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Peacekeeping operations are one of the instruments for resolving crises in the world and preventing armed conflicts that threaten global peace and security. This article argues that the participation of the Serbian Armed Forces in UN missions contributed to peacekeeping in the world and produced positive benefits for the country. Namely, the Serbian Armed Forces inherits the tradition of many years of participation in UN and EU peacekeeping operations. This article first provides an overview of the most important contributions of the Republic of Serbia to peacekeeping operations, focusing on the important role that this activity plays in the achievement of foreign policy goals, national development and international relations. This is followed by the presentation of national legislation that regulates the Serbian Armed Forces participation in peacekeeping operations. Therefore, peacekeeping operations are recognized as a type of multilateral mechanism for achieving cooperation between the Republic of Serbia and the UN/EU and a contribution to building trust and the position of a reliable partner in international relations. The theory of international relations that explains such actions of states is the realism theory. In accordance with realists school of thought, state national interests for participation in peacekeeping operations are military security issues, national and strategic interests as well as economic interests, and increased credibility and power of states in international relations. Starting from the fact that global security is comprehensive and indivisible, states are even more interested in participating in peacekeeping operations and perceive it as their national interests and an element of foreign and security policy. This is the initial thesis from which the authors base their analysis presented in the paper.

By doctrines, the armed forces express ideas and principles in recognizing the elements of the current and future armed conflicts in which they may find themselves. Although modern armed conflicts are increasingly taking place in cities and villages, the documents of the Serbian Armed Forces lack their uniform and precise descriptions, which is a problem. That is why the research was conducted, whose subject was focused on the use of the terms related to urban areas and populated places, with the determination of their consistency in the doctrinal documents of the Serbian Armed Forces. With the limited aim of the research, and without pretensions to define the terms mentioned here, it has been determined how and to what extent they are used in the doctrinal documents of the Serbian Armed Forces, in order to help in a clear understanding of the problem and encourage the clarification of facts and harmonization in further research. The content analysis of documents has shown that in the 2010 Doctrine of the Serbian Armed Forces, urban area is separated from other areas, but it is neither defined in this, nor in any other hierarchically lower document of the Serbian Armed Forces. In the lower level doctrines, it is rarely in use or similar terms are used, which contain the adjectives urban and populated. In relation to the term urban areas, in the hierarchically lower doctrinal documents of the Serbian Armed Forces, most in manuals, the term populated places is most often used, which, like the previous one, is not defined in the Serbian Armed Forces' documents, but it is in the state regulation, that is, in the Law on the Territorial Organization of the Republic of Serbia. On the basis of the revealed result that the term populated places is defined by the state regulation in relation to the term urban areas, which is not officially defined, it can be suggested that the term populated places be used in a consistent way in all doctrinal documents in the future.

Internal communications functions in military organizational systems are multidisciplinary, polyvalent and interconnected. The paper deals with the identification and definition of the most important functions of internal communications in military organizational systems. The paper gives an overview of each function individually and highlights their importance, respecting the complexity and all the specifics of military organizational systems. Cherishing and developing internal communications in military organizational systems is a strategic task of military leaders at all levels of command and control. Effective internal communications is a valuable investment in human resources and long-term business results. It is also a powerful shield for soldiers against rumours, numerous problems and dilemmas. Effective internal communications arms all actors in the chain of command and control with the most powerful weapons, and that is information and knowledge. Its ontological component is particularly emphasized in the paper because internal communications motivates, strengthens the soul of soldiers and is a necessary substance in developing a sense of duty and responsibility. To command and control means to communicate. Investing in internal communications is investing in the efficient functioning of military organizational systems.

