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The increase in life expectancy is a global trend in the field of population. The purpose of the article is to identify the changes in the components of the resource potential of Russians belonging to different real generations but being in the same age phase of 50–69 years. The first cohort reached the age of 50–69 years in 1993, the second in 2021. Within the framework of the study, resource potential is understood as a set of significant socio-psychological, economic and personal characteristics necessary for leading an active social and everyday life. E. Rosset’s position on the lengthening of the period of adulthood with an increase in life expectancy is taken as the methodological basis of the study. The provisions of the theory of social activity and the sociological approach to personal self-sufficiency are used to identify qualitative changes in the social and personal characteristics of Russians who are at a transitional stage of their life path from maturity to old age. The research hypothesis about gradual changes in the ways of organizing life, attitudes and behavior in people in transition from adulthood to old age is tested based on a comparison of data from two studies – RUSSET, Wave 1, 1993; the National Survey of the Older Generation under the SHARE program (population 50+), 2021. The social characteristics and attitudes of respondents who are in the same age phase (50–69 years old), but belong to different age cohorts that differ by generation length, are compared. The intensity and severity of family, professional, communication, etc. differentiates life choices on a scale from “active life” to “survival”. The main result of the study was the differentiation of the components of the resource potential of the older generation into changeable and stable ones. Trends were identified that reflect qualitative changes in the resource potential of older generations of Russians. They cannot be unambiguously characterized as positive or negative. In the context of the problem of human potential, the most significant change is associated with an increase in the level of education of older Russians. Older Russians are a highly educated population with high demands on society and an active social position. The rigidity of attitudes towards retirement age and professional employment constrains the resource potential of older Russians. In conclusion, it is concluded that the results obtained during the study can serve as an additional basis for the practical implementation of tasks related to the mobilization of the human resource of older Russians.

Copyright of Journal of Economics & Human Development is the property of Association of Arab Universities and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study explores the food culture of Jerusalem’s rural villages, comparing the culinary traditions of those communities displaced during the Nakba of 1948 with those communities who remained rooted in their land. Food culture, including the maintenance of traditional recipes and ingredients, as well as alterations and adaptations, is living evidence of the complex and continuing relationship of those living in villages surrounding Jerusalem to their lands. Food is also a marker of resilience, identity, and memory in the face of settler-colonial displacement. Using recipe analysis, focus group discussions, and interviews, this study examines the disruption of the Palestinian agricultural model by displacement and colonization, and how this has impacted Palestinian food culture. Palestinian food culture has thus been shaped by the loss of agricultural land and by the loss of access to certain products, but also by the introduction of new ingredients, labor market transformation, and the presence or absence of social solidarity (al-‘awna), which includes assistance from extended family members and fellow villagers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rice is an important food crop in Ghana. However, its production has constantly been below 40% of the demand, and most of the requirements meet from imports. Such low production level is largely attributed to farmers’ sub-optimal crop and water management practices. As an effort toward sustainably improving rice yield, three-season on-farm participatory experiments were conducted within the Biem watershed in Ghana to determine the potential of good agricultural practices (GAP) for closing the rice yield gap with agronomic and economic sustainability. Good agricultural practices were compared with 23 farmers’ traditional practices on lowland rice growth and yield, profitability, and nutrient use efficiency. The effect of alternate wetting and drying (AWD) with GAP on grain yield of rice was also determined. Rice yield was on average 28% higher under GAP than farmers’ practices (FP). Alternate wetting and drying did not have significant effect on rice yield when compared to continuous flooding. However, when GAP was combined with AWD, rice yield was 13% higher than under FP. Furthermore, the results of the study indicate that major gains in nitrogen use efficiency (+1.48 kg grain kg−1 N; +2.4%), and net profit (+694.35 USD ha−1; +59%) were achievable through the adoption of GAP. There is therefore, a high potential to close the lowland rice yield gap and achieve rice self-sufficiency through the adoption of GAP in the lowlands of the Inland valley of Ghana and similar rice production regions of West Africa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Decarbonisation policies are often implemented in cities through the promotion of rooftop solar resources. However, urban solar assessments need to identify favourable locations and appropriate sizing to effectively support these strategies. This research aims to estimate the potential for photovoltaic (PV) systems in a dense urban context, as a basis for future policy support. The downtown district of Toronto, Ontario (Canada) is examined as a case study using the 2030 online platform. This work adopts a multi-scalar methodology to model the potential