77 results on '"seism"'
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2. Incidencia estructural de la esterilla de bambú guadua ante eventos sísmicos en muretes de mampostería republicana.
- Author
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Sierra Alarcón, Luis, Rojas Manrique, Juan, Peña Agatón, Alejandro, and Takeuchi Tam, Caori
- Subjects
- *
GUADUA , *MASONRY , *MORTAR , *SEISMOLOGY , *COMPRESSIVE strength , *REPUBLICANS , *TENSILE tests , *WALLS , *DUCTILITY , *MATTING - Abstract
Republican masonry is part of the historical heritage of Latin America. However, their behavior in seismic events is not optimal, therefore the conservation of these constructions should consider the improvement of their structural behavior. This research studies the reinforcement with Guadua bamboo mat and analyzes its structural incidence in walls built with units recovered from republican constructions. For the experimental process, walls were built for compression and diagonal tension tests, classified in three groups: walls without reinforcement, walls reinforced with guadua mat, and walls reinforced with guadua mat covered with lime mortar and metakaolin. In the tests, although no increase in strength was observed in the reinforced walls, an increase in strain and ductility was observed. Therefore, the guadua mat represents a viable alternative to improve the behavior of republican structures in seismic events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
3. Modal, Dynamic and Seismic Analyses of the Pine Flat Concrete Gravity Dam
- Author
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Peton, P., Thénint, T., di Prisco, Marco, Series Editor, Chen, Sheng-Hong, Series Editor, Vayas, Ioannis, Series Editor, Kumar Shukla, Sanjay, Series Editor, Sharma, Anuj, Series Editor, Kumar, Nagesh, Series Editor, Wang, Chien Ming, Series Editor, Bolzon, Gabriella, editor, Sterpi, Donatella, editor, Mazzà, Guido, editor, and Frigerio, Antonella, editor
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Aspectos teórico-metodológicos sobre la predicción de terremotos.
- Author
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Galbán-Rodriguez, Liber
- Subjects
- *
PREDICTION theory , *AREA studies , *EDGES (Geometry) , *TOURS , *EARTHQUAKE prediction - Abstract
Earthquakes are the geological events that have generated the most transformations in the history of our planet. Although to date scientists have not been able to predict or forecast an earthquake, the detailed knowledge of its genesis, the constant and combined application of the different theories and methods that have been designed for these tasks; as well as, the application of a set of regional studies and governmental, local organizational and executive measures could reduce the high-risk situations that exist today in several countries. On this occasion, a tour of the main edges of these issues is made, starting from its conceptual framework, some of the main earthquake prediction theories invented by man to date are reviewed, so that scientists and decision-makers at the international level They can apply the methodological precepts exposed to their daily work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
5. Aspecte privind izolarea seismica a bazei.
- Author
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Abdulfattah Abdulfattah, Zainulabdeen K., Niculae, Vlad Stefan, and Stoica1, Daniel
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BASE isolation system ,CONSTRUCTION planning ,STRUCTURAL models ,ALTITUDES ,BASEMENTS - Abstract
Copyright of Romanian Journal of Civil Engineering / Revista Română de Inginerie Civilă is the property of Matrix Rom and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Le tremblement de terre politique (1755-1759). « Le Portugal accablé et ébranlé »
- Author
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José Subtil
- Subjects
jesuítas ,terramoto ,Jesuits ,Carvalho e Melo (Marquês de Pombal) ,attentat ,tremblement de terre de Lisbonne ,ataque ,Lisbon earthquake ,Terramoto de 1755 ,attempt ,séisme ,jésuites ,Carvalho e Melo (marquis of Pombal) ,seism ,terramoto de Lisboa ,Carvalho e Melo (marquis de Pombal) - Abstract
L’article décrit les énormes conséquences politiques du séisme dans le gouvernement du Portugal, à l’origine d’une centralisation politique sans précédent, conduite dans les années après 1755 par le groupe du secrétaire d’État Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo (futur comte d’Oeiras et Marquis de Pombal). Si la plupart des aspects de cette centralisation sont bien connus, l’article montre l’enchaînement presque vertigineux d’événements que le séisme a rendus possibles : mesures d’exception suivies de conspirations contre le ministre Carvalho e Melo, tentative d’attentat contre le roi, suivie de répression brutale contre la grande noblesse et la Compagnie de Jésus. L’auteur montre très concrètement comment la destruction physique des lieux du pouvoir (le palais royal, les tribunaux et les conseils) a permis une actuation politique nouvelle, basée sur l’accaparement de compétences par les fidèles du ministre et le développement du pouvoir des intendants, au détriment des formes traditionnelles de décision politique et d’administration de la justice. This article describes the enormous political consequences of the 1755 earthquake. It originated an unprecedented political centralization, conducted in the years after 1755 by the faction of the secretary of state Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo (the future Count of Oeiras and Marquis de Pombal). While most aspects of this centralization are well known, the article shows the sequence of political events that the earthquake made possible: exceptional measures originated conspiracies against Carvalho e Melo and an attempt to assassinate the King, which was followed by a brutal repression against the nobility and the Society of Jesus. The author shows concretely how the physical destruction of the places of power (the royal palace, courts and councils) allowed for new forms of political action, at the expenses of traditional forms of decision-making and administration of justice. O artigo descreve as enormes consequências políticas do terramoto no governo de Portugal, que levou a uma centralização política sem precedentes nos anos posteriores a 1755 pelo grupo do Secretário de Estado Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo (mais tarde Conde de Oeiras e Marquês de Pombal). Embora a maioria dos aspectos desta centralização sejam bem conhecidos, o artigo mostra a sequência quase vertiginosa de acontecimentos que o terramoto tornou possível: medidas de emergência seguidas de conspirações contra o ministro Carvalho e Melo, tentativa de assassinato do rei, seguida de brutal repressão contra a grande nobreza e a Companhia de Jesus. O autor mostra muito concretamente como a destruição física dos lugares de poder (o palácio real, os tribunais e os conselhos) permitiu uma nova actuação política, baseada na monopolização das competências pelos seguidores do ministro e no desenvolvimento do poder dos pretendentes, em detrimento das formas tradicionais de decisão política e de administração da justiça.
- Published
- 2023
7. Le désastre de Lisbonne, un teras. En guise d’introduction
- Author
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Kleiman, Olinda
- Subjects
Voltaire ,Enlightenment ,teras ,terremoto de Lisboa ,Ilustración ,information ,Lumières ,tremblement de terre de Lisbonne ,Lisbon earthquake ,seísmo ,Information ,séisme ,seism ,Información - Abstract
Présentant le numéro monographique, Olinda Kleiman en situe le propos dans une interrogation sur les raisons qui ont fait du tremblement de terre de Lisbonne, au moins en Occident, l’exemple de référence des séismes catastrophiques, et plus généralement des désastres naturels. Compte sans doute au nombre de ces raisons la lumière que les écrits de Voltaire ont projetée sur l’événement, mais les facteurs qui ont contribué à cette notoriété exceptionnelle sont plus profonds et ne se réduisent pas non plus à la violence du phénomène, à l’étendue des destructions, ni à la richesse et au prestige de la capitale emportée par le désastre. Des études rassemblées dans le numéro, l’auteur tire la confirmation que cette catastrophe doit la place qui a été la sienne, synchroniquement et diachroniquement, dans la conscience européenne, au contexte des Lumières dont elle explore les aspects significatifs : diffusion de l’information, réactions de la société et transformations du pouvoir au Portugal, attitudes contrastées des témoins dans le compte rendu que leur correspondance donne des faits, conflits théoriques et pratiques enfin sur l’interprétation – théologique, métaphysique, scientifique – de l’événement et la conduite à tenir devant ses conséquences. Le tremblement de terre de Lisbonne eut l’écho que l’on sait parce que les problèmes qu’il posa et les débats qu’il fit naître mirent en résonance les ruptures et les résistances de l’époque. Olinda Kleiman sets out the purpose of the monographic issue to be a reflection on the reasons why the Lisbon earthquake of 1755 became, in the Western tradition at least, the emblem of the catastrophic tremor, or, generally, of any natural disaster. One could probably count amongst the causes the illustration shed on the event by Voltaire’s writings, but the main contributing factors in such exceptional notoriety go much deeper, and do not also boil down only to the particular violence of the seism, the extent of the destructions, or the wealth and prestige of the capital city wiped out in the disaster. In the studies collected in the volume Olinda Kleiman finds confirmation that the catastrophe owned its fame, and the place it holds in the European consciousness, to the historical context of the Enlightenment, of which she passes in review the most relevant aspects : diffusion of the news, reactions of the society and transformations in the political power in Portugal, difference of attitudes in the way the witnesses report the facts in their letters, and, finally, theoretical and practical conflicts on the theological, metaphysical and scientific interpretation of the event, and the course of action to deal with its consequences. The earthquake in Lisbon made such an impact, because the problems that it created and the controversies to which it gave rise brought into resonance the innovative transformations and the oppositions to change of the era. Al introducir este número monográfico, Olinda Kleiman sitúa el tema en una interrogación sobre las razones que hicieron del terremoto de Lisboa, al menos en Occidente, el ejemplo de referencia de los terremotos catastróficos, y más generalmente de las catástrofes naturales. Entre estas razones se encuentra sin duda la luz que los escritos de Voltaire arrojaron sobre el acontecimiento, pero los factores que contribuyeron a esta notoriedad excepcional son más profundos y no se reducen a la violencia del fenómeno, la amplitud de la destrucción, ni a la riqueza y el prestigio de la capital barridos por la catástrofe. A partir de los estudios reunidos en este número, la autora confirma que esta catástrofe debe su lugar, sincrónico y diacrónico, en la conciencia europea al contexto de la Ilustración, cuyos aspectos significativos explora : la difusión de la información, las reacciones de la sociedad y las transformaciones del poder en Portugal, las actitudes contrastadas de los testigos en el relato de los hechos dado en su correspondencia y, por último, los conflictos teóricos y prácticos en torno a la interpretación -teológica, metafísica, científica- del acontecimiento y la conducta a adoptar ante sus consecuencias. El terremoto de Lisboa tuvo el eco que conocemos porque los problemas que planteó y los debates que suscitó resonaron con las rupturas y resistencias de la época.
