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AbstractDynamic community division is crucial for comprehending the interactive structure and mechanism between residents and space. Currently, there is insufficient research on dynamic community changes in travel networks regarding travel distance. This study utilizes residents’ travel trajectories to construct a multi-layer network based on travel purposes. The study establishes methods for identifying travel network communities and analyzing community evolution influence. Dynamic characteristics of travel network communities at different distances are extracted. Results show that within 3–7 km travel distance, different travel network communities exhibit continuous spatial aggregation, whereas beyond 11 km, heterogeneity is observed. Moreover, communities within 3-7 km experience drastic dynamic evolution, whereas beyond 7 km, they tend to stabilize, forming a large-scale and fixed travel mode. This study enriches the dynamic interaction research of functional space from the perspective of distance, and the experimental results provide an effective reference for urban planning and management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Systematically predicting carbon emissions in the building sector is crucial for formulating effective policies and plans. However, the timing and potential peak emissions from urban buildings remain unclear. This research integrates socio-economic, urban planning, building technology, and energy consumption factors to develop a LEAP-SD model using Shenzhen as a case study. The model considers the interrelationship between socio-economic development and energy consumption, providing more realistic scenario simulations to predict changes in carbon emissions within the urban building sector. The study investigates potential emission peaks and peak times of buildings under different population and building area development scenarios. The results indicate that achieving carbon peaking by 2030 is challenging under a business as usual (BAU) scenario. However, a 10% greater reduction in energy intensity compared to BAU could result in peaking around 2030. The simulation analysis highlights the significant impact of factors such as population growth rate, per capita residential building area, and energy consumption per unit building area and the need for a comprehensive analysis. It provides more realistic scenario simulations that not only enhance theories and models for predicting carbon emissions but also offer valuable insights for policymakers in establishing effective reduction targets and strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diarrhea is one of the major public health issues worldwide. Although the infections of individual enteric virus have been extensively studied, elucidation of the coinfection involving multiple viruses is still limited. In this study, we identified the coinfection of human adenovirus (HAdV) and human astrovirus (HAstV) in a child with acute gastroenteritis, analyzed their genotypes and molecular evolution characteristics. The sample was collected and identified using RT‐PCR and subjected to whole‐genome sequencing on the NovaSeq (Illumina) platform. Obtained sequences were assembled into the complete genome of HAdV and the ORF1 of HAstV. We conducted phylogenetic analysis using IQ‐TREE software and conducted recombination analysis with the Recombination Detection Program. The sequenced HAdV was confirmed to be genotype 41, and was genetically close to some European strains. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the HAstV was genetically close to both HAstV‐2 and HAstV‐4 and was different from the genotype prevalent in Shenzhen before. The recombination analysis confirmed that the sequenced HAstV strain is a recombinant of HAstV‐2 and HAstV‐4. Our analysis has shown that the strains in this coinfection are both uncommon variants in this geographical region, instead of dominant subtypes that have prevailed for years. This study presents a coinfection of HAdV and HAstV and conducts an evolutionary analysis on involved viruses, which reveals the genetic diversity of epidemic strains in Southern China and offers valuable insights into vaccine and medical research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mixed land use has the advantages of promoting the economic and intensive utilization of land and improving the efficiency of land use, which can help alleviate the current urban problems and promote the sustainable development of cities. Existing studies have usually used quantitative indicators to reflect complex and diverse mixed land use situations, and the conclusions obtained usually cannot provide a basis for functional selection in mixed land use practices. Therefore, this study took Shenzhen as the study area to explore whether there are differences in the urban vibrancy enhancement among different mixed land use types. First, the block-scale mixed land use dataset of the study area was constructed. Second, the spatial distribution characteristics of the main functional types and urban vibrancy in the study area were explored. Finally, the impact of mixed land use types on urban vibrancy was explored by using a multiple linear regression model and setting land use type as the dummy variable. The results show that the number of mixed-function blocks in Shenzhen is relatively small, and the mixed land use degree still needs to be improved. Among the 12 main land use types in the study area, those containing industrial land are usually clustered in the northern industrial area of Shenzhen, those containing public or commercial service land are usually clustered in the city center, and those containing residential land are widely distributed in the study area. From the perspective of urban vibrancy, there is a phenomenon of "jobs–housing mismatch" in Shenzhen, as well as a problem of low urban vibrancy in the peripheral areas of the city. In addition, the urban vibrancy intensity of mixed land use types including residential or commercial land is higher, such as "administration+residential", "residential+commercial", "industrial+residential+commercial", and "administration+residential+commercial" land, which includes residential or commercial land, is stronger, while. However, the urban vibrancy stability of mixed land use types including industrial land is higher, such as "industrial+residential" and "industrial+administration" land. The results of this study can provide a basis for future mixed land use practices in terms of land use type selection. For the urban central areas and subcenters in urban peripheral areas, mixed land use types such as "administration+residential", "residential+commercial", and "administration+residential+commercial" can be selected to enhance the urban vibrancy stability of the area. For industrial parks in urban peripheral areas, mixed land use types such as "industrial+residential", "industrial+commercial", "industrial+administration+residential", and "administration+residential+commercial" can be selected to enhance the urban vibrancy intensity of the area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Central China Normal University is the property of Huazhong Normal University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