The structure of the military organization, its social, normative and legal role, doctrine, history and tradition, specific internal relations, combat readiness, weapons, external features, the attitude and behaviour of personnel to its fundamental values and, finally, the way it communicates with the public, make the totality of the identity of the Serbian Armed Forces. The way that the public perceives the identity characteristics of the military represents a dynamic category that we call an image. A reputation, like an image, is based on the subjective perception of an identity, with the difference that establishing a reputation requires personal experience in relation to the organization and the period in which such an experience is confirmed. Brand and branding are occasionally, theoretically inconsistently, related to the Serbian Armed Forces as an organization, while the main properties of these concepts established in marketing are ignored. This paper analyses various definitions and determinants of the concept of brand, and offers an answer to the question: whether and in which case it is possible to talk about "the brand of the Serbian Armed Forces" and why its public image should primarily be considered and studied through the prism of an organizational identity, image and reputation. The paper proposes that the organizational image and reputation of the Serbian Armed Forces be used as conceptual frameworks for considering its image in the public, while the concept of brand can be used in the sense of branding the Armed Forces as an employere.

The paper elaborates the concept and significance of media policy and implements it to the Serbian Armed Forces. The importance of the media in the security sector at national and international level is analyzed and the need for good media representation of the Serbian Armed Forces is emphasized in order to support the public for important decisions concerning military and security issues. The concept of strategic communications and their relationship with the media policy that the Armed Forces should develop as one of the instruments of soft power, which is of interest not only to this system, but also to the state and society, has been presented. Moreover, the main elements are presented, whose fulfillment would create conditions for the establishment and conduct of an adequate media policy as an instrument of soft power.

By concluding international agreements in the field of security and defence, the Serbian Armed Forces become a factor of international cooperation, which imposes certain responsibilities on the state and, in a special way, regulates the international legal position of their members. The paper presents the origin and development of the idea of the Common European Security and Defence, the obligations of the Republic of Serbia and the national legal framework that regulates this field. The goal of the EU Common Foreign and Security Policy, established by the Maastricht Treaty, is to preserve peace and strengthen international security in accordance with the principles of the United Nations Charter. To achieve this goal, the Common Security and Defence Policy has been developed, with the Union taking the leading role in peacekeeping operations and conflict prevention. The analysis of the content of national and international acts shows the evolutionary development of the idea on the existence of collective security, the acts for its implementation and the conditions necessary for the successful execution of the set tasks have been developed. Furthermore, comparative and historical methods have been used, as well as the method of deduction. It can be concluded that the new field of integration in Europe requires that the armed forces of the member states gain a role in international relations by initiating a series of institutional reforms and a change in the understanding of the social role of the military. International military engagement at regional and global level, along with bilateral cooperation, is a means of eliminating threats to national security while strengthening the capabilities of the national defence system. It is necessary to meet strict conditions for such engagement to be legitimate.

