass of the current barrier causes an increase in energy absorption, thus presenting different deformation patterns. With the updated protocol, the most critical anatomical areas observed in this research were the pelvis and the shoulder. Countermeasures in this study were especially focused on decreasing the load on these anatomical structures. The evaluated countermeasures were: - Sill and B-pillar geometric adaptation to better perform against the AE-MDB - Reduced stiffness of the door panel at the occupant impact location - Optimized door beam Finite Element Method (FEM) tools were used as the basis of this research, including validated and correlated models with experimental full car tests. Initially, the research started with FEM testing of the current vehicle according to both past and current Euro NCAP protocols. Pelvic biomechanical values reached the lower performance limits when testing the AE-MDB barrier at 50 km/h. This new test has an especial impact in midsized cars in terms of pelvis loading, leading the pubic and sacroiliac forces to increase in 38.6% and 25.8% respectively, in the vehicle studied. After the application of the structural countermeasures, the sacroiliac force decreased by 24.9% and the pubic force decreased by 32.5%. Changes in the Euro NCAP protocol and regulations are always a challenge for design departments. In this research the differences between Euro NCAP side protocols were analyzed and some potential countermeasures were highlighted.

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