AbstractThe governance of informal settlements in China – primarily urban villages – remains a persistent challenge. Recently, some urban village houses have been transformed into long-term rental apartments (LRAs). This highlights a potentially novel approach to addressing the longstanding informality issue, but how the rental market in urban villages has thus been reshaped remains unknown. Examining the case of Shenzhen’s Yuanfen Village through the lens of regulating informality, this paper reveals that (1) new renovations are facilitated by the intermediary management of LRA companies with government consent; (2) the renovation into LRAs involves a balancing process among stakeholders but leaves the illegal aspects untouched; and (3) while the renovation improves the living environment, low-income households are inevitably displaced. This study contributes to a theoretical and practical understanding of regulating informality by challenging the monolithic formal-informal dichotomy and connecting the conceptualization and materialization of continuous and dynamic property rights that enable new possibilities for effective and inclusive management of urban growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The risk of occupational exposure to organic solvents varies across industries due to factors such as processing materials, ventilation conditions, and exposure duration. Given the dynamic nature of organic solvent use and occupational exposures, continuous monitoring and analysis are essential for identifying high-risk hazards and developing targeted prevention strategies. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the use of organic solvents and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in different industries in Bao'an District, Shenzhen, China, from 2018 to 2023, to understand their temporal variation and industry-specific differences and to identify high-risk occupational hazards. This study includes 1335 organic solvent samples, used by 414 different industry enterprises, and 1554 air samples. The result shows that the usage of organic solvents in various industries decreased with the outbreak of the pandemic and, conversely, increased as the situation improved. The most frequently detected volatile components in organic solvents were alkanes, followed by aromatic hydrocarbons. The ratios of the detection frequency of VOCs to the total number of detected categories increased year by year after 2020, indicating a tendency towards reduction and concentration of the types of organic solvents used in industrial production. Among the 8 high-risk VOCs, toluene (22.5%), n-hexane (22.0%), xylene (16.1%), and ethylbenzene (15.3%) have relatively high detection rates, suggesting that they need to be focused on in occupational health. Through air samples, the results show that trichloroethylene and xylene pose a high risk to human health (HQ > 1). We recommend that industry should strengthen monitoring of these two VOCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The multi-modal two-step floating catchment area (MM-2SFCA) method is an extension of the two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) method that incorporates the impact of different transportation modes, thereby facilitating more accurate calculations of the spatial accessibility of public facilities in urban areas. However, the MM-2SFCA method does not account for the impact of distance within the search radius on supply–demand capacities, and it assumes an idealized supply–demand relationship. This paper introduces the gravity model into the MM-2SFCA method, proposing a multi-modal gravity-based 2SFCA (MM-G2SFCA) method to better account for distance decay and supply–demand relationships. Furthermore, a standardized gravity model is proposed based on the traditional gravity model. This model imposes constraints on upper and lower limits for distance decay weights without compromising the fundamental curve characteristics of the gravity model, thereby avoiding extreme weight scenarios. The accessibility of public hospitals in Shenzhen is evaluated through the integration of basic geographic information data, resident travel data, and official statistical data. The findings demonstrate that the standardized gravity model effectively addresses the issue of excessively high local distance weights in the traditional gravity model, making it more suitable as a distance decay function. The MM-G2SFCA method improves the consideration of distance and supply–demand relationships, thereby facilitating a more rational distribution of accessibility on a global scale. This study discovers differences in the spatial allocation of public hospital resources across the Shenzhen's districts. Accessibility within the metropolitan core is significantly higher than that outside the core. Additionally, there is a notable difference in the level of accessibility among the districts. Accessibility is found to be better in district centers and along the main traffic arteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Planning Education & Research is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To establish and improve the emergency recruitment strategy of voluntary blood donors under public health emergencies in Shenzhen and verify its effectiveness. Methods Blood donor recruitment strategies under routine, emergency and combined situation were developed. The blood collection data from 2017 to 2019 before the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic was used as the control group, and those from 2020 to 2022 after the outbreak was used as the experimental group, and the feasibility and effectiveness of this emergency recruitment strategy was confirmed through statistical analysis of key indicators of blood collection and supply. Results Through the application of the emergency recruitment strategy for blood donors in Shenzhen under public health emergencies, statistical analysis of the experimental group and the control group showed a year-on-year increase of 14.11%(73 647.25/521 855.5) in whole blood collection, 42.33%(28 891.47/68 250.95) in platelet collection, 0.33%(529/161 033) in first-time donors, 33.25%(3 154/9 487) in repeated donors and 16.78%(32 585/194 149) in the number of 400 mL donors. The inventory of various types of red blood cell maintained between 6-18 days. After the implementation of the emergency recruitment strategy the blood donation population has shown characteristics as younger age, localization, increased repeated donation and a higher proportion of donors with college education or above. Conclusion The emergency recruitment strategy of blood donors under public health emergencies is feasible and effective, which can quickly and efficiently improve the blood recruitment ability.

Connectivity enhancement of ecological networks is an efficient and advantageous spatial planning strategy, and it is a hot research topic to analyze ecological networks based on complex systems theory and perform model optimization. As a typical geographic network, the evolution process of ecological network, such as node and edge growth, will be subject to geospatial constraints, and the current research lacks optimization models that take the geospatial constraints into account. This study focused on urban ecological network connectivity and the distribution of nodes as well as structural fractures where the connectivity of the ecological network was hindered were analyzed. Then it introduced a local world network model to optimize network connectivity and designed a network growth mechanism with limited added nodes and optimal connections. An ecological network optimization model considering geospatial constraints was constructed, and the network closeness index was used to fit the objective function curve to select optimization schemes. This study used Shenzhen, China as a case study, and the results indicated that the initial ecological network was significantly fractured by urban construction. In the optimization scenario, the network evolution reached its optimal state at the simulation step size of t = 26. At this point, the closeness index of the optimized network was increased by 15%. The optimization model constructed in this paper emphasizes the importance of functional restoration of existing network nodes, and the results of the study can provide support for ecospatial layout optimization and management.

Abstract Background Unintentional injuries is the leading cause of death in children aged 6–18 in China. Previous studies on the association between the guardians’ educational levels and unintentional injuries in children have been inconclusive, and it remains unclear among the Chinese population. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the association between guardians’ educational levels and unintentional injuries in children aged 6–18 in Shenzhen, China. Methods This cross-sectional study enrolled 9,903 children aged 6–18 in Shenzhen in 2020 using a multistage cluster sampling method. Information on the children and guardians were collected, and unintentional injuries in the past year was examined by using two nested questions. Logistic regression analyses were used to test the association between the guardians’ educational levels and unintentional injuries in children aged 6–18, and the crude odds ratios (ORs) and adjusted ORs with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated. Results 275 of the 9,903 children reported experiencing at least one unintentional injuries in the past year, and the weighted incidence of unintentional injuries was 6.3% (95% CI: 5.8–6.8%) in children aged 6–18 in Shenzhen, China. The incidence of unintentional injuries differed significantly in the guardians’ education levels (P