Introduction/purpose: The Air Force accomplishes its tasks in the airspace where it must use special equipment and weapons which makes it extremely technically demanding. This reliance on technique speaks of the importance of logistics in the Air Force. Support to the Air Force of the Serbian Armed Forces is provided by national logistics through, among other things, various branches and parts of industry such as military industry - part of industry that deals with the production and trade of weapons and military equipment. Methods:The methods applied in the paper are the analysis of the tendencies of development of modern aviation assets and military industries in the world as well as the synthesis considering the state of national logistics today and its possibilities of supporting the Serbian Air Force through its basic sources. Results: Basic sources and possible prospects for further development of national logistics are considered, with the focus on the modernization of aircraft and other assets, military personnel training and improvement of their standard of living as well as on the cooperative development of joint projects with foreign partners. Conclusion: It is important to be directed towards creating the conditions for long-term prospects of the development of national logistics in support of the Serbian Air Force. / Введение/цель: Военная авиация осуществляет свои задачи в воздушном пространстве, поэтому ей необходимо использовать спецоборудование и вооружение, которые в свою очередь делают ее особо техническим видом вооруженных сил. Данная техническая подоплека указывает на важность логистики для Военно- воздушных сил. Национальная логистика оказывает постоянную поддержку Военно-воздушным силам Республики Сербия, в том числе посредством различных отраслей промышленности. В первую очередь задействована оборонная промышленность, занимающаяся производством и сбытом боевых средств и военного оборудования. Методы: В данной работе применялся метод анализа мировых тенденций развития современных авиационных средств и спецтехники, а также метод синтеза, с помощью которого представлено состояние национальной логистики на сегодняшний день, а также возможности поддержки Военно-воздушным силам Республики Сербия, посредством своих основных источников. Результаты: Рассмотрены основные источники и возможные перспективы дальнейшего развития национальной логистики с упором на модернизацию самолетов и иной спецтехники, на подготовку кадров и повышение уровня жизни военнослужащих, а также на разработку и развитие совместных проектов с зарубежными партнерами. Выводы: Значимость статьи заключается в выявлении перспектив развития, которые могли бы значительно повлиять на дальнейшую направленность национальной логистики на оказание поддержки Военно-воздушным силам Республики Сербия. / Uvod/svrha: Ratno vazduhoplovstvo realizuje svoje zadatke u vazdušnom prostoru, pa mora da koristi specijalnu opremu i naoružanje, što ga čini izrazito tehničkim delom ovog vida u kojem logistika ima važno mesto. Nacionalna logistika pruža podršku Ratnom vazduhoplovstvu Vojske Srbije, pored ostalog, kroz različite grane i delove industrije. To čini, prevashodno, kroz namensku industriju - delom industrije koji se bavi proizvodnjom i prometom naoružanja i vojne opreme. Metode: U radu se koristi metoda analize, kojom su ispitivane tendencije razvoja savremenih vazduhoplovnih sredstava i namenskih industrija u svetu, kao i metoda sinteze, kojom se sagledava stanje nacionalne logistike danas i mogućnosti podrške Ratnom vazduhoplovstvu Vojske Srbije kroz njene osnovne izvore. Rezultati: Sagledani su osnovni izvori i moguće perspektive daljeg razvoja nacionalne logistike, sa težištem na modernizaciji VUbS-a (uvođenje novih letelica i druge opreme, obuka ljudstva, kao i poboljšanje životnog standarda pripradnika Vojske), te razvoju i saradnji na zajedničkim projektima sa inostranim partnerima. Zaključak: Potrebno je u značajnoj meri težiti stvaranju uslova za dugoročnu perspektivu razvoja nacionalne logistike u podršci Ratnom vazduhoplovstvu Vojske Srbije.

This paper focuses on the engagement of the Serbian Armed Forces and other defense forces outside the national territory, activities planned and carried out within multinational operations (MNOs) of the European Union (EU), in particular. The primary goal of this research has two aspects - firstly, to analyze and compare the positive legislation and contents of the most significant strategic documents, which regulate the engagement of these capacities in multinational operations, in compliance with the concept of MNO and critical judgment on the legal framework governing this area, and secondly, to systematically explain the significance of the participation of the Serbian Armed Forces capacities in such military activities of the European Union.

