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(1) Background: Pyemotes ventricosus dermatitis, caused by free-living mites, could be difficult to diagnose since bites are painless and ectoparasites are not visible. We present an unpublished clinical case that occurred in Italy and an extensive review of clinical cases and outbreaks of Pyemotes species. (2) Methods: Case reports and outbreaks of Pyemotes spp. were searched for on Pubmed and Embase. Epidemiological and clinical data were analysed with descriptive statistics. (3) Results: In total, we found 40 case reports and 21 outbreaks to be considered in this review. The majority of cases involved young females, occurred in summer and were observed in Europe. Dermatitis was the most common clinical manifestation. Diagnosis was mainly based on risk factors. Treatment was based on topical steroids and antihistamine drugs. Regarding outbreaks, contact with grain or feed and exposure with infested furniture were the main risk factors. The mean number of involved patients were 69, with symptoms most commonly ending within a week. (4) Conclusions: Pyemotes ventricosus dermatitis is underreported, especially in countries like Africa and Central and South-America, since disease is self-limiting and comet sign is reported in a quarter of cases. The reduction in use of pesticides in agriculture could lead to an increased exposure to Pyemotes spp. in the future.

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a serious condition triggered by SARS-COV-2 infection, characterized by persistent fever, multiorgan dysfunction, and increased inflammatory markers. It requires hospitalization and prompt treatment, with nearly 60% of the cases needing intensive care and 2% fatality rate. A wide spectrum of clinical characteristics and therapeutic approaches has been reported in MIS-C. We describe a series of four patients with MIS-C, defined according to the current case definitions, with a self-limiting course and no need for immunomodulatory treatment (“self-limiting MIS-C”). Few data about self-limiting MIS-C are available to date and no information on medium- and long-term outcome of this subset of patients has been reported. Although limited in size, our experience provides new insights into the MIS-C syndrome, highlighting an underestimated aspect of the disease that may have significant therapeutic implications.

(1) Background: Pyemotes ventricosus dermatitis, caused by free-living mites, could be difficult to diagnose since bites are painless and ectoparasites are not visible. We present an unpublished clinical case that occurred in Italy and an extensive review of clinical cases and outbreaks of Pyemotes species. (2) Methods: Case reports and outbreaks of Pyemotes spp. were searched for on Pubmed and Embase. Epidemiological and clinical data were analysed with descriptive statistics. (3) Results: In total, we found 40 case reports and 21 outbreaks to be considered in this review. The majority of cases involved young females, occurred in summer and were observed in Europe. Dermatitis was the most common clinical manifestation. Diagnosis was mainly based on risk factors. Treatment was based on topical steroids and antihistamine drugs. Regarding outbreaks, contact with grain or feed and exposure with infested furniture were the main risk factors. The mean number of involved patients were 69, with symptoms most commonly ending within a week. (4) Conclusions: Pyemotes ventricosus dermatitis is underreported, especially in countries like Africa and Central and South-America, since disease is self-limiting and comet sign is reported in a quarter of cases. The reduction in use of pesticides in agriculture could lead to an increased exposure to Pyemotes spp. in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Key Clinical Message Benign acute childhood myositis is a self‐limiting muscle disorder characterized by calf pain with an isolated finding of elevated serum creatine kinase, being preceded by an influenza‐like illness. The classic clinical and laboratory features may allow for a correct diagnosis. This report describes some accompanying symptoms which are not usually perceived. An incorrect diagnosis could lead to unnecessary treatments.

Key Clinical Message: Benign acute childhood myositis is a self‐limiting muscle disorder characterized by calf pain with an isolated finding of elevated serum creatine kinase, being preceded by an influenza‐like illness. The classic clinical and laboratory features may allow for a correct diagnosis. This report describes some accompanying symptoms which are not usually perceived. An incorrect diagnosis could lead to unnecessary treatments. Benign acute childhood myositis is a self‐limiting muscle disorder characterized by calf pain with an isolated finding of elevated serum creatine kinase, being preceded by an influenza‐like illness. The classic clinical and laboratory features may allow for a correct diagnosis. This report describes some accompanying symptoms which are not usually perceived. An incorrect diagnosis could lead to unnecessary treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives To study occurrence of and factors associated with self-limiting arthritis among patients fulfilling the 2010 ACR/EULAR classification criteria for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (2010 RA criteria) in patients with ≤16 weeks׳ duration of joint swelling. Methods We applied the 2010 RA criteria in 1118 patients included in a 2-year longitudinal cohort. In all, 256 patients fulfilled the 2010 RA criteria at baseline; outcome was defined as either “self-limiting arthritis” (no DMARD use during follow-up, no swollen joints at last assessment, and no final clinical diagnosis of RA) or “persistent disease.” The associations between baseline characteristics, including the components of the 2010 RA criteria score, and outcomes were studied. Results In total, 36 of 256 patients (14.1%) classified as having RA had self-limiting arthritis. These patients differed from patients with persistent disease according to ACPA positivity (11.1% vs. 65.0%, p < 0.001), duration of joint swelling (median = 47.5 vs. 66.0 days, p = 0.002), 2010 RA criteria points (median = 6.0 vs. 7.0, p < 0.001), and ever smoking (52.8% vs. 74.5%, p = 0.01). Having no serology points and no duration points were independent predictors of self-limiting arthritis. The rate of self-limiting arthritis was 2.7% vs. 29.4% among ACPA positive vs. ACPA negative patients ( p < 0.001), and 32.5% when duration of joint swelling was <4 weeks vs. 10.6% with longer duration ( p < 0.001). Conclusions Negative ACPA status, short duration of joint swelling and being a never smoker were factors associated with self-limiting arthritis in early arthritis patients classified as having RA at presentation. Our findings contribute to identify patients who potentially do not need DMARDs and who should not be included in early RA clinical drug trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]