- Published
- 2023
8. ANALIZA COMPATIBILIZĂRII DISPOZITIVELOR DISIPATIVE METALICE NELINIARE CU DUCTILITATE AMPLIFICATĂ PENTRU PROTECŢIA ANTISEISMICĂ.
- Author
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PUNGOCI, Alexandru
- Subjects
EARTHQUAKE resistant design ,TENSILE architecture ,GEOMETRIC rigidity ,TALL buildings ,TIME measurements ,SEISMIC testing ,EARTHQUAKES - Abstract
Copyright of Synthesis of Theoretical & Applied Mechanics / Sinteze de Mecanică Teoretică și Aplicată is the property of Matrix Rom and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
9. Seismic Stability Analysis and Stabilization of an Unstable Urbanized Slope
- Author
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Khemissa, Mohamed, Seddiki, Ahmed, Abdalla, Hassan, Series editor, Abdul Mannan, Md., Series editor, Alalouch, Chaham, Series editor, Attia, Sahar, Series editor, Boemi, Sofia Natalia, Series editor, Bougdah, Hocine, Series editor, Bozonnet, Emmanuel, Series editor, De Bonis, Luciano, Series editor, Hawkes, Dean, Series editor, Kostopoulou, Stella, Series editor, Mahgoub, Yasser, Series editor, Mesbah Elkaffas, Saleh, Series editor, Mohareb, Nabil, Series editor, O. Gawad, Iman, Series editor, Oostra, Mieke, Series editor, Pignatta, Gloria, Series editor, Pisello, Anna Laura, Series editor, Rosso, Federica, Series editor, Kallel, Amjad, editor, Ksibi, Mohamed, editor, Ben Dhia, Hamed, editor, and Khélifi, Nabil, editor
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Terremoti, ruderi e ricostruzioni. Una proposta per la chiesa di Sant’ Agostino ad Amatrice
- Author
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Giulia Sanfilippo and Elisabetta Romano
- Subjects
seism ,ruinas ,design ,seismic safety ,Architecture ,NA1-9428 ,Archaeology ,CC1-960 - Abstract
The Church of Sant’Agostino is an aulic example of medieval mendicant architecture. The church is part of central Italy’s huge heritage reduced to ruin by the earthquake of 2016 and 2017. Those repeated seismic shocks caused the collapse of the rose window, the bell tower, the adjacent urbic door and the northwest side. The following work concerns the cultural and technological issues of the reconstruction project for a ruin which was caused by traumatic events. These ruins have intrinsic cultural values. This essay proposes design solutions for the church of Sant'Agostino: without altering the focus of the intervention, which consists of preservation of the cultural values of what still persists, the project envisages the reconstruction and rubble recycling, using constructive techniques that are both traditional and contemporary. Furthermore, the border line between the ruin and the rebuilt parts is marked out with both modern technological and formal solutions.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Analysis and Design of Sensors Based on MEMS Process
- Author
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En, De, Wei, Nana, Wei, Huanghe, Liu, Yangyang, Chen, Xiaoguang, Wang, Xudong, editor, Wang, Fuzhong, editor, and Zhong, Shaobo, editor
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. A post-seism rebuilding proposal for civil masonry buildings: A case study.
- Author
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Bagnoli, Matteo
- Subjects
- *
WOODEN-frame houses -- Design & construction , *EFFECT of earthquakes on buildings , *BUILDING failures prevention , *WOODEN-frame building design & construction , *EMERGENCY management , *BUILDING failures - Abstract
. The seismic events which affected Central Italy in the last ten years, in the city of L'Aquila 2009 and Amatrice in 2016, had catastrophic consequences, in particular concerning the loss of human lives and buildings in old towns. The use of good masonry was not sufficient and the building materials, in many cases of low quality, did not resist strong shakings, crumbling and causing the sudden collapse of the buildings. The real problem for small villages having an historic importance, like in Abruzzo municipalities, was rebuilding, in particular civil houses with one or two overground floors. The case study treated in my master thesis consisted in designing a low-cost wood house, energetically self-consistent, simple and easily assemblable, for the post-seismic phase. This should be exploitable not only in the emergency phase, i.e. as a temporary solution, but also as definitive solutions, which on one side does not deface the architecture of affected old towns, and on the other side does not bring to the birth of a "new town". This could be accomplished by preserving the external walls of a partially collapsed civil house, tying them with a new internal wood structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
13. Aspectos teórico-metodológicos sobre la predicción de terremotos
- Author
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Liber Galbán Rodríguez
- Subjects
International level ,metodología ,sismo ,History ,Earthquake prediction ,forecast ,methodology ,prediction ,General Medicine ,terremoto [predicción] ,pronóstico ,Conceptual framework ,Work (electrical) ,earthquake ,Regional studies ,Regional science ,seism ,Constant (mathematics) ,Set (psychology) - Abstract
Resumen Los terremotos son los eventos de origen geológico que más transformaciones han generado en la historia de nuestro planeta. Si bien hasta la fecha los científicos no han podido predecir o pronosticar un terremoto, el conocimiento detallado de su génesis, la aplicación constante y combinada de las distintas teorías y métodos que se han diseñado para estas tareas; así como, la aplicación de un conjunto de estudios regionales, medidas organizativas y ejecutivas gubernamentales y locales, podrían reducir las altas situaciones de riesgo que hoy existen en varios países. En esta ocasión se realiza un recorrido por las principales aristas de estas temáticas, partiendo de su marco conceptual, se revisan algunas de las principales teorías de predicción de terremotos inventadas por el hombre hasta la fecha, de manera que los científicos y decisores a nivel internacional puedan aplicar los preceptos metodológicos expuestos a su trabajo diario. Abstract Earthquakes are the geological events that have generated the most transformations in the history of our planet. Although to date scientists have not been able to predict or forecast an earthquake, the detailed knowledge of its genesis, the constant and combined application of the different theories and methods that have been designed for these tasks; as well as, the application of a set of regional studies and governmental, local organizational and executive measures could reduce the high-risk situations that exist today in several countries. On this occasion, a tour of the main edges of these issues is made, starting from its conceptual framework, some of the main earthquake prediction theories invented by man to date are reviewed, so that scientists and decision-makers at the international level They can apply the methodological precepts exposed to their daily work.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Penser le concept d’appropriation au prisme de la circulation des savoirs, des savoir‑faire et des techniques après le tremblement de terre de 2010 en Haïti
- Author
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Guiffault, Flore
- Subjects
History ,Asia ,Amérique ,sociologie des sciences et des techniques ,Asie ,America ,gouvernance environnementale ,sociology of risk ,Afrique ,Sociology ,appropriation et circulation des savoirs ,Know-how ,histoire ,Haïti ,appropriation and circulation of knowledge ,Co-construction ,développement ,SOC024000 ,Geography ,sociologie ,savoir-faire ,environmental governance ,SIG ,appropriation ,GIS ,savoirs ,Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary ,sociologie des risques ,Haiti ,anthropologie ,géographie ,development studies ,Transfer ,sociology of science and technics ,Circulation ,Knowledge ,Agency ,transferts ,Anthropology ,Africa ,circulations ,séisme ,agentivité ,France ,seism ,JHBC - Abstract
Le tremblement de terre de 2010 en Haïti a provoqué un sursaut des consciences. Grand absent pendant plusieurs décennies des programmes de réduction des risques et de gestion des désastres, le risque sismique fait son retour dans les politiques publiques. Une série d’actions est engagée par les acteurs de la reconstruction pour rattraper le retard pris dans la prévention des risques dits naturels. La nature est vue comme dangereuse, et les Haïtiens comme inaptes à faire face seuls aux grands dangers qui les menacent. La solution doit donc, au moins en partie, venir de l’extérieur. Elle est organisée par des acteurs étatiques et par ceux de l’aide au développement : organisations internationales et non gouvernementales, partenaires bilatéraux, bureaux des Nations unies, bailleurs de fonds. Le transfert de connaissances à travers des conférences, des formations, des ateliers participatifs et des rapports d’expertise doit permettre de construire à long terme une gouvernance des risques. En parallèle, des acteurs haïtiens luttent pour une reconnaissance de leurs compétences et un accès à la connaissance. Nous interrogeons le concept d’appropriation pour parler de ces différentes formes de circulation de savoirs, de savoir‑faire et de techniques pratiquées en Haïti après 2010. En comparant différentes acceptions du terme d’appropriation, nous analysons les enjeux dont sa définition fait l’objet, et les conséquences que cela peut avoir pour penser les processus qui nous intéressent. Notre analyse est construite sur deux cas de circulation de savoirs : une campagne d’analyse participative des risques menée par une ONG internationale en milieu rural et la construction d’un réseau national de surveillance sismique par des ingénieurs du Bureau des mines et de l’énergie. Les données utilisées pour illustrer l’analyse sont issues d’une enquête ethnographique en Haïti auprès des parties prenantes qui s’est déroulée entre juillet 2015 et janvier 2016. The 2010 earthquake brought awareness on the constant threat of seism in Haiti. Left aside from disaster risk reduction programs for several decades, the risk of seism is anew taken into consideration in public policies. Risk prevention actions have been engaged by actors of the reconstruction to catch up. Nature is seen as dangerous and Haitian unable to face by themselves the big dangers threatening them. Therefore, the solution, or at least part of it, needs to come from the outside. It is organized by the Haitian State and development aid stakeholders: international and non-governmental organizations, States, United Nations offices, donors. The transfer of knowledge through conferences, trainings, participative workshops and reports should allow the construction on the long-term of a risk governance. In parallel, Haitian actors fight for the recognition of their abilities and access to knowledge. We question the concept of appropriation to talk about those different circulation of knowledge, know-how and technics that happened after 2010. While confronting different acceptances of the concept of appropriation, we analyse the issues its definition can have on the comprehension of the processes we are interested in. Our analyse is founded on two cases of knowledge circulation: a participative campaign to analyse risk in a rural area and the construction of a national seismic surveillance network by engineers from the Mines and energy office. Data used to illustrate these analyse come from an ethnographic field work in Haiti that took place between July 2015 and January 2016.
