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This paper measures the accelerator, brake pedal, clutch, transmission device and steering wheel under different driving conditions in real-time and accurately on the simulation experiment platform. The goal is to conduct human-machine-road system interaction in a virtual simulation of human-vehicle-road systems. Fitting test data establishes the mathematical model of traffic control parameters. In terms of hardware, the distributed architecture of upper and lower computers is utilized. The system communicates point-to-point with the host computer through the RS-232 serial port. The system adopts multi-thread technology and serial communication technology. The simulation system of driving operation is designed with the visual central controller. The system takes 89S52 as the core. The slave program is written in C language. Then, the system establishes a multi-target coordinated obstacle avoidance method based on a multi-sensor information vehicle cooperation collision avoidance method. The multi-vehicle cooperation obstacle avoidance problem is transformed into an optimal control problem under multiple constraints. Simulation analysis shows that the velocity and displacement obtained by the multi-robot collaborative collision avoidance method are in good agreement with the measured values. Compared with the time series algorithm, the output accuracy of the proposed collaborative collision avoidance algorithm is significantly reduced, and the changes in velocity and displacement in the time domain are more stable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In some low-cost industrial application scenarios, serial communication is mostly transmitted in plaintext, leaving data vulnerable to theft and issues, such as poor data reliability. To enhance data security during transmission and communication reliability, this paper proposes an encrypted serial communication system based on pseudo-random sequences. The system adopts the technologies of arbitrary series pseudo-random sequence generation, dynamic sampling window adjustment, and serial code stream scrambling to realize non-transparent data transmission via channels. At the receiving end, pseudo-random sequences are synchronized through capturing the header, allowing for serial code stream decoding and data information acquisition. Within an environment of the communication system created by using field-programmable gate array (FPGA), experiments revealed the maximum baud rate at 20 Mbit/s, which could meet the encryption requirements of m-sequences of 4~15 series, and yielded good results.

The evaluation of hydrogen sorption properties in materials is crucial for their widespread applications. However, existing volumetric apparatuses often suffer from low accuracy and efficiency due to inadequate calibration techniques, temperature gradients, and limited automation. To address these limitations, a Temperature-Variable Cycle (TVC) Sieverts apparatus has been developed. Besides conventional tests, the device is capable of efficiently performing TVC tests, such as TVC Pressure-Composition-Temperature (PCT) isotherm and kinetics, through the integration of RS485 serial communication and automatic dosing techniques. The instrument's component selection and configuration were described in detail. Furthermore, novel methods for volume calibration and anti-thermal gradient were presented, where a continuous function was proposed to overcome temperature gradients across the entire range of test temperatures. Finally, a series of tests were conducted using La 0.5 Ce 0.5 Ni 4 Co alloy and Mg material as benchmark materials to validate the setup and methods. The accuracy of volumes and the feasibility of the methods were confirmed through null PCT tests and data comparisons of PCT with kinetic of La 0.5 Ce 0.5 Ni 4 Co alloy, respectively. By employing these methods, the accuracy of null tests is improved by nearly tenfold. The efficiency and robustness of the unit were demonstrated through Temperature-Programmed Desorption/Absorption (TPD/TPA), TVC PCT, and TVC kinetics tests on MgH 2 powder. The results produced by the TVC system align well with the reliable data in literature. [Display omitted] • An ultra-efficient and automatically TVC Sieverts apparatus has been developed. • The unit can obtain multiple curves at distinct temperatures within a single test. • A practical and accurate online volume calibration method was proposed. • A novel method of anti-thermal gradient for continuous temperature was presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Isotopes is the property of Journal of Isotopes Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

High-speed and high-precision actuator control is required for industrial manufacturing equipment. In such systems, the control operation cycle needs to be shortened to 100 μs or less. Recently, the quantity of sensors and actuators is increasing because new control methods have been developed. Therefore, the amount of information input/output to/from sensors and actuators is also increasing. Any electromagnetic noise occurring inside the equipment due to using high-voltage power or various actuators affects the system performance. The authors are thus developing a network communication system for high-speed and high-precision mechatronics control considering electromagnetic noise. The network communication adopts an original protocol operating in the 40-MHz band with 8B10B coding for SerDes logic implemented on an FPGA. In this paper, a method for the K-code usage of 8B10B coding to reduce packet transmission overhead is proposed, as well as a data transfer scheduling method that can reduce communication delay by setting a communication period for each data and distributing the amount of data transfer per communication cycle. Evaluation results show that the cycle-to-cycle jitter in sampling between the main controller and the control device was 260 ns. In addition, the data transfer scheduling reduced communication delay by 36% compared to the case without the scheduling.