Information, as one of the important factors of armed conflicts, greatly influences the physiognomy, the direction and the speed of the development of contemporary conflicts. It expresses the availability of knowledge and data necessary for successful command and control at all levels. Its availability reduces the uncertainty in military activity and enables a better assessment of the situation, as well as making relevant decisions in real time. In the paper, the Telecommunications and Information System (TkIS) of the Serbian Armed Forces (SAF) is looked at from several aspects, and the issue of the need for improvement of the existing system, imposed by constant development of information technologies, is being updated. The concept, purpose, structure and level of development of the TkIS are dealt with in the paper, particularly the level of development of the SAF TkIS and its cause-effect relation with the defense of the Republic of Serbia, with a focus on military defense. The aim of this paper is to examine the impact of the Serbian Armed Forces telecommunications and information system on the defense of the Republic of Serbia with the emphasis on military defense, and to point out the need for continuous improvement of the TkIS and continuous education, i.e. adequate and timely training of the personnel for its use for military defense. The importance of the work is in the analyzed state of the Serbian Telecommunications and Information System in relation to the needs of the military defense of the Republic of Serbia in the context of contemporary security challenges. / Информация, как один из важных факторов войны, оказывает большое влияние на форму, направление и скорость развития современных конфликтов. Она подразумевает владение знаниями и данными, необходимыми для успешного командования и управления на всех уровнях. Владение информацией снижает степень неизвестности в военном деле и способствует лучшей оценке ситуации, а также принятию соответствующих решений в реальном времени. В данной статье с разных аспектов представлена телекоммуникационная система (ТкИС) Вооруженных сил Республики Сербия и открывается вопрос о необходимости совершенствования существующей системы, что в свою очередь требует постоянное развитие информационных технологий. В работе описаны понятие, назначение, применение, структура и достигнутый уровень развития ТкИС. С особым вниманием были проанализированы уровень развития ТкИС ВС РС и причинно-следственные связи с обороной Республики Сербия, с упором на военную оборону. Цель данной работы заключается в представлении того, каким образом информационная и телекоммуникационная системы Вооруженных сил Республики Сербия могут влиять на оборону Республики Сербия, особенно на военную оборону, нам также хотелось обратить внимание на необходимость постоянного совершенствования и развития ТкИС, то есть, в организации соответствующей и своевременной подготовки персонала для нужд военной обороны. Значимость данной работы заключается в проведенном анализе состояния телекоммуникационной и информационной систем Вооруженных сил Республики Сербия и представлении реальных нужд военной обороны Республики Сербия в контексте современных вызовов безопасности. / Informacija, kao jedan od značajnih faktora oružane borbe, u velikoj meri utiče na fizionomiju, pravac i brzinu razvoja savremenih sukoba. Ona izražava raspoloživost znanjima i podacima potrebnim za uspešno komandovanje i rukovođenje na svim nivoima. Njenom raspoloživošću smanjuje se neizvesnost u vojnoj delatnosti i omogućava se bolja procena situacije, kao i donošenje svrsishodnih odluka u realnom vremenu. U radu se sa više aspekata sagledava telekomunikaciono-informacioni sistem (TkIS) Vojske Srbije i aktuelizuje pitanje potrebe unapređenja postojećeg sistema koje nameće neprestani razvoj informacionih tehnologija. U radu se navode pojam, namena, struktura i dostignuti stepen razvoja TkIS. Detaljno su analizirani stepen razvoja TkIS VS i uzročno-posledične veze sa odbranom Republike Srbije, sa težištem na vojnoj odbrani. Cilj rada jeste da se sagleda uticaj telekomunikaciono-informacionog sistema Vojske Srbije na odbranu Republike Srbije sa težištem na vojnoj odbrani, kao i da se ukaže na potrebu neprestanog usavršavanja TkIS i kontinuirane edukacije, odnosno adekvatne i pravovremene obuke kadra za njihovo korišćenje u vojnoodbrambene svrhe. Značaj rada ogleda se u analizi stanja telekomunikaciono-informacionog sistema Vojske Srbije u odnosu na potrebe vojne odbrane Republike Srbije u kontekstu savremenih bezbednosnih izazova.

Professional military personnel are exposed to a large number of stressors every day at a higher rate than the civilian population, which can lead to psychological disturbances, primarily anxiety, as well as burnout syndrome. The aim of our investigation was to determine the correlation between burnout syndrome and anxiety in military personnel of the Serbian Armed Forces. The cross-sectional study included a total of 311 professional military personnel (officers, non-commissioned officers and professional soldiers), between 23 to 53 years of age (35.3±7 years, on the average) without previous diagnosis of mental disorder. For purpose of this study we used Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). MBI contains three subscales, which measure three components of burnout: Emotional exhaustion (EE), Depersonalization (DP) and Personal accomplishment (PA). The statistical analysis included parametric and non-parametric descriptive statistics. The highest level of burnout was measured on the sub-scales Emotional exhaustion (EE) in military personnel from 23 to 30 years old (p<0.05), while anxiety increased with age of military personnel (p<0.001). Total scores on the subscales Emotional exhaustion (EE) and Depersonalization (DP) increased, while on the subscale Personal accomplishment (PA) decreased with the increase of the total BAI score (p<0.001). There was a correlation between burnout syndrome and anxiety in professional military personnel of Serbian Armed Forces. Improving the financial situation, paid recreational breaks and reduction of professional obligations could decrease anxiety and affect the prevention of the occurrence of burnout syndrome in the military environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses required personnel, training capacities and equipment for participation in the United Nations peacekeeping operations with the riverine elements. In order to meet necessary capabilities for engagement in United Nations peacekeeping operations, Serbian military riverine units have to be compatible with the issued UN requirements. Serbian Armed Forces have the potential to reach such requirements with the River Flotilla as a pivot for the participation in UN missions. Serbian Military Academy adopted and developed educational and training program in accordance with the provisions and recommendations of the IMO conventions and IMO model courses. Serbian Military Academy has opportunities for education and training military riverine units for participation in the United Nations peacekeeping operations. Moreover, Serbia has Multinational Operations Training Center and Peacekeeping Operations Center certified to provide selection, training, equipping and preparations of individuals and units to the United Nations multinational operations.