- Published
- 2022
15. Vulnerabilidades y desigual proceso de reconstrucción después del sismo de Pisco del 15 de agosto de 2007 en la provincia de Chincha, Perú
- Author
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Robert D’Ercole, Robin Cavagnoud, Mathieu Morel, and Pierre Vernier
- Subjects
poverty ,vulnerability ,seism ,Pisco ,Chincha ,rebuilding ,Latin America. Spanish America ,F1201-3799 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
The rebuilding process following the seismic event which affected Peru on August 15, 2007 was deeply inegalitarian. Indeed, very few families were able to rebuild even more than one year after the disaster. The poorest, especially the ones who were not able to rely on the support of the social and power networks, were excluded from the rebuilding process. A survey was carried out with 1703 disaster victim families of the Chincha province and it shows that the population vulnerability, which was already high before the earthquake, increased because of the reinforcement of family precariousness, of the increase in vulnerability of constructions, and the fact that the social cohesion has been weakened.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. THE COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF HYDRODYNAMIC PRESSURES IN CYLINDRICAL TANKS.
- Author
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BUTNARU, Bogdan Alexandru, ŞANDRU, Mirela, FURIŞ, Dumitrel, and CREŢU, Dan Ilie
- Subjects
- *
HYDRODYNAMICS , *TANKS , *EARTHQUAKE zones , *CONVECTIVE flow , *OSCILLATIONS - Abstract
This article presents a comparative study of the values of hydrodynamic pressure and their resultants occurred during the seismic action using P100-1/2013 technical rules and the relations defined in the papers: [1], [3], [5] and the Romanian standard [2] SR EN 1998-4 (silos, tanks and pipelines), which is implemented in Romania. Two cylindrical tanks placed in the same seismic zone have been chosen, with the same amount of storage (about 5000 m³), but of different geometries, to illustrate the influence of hydrodynamic pressures on the construction size (long and short wall behavior) as a function of ratio of the fluid height on the cylinder radius and ratio of corner period on the eigenperiod of the fluid mass. Also in the analyses, in order to evaluate the hydrodynamic convective pressure both the fundamental period of oscillation of the fluid mass and the first ten periods of oscillation were used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Considerations on Seismic Design of Installations using Natural Gas Fuel.
- Author
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Tokar,, Adriana and Negoiţescu, Arina
- Subjects
- *
EARTHQUAKE resistant design , *NATURAL gas , *EARTHQUAKES , *FLAMMABILITY , *INSTALLATION of equipment - Abstract
The paper presents issues relating to existing standards underlying seismic design restrictions for non-structural components (NSC) related to constructions. Are presented measures that can be implemented to maintain a high level of safety in case of earthquake, natural gas plants, which due to the flammability of fuel, carry some risk of fire or explosion. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the need for seismic design of facilities using natural gas fuel for new buildings but also to review the existing installations in buildings by taking mandatory measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
18. Estudio geotécnico-estructural del túnel de Bombolí en la vía Alóag-Unión Toachi, Ecuador.
- Author
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Torrijo Echarri, Francisco Javier, Universitat Politècnica de València. Departamento de Ingeniería del Terreno - Departament d'Enginyeria del Terreny, Universitat Politècnica de València. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos - Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyers de Camins, Canals i Ports, Devesa Peiró, Francisco, Torrijo Echarri, Francisco Javier, Universitat Politècnica de València. Departamento de Ingeniería del Terreno - Departament d'Enginyeria del Terreny, Universitat Politècnica de València. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos - Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyers de Camins, Canals i Ports, and Devesa Peiró, Francisco
- Abstract
[ES] El presente trabajo trata la información necesaria para realizar el diseño y revestimiento del túnel previsto en la vía Alóag-Unión entre los PK¿s 20+221 a 21+959, en el suroeste de Quito, Ecuador. También contempla la caracterización del terreno por el que atravesará el túnel, así como el diseño de los emboquilles. Adicionalmente, se estudia la excavabilidad de la obra y un análisis de la bilbiografía existente para el cálculo del presupuesto., [EN] This work deals with the information necessary to carry out the design and lining of the planned tunnel on the Alóag-Unión road between KPs 20 + 221 to 21 + 959, in the southwest of Quito, Ecuador. It also includes the characterization of the terrain through which the tunnel will pass, as well as the design of the openings. Additionally, the excavability of the work and an analysis of the existing bibliography are studied to calculate the budget.
- Published
- 2021
19. Teorethical methodológical aspects about earthquake prediction
- Author
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Galbán Rodríguez, Liber and Galbán Rodríguez, Liber
- Abstract
Earthquakes are the geological events that have generated the most transformations in the history of our planet. Although to date scientists have not been able to predict or forecast an earthquake, the detailed knowledge of its genesis, the constant and combined application of the different theories and methods that have been designed for these tasks; as well as, the application of a set of regional studies and governmental, local organizational and executive measures could reduce the high risk situations that exist today in several countries. On this occasion, a tour of the main edges of these issues is made, starting from its conceptual framework, some of the main earthquake prediction theories invented by man to date are reviewed, so that scientists and decision-makers at the international level They can apply the methodological precepts exposed to their daily work., Los terremotos son los eventos de origen geológico que más transformaciones han generado en la historia de nuestro planeta. Si bien hasta la fecha los científicos no han podido predecir o pronosticar un terremoto, el conocimiento detallado de su génesis, la aplicación constante y combinada de las distintas teorías y métodos que se han diseñado para estas tareas; así como, la aplicación de un conjunto de estudios regionales, medidas organizativas y ejecutivas gubernamentales y locales, podrían reducir las altas situaciones de riesgo que hoy existen en varios países. En esta ocasión se realiza un recorrido por las principales aristas de estas temáticas, partiendo de su marco conceptual, se revisan algunas de las principales teorías de predicción de terremotos inventadas por el hombre hasta la fecha, de manera que los científicos y decisores a nivel internacional puedan aplicar los preceptos metodológicos expuestos a su trabajo diario., Os terremotos são os eventos geológicos que mais geraram transformações na história do nosso planeta. Embora até agora os cientistas não tenham sido capazes de prever ou prever um terremoto, o conhecimento detalhado de sua gênese, a aplicação constante e combinada das diferentes teorias e métodos que foram projetados para essas tarefas; bem como, a aplicação de um conjunto de estudos regionais, governamentais e locais de medidas organizacionais e executivas, poderia reduzir as situações de alto risco que hoje existem em vários países. Nesta ocasião, é feito um tour pelos principais limites dessas questões, partindo de seu quadro conceitual, algumas das principais teorias de previsão de terremotos inventadas pelo homem até o momento são revistas, para que cientistas e tomadores de decisão em nível internacional possam aplicar os preceitos metodológicos expostos ao seu cotidiano de trabalho.
- Published
- 2021
20. Aspectos teórico-metodológicos sobre la predicción de terremotos
- Author
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Galbán Rodríguez, Liber and Galbán Rodríguez, Liber
- Abstract
Earthquakes are the geological events that have generated the most transformations in the history of our planet. Although to date scientists have not been able to predict or forecast an earthquake, the detailed knowledge of its genesis, the constant and combined application of the different theories and methods that have been designed for these tasks; as well as, the application of a set of regional studies and governmental, local organizational and executive measures could reduce the high risk situations that exist today in several countries. On this occasion, a tour of the main edges of these issues is made, starting from its conceptual framework, some of the main earthquake prediction theories invented by man to date are reviewed, so that scientists and decision-makers at the international level They can apply the methodological precepts exposed to their daily work., Os terremotos são os eventos geológicos que mais geraram transformações na história do nosso planeta. Embora até agora os cientistas não tenham sido capazes de prever ou prever um terremoto, o conhecimento detalhado de sua gênese, a aplicação constante e combinada das diferentes teorias e métodos que foram projetados para essas tarefas; bem como, a aplicação de um conjunto de estudos regionais, governamentais e locais de medidas organizacionais e executivas, poderia reduzir as situações de alto risco que hoje existem em vários países. Nesta ocasião, é feito um tour pelos principais limites dessas questões, partindo de seu quadro conceitual, algumas das principais teorias de previsão de terremotos inventadas pelo homem até o momento são revistas, para que cientistas e tomadores de decisão em nível internacional possam aplicar os preceitos metodológicos expostos ao seu cotidiano de trabalho., Los terremotos son los eventos de origen geológico que más transformaciones han generado en la historia de nuestro planeta. Si bien hasta la fecha los científicos no han podido predecir o pronosticar un terremoto, el conocimiento detallado de su génesis, la aplicación constante y combinada de las distintas teorías y métodos que se han diseñado para estas tareas; así como, la aplicación de un conjunto de estudios regionales, medidas organizativas y ejecutivas gubernamentales y locales, podrían reducir las altas situaciones de riesgo que hoy existen en varios países. En esta ocasión se realiza un recorrido por las principales aristas de estas temáticas, partiendo de su marco conceptual, se revisan algunas de las principales teorías de predicción de terremotos inventadas por el hombre hasta la fecha, de manera que los científicos y decisores a nivel internacional puedan aplicar los preceptos metodológicos expuestos a su trabajo diario.
- Published
- 2021
21. 2D and 3D Digital Image Correlation in Civil Engineering – Measurements in a Masonry Wall.
- Author
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Ramos, Tiago, Furtado, André, Eslami, Shayan, Alves, Sofia, Rodrigues, Hugo, Arêde, António, Tavares, Paulo J., and Moreira, P.M.G.P.