Convolutional neural network (CNN) models are widely used in landslide susceptibility assessment due to their powerful feature extraction capabilities, and traditional CNN is no longer able to meet the requirements. Therefore, this paper proposes a multi-scale convolutional neural networks (MSCNN) model that can take into account deep and shallow features. By increasing the depth of the model and expanding the receptive field of samples, the MSCNN can tap deeper and more stable features to improve the reliability of landslide susceptibility assessment in complex scenarios. In this study, Shenzhen City is selected as the research area, and 12 landslide conditioning factors of landslides in Shenzhen City were selected based on systematic and representative principles. A multi-scale convolutional neural network landslide susceptibility assessment model is constructed and compared with methods such as multilayer perceptron (MLP), support vector machine (SVM), and random forest (RF). The results show that the AUC value (0.99) of the MSCNN model constructed in this paper is higher than that of MLP (0.97), SVM (0.91), and RF (0.85), which proves that the proposed MSCNN model has excellent prediction ability. The area of extremely high susceptibility in Shenzhen City is approximately 105.3 km², accounting for 4.98% of the total area of the study area, mainly distributed in Longgang District with steep slopes, sparse vegetation cover, and frequent human engineering activities. Slope, surface roughness, and surface relief are identified as the main conditioning factors affecting landslides in Shenzhen City. The landslide susceptibility mapping implemented in this paper reflects the current distribution of landslide disasters in Shenzhen City, providing data support and key technical support for future landslide disaster prevention and control in Shenzhen City.

Objective changes in people's lifestyles at different times of the day lead to changes in metro travel with respect to space and mode. Distinguishing the spatiotemporal heterogeneity characteristics of subway passenger flows at different times of the day can help guide urban functional renewal and intensive growth. Taking Shenzhen as a case study, this study examines the spatiotemporal dynamic fluctuation characteristics of subway passenger flow in terms of volume, direction, connection, and structure on weekdays, weekends, and holidays through spatiotemporal data mining and geospatial analysis from the network, station, and OD(Origin and Destination) perspectives. The results indicate the following: (1) From an overall perspective, three different types of subway passenger flow patterns exist on weekdays, holidays, and weekends: bimodal, flat peak, and small bimodal and flat peak composite patterns, respectively. Weekday subway ridership is significantly higher compared with weekends and holidays. The proportion of short-distance short-time and long-distance long-time trips increases slightly on holidays and weekends, conforming to the beta distribution. By contrast, commuter traffic remains the focus of the current subway operating system service. (2) From the station perspective, Shenzhen has only a few stations with significant differences in weekday and non-weekday patronage and sharing rates. Weekday passenger traffic is highly concentrated in residential and employment-oriented stations. Non-weekday passenger traffic is concentrated in transportation hubs and integrated stations. The high mix of land use around stations helps disperse passenger traffic and resist disturbance at different times. (3) From the OD perspective, OD passenger flow on the subway network has a power law distribution and significant hierarchical differentiation. On weekdays, subway OD passenger flow forms groups with business offices, higher education institutions, and popular business districts. On weekends, the intensity of subway OD passenger flow linkages shows varying degrees of attenuation, and the OD linkage for short-distance travel is more intense. On holidays, subway OD passenger flows form spatial linkage groups with external transportation hubs, popular scenic spots, and commercial centers as the core stations. The center of the metro topological network and that of passenger flow under different time periods are all characterized by spatial coupling. The diversification of travel on weekends and holidays, as well as the high-density mixed-development pattern in urban centers, has weakened the dependence of passenger flows on specific routes, showing a tendency to transition from the linear and multi-block on weekdays to the linear and whole block structure on holidays. This study is expected to provide a reference for the fine operation and organization of subways and the improvement of the quality of urban activity spaces.

Background As the medical service model in China transitions from unidirectional treatment to holistic health, medical social work, aimed at helping individuals help themselves, has gained more opportunities to integrate into the hospital setting. Objective This paper aims to explore the embedding paths, strategies, and outcomes of medical social work in the hospital setting, to categorize the types of integrative development in medical social work, and to provide significant insights for the robust development of medical social work within the healthcare system. Methods Based on Granovetter's embeddedness theory, purposive sampling was employed to conduct in-depth interviews with 33 medical social workers from 15 public hospitals in Shenzhen, where services were purchased by the government. Data analysis was performed using thematic analysis with the aid of Nvivo12.0 software. Results In the context of government-purchased services, the embedding paths of medical social work include structural embedding and relational embedding. The main embedding strategies are "indirect compliance" and "passive compromise" under structural embedding, and "mutual benefit" and "self-empowerment" under relational embedding. The embedding outcomes also led to two different impacts: "administrative" and "professional". Conclusion The study suggests that the integrative development of medical social work can be categorized into four types: "superficial embedding" "administration-led" "mutual development" and "professional inter-construction".