Copyright of Military Technical Courier / Vojnotehnicki Glasnik is the property of Military Technical Courier / Vojnotehnicki Glasnik and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Oncology / Türk Onkoloji Dergisi is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The quality of life of military personnel represents their self-evaluation of the quality of their own mental and physical health, social relations, and the environment in which they live and work. The aim of our study was to evaluate the relationship between quality of life and anxiety levels in military personnel of the Serbian Armed Forces. The cross-sectional study included a total of 311 randomly selected professional military personnel (officers, non-commissioned officers and professional soldiers) between 23 and 53 years of age (mean, 35.3±7 years) without current mental health problems. For the purpose of this study, we used the World Health Organization Abbreviated Instrument for Quality of Life Assessment (WHOQOL-BREF) and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). The statistical analysis included parametric and non-parametric descriptive statistics. Professional military personnel showed high satisfaction with their quality of life in the categories of social relations (82.52), psychological health (82.10) and physical health (81.68), while the satisfaction scores in the category environment category were the lowest (62.77). The average value for the total BAI score was 4.83±5.66. Quality of life decreased, while anxiety increased, with increasing age of the military personnel. Higher BREF score values were associated with lower scores on the BAI questionnaires in all subscales (p<0.001). Military personnel of the Serbian Armed Forces showed a high degree of satisfaction with their own quality of life. Learning techniques to easily overcome everyday stress would reducedreduce anxiety and improve the quality of life in military personnel of the Serbian Armed Forces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper advocates the participation of the military psychologists in peacekeeping missions. It has compared the peacekeeping mission tasks performed by the military psychologists in the Serbian and Austrian Armed Forces and it has highlighted the main differences. The conclusion is that the engagement of the military psychologists in the preparatory work of the Serbian Armed Forces members should be increased, and the military psychologists should participate in peacekeeping missions or be given the opportunity to collect data in the field. Additionally, it would be useful to study the selection process and preparatory programs for peacekeeping mission participants in the Nordic countries and the USA.

The Single European Sky (SES) is the initiative of the European Commission, which should provide legal framework for unifying the European Sky into a whole. The European Commission has assigned the task to EUROCONTROL to provide technical support and assist in the implementation of this initiative. Airspace Block refers to the airspace of dimensions that are defined in time and space, within which Air Navigation Services are provided (hereinafter: ANS). According to the SES terminology and definition of the term from the European Parliament and Council Regulation (EC), Functional Airspace Block (FAB) is a block of airspace based on operational requirements. It has been established regardless of national borders in which the provision of ANS and functions in relation to them have been driven efficiently and optimized with the aim of enhancing cooperation between providers in air navigation in every FAB or, where possible, to introduce an integrated service provider.

The possession of adequate vehicles for the transport of people and load is a prerequisite for successful execution of the transport tasks in the Armed Forces because the unification of transport needs reduces costs. The paper presents concrete examples for the selection of vehicles, and it is suggested to renew the car stock by the vehicle category - wagon with double cab (road vehicle). Furthermore, technical and scientific research methods have been implemented and used, as well as the practical implementation of the program in Microsoft EXCEL developed by the author of this paper, and they are based on all mathematical rules that define TOPSIS, that is PROMETHEE method of multiple-criteria decision-making used for vehicle selection. According to their implementation, the results have been obtained regarding vehicle selection - a unique first-ranked solution using both methods of multiple-criteria decisionmaking, and a special emphasis has been placed in the cases of changing the value of the attribute, which also confirmed the change in the alternative ranking - the decision itself, and it has confirmed the expected results that the solution depends, above all, on the decision-makers themselves. There are limitations in this paper related to a set of alternatives. Namely, only four car manufacturers in the Republic of Serbia market the requested model, and a set of criteria is limited to five, but not strictly, since the decisionmaker always has the possibility of expanding them. The implication is dedicated to the description of the problem itself - why it is necessary to renew wagon with double cab (road vehicle). Moreover, the best selection using TOPSIS and PROMETHEE methods has been defined. .