- Subjects
DIGITAL image processing ,STATISTICAL correlation ,CIVIL engineering ,MASONRY ,REINFORCED concrete construction - Abstract
Reinforced concrete structures play an important role in modern buildings, and common architectural designs often include RC frames strengthened with infill masonry panels. Due to their brittle nature, these components’ failure and collapse have been subject of studies which can lead to proper structural diagnose and design in order to decrease their risk to human lives during seismic activities. Digital image correlation was used in two of these studies, in order to validate its ability for large specimens monitoring and future structural health monitoring applications. It enabled spatial reconstruction of the wall movement, characterization of its rigid body motion and measurement of both displacements and strain fields in in-plane and out-of-plane load applications. Data post-processing allowed the identification of common in-plane damages in the wall such as corner crushing and separation between infill and resistant structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Estudio geotécnico-estructural del túnel de Bombolí en la vía Alóag-Unión Toachi, Ecuador
- Author
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Devesa Peiró, Francisco
- Subjects
Bombolí ,NewAustriacMethod ,NuevoMétodoAustríaco ,NATM ,Tunnel ,Weathering ,Túnel ,Sismo ,Factordeseguridad ,Seism ,Clasificacióngeomecánica ,Kinematicstability ,Geomechanicalclassification ,Safetyfactor ,Tensiones ,Sostenimientos ,Excavabilidad ,Excavability ,Stresses ,Solutionstudy ,Ripabilidad ,INGENIERIA DEL TERRENO ,Estudiodesoluciones ,Quito ,Estabilidadcinemática ,Máster Universitario en Ingeniería de Caminos, Canales y Puertos-Màster Universitari en Enginyeria de Camins, Canals i Ports ,Meteorización ,Desplazamientos ,Rippability ,Ecuador ,Displacements ,Support - Abstract
[ES] El presente trabajo trata la información necesaria para realizar el diseño y revestimiento del túnel previsto en la vía Alóag-Unión entre los PK¿s 20+221 a 21+959, en el suroeste de Quito, Ecuador. También contempla la caracterización del terreno por el que atravesará el túnel, así como el diseño de los emboquilles. Adicionalmente, se estudia la excavabilidad de la obra y un análisis de la bilbiografía existente para el cálculo del presupuesto., [EN] This work deals with the information necessary to carry out the design and lining of the planned tunnel on the Alóag-Unión road between KPs 20 + 221 to 21 + 959, in the southwest of Quito, Ecuador. It also includes the characterization of the terrain through which the tunnel will pass, as well as the design of the openings. Additionally, the excavability of the work and an analysis of the existing bibliography are studied to calculate the budget.
- Published
- 2021
23. seism
- Author
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Herrmann, Helmut and Bucksch, Herbert
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Analysis of surface subsidence mechanism and regularity under the influence of seism and fault.
- Author
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Nie, Lei, Zhang, Min, and Jian, Heqing
- Subjects
LAND subsidence ,EARTH movements ,EARTHQUAKE zones ,HAZARD mitigation ,EMERGENCY management - Abstract
Surface subsidence with various formation mechanisms possesses varied and complex influencing factors. Thus, studying surface subsidence mechanism and regularity under different special geological conditions is important in implementing disaster prevention and reduction programs. This paper focuses on goaf surface subsidence under the influence of the interaction between seism and fault, taking the Changping Expressway surface subsidence as the case study. In the full investigation of the engineering geological conditions in research area, the graphic method and numerical simulation method FLAC3D are adopted to study surface subsidence mechanism and regularity, after which the influence of seism and fault on surface subsidence is explored. The results show that the Changping Expressway surface subsidence is caused by earthquake-induced reactivation of the old goaf. Under the influence of geological fault, the maximum surface settlement significantly increased, the location of the maximum surface subsidence became close to the fault side, and the subsidence deformation showed an apparent discontinuity near the fault. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Seismic protection of masonry infill walls for structures located in high seismic hazard zones in Spain, applicable to a building in the south of the province of Alicante
- Author
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Pallarés Rubio, Luis, Tubaldi, Enrico, Universitat Politècnica de València. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos - Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyers de Camins, Canals i Ports, Hurtado Orts, Inés, Pallarés Rubio, Luis, Tubaldi, Enrico, Universitat Politècnica de València. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos - Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyers de Camins, Canals i Ports, and Hurtado Orts, Inés
- Abstract
[EN] The aim of this project is to develop numerical models of masonry walls using the Abaqus software. These models are compared with the results obtained from experimental models to check if they match reality. Two approaches are studied: macro and microscale models. Within each of them, two types of walls are analysed: masonry walls with mortar joints and walls in which rubber joints are included. The main purpose consists of determining whether the addition of rubber joints in masonry walls represents an improvement in the behaviour of the structures during a seismic action. This seismic action is represented by forces acting on the plane of the wall itself as well as perpendicular to it, focusing the project on the last ones known as out-of-plane loads. Finally, after obtaining the results, a practical case is studied in the province of Alicante (Spain), in a high seismic hazard zone., [CA] Amb aquest projecte es pretenen desenvolupar models numèrics de murs de maçoneria utilitzant per a això el software Abaqus. Estos models són comparats amb els resultats obtinguts de models experimentals per a comprovar si s'assemblen a la realitat. Es plantegen dos enfocaments: models de macro i microescala. Dins de cada un d'ells, dos tipologies de murs són analitzades: murs de maçoneria amb morter i murs en què s'inclouen elastòmers. L'objectiu principal consistix a determinar si la incorporació d'elastòmers en murs de maçoneria suposa una millora en el comportament de les estructures durant una acció sísmica. Esta acció sísmica es representa per mitjà de forces actuant en el propi pla del mur així com perpendiculars al mateix, centrant-se el projecte en estes últimes. Finalment, després d'obtindre els resultats, s'estudia un cas d'aplicació pràctica en la província d'Alacant (Espanya) , en una zona d'alta perillositat sísmica., [ES] Mediante este proyecto se pretenden desarrollar modelos numéricos de muros de mampostería utilizando para ello el software Abaqus. Estos modelos son comparados con los resultados obtenidos de modelos experimentales para comprobar si se asemejan a la realidad. Se plantean dos enfoques: modelos de macro y microescala. Dentro de cada uno de ellos, dos tipologías de muros son analizadas: muros de mampostería con mortero y muros en los que se incluyen elastómeros. El objetivo principal consiste en determinar si la incorporación de elastómeros en muros de mampostería supone una mejora en el comportamiento de las estructuras durante una acción sísmica. Esta acción sísmica se representa mediante fuerzas actuando en el propio plano del muro así como perpendiculares al mismo, centrándose el proyecto en estas últimas. Por último, tras obtener los resultados, se estudia un caso de aplicación práctica en la provincia de Alicante (España), en una zona de alta peligrosidad sísmica.
- Published
- 2019
26. COMPONENTS INTERACTION IN TIMBER FRAMED MASONRY STRUCTURES SUBJECTED TO LATERAL FORCES.
- Author
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DUTU, Andreea, FERREIRA, Joao GOMES, GONCALVES, Ana Maria, and COVALEOV, Alexandra
- Subjects
- *
BUILDINGS , *MASONRY , *EARTHQUAKES , *REINFORCED concrete , *REINFORCED concrete buildings - Abstract
Structures with timber framed masonry represent a special typology that is frequently found in Europe and other countries of the world. They are traditional buildings, non-engineered, which showed an unexpected redundancy during earthquakes where reinforced concrete buildings (improperly constructed) collapsed. In the paper, aspects regarding the interaction between timber elements and masonry are mainly addressed, that were observed both in experimental studies, but also in the in situ seismic behavior of this type of structure during important earthquakes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
27. Research at the CEA in the field of safety in 2nd and 3rd generation light water reactors
- Author
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Billot, Philippe
- Subjects
- *
LIGHT water reactor safety measures , *NUCLEAR reactor safety measures , *EARTHQUAKE hazard analysis , *FISSION products , *RISK assessment , *NUCLEAR fuels - Abstract
Abstract: The research programs at the CEA in the field of safety in nuclear reactors are carried out in a framework of international partnerships. Their purpose is to develop studies on: [–] The methods allowing for the determination of earthquake hazards and their consequences; [–] The behaviour of fuel in an accident situation; [–] The comprehension of deflagration and detonation phenomena of hydrogen and the search for effective prevention methods involving an explosion risk; [–] The cooling of corium in order to stop its progression in and outside the vessel thereby reducing the risk of perforating the basemat; [–] The behaviour of the different fission product families according to their volatility for the UO2 and MOX fuels. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Design earthquakes for ITER in Europe at Cadarache
- Author
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Girard, Jean-Philippe, Grünthal, Gottfried, and Nicolas, Marc
- Subjects
- *
EARTH sciences , *NATURAL disasters , *EARTH movements , *EARTHQUAKES - Abstract
Abstract: The European site proposed for ITER is situated in the south of France, 40km north-east of Aix-en-Provence, in a low to moderate seismic area according to the Global Seismic Hazard Map (GSHAP Group 1999). The tokamak building would be implemented on good bedrock made of limestone with a shear wave velocity of over 1300m/s. Input requirements and assumptions for ITER consider that an infrequent, severe earthquake (called SL-2), although unlikely to occur during the lifetime of the facility, is assessed to demonstrate adequate protection of the public. This earthquake is assumed to have a return period of 10,000 years. An investment protection level or inspection level (where all structures, systems and components are safe) with a peak ground acceleration (pga) at 0.5m/s2 is also considered. As a basis, orders of magnitude of consequences, if no countermeasures were taken, are given. Four aspects are discussed: regulation, implementation of this regulation for the proposed site (site geology, tectonic and seismotectonic), a probabilistic seismic hazard assessment of the site and finally, the fulfilment of the requirements and assumptions, according to IAEA guides. As a conclusion of the studies, the main characteristics of the Cadarache European site are discussed. Preliminary studies have shown that the European site proposal will ensure a low level of project risk with respect to the seismic hazard. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Review on the use of natural cave speleothems as palaeoseismic or neotectonics indicators
- Author
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Gilli, Éric
- Subjects
- *
SPELEOTHEMS , *CAVES , *SPELEOLOGY , *EARTH movements , *EARTHQUAKES , *NATURAL disasters , *SEISMOLOGY - Abstract
Abstract: Collapses that affect cave speleothems have frequently been attributed to earthquakes, although this has not been proved. Observations after an earthquake and laboratory tests indicate that only slender speleothems break under coseismic solicitation. Other causes as subsidence, decompression and creeping of ice or cave sediments explain most of the breaks. Tectonics is also a major cause of speleothems breakages and it is possible to detect minute movements of faults. It seems possible to make the difference between brutal coseismic movements and aseismic slow ones. However, the interpretation is often difficult, as the damage can also be caused by gravity tectonics or glacitectonics. To cite this article: É. Gilli, C. R. Geoscience 337 (2005). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Protección sísmica de muros de mampostería para estructuras ubicadas en zonas de alta peligrosidad sísmica en España, aplicable a un edificio en el sur de la provincia de Alicante