Background: Unintentional injuries is the leading cause of death in children aged 6–18 in China. Previous studies on the association between the guardians' educational levels and unintentional injuries in children have been inconclusive, and it remains unclear among the Chinese population. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the association between guardians' educational levels and unintentional injuries in children aged 6–18 in Shenzhen, China. Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 9,903 children aged 6–18 in Shenzhen in 2020 using a multistage cluster sampling method. Information on the children and guardians were collected, and unintentional injuries in the past year was examined by using two nested questions. Logistic regression analyses were used to test the association between the guardians' educational levels and unintentional injuries in children aged 6–18, and the crude odds ratios (ORs) and adjusted ORs with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated. Results: 275 of the 9,903 children reported experiencing at least one unintentional injuries in the past year, and the weighted incidence of unintentional injuries was 6.3% (95% CI: 5.8–6.8%) in children aged 6–18 in Shenzhen, China. The incidence of unintentional injuries differed significantly in the guardians' education levels (P < 0.05). After adjustment for the children's variables, multiple binary logistic regression analysis showed that compared to children whose guardians' educational levels were low, children whose guardians' educational levels were high (adjusted OR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.37–0.87) and medium (adjusted OR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.39–0.81) had a lower odds of unintentional injuries. Similar results were also observed when further adjustment for both the children's and guardians' variables. Conclusion: The overall incidence of unintentional injuries in children aged 6–18 in Shenzhen was low, and it was associated with the guardians' educational levels. Children whose guardians' educational levels were low should be given special concern to prevent unintentional injuries, and it is suggested to reduce the incidence of unintentional injuries in children by improving the guardians' educational levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article investigates the experiences of Yi migrant workers in Shenzhen factories through a conceptual framework that focuses on three dimensions of home in migration. Examining industrial dormitories, the foreman system, and governmental attention, it uncovers the intricate ways migrants negotiate their sense of belonging. The spatial dimension is evident in dormitories offering a semblance of home while reflecting broader societal and economic influences. The relational aspect emerges through the evolution of the foreman system, highlighting the interplay between traditional social bonds and modern labour demands. The sensorial dimension becomes apparent in the limited recognition migrants receive despite their contributions. This study underscores the multifaceted nature of migrant experiences as well as the need for comprehensive understandings of home that encompass spatial, relational, and sensorial elements within the dynamic context of migration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard & Control is the property of China Institute of Geological Environmental Monitoring (CIGEM) Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Megacities are the main sources of carbon emissions and are pillars of socioeconomic development due to economic prosperity, industrial development, and population agglomeration. Taking the megacity of Shenzhen, China, as an example, this research explored the advantages of low-carbon transformation in both climate change mitigation and socioeconomic progress. Soft linking of the Low Emissions Analysis Platform (LEAP) model with input–output analysis demonstrates that adopting feasible low-carbon transformation strategies has the potential to reverse the ongoing trend of carbon emission growth in Shenzhen, resulting in a peak before 2025. The peaks in carbon intensity and carbon emissions per capita occurred earlier than those in total carbon emissions. Furthermore, a total low-carbon investment of 462.04 billion CNY could yield approximately 799.49 billion CNY in output, 311.42 billion CNY in value-added, and 156.10 billion CNY in resident remuneration and create 1.79 million job opportunities during policy implementation. Taking into account both the reduction in carbon emissions and the socioeconomic benefits of low-carbon transformation, this research elucidates a potential pathway for Shenzhen to achieve synergy between mitigating climate change and promoting socioeconomic development, thus offering a valuable model for cities facing similar challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of South Architecture / Nanfang Jianzhu is the property of South Architecture Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Shenzhen University Science & Engineering is the property of Editorial Department of Journal of Shenzhen University Science & Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A growing appreciation of the potential benefits of experimentation to tame the complexities of urban transformation has led to an increase in related research activity. Building on a "practice-to-policy" experimentation-based framework, this paper investigates the adaptive policymaking process for urban regeneration in Shenzhen since the 2000s. It finds that "explorative experimentation" is used to identify a general direction in the absence of a clear route for the policy process, while "generative experimentation" is sequentially dedicated to specific issues for the improvement of the entire policy package within a particular reform. We argue that understanding the successive roles or hybrid functions of these two types of experiment adds new insights to the development rationales for Shenzhen's urban regeneration and provides inspiration for an experimental model of urban governance. Governments and policymakers can benefit from the experimentation-based approach, as presented in the Shenzhen case, to pursue policy innovation embedded in local contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper takes the central area of Shenzhen as an example to explore the correlation and differences between 2D and 3D green spaces on urban roads during the summer of 2023. By collecting street view image data and using convolutional neural networks for image semantic segmentation, the Green View Index (GVI) was calculated and combined with the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for analysis. The results show that the road greening levels in Nanshan District, Futian District, and Luohu District of Shenzhen are relatively high, with GVI exceeding 25%. The Pearson correlation coefficient between the 2D and 3D greening data is 0.5818, indicating a moderate correlation. By analyzing four typical greening scenarios (high NDVI and high GVI, high NDVI and low GVI, low NDVI and high GVI, and low NDVI and low GVI), the study found specific reasons for the differences in green data in different dimensions; the analysis revealed that factors such as building height, density, and elevated transportation facilities significantly affect the accuracy of NDVI in urban spaces. The study suggests that in urban greening assessments, the complementarity and differences between street view data and remote sensing data should be comprehensively considered to improve the accuracy and comprehensiveness of the analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ecosystem benefits and services assessments are widely used in the current urban ecological management strategies to enhance benefits of ecosystems to urban residents, but ecosystems are not benign entities that exist solely for human benefit. Plagues, diseases, and other ecosystem-generated health risks (EHRs) have caused huge losses of life and property. In promoting systematic and comprehensive urban development and the quality of life for residents, Risk reduction for EHRs cannot be ignored. As existing studies of EHRs mapping remain relatively few. This paper proposed a mapping method based on vegetation census data for two EHRs: human-bat contact infection risk (HBCIR) and human-pollen contact sensitization risk (HPCSR). Results showed that: (1) The bat distribution risk (SBR) and the pollen sensitizing plant distribution risk (ROSDmean) were higher in woodlands and areas around reservoirs where habitat conditions are better across the city. (2) The areas with higher HBCIR and HPCSR were mainly located in the central and western parts of Shenzhen, especially in the surrounding densely populated areas with better habitat conditions. (3) All streets differed significantly from each other in HBCIR and HPCSR distribution characteristics, three streets, Huafu, Meilin and Donghu, had higher risk values. The results can provide guidance to policymaker in their work on biodiversity conservation, health risk control, and tree species application. Additionally, the methodology adopted in this study may inspire future researches on the spatialization of other EHRs.

Ecological control line (ECL) has become an important policy for enhancing ecological conservation and achieving sustainable urban development. Landscape connectivity of ecological network provides a method for exploring the effect of ECL policy on biodiversity conservation. This study used Shenzhen as an example to analyze the distribution of important habitats based on species occurrence points, environmental factors and artificial neural network methods. Four-phase ecological networks of focal species (Ardea cinerea, Callosciurus erythraeus, Copsychus saularis, Egretta garzetta, Pycnonotus sinensis) in 2000, 2010, 2015, and 2020 were constructed, and the effects and changes of ECL on habitat connectivity of species, geographical zone, and species zone scales were sequently analyzed using the difference-in-difference method. The results showed that: (1) Forty-one important habitats were identified, with a total area of 743 km2, and the average area of each habitat was 18.1 km2. The number of ecological corridors and the area of ecological pinch points in Shenzhen decreased in the first ten years but remained stable over the final ten years. (2) ECL delineation can promote habitat connectivity of regional species and with the passage of time, this promoting effect increases. The protective effect in the high habitat quality zone was greater than that in the low habitat quality zone. (3) City managers can develop habitat connectivity conservation schemes for different species according to the five habitat quality zones: high, mid-high, middle, mid-low, and low. This study proposes a method to assess the effectiveness of the existing ecological control line, and provide a scientific basis for formulating, adusting and optimizing ecological management.