Internal audit is an established independent, highly professional and objective, assessing and advisory activity, which is done in order to provide the management with services in order to create new value and improve the business. It achieves its objectives through a systematic and disciplined approach to the assessment and improvement of the effectiveness of the risk management, control, and management. The area of internal audit extends from reviews of financial statements, to verification and evaluation of the effectiveness and efficiency of the entire business process. Bearing in mind that the needs of the defense system are of the highest importance for any country, the necessity of establishing the internal audit is the most effective mechanism for financial and operational improvements in the business operations, aimed at increasing the combat readiness, with legal, dedicated, cost-effective and efficient use of budget funds. This paper presents the scope and legal base of the internal audit in the Ministry of Defense and the Serbian Armed Forces, on the general cognitive bases, through presenting the concept and importance of internal audit. It also points to the key areas of locating the internal audit in the defense system, which can contribute both to costeffectiveness and efficiency, and greater overall value.

The paper analyzes the level of compatibility of the defense cooperation between Serbia and Turkey from 2004 to 2014 with the concept of Ahmet Davutoglu’s foreign policy presented in his book “Strategic Depth”. The article mainly uses the comparative method to compare the level of defense cooperation between Turkey and Serbia, as well as Turkey and “Kosovo”. The same method is also used to compare the perceived level of defense cooperation with Davutoglu’s ideas presented in the afore-mentioned book. In doing so, the following is emphasized as comparative areas: the contractual basis of the defense cooperation, high-level bilateral visits, and specific activities within the framework of the cooperation in the area of defense. Qualitative analysis of documents was used to collect data from the official websites of the Ministry of Defense of Serbia, certain institutions of the Serbian Armed Forces, the Ministry for the Kosovo Security Forces, as well as Davutoglu’s book. The author has found that during the said period Turkey intensively supported the development of the defense sector of “Kosovo”, while its cooperation with Serbia was limited to activities of more political than military nature, which completely coincides with the ideas of “Strategic Depth”. He concludes that in the future period the defense cooperation between Belgrade and Ankara will continue to develop primarily towards bilateral relations at the political level, emphasizing the election of Davutoglu as the Turkish Prime Minister, and Erdogan as the Turkish President, to be aggravating circumstances, along with the crisis of trilateral cooperation between Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Turkey as the dominant framework of Serbian-Turkish political communication. On the other hand, the cooperation between Ankara and Pristina will most likely continue at the same or even more intense pace, considering that there are no major obstacles to its development.

The Serbian Armed Forces and its formations, at all organization levels, perform their missions and tasks by conducting their operations. To conduct the operations, the Serbian Armed Forces need to have certain capabilities that are set before them, i.e. defined as requirements. To determine the Serbian Armed Forces’ capacity to fulfill the requirements regarding their capabilities, it is necessary to establish the current level of capabilities, and then the next required level to be reached at some point. In this entire process, it is impossible to talk about the development and use of capabilities, unless the cost factors are directly involved, which eventually are decisive for reaching a specified level of capability. Depending on the step, or the phase of the capability management process, one can talk about the role and importance of the costs, i.e. the cost factor and models, which, in conjunction with other factors, can be applied to reach the required capabilities. The ultimate goal of this process is getting to know the nature, structure and size of the likely future costs that will enable the execution of all alternative force structures and, through their influence on the development and use of the Serbian Armed Forces’ capabilities, compensate for any possible shortcomings that may be identified in the management process of the Serbian Armed Forces’ capabilities.