- Author
-
Hurtado Orts, Inés
- Subjects
Máster Universitario en Ingeniería de Caminos, Canales y Puertos-Màster Universitari en Enginyeria de Camins, Canals i Ports ,INGENIERIA DE LA CONSTRUCCION ,Mur ,Seism ,Sismo ,Wall ,Muro ,Masonry ,Sisme ,Abaqus ,Maçoneria ,Mampostería - Abstract
[EN] The aim of this project is to develop numerical models of masonry walls using the Abaqus software. These models are compared with the results obtained from experimental models to check if they match reality. Two approaches are studied: macro and microscale models. Within each of them, two types of walls are analysed: masonry walls with mortar joints and walls in which rubber joints are included. The main purpose consists of determining whether the addition of rubber joints in masonry walls represents an improvement in the behaviour of the structures during a seismic action. This seismic action is represented by forces acting on the plane of the wall itself as well as perpendicular to it, focusing the project on the last ones known as out-of-plane loads. Finally, after obtaining the results, a practical case is studied in the province of Alicante (Spain), in a high seismic hazard zone., [CA] Amb aquest projecte es pretenen desenvolupar models numèrics de murs de maçoneria utilitzant per a això el software Abaqus. Estos models són comparats amb els resultats obtinguts de models experimentals per a comprovar si s'assemblen a la realitat. Es plantegen dos enfocaments: models de macro i microescala. Dins de cada un d'ells, dos tipologies de murs són analitzades: murs de maçoneria amb morter i murs en què s'inclouen elastòmers. L'objectiu principal consistix a determinar si la incorporació d'elastòmers en murs de maçoneria suposa una millora en el comportament de les estructures durant una acció sísmica. Esta acció sísmica es representa per mitjà de forces actuant en el propi pla del mur així com perpendiculars al mateix, centrant-se el projecte en estes últimes. Finalment, després d'obtindre els resultats, s'estudia un cas d'aplicació pràctica en la província d'Alacant (Espanya) , en una zona d'alta perillositat sísmica., [ES] Mediante este proyecto se pretenden desarrollar modelos numéricos de muros de mampostería utilizando para ello el software Abaqus. Estos modelos son comparados con los resultados obtenidos de modelos experimentales para comprobar si se asemejan a la realidad. Se plantean dos enfoques: modelos de macro y microescala. Dentro de cada uno de ellos, dos tipologías de muros son analizadas: muros de mampostería con mortero y muros en los que se incluyen elastómeros. El objetivo principal consiste en determinar si la incorporación de elastómeros en muros de mampostería supone una mejora en el comportamiento de las estructuras durante una acción sísmica. Esta acción sísmica se representa mediante fuerzas actuando en el propio plano del muro así como perpendiculares al mismo, centrándose el proyecto en estas últimas. Por último, tras obtener los resultados, se estudia un caso de aplicación práctica en la provincia de Alicante (España), en una zona de alta peligrosidad sísmica.
- Published
- 2019
31. Rethinking evacuation of coastal urban population in a multi-hazards context : STEP modelisation (Seism Tsunami Evacuation Population)
- Author
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Plattard, Odile, Géographie-cités (GC (UMR_8504)), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire de géographie physique : Environnements Quaternaires et Actuels (LGP), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris I - Panthéon-Sorbonne, Arnaud Banos, and Franck Lavigne
- Subjects
Siracusa ,Saint-Laurent-du-Var ,population ,PARIS team ,[SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography ,modelisation ,urban environment ,Syracuse ,evacuation ,évacuation ,THESE ,séisme ,espace urbain ,tsunami ,seism ,modélisation - Abstract
This thesis explore the issue of a pedestrian evacuation of coastal population in an urban environment in case of tsunami and seism, through the implementation of the model STEP. Studies examine two fields : Saint-Laurent-du-Var (France) and Siracusa (Italy). They provide varied configurations of disaster risk exposure and different evacuation strategies for a coastal urban population.Urban environment is the central point of this thesis. First, visibility in an urban context is evaluated through its effect on pedestrian evacuation. Second, by taking into account multi-hazard context through the impacts on buildings from a precursor earthquake and questioning the walkability of evacuation routes to safe areas.The STEP model is a hybrid modelisation combining agent-based and cellular automatons. It is implemented on Saint-Laurent-du-Var based on geographical data (topography, buildings). The tsunami is based on worstcase simulation data. Visibility in an urban context is determined by the height of safe areas and surrounding buildings; it creates “shadow-zones” where people have no line-of-sight to safe areas around them. Walkability of the urban environment is based on the probability of a building collapse according to seismic intensity. Debris may obstruct streets and force people to seek alternative routes to safe areas. According to the worst-case simulation data, three main evacuation scenarios were implemented and explored through parameters related to agents and safe areas. These three scenarios vary the visibility and walkability independently in order to better evaluate the effects of the results.The greatest impact seen within STEP simulations is determined by the location of safe areas and paying attention to seismic activity in an urban environment. This thesis shows the importance of considering specific evacuation requirements for coastal urban environments. It also demonstrates that multi-hazards should be a central concern when defining evacuation strategies for populations.; Cette thèse questionne l’évacuation piétonne d’une population littorale en milieu urbain en cas de tsunami et séisme, à travers la mise en place du modèle STEP. Deux sites d’étude ont été considérés : Saint-Laurent-du-Var (France) et Syracuse (Italie), qui présentent des configurations d’exposition aux risques et des stratégies d’évacuation de la population différentes.L’espace urbain est au coeur du questionnement de cette thèse. Premièrement, à travers l’influence que la lisibilité du milieu urbain peut avoir sur une évacuation piétonne. Deuxièmement, par la prise en compte du contexte multi-risques et des dommages d’un séisme précurseur sur les constructions, en questionnant la praticabilité des itinéraires d’évacuation en milieu urbain. STEP est un modèle hybride alliant le multi-agents et les automates cellulaires et implémenté sur la commune de Saint-Laurent-du-Var. Son environnement est construit à partir des données géographiques de terrain (topographie, bâtiments). Le tsunami est implémenté à partir des données issues de simulations d’évènements de référence. La lisibilité de l’espace urbain est construite à travers la mise en place de zones de non-visibilité des zones refuge générées en fonction de leur hauteur et de celle des bâtiments. La praticabilité de l’espace urbain se traduit par la mise en place d’une probabilité d’effondrement des constructions en fonction de l’intensité sismique, pouvant obliger les individus à trouver un autre itinéraire jusqu’aux zones refuge. Trois scénarios principaux ont été mis en place, se basant sur des évènements de références et explorés par variation des paramètres liés aux agents et zones refuge; ces trois scénarios principaux font varier la lisibilité et la praticabilité de manière indépendante afin de mieux en percevoir les effets sur les résultats.Au final, la variation de la localisation des zones refuge, ainsi que la prise en compte du contexte multi-risques en milieu urbain ont une influence importante sur les résultats issus des simulations de STEP. Cette thèse met donc en avant l’importance de la considération de la spécificité d’une évacuation en milieu urbain ainsi que du contexte multi-risques pour la mise en place de stratégies d’évacuation de population sur un territoire.
- Published
- 2019
32. Repenser l'évacuation d'une population littorale en milieu urbain dans un contexte multi-risques : le modèle STEP
- Author
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Plattard, Odile, Géographie-cités (GC (UMR_8504)), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, Arnaud Banos, and Franck Lavigne
- Subjects
Siracusa ,Tsunami ,Population ,Saint-Laurent-du-Var ,Seism ,Évacuation ,Urban environment ,PARIS team ,[SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography ,Syracuse ,Modélisation ,THESE ,Espace urbain ,Modelisation ,Evacuation ,Séisme - Abstract
This thesis explore the issue of a pedestrian evacuation of coastal population in an urban environment in case of tsunami and seism, through the implementation of the model STEP. Studies examine two fields: Saint-Laurent-du-Var (France) and Siracusa (Italy). They provide varied configurations of disaster risk exposure and different evacuation strategies for a coastal urban population. Urban environment is the central point of this thesis. First, visibility in an urban context is evaluated through its effect on pedestrian evacuation. Second, by taking into account multi-hazard context through the impacts on buildings from a precursor earthquake and questioning the walkability of evacuation routes to safe areas. The STEP model is a hybrid modelisation combining agent-based and cellular automatons. It is implemented on Saint-Laurent-du-Var based on geographical data (topography, buildings). The tsunami is based on worst-case simulation data. Visibility in an urban context is determined by the height of safe areas and surrounding buildings; it creates “shadow-zones” where people have no line-of-sight to safe areas around them. Walkability of the urban environment is based on the probability of a building collapse according to seismic intensity. Debris may obstruct streets and force people to seek alternative routes to safe areas. According to the worst-case simulation data, three main evacuation scenarios were implemented and explored through parameters related to agents and safe areas. These three scenarios vary the visibility and walkability independently in order to better evaluate the effects of the results. The greatest impact seen within STEP simulations is determined by the location of safe areas and paying attention to seismic activity in an urban environment. This thesis shows the importance of considering specific evacuation requirements for coastal urban environments. It also demonstrates that multi-hazards should be a central concern when defining evacuation strategies for populations.; Cette thèse questionne l’évacuation piétonne d’une population littorale en milieu urbain en cas de tsunami et séisme, à travers la mise en place du modèle STEP. Deux sites d’études ont été considérés : Saint-Laurent-du-Var (France) et Syracuse (Italie), qui présentent des configurations d’exposition aux risques et des stratégies d’évacuation de la population différentes. L’espace urbain est au cœur du questionnement de cette thèse. Premièrement, à travers l’influence que la lisibilité du milieu urbain peut avoir sur une évacuation piétonne. Deuxièmement, par la prise en compte du contexte multi-risques et des dommages d’un séisme précurseur sur les constructions, en questionnant la praticabilité des itinéraires d’évacuation en milieu urbain. STEP est un modèle hybride alliant le multi-agents et les automates cellulaires et implémenté sur la commune de Saint-Laurent-du-Var. Son environnement est construit à partir des données géographiques de terrain (topographie, bâtiments). Le tsunami est implémenté à partir des données issues de simulation événements de référence. La lisibilité de l’espace urbain est construite à travers la mise en place de zones de non-visibilité des zones refuge générées en fonction de leur hauteur et de celle des bâtiments. La praticabilité de l’espace urbain se traduit par la mise en place d’une probabilité d’effondrement des constructions en fonction de l’intensité sismique, pouvant obliger les individus à trouver un autre itinéraire jusqu’aux zones refuge. Trois scénarios principaux ont été mis en place, se basant sur des événements de références et explorés par variation des paramètres liés aux agents et zones refuge ; ces trois scénarios principaux font varier la lisibilité et la praticabilité de manière indépendante afin de mieux en percevoir les effets sur les résultats. Au final, la variation de la localisation des zones refuges ainsi que la prise en compte du contexte multi-risques en milieu urbain ont une influence importante sur les résultats issus des simulations de STEP. Cette thèse met donc en avant l’importance de la considération de la spécificité d’une évacuation en milieu urbain ainsi que du contexte multi-risques pour la mise en place de stratégies d’évacuation de population sur un territoire.