Abstract Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a global health issue with noticeably high incidence and mortality. Microsimulation models offer a time-efficient method to dynamically analyze multiple screening strategies. The study aimed to identify the efficient organized CRC screening strategies for Shenzhen City. Methods A microsimulation model named CMOST was employed to simulate CRC screening among 1 million people without migration in Shenzhen, with two CRC developing pathways and real-world participation rates. Initial screening included the National Colorectal Polyp Care score (NCPCS), fecal immunochemical test (FIT), and risk-stratification model (RS model), followed by diagnostic colonoscopy for positive results. Several start-ages (40, 45, 50 years), stop-ages (70, 75, 80 years), and screening intervals (annual, biennial, triennial) were assessed for each strategy. The efficiency of CRC screening was assessed by number of colonoscopies versus life-years gained (LYG). Results The screening strategies reduced CRC lifetime incidence by 14–27 cases (30.9–59.0%) and mortality by 7–12 deaths (41.5–71.3%), yielded 83–155 LYG, while requiring 920 to 5901 colonoscopies per 1000 individuals. Out of 81 screening, 23 strategies were estimated efficient. Most of the efficient screening strategies started at age 40 (17 out of 23 strategies) and stopped at age 70 (13 out of 23 strategies). Predominant screening intervals identified were annual for NCPCS, biennial for FIT, and triennial for RS models. The incremental colonoscopies to LYG ratios of efficient screening increased with shorter intervals within the same test category. Compared with no screening, when screening at the same start-to-stop age and interval, the additional colonoscopies per LYG increased progressively for FIT, NCPCS and RS model. Conclusion This study identifies efficient CRC screening strategies for the average-risk population in Shenzhen. Most efficient screening strategies indeed start at age 40, but the optimal starting age depends on the chosen willingness-to-pay threshold. Within insufficient colonoscopy resources, efficient FIT and NCPCS screening strategies might be CRC initial screening strategies. We acknowledged the age-dependency bias of the results with NCPCS and RS.

ABSTRACTTo evaluate the performance of “Vaccination Rates Monitoring Report System” implemented by Shenzhen CDC, we conducted an analysis of the data quality and identify key areas for system improvement. Following evaluation guidelines provided by WHO and United States CDC, we established six evaluation attributes: representativeness, simplicity, acceptability, data reliability, stability and timeliness. In eastern, central and western regions of Shenzhen, we selected one district from each region, of which the local CDC and ten CHSCs under jurisdiction were chosen for evaluation. On-site inspections, questionnaires survey and interviews were utilized for data collection, while the Likert scale method was used for attributes rating evaluation. A total of 70 participants were surveyed, consisting of 60 CHSCs and 10 CDCs staff. The gender ratio was 1:2.5 (males to females), with the majority falling within the 25–34 age range (46%). Most participants held full-time positions (80%) and had more than 5 years of work experience (62%). The system achieved 100% coverage of all CHSCs and CDCs (100%). The cumulative percentage scores for the overall favorable options of simplicity, acceptability, data reliability, stability, and timeliness were 79%, 85%, 73%, 50%, and 71% respectively. The system operates normally with strong representativeness. Acceptability was rated as “good.” Simplicity, data reliability, and system timeliness were rated as “average,” while system stability was rated as “poor.” Based on these survey results, developers should urgently investigate reasons for poor stability, particularly addressing concerns from CHSCs users. Additionally, the issues and shortcomings identified in other attributes should also be gradually improved.

The study examined the role of linguistic soundscape in constructing city image. Previous studies paid inadequate attention to linguistic soundscape, an important branch of linguistic landscape. The authors applied the theory of City Identity System (CIS) and selected Shenzhen, the third wealthiest city in China, to discuss how linguistic soundscape in public space may shape people's perceptions of a city. The public address announcements in the major metro stations, airport, and ferry terminal of Shenzhen were recorded and analysed based on their language pattern, functions, and gender of voice. It was concluded that despite issues such as an imbalance between informative and symbolic functions, the linguistic soundscape of Shenzhen generally exhibited positive influence and promising potential in the construction of city image. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the recent shifts in urban policy in Shenzhen, China, through the analytical lens of Peter Hall’s policy paradigm theory. China has experienced rapid urban development since the Chinese economic reform in 1978, resulting in the creation of urban villages (UVs) in the large metropolitan areas with specific civil rights for its inhabitants. Recently a shift is occurring in Chinese urban policy from demolition and reconstruction towards preservation and renewal of these urban villages. By applying Hall's framework, we aim to understand whether these changes in urban policy in Shenzhen signify merely a shift in tactics or represent a broader paradigm shift in response to evolving economic conditions and policy perspectives in China. While our study is centred on Shenzhen, we suggest that similar changes are likely to occur in other Chinese cities in the near future. Through this lens, we offer novel insights into the complex dynamics of urban development and their relationship between changing social and economic conditions. This research is particularly relevant for policymakers, urban planners, and scholars in urban studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a global health issue with noticeably high incidence and mortality. Microsimulation models offer a time-efficient method to dynamically analyze multiple screening strategies. The study aimed to identify the efficient organized CRC screening strategies for Shenzhen City. Methods: A microsimulation model named CMOST was employed to simulate CRC screening among 1 million people without migration in Shenzhen, with two CRC developing pathways and real-world participation rates. Initial screening included the National Colorectal Polyp Care score (NCPCS), fecal immunochemical test (FIT), and risk-stratification model (RS model), followed by diagnostic colonoscopy for positive results. Several start-ages (40, 45, 50 years), stop-ages (70, 75, 80 years), and screening intervals (annual, biennial, triennial) were assessed for each strategy. The efficiency of CRC screening was assessed by number of colonoscopies versus life-years gained (LYG). Results: The screening strategies reduced CRC lifetime incidence by 14–27 cases (30.9–59.0%) and mortality by 7–12 deaths (41.5–71.3%), yielded 83–155 LYG, while requiring 920 to 5901 colonoscopies per 1000 individuals. Out of 81 screening, 23 strategies were estimated efficient. Most of the efficient screening strategies started at age 40 (17 out of 23 strategies) and stopped at age 70 (13 out of 23 strategies). Predominant screening intervals identified were annual for NCPCS, biennial for FIT, and triennial for RS models. The incremental colonoscopies to LYG ratios of efficient screening increased with shorter intervals within the same test category. Compared with no screening, when screening at the same start-to-stop age and interval, the additional colonoscopies per LYG increased progressively for FIT, NCPCS and RS model. Conclusion: This study identifies efficient CRC screening strategies for the average-risk population in Shenzhen. Most efficient screening strategies indeed start at age 40, but the optimal starting age depends on the chosen willingness-to-pay threshold. Within insufficient colonoscopy resources, efficient FIT and NCPCS screening strategies might be CRC initial screening strategies. We acknowledged the age-dependency bias of the results with NCPCS and RS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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As an overarching policy and development model, transit-oriented development (TOD) is widely used to promote the integration of land use and transit services, which arguably brings about many benefits. TOD advocates have continuously paid much attention to metro station areas (MSAs), i.e., areas within a reasonable walking distance to a metro station. To TOD advocates, well-planned MSAs should have a sufficient supply of TOD-nesses encapsulating characteristics such as destinations, density, diversity, and design. In the existing scholarship, however, little has been done on (a) TOD-nesses’ potential “consumers,” the population that is only a short metro ride away from an MSA, i.e., the metro-based accessibility (MBA) to the consumers of the MSA; and (b) whether and how TOD-nesses of one MSA and several MSAs in proximity are affected by the MBA. With the help of big and/or open data, we examine whether and to what degree the MBA of an MSA cluster (MSAC), a set of MSAs within t minutes of a metro ride from a metro station is correlated to that MSAC’s TOD-nesses in Shenzhen, China. We measure the MBA by the daytime/nighttime population in the same MSAC. We quantify TOD-nesses using the published indices or the averages of the indices in a refereed article. Coefficient of geography association, Gini index, pairwise correlation, and linear regression analyses are carried out. We find that the MBA in one period significantly predicts MSAC-level TOD-nesses in ensuing periods. However, the MBA’s prediction power decreases or even disappears over time. Besides, metro station characteristics such as the jurisdiction membership significantly predict the overall TOD-nesses and individual aspects of the TOD-nesses after controlling for the MBA. Our study thus sheds new light on meso- or MSAC-level TOD-nesses and related policy and planning evaluation.