To avoid the operations of opening embedded device, configuring GPIO pin voltage level, or developing the special upper computer software during the online upgrade process of application program for TMS320F28335, a second bootloader method was proposed. To realize the online upgrade function of application program, TMS320F28335 was configured as Flash boot mode, and the second bootloader was pre-burned. The application program binary file from general serial port upper computer software was stored in the external extended SRAM of TMS320F28335, and was downloaded to on-chip Flash. And then, the system jumps to execute the application program. The experimental results show that this method is effective and feasible, and it has strong universality and reliability.

The rapid development of technology has influenced the mindset of people to always try to find solutions on how to apply technology to improve work efficiency. Based on data by interview the candlenut farmers, the effectiveness of candlenut crushing machines on the market currently does not have good accuracy. The results of that machine are still three kinds are shell candlenut (SC), kernel candlenut (KC), and also shelled seed (SS). Therefore, it has to sort every candlenut crusher output manually again and it takes quite a lot of time and cost. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a candlenut sorting machine to solve that problem. A sorting machine has made with 2 core systems, that are Raspberry Pi 3 and Arduino Uno in image processing and to control each driving motor. Besides that, two types of servo motors are added for the raw materials and the torque function. The simulation results showed this machine sorting can sort the candlenut into three kinds with accurate an relatively saving time.

The issue of thievery of vehicles and security of sensitive regions is a major concern these days. There we intend to aid in the management of vehicles by bringing our Mobility Accredit System. This system is executed with the entrance on the inlet for safety and systematic control of an installed region. The main purpose of this proposal is to restrict the entry of unauthorized vehicle in restricted area. An efficient algorithm is developed to capture the car license plate, after which the capture image is subjected to certain processes by which a string of character is extracted (i.e., car license plate number). The observed data is then to compare with the recorded data so as to check whether the vehicle is authorized or not. Then a signal is generated and provided as input to the system which operates the gate and the display. There is a limit to how much traffic congestion can be managed in cities. However, the number of fatalities brought on by traffic delays can be somewhat reduced. With the aid of AARS and GPRS/3G technology, this is possible. By managing the traffic signal in accordance with the ambulance's location as it approaches the hospital, we can ensure a smooth flow for the ambulance. The proposed article also helps in the recognition of ambulance and emergency health care carrier vehicles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This thesis describes research to prevent maritime safety accidents by notifying navigational signs when sea fog and haze occur in the marine environment. Artificial intelligence, a camera sensor, an embedded board, and an LED marine lantern were used to conduct the research. A deep learning-based dehaze model was learned by collecting real marine environment and open haze image data sets. By applying this learned model to the original hazy images, we obtained clear dehaze images. Comparing those two images, the concentration level of sea fog was derived into the PSNR and SSIM values. The brightness of the marine lantern was controlled through serial communication with the derived PSNR and SSIM values in a realized sea fog environment. As a result, it was possible to autonomously control the brightness of the marine lantern according to the concentration of sea fog, unlike the current marine lanterns, which adjust their brightness manually. This novel-developed lantern can efficiently utilize power consumption while enhancing its visibility. This method can be used for other fog concentration estimation systems at the embedded board level, so that applicable for local weather expectations, UAM navigation, and autonomous driving for marine ships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Free Space Optical (FSO) communication systems have extensively invaded the speed of smart city evolution due to the current surge in demand for wireless communication spots that can match recent challenges due to high technical leaps in smart city evolution. As the number of users is vastly increasing throughout all networks in the form of machines, devices, and variously distinct objects, FSO is a hugely recommended robust communication system that mitigates a lot of RF disadvantages on the field with no need for licensing, fast rollout time, and low cost. This paper shows an exploit of a Low Power Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) based FSO communication system designed for Line of Sight (LOS) Building to Building Communication over a distance of 12 m using a 650 nm Visible Light (VL) red laser source via On-Off Keying (OOK) and higher-level Intensity Modulation (IM)/Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) schemes. The implemented system reached a doubled data rate than OOK of 230 kbps using the IM technique. Traffic monitoring and building security status can be frequently updated between adherent buildings, each scanning its zone real-time conditions and sharing them with the neighboring links. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This thesis describes research to prevent maritime safety accidents by notifying navigational signs when sea fog and haze occur in the marine environment. Artificial intelligence, a camera sensor, an embedded board, and an LED marine lantern were used to conduct the research. A deep learning-based dehaze model was learned by collecting real marine environment and open haze image data sets. By applying this learned model to the original hazy images, we obtained clear dehaze images. Comparing those two images, the concentration level of sea fog was derived into the PSNR and SSIM values. The brightness of the marine lantern was controlled through serial communication with the derived PSNR and SSIM values in a realized sea fog environment. As a result, it was possible to autonomously control the brightness of the marine lantern according to the concentration of sea fog, unlike the current marine lanterns, which adjust their brightness manually. This novel-developed lantern can efficiently utilize power consumption while enhancing its visibility. This method can be used for other fog concentration estimation systems at the embedded board level, so that applicable for local weather expectations, UAM navigation, and autonomous driving for marine ships.