- Published
- 2019
33. Repenser l’évacuation d’une population littorale en milieu urbain dans un contexte multi-risques: le modèle STEP (Seisme Tsunami Evacuation Population)
- Author
-
Plattard, Odile, Géographie-cités (GC (UMR_8504)), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de géographie physique : Environnements Quaternaires et Actuels (LGP), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris I - Panthéon-Sorbonne, Arnaud Banos, Franck Lavigne, Plattard, Odile, and Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)
- Subjects
Siracusa ,[SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography ,Saint-Laurent-du-Var ,population ,PARIS team ,[SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography ,modelisation ,urban environment ,Syracuse ,evacuation ,évacuation ,THESE ,séisme ,espace urbain ,tsunami ,seism ,modélisation - Abstract
This thesis explore the issue of a pedestrian evacuation of coastal population in an urban environment in case of tsunami and seism, through the implementation of the model STEP. Studies examine two fields : Saint-Laurent-du-Var (France) and Siracusa (Italy). They provide varied configurations of disaster risk exposure and different evacuation strategies for a coastal urban population.Urban environment is the central point of this thesis. First, visibility in an urban context is evaluated through its effect on pedestrian evacuation. Second, by taking into account multi-hazard context through the impacts on buildings from a precursor earthquake and questioning the walkability of evacuation routes to safe areas.The STEP model is a hybrid modelisation combining agent-based and cellular automatons. It is implemented on Saint-Laurent-du-Var based on geographical data (topography, buildings). The tsunami is based on worstcase simulation data. Visibility in an urban context is determined by the height of safe areas and surrounding buildings; it creates “shadow-zones” where people have no line-of-sight to safe areas around them. Walkability of the urban environment is based on the probability of a building collapse according to seismic intensity. Debris may obstruct streets and force people to seek alternative routes to safe areas. According to the worst-case simulation data, three main evacuation scenarios were implemented and explored through parameters related to agents and safe areas. These three scenarios vary the visibility and walkability independently in order to better evaluate the effects of the results.The greatest impact seen within STEP simulations is determined by the location of safe areas and paying attention to seismic activity in an urban environment. This thesis shows the importance of considering specific evacuation requirements for coastal urban environments. It also demonstrates that multi-hazards should be a central concern when defining evacuation strategies for populations., Cette thèse questionne l’évacuation piétonne d’une population littorale en milieu urbain en cas de tsunami et séisme, à travers la mise en place du modèle STEP. Deux sites d’étude ont été considérés : Saint-Laurent-du-Var (France) et Syracuse (Italie), qui présentent des configurations d’exposition aux risques et des stratégies d’évacuation de la population différentes.L’espace urbain est au coeur du questionnement de cette thèse. Premièrement, à travers l’influence que la lisibilité du milieu urbain peut avoir sur une évacuation piétonne. Deuxièmement, par la prise en compte du contexte multi-risques et des dommages d’un séisme précurseur sur les constructions, en questionnant la praticabilité des itinéraires d’évacuation en milieu urbain. STEP est un modèle hybride alliant le multi-agents et les automates cellulaires et implémenté sur la commune de Saint-Laurent-du-Var. Son environnement est construit à partir des données géographiques de terrain (topographie, bâtiments). Le tsunami est implémenté à partir des données issues de simulations d’évènements de référence. La lisibilité de l’espace urbain est construite à travers la mise en place de zones de non-visibilité des zones refuge générées en fonction de leur hauteur et de celle des bâtiments. La praticabilité de l’espace urbain se traduit par la mise en place d’une probabilité d’effondrement des constructions en fonction de l’intensité sismique, pouvant obliger les individus à trouver un autre itinéraire jusqu’aux zones refuge. Trois scénarios principaux ont été mis en place, se basant sur des évènements de références et explorés par variation des paramètres liés aux agents et zones refuge; ces trois scénarios principaux font varier la lisibilité et la praticabilité de manière indépendante afin de mieux en percevoir les effets sur les résultats.Au final, la variation de la localisation des zones refuge, ainsi que la prise en compte du contexte multi-risques en milieu urbain ont une influence importante sur les résultats issus des simulations de STEP. Cette thèse met donc en avant l’importance de la considération de la spécificité d’une évacuation en milieu urbain ainsi que du contexte multi-risques pour la mise en place de stratégies d’évacuation de population sur un territoire.
- Published
- 2019
34. Considerations on Seismic Design of Installations using Natural Gas Fuel
- Author
-
Adriana Tokar and Arina Negoițescu
- Subjects
natural gas ,NSC ,lcsh:TA1-2040 ,regulation ,seism ,installation ,deterioration ,lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) - Abstract
The paper presents issues relating to existing standards underlying seismic design restrictions for non-structural components (NSC) related to constructions. Are presented measures that can be implemented to maintain a high level of safety in case of earthquake, natural gas plants, which due to the flammability of fuel, carry some risk of fire or explosion. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the need for seismic design of facilities using natural gas fuel for new buildings but also to review the existing installations in buildings by taking mandatory measures.
- Published
- 2016
35. The Comparative Analysis of Hydrodynamic Pressures in Cylindrical Tanks
- Author
-
Dan Ilie Creţu, Dumitrel Furiş, Bogdan Alexandru Butnaru, and Mirela Şandru
- Subjects
impulsive pressure ,Materials science ,epstein ,010102 general mathematics ,housner ,Mechanics ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,01 natural sciences ,Physics::Fluid Dynamics ,convective pressure ,eurocode ,seism ,0101 mathematics ,TA1-2040 - Abstract
This article presents a comparative study of the values of hydrodynamic pressure and their resultants occurred during the seismic action using P100-1/2013 technical rules and the relations defined in the papers: [1], [3], [5] and the Romanian standard [2] SR EN 1998-4 (silos, tanks and pipelines), which is implemented in Romania. Two cylindrical tanks placed in the same seismic zone have been chosen, with the same amount of storage (about 5000 m3), but of different geometries, to illustrate the influence of hydrodynamic pressures on the construction size (long and short wall behavior) as a function of ratio of the fluid height on the cylinder radius and ratio of corner period on the eigenperiod of the fluid mass. Also in the analyses, in order to evaluate the hydrodynamic convective pressure both the fundamental period of oscillation of the fluid mass and the first ten periods of oscillation were used.
- Published
- 2016
36. Earthquakes and animals: opportunities and prospective
- Author
-
Lugo-Morin, Diosey Ramón, Magal-Royo, Teresa, Lugo-Morin, Diosey Ramón, and Magal-Royo, Teresa
- Abstract
Iberoamerican in the course of history has been part of the largest earthquakes that have occurred on the planet. Just mention on the side of the peninsula, the Lisbon earthquake occurred in the year 1755. On the side of Latin America, the earthquake in Chile occurred in 2010. These events and occurred in the rest of the world have awakened the interest of the scientific community in the context of developing prevention or prediction models. Earthquakes according to the theory of elastic fracture can be anticipated; early detection of these phenomena is possible due to the accumulated internal energy that is released in the form of seismic waves received by earthquake-receptor species as Lumbricus terrestris Linnaeus. In this logic, it is proposed to assess the potential of this species earthquake-receptor in early detection of earthquakes. Methodologically, the study used a comprehensive review of literature, which allowed an approach to state of the art the object of study. It is concluded that indeed L. terrestres is a species able to anticipate earthquakes., Iberoamérica en el curso de la historia ha sido parte de los mayores terremotos que han tenido lugar en el planeta. Basta con mencionar por el lado de la península, el terremoto de Lisboa ocurrido en el año de 1755. Por el lado de Latinoamérica, el terremoto de Chile ocurrido en el año 2010. Estos eventos telúricos y los ocurridos en el resto del mundo han despertado el interés de la comunidad científica en el contexto de desarrollar modelos de prevención o predicción. Los terremotos de acuerdo con la teoría de la fractura elástica pueden anticiparse, la detección temprana de estos fenómenos es posible debido a la energía interna acumulada que es liberada en forma de ondas sísmicas, percibidas por especies sismo-receptoras como Lumbricus terrestris Linnaeus. En esta lógica, se propone valorar el potencial de las especie sismo-receptoras en la detección temprana de terremotos. Metodológicamente, el estudio se valió de una amplia revisión de literatura, lo que permitió un acercamiento al estado del arte sobre el objeto de estudio. Se concluye que efectivamente L. terrestris es una especie capaz de anticiparse a los terremotos., Ibéroamérique au cours de l'histoire a fait partie des plus grands tremblements de terre qui se sont produits sur la planète. Il suffit de mentionner sur le côté de la péninsule, le tremblement de terre de Lisbonne a eu lieu l'année 1755. Du côté de l'Amérique latine, le tremblement de terre au Chili a eu lieu en 2010. Ces événements et les tremblements de terre qui se sont produits dans le reste du monde se sont réveillés l'intérêt de la communauté scientifique dans le contexte du développement de modèles de prévention ou de prédiction. Tremblements de terre selon la théorie peuvent être anticipés, la détection précoce de ces phénomènes est possible de fracture élastique, car l'énergie cumulée est libérée sous forme d'ondes sismiques reçus par des récepteurs sismiques comme Lumbricus terrestris espèces Linnaeus. Dans cette logique, il est proposé d'évaluer le potentiel de l'espèce récepteur sismique dans la détection précoce des tremblements de terre. Méthodologiquement, l'étude a utilisé un examen exhaustif de la littérature, ce qui a permis une approche de l'état de l'art sur le sujet. On en conclut qu'en effet L. terrestris est une espèce capable d'anticiper les tremblements de terre.