of roof-mounted PV systems for the main residential archetypes. An urban-scale GIS-LiDAR assessment, informed by environmental criteria, is followed by a block-level optimization using URBANopt, which considers energy and economic parameters. The rooftop GIS-based analysis estimates that up to 20% of electricity consumption for detached houses could be satisfied, primarily in the summer, and 5% for apartment buildings. Optimization with URBANopt shows that solar collective configurations can provide significant benefits to users, primarily in terms of economics. When optimization is performed by clusters for each block, the benefits over single-building analysis are evident, particularly in reducing lifecycle costs. In the selected case study, polycrystalline panels with net metering can achieve self-sufficiency levels ranging from 18% to 41% for residential blocks. This study confirms that solar PV systems can increase local production, reduce grid energy dependency, and support energy communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose. A preliminary assessment of the efficiency characteristics of the functioning of a hybrid solar-wind system designed to meet the self-consumption needs of a local consumer, assuming the inability to generate surplus energy from renewable sources to the grid. Methodology. Based on the use of analytical methods of statistical data processing, which enable a detailed analysis and interpretation of the obtained results. Findings. The calculations of efficiency indicators have been carried out - the cost reduction coefficient and the self-sufficiency ratio for a conditional local facility with a specified load connected to the grid. Based on the calculation results, the choice of location for placing a hybrid system with renewable energy sources has been justified. An analysis of periods with high and low renewable energy generation in the specified location has been conducted to determine rational equipment parameters and strategies for energy flows managing for maximum self-sufficiency of the local consumer. Originality. It has been established that during the planning of hybrid system, it is possible preliminary to assess the efficiency indicators for a simplified configuration of a hybrid system that does not involve the use of energy storage devices. Practical value. The paper provides recommendations for evaluating the efficiency of hybrid solarwind systems at the initial stages of system development. It is shown that assessing the loss reduction coefficient based on the average monthly generation of renewable energy sources, averaged over a multi-year period, can lead to the incorrect result (inflated values of the indicators). For more accurate assessments, it is recommended to calculate efficiency indicators using hourly values of renewable energy generation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Being determined by economic, political and social factors, spiritual culture is a reflection of the socio-political state of society. In the context of this relationship, it is of considerable interest to study the conditions in which theatrical business developed at the initial stage of the Soviet theater formation. The tendency of directive management of the theater in order to turn it into a means of political enlightenment of the masses was combined with the requirements of artistry aimed at solving the problems of aesthetic education of the working spectator. The purpose of the article is to study the forms and methods of this work, to determine the degree of their effectiveness in solving the tasks set by the authorities, to assess the overall level of the provincial theater development in the 1920s and early 1930s. Materials and methods. The article is based on materials drawn from documents of the State Archive of the Russian Federation, the Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History and the State Archive of the Penza Region: minutes of the Art Workers Union Board meetings, the personnel book of the Penza Provincial branch of the Art Workers Trade Union, Repertoire commissions protocols, etc. The research methodology is based on the principles of historicism and objectivity, comparative and analytical methods, as well as the concept of social constructionism, which contributed to the productive study of the creative theatrical intelligentsia simultaneously in two kinds: on the one hand, as an object of state influence, on the other, as a subject forming a new cultural reality, free from obsolete forms and methods, and accumulating new, Soviet, cultural values. Results. The state policy on the theatrical business management in the country, the implementation of its ideas and principles at the provincial level, the general state of theatrical business are investigated. Conclusions. As a result of the study, the following conclusions were made. The development of theatrical business in the Penza province was in line with all-Russian trends, however, it encountered additional difficulties due, first of all, to the general economic condition of the region, its agrarian specifics. The scarcity of theater budgets did not allow for a long time to form a permanent theater troupe, and the social composition of the artistic environment (mainly noble-bourgeois-peasant) and the almost complete absence of a party stratum in the artistic environment hindered the introduction of a modern, revolutionary repertoire, which the authorities considered necessary for the political education of the masses. In the late 1920s – early 1930s the control over the theaters repertoire was carried out not only by the Glavrepertkom and repertoire commissions on the ground, but also by Artistic and Political Councils at theaters. Their role was not limited to censorship functions – the activity of the Soviets also had significant educational significance. As a result of the whole complex of measures to manage the theatrical business, by the mid – 1930s, the creative intelligentsia had fully adapted to the political line of the authorities in the field of theatrical creativity.