In China, the equal accessibility of social infrastructure, especially public housing and healthcare, has become a prominent concern in solving the problems of rapid but uneven growth-oriented urbanization in the post-reform era. However, few studies have focused on the accessibility of various healthcare resources to different types of public housing using different transport modes. Utilizing Internet map services, this study first calculated the travel time from talent, economically affordable, and public rental housing to hospitals using three transport modes—walking, public transport, and driving—in Shenzhen, China. Subsequently, the optimized two-step floating catchment area method (2SFCA) was employed to comprehensively evaluate the accessibility of healthcare resources to public housing and explore differences in healthcare accessibility among different populations. The results reveal that: (1) Public housing is located far away from healthcare resources, with 15% of public housing unable to access AAA hospitals within 30 minutes by car, and only 10% able to access ordinary hospitals within 15 minutes. (2) Accessibility of healthcare resources to public housing exhibits spatial heterogeneity, gradually declining from special to non-special economic zones. (3) Talent housing experiences the best accessibility, followed by affordable and public rental housing. (4) Public transportation and walking exhibit greater spatial variation in accessibility than driving. Theoretically, the current public housing accessibility in Shenzhen reflects the common problems of public housing accessibility throughout the country. In the process of promoting the equal accessibility of basic public services, focus on its accessibility should be emphasized. This study proposes an optimized 2SFCA by introducing a Gaussian distance decay function, establishing a multilevel search radius, considering supply and demand-side competition effects, and using real-time traffic big data. Our methodological framework simultaneously considers differences among various types of public housing, hospitals with different service capacities, and diverse travel modes. This provides a new research perspective for a comprehensive and thorough understanding of the equal accessibility of basic public services.

Background Primary care doctors in Shenzhen, China are increasingly expected to identify and prevent depressive disorder; however, they have received limited mental health training and community healthcare centres (CHCs) do not provide standardised protocols for the diagnosis and care of depressive disorder. The World Health Organization's mental health gap intervention guide, version 2 (mhGAP-IG.v2) is a decision support tool for non-specialists for the assessment, management and follow-up of mental, neurological and substance use disorders (including depressive disorder). Given that mhGAP-IG.v2 is a generic tool, it requires adaptation to take account of cultural differences in depression presentation and unique characteristics of China's emergent mental health system. Methods A two-round, web-based, Delphi survey was conducted. A panel of primary care doctors from Shenzhen, were invited to score their level of agreement with 199 statements (arranged across 10 domains) proposing changes to the content and structure of mhGAP-IG.v2 for use in Shenzhen. Consensus was predefined as 80% panelists providing a rating of either "somewhat agree/definitely agree", or "definitely disagree/somewhat disagree" on a five-point scale for agreement. Results 79% of statements received consensus with a mean score of 4.26 (i.e. "somewhat agree"). Agreed adaptations for mhGAP-IG.v2 included: an assessment approach which considers a broader spectrum of depression symptoms and reflects the life course of disease; incorporating guidance for screening tool usage; clarifying physicians' roles and including referral pathways for intersectorial care with strong family involvement; aligning drug treatment with national formularies; stronger emphasis of suicide prevention throughout all sections of the guide; contextualizing health education; reflecting a person-centred approach to care. Panelists chose to maintain diagnostic and treatment advice for bipolar patients experiencing a depressive episode as in the current guide. Conclusion An adapted mhGAP-IG.v2 for depression recognises China's cultural and contextual needs for assessment guidance; unique primary healthcare system organization, priorities and treatment availability; and diverse psychosocial educational needs. An adapted mhGAP-IG.v2 could both inform the future training programs for primary care in Shenzhen and also offer an additional mental health resource for non-specialists in other countries.

Systematically predicting carbon emissions in the building sector is crucial for formulating effective policies and plans. However, the timing and potential peak emissions from urban buildings remain unclear. This research integrates socio-economic, urban planning, building technology, and energy consumption factors to develop a LEAP-SD model using Shenzhen as a case study. The model considers the interrelationship between socio-economic development and energy consumption, providing more realistic scenario simulations to predict changes in carbon emissions within the urban building sector. The study investigates potential emission peaks and peak times of buildings under different population and building area development scenarios. The results indicate that achieving carbon peaking by 2030 is challenging under a business as usual (BAU) scenario. However, a 10% greater reduction in energy intensity compared to BAU could result in peaking around 2030. The simulation analysis highlights the significant impact of factors such as population growth rate, per capita residential building area, and energy consumption per unit building area and the need for a comprehensive analysis. It provides more realistic scenario simulations that not only enhance theories and models for predicting carbon emissions but also offer valuable insights for policymakers in establishing effective reduction targets and strategies.