- Published
- 2018
37. Analyse de la stabilite des talus sous sollicitation dynamique: application a la mine de lignite d'Afsin-Elbistan (Turquie).
- Author
-
Kiliç, A., du Mouza, J., and Arnould, M.
- Abstract
Copyright of Bulletin of Engineering Geology & the Environment is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Liquefaction of Tangier soils by using physically based reliability analysis modelling
- Author
-
Dubujet P., Jabbouri A., Khamlichi A., and Touil N.
- Subjects
Correlation ,liquefaction ,probabilities ,seism ,soil ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 - Abstract
Approaches that are widely used to characterize propensity of soils to liquefaction are mainly of empirical type. The potential of liquefaction is assessed by using correlation formulas that are based on field tests such as the standard and the cone penetration tests. These correlations depend however on the site where they were derived. In order to adapt them to other sites where seismic case histories are not available, further investigation is required. In this work, a rigorous one-dimensional modelling of the soil dynamics yielding liquefaction phenomenon is considered. Field tests consisting of core sampling and cone penetration testing were performed. They provided the necessary data for numerical simulations performed by using DeepSoil software package. Using reliability analysis, the probability of liquefaction was estimated and the obtained results were used to adapt Juang method to the particular case of sandy soils located in Tangier.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Terremoti, ruderi e ricostruzioni. Una proposta per la chiesa di Sant’ Agostino ad Amatrice
- Author
-
Sanfilippo, GIULIA FILOMENA and Elisabetta, Romano
- Subjects
ruinas ,seismic safety ,seism ,design ,recycling ,lcsh:Archaeology ,lcsh:Architecture ,lcsh:CC1-960 ,lcsh:NA1-9428 - Abstract
The Church of Sant’Agostino is an aulic example of medieval mendicant architecture. The church is part of central Italy’s huge heritage reduced to ruin by the earthquake of 2016 and 2017. Those repeated seismic shocks caused the collapse of the rose window, the bell tower, the adjacent urbic door and the northwest side. The following work concerns the cultural and technological issues of the reconstruction project for a ruin which was caused by traumatic events. These ruins have intrinsic cultural values. This essay proposes design solutions for the church of Sant'Agostino: without altering the focus of the intervention, which consists of preservation of the cultural values of what still persists, the project envisages the reconstruction and rubble recycling, using constructive techniques that are both traditional and contemporary. Furthermore, the border line between the ruin and the rebuilt parts is marked out with both modern technological and formal solutions., Restauro Archeologico, Vol. 26 No. 1 (2018)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Terremotos y animales: oportunidades y prospectiva
- Author
-
Diosey Ramón Lugo-Morin and Teresa Magal-Royo
- Subjects
Latin Americans ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Iberoamerican ,Lumbricus terrestris ,Seism ,Sismo ,Early detection ,Context (language use) ,Animal behaviour ,Seismic wave ,Iberoamérica ,Geography ,Peninsula ,Tremblement de terre ,Comportement animal ,Seismology ,Comportamiento animal ,Ibéroamérique - Abstract
Iberoamérica en el curso de la historia ha sido parte de los mayores terremotos que han tenido lugar en el planeta. Basta con mencionar por el lado de la península, el terremoto de Lisboa ocurrido en el año de 1755. Por el lado de Latinoamérica, el terremoto de Chile ocurrido en el año 2010. Estos eventos telúricos y los ocurridos en el resto del mundo han despertado el interés de la comunidad científica en el contexto de desarrollar modelos de prevención o predicción. Los terremotos de acuerdo con la teoría de la fractura elástica pueden anticiparse, la detección temprana de estos fenómenos es posible debido a la energía interna acumulada que es liberada en forma de ondas sísmicas, percibidas por especies sismo-receptoras como Lumbricus terrestris Linnaeus. En esta lógica, se propone valorar el potencial de las especie sismo-receptoras en la detección temprana de terremotos. Metodológicamente, el estudio se valió de una amplia revisión de literatura, lo que permitió un acercamiento al estado del arte sobre el objeto de estudio. Se concluye que efectivamente L. terrestris es una especie capaz de anticiparse a los terremotos. Iberoamerican in the course of history has been part of the largest earthquakes that have occurred on the planet. Just mention on the side of the peninsula, the Lisbon earthquake occurred in the year 1755. On the side of Latin America, the earthquake in Chile occurred in 2010. These events and occurred in the rest of the world have awakened the interest of the scientific community in the context of developing prevention or prediction models. Earthquakes according to the theory of elastic fracture can be anticipated; early detection of these phenomena is possible due to the accumulated internal energy that is released in the form of seismic waves received by earthquake-receptor species as Lumbricus terrestris Linnaeus. In this logic, it is proposed to assess the potential of this species earthquake-receptor in early detection of earthquakes. Methodologically, the study used a comprehensive review of literature, which allowed an approach to state of the art the object of study. It is concluded that indeed L. terrestres is a species able to anticipate earthquakes. Ibéroamérique au cours de l'histoire a fait partie des plus grands tremblements de terre qui se sont produits sur la planète. Il suffit de mentionner sur le côté de la péninsule, le tremblement de terre de Lisbonne a eu lieu l'année 1755. Du côté de l'Amérique latine, le tremblement de terre au Chili a eu lieu en 2010. Ces événements et les tremblements de terre qui se sont produits dans le reste du monde se sont réveillés l'intérêt de la communauté scientifique dans le contexte du développement de modèles de prévention ou de prédiction. Tremblements de terre selon la théorie peuvent être anticipés, la détection précoce de ces phénomènes est possible de fracture élastique, car l'énergie cumulée est libérée sous forme d'ondes sismiques reçus par des récepteurs sismiques comme Lumbricus terrestris espèces Linnaeus. Dans cette logique, il est proposé d'évaluer le potentiel de l'espèce récepteur sismique dans la détection précoce des tremblements de terre. Méthodologiquement, l'étude a utilisé un examen exhaustif de la littérature, ce qui a permis une approche de l'état de l'art sur le sujet. On en conclut qu'en effet L. terrestris est une espèce capable d'anticiper les tremblements de terre.
- Published
- 2018
41. Terremotos y animales: oportunidades y prospectiva
- Author
-
Lugo-Morin, Diosey Ramón and Magal-Royo, Teresa
- Subjects
Iberoamérica ,Iberoamerican ,Lumbricus terrestris ,Seism ,Sismo ,Tremblement de terre ,Animal behaviour ,Comportement animal ,Comportamiento animal ,Ibéroamérique - Abstract
Iberoamerican in the course of history has been part of the largest earthquakes that have occurred on the planet. Just mention on the side of the peninsula, the Lisbon earthquake occurred in the year 1755. On the side of Latin America, the earthquake in Chile occurred in 2010. These events and occurred in the rest of the world have awakened the interest of the scientific community in the context of developing prevention or prediction models. Earthquakes according to the theory of elastic fracture can be anticipated; early detection of these phenomena is possible due to the accumulated internal energy that is released in the form of seismic waves received by earthquake-receptor species as Lumbricus terrestris Linnaeus. In this logic, it is proposed to assess the potential of this species earthquake-receptor in early detection of earthquakes. Methodologically, the study used a comprehensive review of literature, which allowed an approach to state of the art the object of study. It is concluded that indeed L. terrestres is a species able to anticipate earthquakes. Iberoamérica en el curso de la historia ha sido parte de los mayores terremotos que han tenido lugar en el planeta. Basta con mencionar por el lado de la península, el terremoto de Lisboa ocurrido en el año de 1755. Por el lado de Latinoamérica, el terremoto de Chile ocurrido en el año 2010. Estos eventos telúricos y los ocurridos en el resto del mundo han despertado el interés de la comunidad científica en el contexto de desarrollar modelos de prevención o predicción. Los terremotos de acuerdo con la teoría de la fractura elástica pueden anticiparse, la detección temprana de estos fenómenos es posible debido a la energía interna acumulada que es liberada en forma de ondas sísmicas, percibidas por especies sismo-receptoras como Lumbricus terrestris Linnaeus. En esta lógica, se propone valorar el potencial de las especie sismo-receptoras en la detección temprana de terremotos. Metodológicamente, el estudio se valió de una amplia revisión de literatura, lo que permitió un acercamiento al estado del arte sobre el objeto de estudio. Se concluye que efectivamente L. terrestris es una especie capaz de anticiparse a los terremotos. Ibéroamérique au cours de l'histoire a fait partie des plus grands tremblements de terre qui se sont produits sur la planète. Il suffit de mentionner sur le côté de la péninsule, le tremblement de terre de Lisbonne a eu lieu l'année 1755. Du côté de l'Amérique latine, le tremblement de terre au Chili a eu lieu en 2010. Ces événements et les tremblements de terre qui se sont produits dans le reste du monde se sont réveillés l'intérêt de la communauté scientifique dans le contexte du développement de modèles de prévention ou de prédiction. Tremblements de terre selon la théorie peuvent être anticipés, la détection précoce de ces phénomènes est possible de fracture élastique, car l'énergie cumulée est libérée sous forme d'ondes sismiques reçus par des récepteurs sismiques comme Lumbricus terrestris espèces Linnaeus. Dans cette logique, il est proposé d'évaluer le potentiel de l'espèce récepteur sismique dans la détection précoce des tremblements de terre. Méthodologiquement, l'étude a utilisé un examen exhaustif de la littérature, ce qui a permis une approche de l'état de l'art sur le sujet. On en conclut qu'en effet L. terrestris est une espèce capable d'anticiper les tremblements de terre.