Copyright of Journal of Application Business & Management / Jurnal Aplikasi Bisnis dan Manajemen is the property of IPB University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of the article is to substantiate the stages, methods, techniques, indicators of an integral estimation of self-development of regions as a basis for determining the tools to stimulate regional self-development. There proposed definitions of such concepts as self-development, self-sufficiency, self-government and self-financing of the region. The sequence of stages for determining the integral index of the level of regional self-development is substantiated. There clarified the definition of «the level of self-development of the region», combining self-sufficiency, as the ability to maintain the current level of development using the own resources to provide an appropriate level of implementation functions imposed on the region, and the region’s ability to generate new competitive advantages upon the availability of management mechanisms. There justified the components of regional self-development: self-sufficiency, self-government, self-financing, for the assessment of which at the methodological and practical level there built integral indices by the method of entropy, and the regions are distributed by the level of self-sufficiency, self-government and self-financing. The evaluation of the level of self-development of Ukrainian regions by components is carried out. Prospects for further research are forecasting the values of components of self-development of regions, identifying changes in the state of the indices and developing on this basis recommendations to improve the position of regions in terms of self-development.

From an ecological perspective the use of firewood species implies chronic pressure on wood vegetation, but from a biocultural point of view the implications are more systemic and complex. The objective of this work was to make a comprehensive analysis of the biocultural characteristics of firewood plants used by two rural communities in arid Patagonia, considering their cultural attributes, value as fuel and ecological persistence traits against continuous extraction. The study was carried out with 33 participants, and ethnobotanical information was collected on the use, preferences and attributes of species used, together with ecological information obtained from a bibliographical review. Of the 28 firewood species registered, 12 stood out as being preferred for firewood use. Native plants (66.6%) were generally preferred to exotic species (33.3%). Several ecological features of the preferred plants were noted, such as vegetative regeneration (43%), high geographical distribution (36%) and nitrogen fixation (18%). Most of these species also present a high level of utilitarian versatility, and are therefore multipurpose resources. These characteristics, of both ecological and cultural importance, should be key criteria for the selection of species for forestry programmes related to the development of firewood plantations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Problems of Economy is the property of Research Centre for Industrial Developmen Problems of Nas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

It is often assumed that Paul, even more than the rest of the New Testament, is concerned with ethereal matters and are therefore inconsequential in contributing to a proper awareness of an economy ethics and the moulding of a corresponding ethos. As much as the Pauline letters cannot be presented as a textbook for economic theory and practice, ancient or modern, it is nevertheless argued that Paul showed considerable concern for the socio-economical situation of the communities he addressed. In this article an initial attempt is made to reread Paul’s letters with a view towards identifying and formulating that which emerges as his “economic vision”. Taking the socio-historical context of the first century CE into consideration and setting it against the broader discussion on Pauline economic perspectives, the emphasis here is on some Pauline comments on work.