Mixed land use has the advantages of promoting the economic and intensive utilization of land and improving the efficiency of land use, which can help alleviate the current urban problems and promote the sustainable development of cities. Existing studies have usually used quantitative indicators to reflect complex and diverse mixed land use situations, and the conclusions obtained usually cannot provide a basis for functional selection in mixed land use practices. Therefore, this study took Shenzhen as the study area to explore whether there are differences in the urban vibrancy enhancement among different mixed land use types. First, the block-scale mixed land use dataset of the study area was constructed. Second, the spatial distribution characteristics of the main functional types and urban vibrancy in the study area were explored. Finally, the impact of mixed land use types on urban vibrancy was explored by using a multiple linear regression model and setting land use type as the dummy variable. The results show that the number of mixed-function blocks in Shenzhen is relatively small, and the mixed land use degree still needs to be improved. Among the 12 main land use types in the study area, those containing industrial land are usually clustered in the northern industrial area of Shenzhen, those containing public or commercial service land are usually clustered in the city center, and those containing residential land are widely distributed in the study area. From the perspective of urban vibrancy, there is a phenomenon of “jobs–housing mismatch” in Shenzhen, as well as a problem of low urban vibrancy in the peripheral areas of the city. In addition, the urban vibrancy intensity of mixed land use types including residential or commercial land is higher, such as “administration+residential”, “residential+commercial”, “industrial+residential+commercial”, and “administration+residential+commercial” land, which includes residential or commercial land, is stronger, while. However, the urban vibrancy stability of mixed land use types including industrial land is higher, such as “industrial+residential” and “industrial+administration” land. The results of this study can provide a basis for future mixed land use practices in terms of land use type selection. For the urban central areas and subcenters in urban peripheral areas, mixed land use types such as “administration+residential”, “residential+commercial”, and “administration+residential+commercial” can be selected to enhance the urban vibrancy stability of the area. For industrial parks in urban peripheral areas, mixed land use types such as “industrial+residential”, “industrial+commercial”, “industrial+administration+residential”, and “administration+residential+commercial” can be selected to enhance the urban vibrancy intensity of the area.

The multi-modal two-step floating catchment area (MM-2SFCA) method is an extension of the two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) method that incorporates the impact of different transportation modes, thereby facilitating more accurate calculations of the spatial accessibility of public facilities in urban areas. However, the MM-2SFCA method does not account for the impact of distance within the search radius on supply–demand capacities, and it assumes an idealized supply–demand relationship. This paper introduces the gravity model into the MM-2SFCA method, proposing a multi-modal gravity-based 2SFCA (MM-G2SFCA) method to better account for distance decay and supply–demand relationships. Furthermore, a standardized gravity model is proposed based on the traditional gravity model. This model imposes constraints on upper and lower limits for distance decay weights without compromising the fundamental curve characteristics of the gravity model, thereby avoiding extreme weight scenarios. The accessibility of public hospitals in Shenzhen is evaluated through the integration of basic geographic information data, resident travel data, and official statistical data. The findings demonstrate that the standardized gravity model effectively addresses the issue of excessively high local distance weights in the traditional gravity model, making it more suitable as a distance decay function. The MM-G2SFCA method improves the consideration of distance and supply–demand relationships, thereby facilitating a more rational distribution of accessibility on a global scale. This study discovers differences in the spatial allocation of public hospital resources across the Shenzhen’s districts. Accessibility within the metropolitan core is significantly higher than that outside the core. Additionally, there is a notable difference in the level of accessibility among the districts. Accessibility is found to be better in district centers and along the main traffic arteries.