When the civil UAV system is integrated, it needs to meet the requirements of data transmission from multiple serial devices between the air and the ground. The existing main method is to forward multiple data by the Autopilot and ground control station, but this method has the problems of low efficiency and communication blocking happens when facing large amount of data. This paper designs a serial port switch, and realizes efficient multi-channel data transmission function through a dedicated message protocol and multi-thread communication program based on RT-Thread real-time operating system. A priority queue scheduling algorithm is implemented based on thread priority to ensure that high priority data will not be blocked due to large amount of data, improving system reliability. The test results show that the design can transmit multi-channel data in real time and reliably, which satisfies the data transmission requirements of the UAV system and has important practical significance and application value.

In the era of industrial big data, the demand for high-speed data transmission is higher and higher. The traditional Modbus protocol uses fixed data frame length transmission, which can not make full use of link resources, resulting in very low transmission rate. In the early stage, in order to solve the problem of traditional ModBus transmission protocol, an algorithm was proposed to adjust the frame length by calculating the optimal frame length through the frame error rate. However, because the frame length of each data frame is adjusted in this algorithm, the link stability becomes worse and the efficiency is reduced. In order to solve this problem, this paper proposes an improved adaptive frame length adjustment algorithm, which adjusts the frame length according to the retransmission failure rate per unit time, and gives different adjustment schemes according to different situations, which improves the link stability. Finally, this paper takes the servo drive data acquisition system as the carrier, and verifies the effectiveness of the algorithm through experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, synchronous multi-channel pulse width modulation (PWM) generator for driving servo motors of humanoid robot was proposed. In an application, the humanoid robot requires smooth and beautiful movement, therefore the PWM signal for each servo motor must be synchronized. Since microcontroller (slave) has no enough channels to generate synchronous PWMs for 32 servo motors, field programmable gate array (FPGA) was used as slave for the humanoid robot. The FPGA was controlled by microcontroller (master) using serial communication. Simulation results show the system can perform serial communication, synchronize, and convert data well. The system can also generate PWM simultaneously with accurate duty cycle and fix period of 20ms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Communication errors can be caused by transient electromagnetic disturbances, making the related protection and avoidance measures highly demanding. In this article, we propose a statistical method to infer error mechanisms of serial communication errors caused by repetitive electromagnetic disturbances. An experimental investigation has been conducted by introducing crosstalk disturbances on the transmission cable, resulting in various communication errors. To determine the corresponding failure mechanism for these errors, a hypothesis test method is introduced. First, the bit-flip error on the basis of the known mechanism is simulated through the Monte Carlo method, so that a null hypothesis can be established. Then, by applying a modified chi-squared test, researchers can investigate the influence of multiple pulses on the occurrence probability of bit errors. As a result, nonlinear effects such as energy saturation or accumulation of the transceivers can be discovered. The validated results show that the proposed method has a good performance to determine the known mechanisms of communication errors and infer new regularities with a given significant level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Studia Poliana is the property of Studia Poliana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)