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Aiming at the distance measurement of moving sound sources in shallow seas, this paper proposes a method of histogram filtering to realize underwater distance estimation of moving sound sources in shallow seas. The algorithm used the transmission loss, target motion parameter in the sound propagation and receival signal as prior knowledge to updated the state vector of the sound source, so as to realize the distance estimation of the shallow sea sound source, and this paper used SwellEx-96 database for experimental verification. The experimental results shown that: the depth estimating error of moving sound source is small, and when the detected horizontal distance is in the range of 10 km, the maximum range error of the horizontal distance is ±10 m, meanwhile the accuracy of ranging can be improved by improving the prior knowledge of the target motion parameters, which verifies that the histogram filtering algorithm can achieve better ranging for underwater moving targets.