In China, the equal accessibility of social infrastructure, especially public housing and healthcare, has become a prominent concern in solving the problems of rapid but uneven growth-oriented urbanization in the post-reform era. However, few studies have focused on the accessibility of various healthcare resources to different types of public housing using different transport modes. Utilizing Internet map services, this study first calculated the travel time from talent, economically affordable, and public rental housing to hospitals using three transport modes--walking, public transport, and driving--in Shenzhen, China. Subsequently, the optimized twostep floating catchment area method (2SFCA) was employed to comprehensively evaluate the accessibility of healthcare resources to public housing and explore differences in healthcare accessibility among different populations. The results reveal that: (1) Public housing is located far away from healthcare resources, with 15% of public housing unable to access AAA hospitals within 30 minutes by car, and only 10% able to access ordinary hospitals within 15 minutes. (2) Accessibility of healthcare resources to public housing exhibits spatial heterogeneity, gradually declining from special to non-special economic zones. (3) Talent housing experiences the best accessibility, followed by affordable and public rental housing. (4) Public transportation and walking exhibit greater spatial variation in accessibility than driving. Theoretically, the current public housing accessibility in Shenzhen reflects the common problems of public housing accessibility throughout the country. In the process of promoting the equal accessibility of basic public services, focus on its accessibility should be emphasized. This study proposes an optimized 2SFCA by introducing a Gaussian distance decay function, establishing a multilevel search radius, considering supply and demand-side competition effects, and using real-time traffic big data. Our methodological framework simultaneously considers differences among various types of public housing, hospitals with different service capacities, and diverse travel modes. This provides a new research perspective for a comprehensive and thorough understanding of the equal accessibility of basic public services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Against the backdrop of coordinated development and regional integration in the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area, China, the integration of Shenzhen and Dongguan has received increasing attention from both academia and the government. The cross-boundary area of the two cities has also shifted from being categorized as the development edge to becoming a key area, presenting more complex spatial and functional characteristics. This paper applies multi-source data to analyze the spatial characteristics and factors of influence in the Shenzhen–Dongguan cross-boundary region from the perspective of urban land use pattern evolution. The results showed that from 2008 to 2022, (1) the spatial structure presented a development trend from multi-core to axial, then to network, gradually breaking down the development barriers in the central region; (2) the function of regional land was transformed from a single type to a composite and mixed type, and the layout of commercial, public, green, and transportation land became more dispersed and balanced; (3) the cross-administrative boundaries of commercial land were exaggerated, and industrial land was widely transformed into composite industrial and commercial land, forming an integrated industrial belt; and (4) the overall increase in the mixing degree of land use functions indicated that the two regions were interconnected and integrated with each other, and the functional structure of the cross-boundary region was relatively more complete. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Prediabetes is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality. Rare research in China has evaluated the prevalence of prediabetes among children and adolescents using the HbA1c criterion or the combined FPG-or-HbA1c diagnostic criterion, and researchers paid no attention to the distributions of blood glucose in Shenzhen, especially for juveniles. Methods: We conducted a school-based cross-sectional study based on the first-year students from 17 primary, middle, and high schools. Prediabetes was defined as FPG of 5.6-6.9 mmol/L or HbA1c of 5.7%-6.4%. The crude and standardized prevalence of prediabetes with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was estimated. Results: A total of 7519 participants, aged 6 to 17 years, were included. For all subjects, the crude prevalence (95% CI) of prediabetes was 1.49% (1.21-1.77), 8.72% (8.08-9.36), and 9.80% (9.13-10.47) by the FPG-only, HbA1c-only, and FPG-or-HbA1c criteria, respectively. Based on the 2010 Shenzhen census population, the standardized prevalence was 1.56% (males 1.85%, females 1.19%), 11.05% (males 11.47%, females 10.53%), and 12.19% (males 13.01%, females 11.15%) by the corresponding criteria. The proportion of prediabetes was higher for males than females, and the prevalence decreased with grade for males but increased for females. The association of BMI and prediabetes was Ushaped curve, indicating higher rates of prediabetes for underweight and obesity people. Conclusion: The blood glucose status of children and adolescents in Shenzhen is worrisome, and the early detection and management of prediabetes are imperative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pivotal role of urban greening in landscape design for mitigating climate change and enhancing the thermal environment is widely known. However, numerous evaluations of outdoor thermal comfort are seldom applied within the realm of landscape design scenarios. This study explores the relationship between street design and urban microclimate, aiming to propose a range of design strategies that can significantly improve thermal comfort within the street environment in Shenzhen, China. These design strategies hold immense potential for urban greening implementation and provide valuable insights to enhance the overall thermal quality of streetscapes in subtropical cities. The study employs landscape design and environmental simulation methods to evaluate the different design scenarios for the streetscape. The landscape design encompasses three scenarios with revised interventions: 1. the incorporation of building greening and enhanced pavement material albedo; 2. the introduction of trees and grass at the ground level; and 3. a combination of scenarios 1 and 2. Environmental simulations are utilized to assess the effectiveness of each design scenario. The findings reveal that increasing urban vegetation leads to a reduction in urban heat and significantly improves outdoor thermal comfort. Moreover, the incorporation of shade-providing trees proves to be more efficacious than employing vertical greening in alleviating outdoor thermal discomfort. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urban greenspace systems are key components of urban ecosystems. However, a quantitative index for the recovery ability of urban green space and a corresponding effective restoration model is lacking. We selected the key indicators that characterize the damage degree and recovery ability of green space ecosystems, constructed an evaluation index system of green space damage, and established a recovery capacity model using the attributes of self‐organization and resilience of green space ecosystems as core attributes. Using the ecosystem damage and recovery capacity indexes, a discrimination matrix of the ecological restoration model, with a total of 12 different scenarios, was constructed to provide a differentiated model of ecological restoration. The highly urbanized Shenzhen Metropolis was selected as the study area. Based on the results, most of the green space in Shenzhen had no damage, however, 13.70% of the space had moderate and severe damage. Most of Shenzhen's green space had a medium recovery capacity level; while 14.21% and 15.69% of the areas had high and low recovery capacities, respectively. We outlined the areas where ecological restoration modes such as nature conservation, auxiliary restoration, and ecological reconstruction need to be applied. Our findings can be used to evaluate the self‐restoration ability of ecological restoration sites and provide a conceptual basis and a case study reference for ecological restoration planning and management of urban green space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of this article is to find out the role of Shenzhen SEZ importance in the Chinese economy. The article explores the reason behind the Chinese economic boom starting from 1980's. Starting from that period, China has become one of the leading players in the global economy due to Shenzhen immense success. Capital going to the Shenzhen SEZ played essential part for Chinese economy. The article highlights Shenzhen's exceptional success attributed to its strategic location and size. The regression analysis conducted from 1980 to 2019 reveals a strong positive correlation between the number of enterprises in Shenzhen and the capital utilized from Hong Kong and Macao. The article extends its analysis to Azerbaijan, showcasing the country's efforts in establishing Special Economic Zones for economic development. It sheds light on the challenges faced by Azerbaijan, such as economic constraints limiting the expansion of industrial parks. The conclusion recommends attracting foreign investors as operators or developers to share costs and benefits, promoting sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay examines two interconnected human-made nonhuman entities stemming from Shenzhen, China's first special economic zone, that have become dominant figures in mapping the city's - and by extension, China's - future: the robot and the drone. I bring an interdisciplinary, cultural studies approach to the multiple meaning-making practices that engage with these two objects; both participate in enacting the vision for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area as an extension of the success of Shenzhen. These practices simultaneously normalise aspirations for a future fuelled by the power of nonhuman technological agents while offering glimpses into the uneven power relations between different humans that underpin such future making. At the same time, they also point to the emergent possibilities of meaningmaking that conjoin the human and the nonhuman. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the past several years, Shenzhen's air quality has significantly improved despite increased ground-level ozone (O3) and the challenges in reducing fine particulate matter (PM2.5). We investigated concentration trends, concurrent pollution features, and long-term exposure health risks to enhance our understanding of the characteristics of O3 and PM2.5 pollution. From 2016 to 2022, there was a decrease in PM2.5 levels, but an increase in O3. Additionally, the premature mortality attributed to long-term air pollution exposure decreased by 20.1%. High-O3-and-PM2.5 days were defined as those when the MDA8 O3 ≥ 160 μg m–3 and PM2.5 ≥ 35 μg m–3. Significantly higher levels of O3, PM2.5, nitrogen dioxide (NO2), OX (OX = O3 + NO2), and sulfur dioxide (SO2) were observed on high-O3-and-PM2.5 days. Vehicle emissions were identified as the primary anthropogenic sources of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), contributing the most to VOCs (58.4 ± 1.3%), O3 formation (45.3 ± 0.6%), and PM2.5 formation (46.6 ± 0.4%). Cities in Guangdong Province around Shenzhen were identified as major potential source regions of O3 and PM2.5 during high-O3-and-PM2.5 days. These findings will be valuable in developing simultaneous pollution control strategies for PM2.5 and O3 in Shenzhen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]