The paper describes methods and techniques of inspection supervision of the Serbian Armed Forces' operational capabilities. Realistic assessment of operational capabilities is a key element for successful planning of employment of the Serbian Armed Forces' units in different types of operations. The requirement for realistic identification of operational capabilities is a choice of methods for collecting the relevant data in order to obtain an objective assessment of current operational capabilities. With applying certain methods, the focus is on designing a tool that can measure the manifestations of operational capabilities' elements. To evaluate the operational capabilities, it is necessary to apply different methods and techniques, whereby a realistic picture of the operational capabilities of the Serbian Armed Forces' units and commands is obtained.

Vojska Srbije je jedina institucija društvenog sistema Republike Srbije koja poseduje i namenski koristi amfibijska sredstva. Cilj članka jeste sagledavanje uticaja amfibijskih sredstava na tri, po mnogim ekolozima i najbitnija indikatora životne sredine: zemljištu, vazduhu i vodi. U članku su, pored uticaja amfibijskih sredstava na indikatore životne sredine, obrađene i mere za unapređenje i poboljšanje sistema zaštite životne sredine sa aspekta promene načina upotrebe i rekonstrukcije samih sredstava. Članak je nastao prevashodno na osnovu kombinacije iskustava autora u radu sa amfibijskim sredstvima, kao i na osnovu elementarnih teoretskih odredbi vezanih za sistem zaštite životne sredine. Prikazano je koliko samo jedan tip sredstava koje Vojska Srbije trenutno koristi može štetno da deluje na životnu sredinu. Treba uzeti u obzir činjenicu da u radu nisu obuhvaćeni svi štetni efekti rada amfibijskih sredstava, već samo negativni uticaji na osnovne indikatore životne sredine. / The Serbian Army is the only institution of the social system in the Republic of Serbia which posesses amphibious vehicles and uses them for their designated purpose. The goal of this paper is to draw conclusions regarding the influence of amphibious vehicles on the three parts of the environment many scientists find the most important: land, air and water. The paper processes the influence of amphibious military vehicles on the basic parts of environment, as well as the measures for the improvement of safety and environmental management systems regarding the change in the usage and reconstruction of the vehicles. This paper is based on the authors' own experience in work with amphibious vehicles combined with the basic theoretical postulates of the safety and environmental management systems. It also shows how many negative consequences on the environment can be caused by just one type of the military vehicles. It is very important to emphasize that this paper does not include all negative influences of amphibious vehicles on the environment, since it is based on the negative influence of amphibiuos vehicles on the basic indicators of environment only.

The power of brands is very high, so it is important to know how they work; how they are managed; how they are created and maintained; why some are successful, and others are not. However, branding is not just about function, presence or visibility; emotional connection with people is of paramount importance for a complete success. The Serbian Armed Forces are one of the oldest brand, which has huge social significance and impact. It is a brand that is firmly rooted in the minds of people, which, despite all the tragic events of the early 1990s, arouses positive emotions. The Serbian Army lost its identity back in 1918. Since the Union of Serbia and Montenegro was dissolved, the Serbian Armed Forces have been in quest for its identity, shattered image, elements of a new name, ideas, and structures. True and strong brands are long-lived. However, in case of their neglect, carelessness and lack of commitment, they need revitalization and rebranding.

This paper discusses examples of gender sensitive job qualifications, with the emphasis on jobs and ranks of professional military personnel. It provides the most common reasons for and against these qualifications, as well as a brief review of professional debates in this field. The results of the analysis of data obtained by the research conducted in the defense system of the Republic of Serbia show that there is a general hostility towards the introduction of gender-sensitive addressing to service women. It has been noticed that this hostility is larger in younger than in older military personnel, which is explained by fear from competition and fear from negative reaction of close environment to new rules of addressing.

The basic concept of control is to create a process that ensures the achievement of objectives with appropriate quality, funds preservation and management in compliance with law and other regulations and procedures, and the preparation and development of reliable financial and business reports. The business compliance is a requirement for the business to be in conformity with the applicable laws, regulations, standards, agreed policies, postulates, and all the patterns of behavior that make the processes legal and socially acceptable. Implementation of internal financial control in the defense system provides and enables efficient and rational use of funds for financing the defense expenditures, on the one hand, and on the other hand, significantly reduces the possibility of irregularities, fraud, corruption, and occurrences of organized crime.

Peacekeeping operations have an irreplaceable role in establishing, building and maintaining peace in crisis-struck regions worldwide. The operations are conducted according to pre-developed plans and predefined models of use, which are made separately for each mission. The countries contributing their forces to peacekeeping operations deploy personnel, technical resources, special-use assets, and, when necessary, specialized personnel for which some compensation can be obtained. According to the above, the paper presents a model of calculating the costs of preparation of the Serbian Armed Forces' declared units to contribute to peacekeeping operations.

Naredbom načelnika Generalštaba JA general-pukovnika Koče Popovića, od 3. novembra 1948. godine, formiran je Vojnotehnički institut Jugoslovenske armije. Bila je to jedna od vizionarskih odluka ondašnjeg najvišeg državnog i vojnog rukovodstva kao odgovor na totalnu političku, ekonomsku i vojnu blokadu naše zemlje izazvanu odlukom Informbiroa. Sličnih kriznih situacija u našoj savremenoj istoriji bilo je napretek, a pri tome se uvek postavljalo pitanje – kako što brže obezbediti adekvatno naoružanje i efikasno se suprotstaviti. Pitanje sopstvenog razvoja naoružanja je uvek aktuelno, a u središtu odgovora na njega, uvek se nalazio Vojnotehnički institut. Danas je Vojnotehnički institut najveća vojna naučnoistraživačka ustanova sa tradicijom dugom šest decenija. Zapošljava skoro 600 lica, od kojih dvadesetak doktora nauka, sa najvišim naučnim i nastavnim zvanjima i oko 70 magistara nauka. Stručnjaci Vojnotehničkog instituta su, pored svojih obaveza u institutu, angažovani na izvođenju nastave na Vojnoj akademiji i na fakultetima. Kadrovska struktura instituta veoma je slična kadrovskoj strukturi savremenih vojnih instituta u razvijenim zapadnim zemljama.

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This article focuses on the democratization of civil–military relations and the implementation of democratic control of the armed forces in the Republic of Serbia. By analyzing the basic parameters of democratic civil–military relations, we attempt to evaluate whether civil–military relations in the Republic of Serbia can be classified into a type of relations that occur in consolidated democracies. Based on an examination of legal documents and other data, this article concludes that democratic changes since October 2000 have greatly influenced the course of relations between military and political elites and that civil–military relation in Serbia meet most of the defined parameters. However, due to the difficulties in the implementation of this control in practice, civil–military relations in Serbia can only partially be classified as a type of relations that occur in consolidated democracies. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Dan tehničke službe Vojske Srbije ove godine prvi put je obeležen 15. septembra. Toga dana 1891. godine u barutani Obilićevo pored Kruševca započela je proizvodnja nitroceluloznog (bezdimnog) baruta, što je omogućilo da kragujevački Zavod do 1901. godine osvoji proizvodnju municije 7×57 mm za puške mauzer M 1899. Tokom 1908. godine linija za izradu pešadijske municije je obnovljena, pa je dnevni kapacitet dostigao cifru od 100.000 metaka M99. Na osnovu razvoja i osavremenjivanja vojne industrije, Srbija se ubrzano pripremala za trijumfalni izlazak na istorijsku scenu i pobede u Balkanskim ratovima i Prvom svetskom ratu. Danas Tehnička služba predstavlja deo jednog složenog sistema, veoma značajnog za borbenu gotovost, a time i za sistem odbrane u celini. Ova delatnost je u sastavu Uprave za odbrambene tehnologije, koja je sa puno razloga formirana od pređašnja dva sektora, Sektora za vojnoprivrednu delatnost (sa Upravom za istraživanje i razvoj, odeljenjem za standardizaciju, vojnom kontrolom kvaliteta i još nekim segmentima), sa jedne strane, odnosno Sektora za pozadinu (sa tehničkim upravama vidova i Vojnotehničkim institutom), sa druge strane. Tako su objedinjene i sve dosadašnje nadležnosti ova dva sektora.