- Published
- 2018
42. Sensitivity analysis of synthetic seismograms in sedimentary basin with respect to uncertain seismological parameters
- Author
-
de Martin, Florent, Thierry, Philippe, Keyes, David, Chaljub, Emmanuel, Dupros, Fabrice, Boulahya, Faïza, Sochala, Pierre, Benaichouche, Abed, Rohmer, Jeremy, Piaciucci, Gabriele, Hadri, Bilel, Ltaief, Hatem, Hollender, Fabrice, Bard, P.-Y., Maufroy, Emeline, Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Intel France [Meudon], King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Intel Corporation [Hillsboro], Intel Corporation [USA], CEA Cadarache, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR), and DE MARTIN, Florent
- Subjects
Risk ,Earthquake ,[SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph] ,[INFO.INFO-NA] Computer Science [cs]/Numerical Analysis [cs.NA] ,[INFO.INFO-DC] Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC] ,Seism ,[SDU.STU.GP] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph] ,[INFO.INFO-MO] Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation ,[INFO.INFO-DC]Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC] ,[INFO.INFO-NA]Computer Science [cs]/Numerical Analysis [cs.NA] ,[INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation - Abstract
International audience; This study focuses on the understanding of the variability and sensitivity of synthetic earthquake ground motions at sedimentary basin scale associated with the epistemic uncertainties of the model of seismic wave propagation. The key question at stake is the following: What is the spatiotemporal variability and sensitivity of seismograms at the surface with respect to seismological parameters? To achieve this objective, we describe the whole concept including pre- and post-processing around the main earthquake simulation engine. The different stages can be viewed as follow: 1° definition of the initial model perturbation to generate a given set of input parameters, 2° simulation including a runtime filtering and a post-simulation filtering and decimation to reduce the amount of output data, 3° UQ analysis on parallel file system including Hadoop evaluation, and multi-level MPI communicators to obtain the final results of the global big data application.
- Published
- 2017
43. Sipina Induction Graph Method For Seismic Risk Prediction
- Author
-
B. Selma
- Subjects
displacement ,SIPINA method ,seism ,peak ground acceleration ,focal depth - Abstract
The aim of this study is to test the feasibility of SIPINA method to predict the harmfulness parameters controlling the seismic response. The approach developed takes into consideration both the focal depth and the peak ground acceleration. The parameter to determine is displacement. The data used for the learning of this method and analysis nonlinear seismic are described and applied to a class of models damaged to some typical structures of the existing urban infrastructure of Jassy, Romania. The results obtained indicate an influence of the focal depth and the peak ground acceleration on the displacement., {"references":["Breiman, L., Bagging Predictors. Technical Report No, 421, Department of statistics, University of California, 1994.","Quinlan, J.R., Discovering rules by induction from large collections of examples, Expert Systems in the Microelectronic age, PP 168-201, 1979.","Quinlan, J.R., Learning efficient classification procedures and their applications to chess endgames. In Machine Learning: An artificial Intelligence approach, Volume 1. Morgan Kaufmann, 1983.","D.A. Zighed, J.P. Auray and G.Duru. sipina: Méthode et logiciel. Lacassagne,1992.","Quinlan R., C4.5: Programs for Machine Learning. Morgan Kaufmann Publ., San Mateo, CA, 1993.","M. Hammami, Y. Chahir, L. Chen, D. Zighed, \"Détection des régions de couleur de peau dans l'image\" revue RIA-ECA vol 17, Ed.Hermès, ISBN 2-7462-0631-5, Janvier 2003, pp.219-231.","M. Hammami, \"Modèle de peau et application à la classification d'images et au filtrage des sites web\", Thesis , Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 2005.","B. Atmani, B. Beldjilali, \"Knowledge discovery in database: Induction graph and cellular automaton\", Computing and informatics journal, Vol.26, 2007, pp.171-197.","Zighed, D.A.: SIPINA for Windows, ver 2.5. Laboratory ERIC, University of Lyon, 1996.\n[10]\tRabaseda, S., Zighed, D.A.: Generation and Simplification of Rules in Graphs of Induction. Acts of the 25th Symposium of the Economic Structures, Econometrics and Data Processing, 1996, p. 7.\n[11]\tRakotomalala, R., Zighed, D.A.: Feschet, Characterization of Production Rules in a Process of Induction. Hermes Science Publication, Paris 1999.\n[12]\tJ. R. Quinlan. C4.5: Programs for Machine Learning. Morgan Kaufmann, 1993. \n[13]\tAtanasiu, G.M., Popa, B. F. (2005), Modeling of the seismic action for new concept of performance-based design, Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Management of Technological Change, Chania, Greece, pp. 153-159.\n[14]\tPopa, B. F. (2006), Elaborating Advanced Methodologies for Evaluating the Dynamic Performance of Reinforced Concrete Structures, PhD Thesis, Technical University of Iasi, Romania.\n[15]\tSAP2000 vs. 9.1 (2005), Integrated Software for Structural Analysis and Design, Computer and Structures Inc., http://www.csiberkeley.com"]}
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. COSEISMIC STRATIGRAPHY: A USEFUL APPROACH IN THE STUDY OF ACTIVE TECTONIC BASIN SCENARIOS IN CENTRAL MEXICO
- Author
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Garduño-Monroy Victor Hugo, Soria Caballero, D., and VELÁZQUEZ BUCIO, M
- Subjects
lakes, seism, stratigraphy ,lakes ,stratigraphy ,seism - Published
- 2016
45. Krenoù-Douar Enez Oleron : Un Harz etre div blakenn dektonek
- Author
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Poulpiquet, Jacques De, Dubigeon, Isabelle, Géosciences Rennes (GR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
[SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics ,Oléron island ,[SDU.STU.TE] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics ,Seism - Published
- 2016
46. Contribution à la compréhension du comportement des structures renforcées par FRP sous séismes
- Author
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Le Nguyen , Khuong, Laboratoire de Génie Civil et d'Ingénierie Environnementale ( LGCIE ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon ( INSA Lyon ), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ), INSA de Lyon, Michael Brun, Ali Limam, Laboratoire de Génie Civil et d'Ingénierie Environnementale (LGCIE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), and STAR, ABES
- Subjects
Poteau ,Génie civil ,Renforcement par PRF ,Protection ,FRP reinforcement ,Polymers ,Seism ,Modelling ,Reinforced concrete ,[SPI.GCIV]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Civil Engineering ,Columns ,Numerical modelling ,Modélisation ,[ SPI.GCIV ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Civil Engineering ,[SPI.GCIV] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Civil Engineering ,Civil engineering ,Modélisation numérique ,Shear wall ,Structures ,Mur sous cisaillement ,Béton armé ,Séisme - Abstract
In the context of the building’s protection against seismic risk, the strengthening technique by FRP (Fiber Reinforced Polymers) plating and wrapping provides a relevant solution. The objective of this thesis is to propose a reliable modeling for determining the quasi-static and dynamic responses of a wide variety of structural elements and to draw advantage in design. The modeling strategies make use of 3D elements or finite elements based on simplified kinematics (multilayer shells or multifiber beams), associated with local damage and plasticity laws for the constitutive materials (concrete, rebar and FRP). The perfect bond assumption between steel-concrete and FRP-concrete allows efficiently calculating the quasi-static and dynamic behaviors of short and slender columns, as well as short and slender walls. The mechanical contribution of FRP plating and wrapping is reproduced in the modeling by adding material (bar type elements with FRP characteristics) and by changing the parameters of the concrete model on the basis of the experience and analytical formula issued from the literature. The relevance of the approach is finally highlighted by comparing the time-history response of real braced frame or wall structures with the experimental results., Dans le cadre de la mise à niveau sismique des bâtiments existants, la technique de renforcement par placage et enrobage de polymères renforcés de fibres (FRP) offre une réponse pertinente. L’objectif de cette thèse est de proposer une modélisation fiable pour la détermination de la réponse quasi-statique et dynamique d’une grande variété d’éléments de structure et d’identifier les apports possibles d’une telle modélisation à la conception. Les stratégies de modélisation s’appuient sur l’utilisation d’éléments finis massifs ou basés sur une cinématique simplifiée (coques multicouches et poutres multifibres), associés à des modèles locaux d’endommagement et de plasticité pour les matériaux en présence (béton, armatures et FRP). L’hypothèse d’adhérence parfaite, d’une part, entre les armatures et le béton, et d’autre part, entre les bandes de FRP et le béton, permet de calculer efficacement les cas des poteaux courants, des poteaux courts, des voiles longs et courts, dans les régimes quasi-statique (pushover) et dynamique. Le renforcement par placage et enrobage FRP pour des structures en béton armé, est reproduit au sein de la modélisation par un apport de matière (éléments de type barre avec les caractéristiques propres des FRP) et des modifications des paramètres de la loi de comportement du béton, justifiées par l’expérimentation et la littérature. La pertinence de l’approche est finalement démontrée en confrontant la réponse temporelle de structures à l’échelle 1, de type ossature ou de type contreventé par des voiles, aux résultats expérimentaux issus de benchmarks internationaux.
- Published
- 2015
47. Contribution à la compréhension du comportement des structures renforcées par FRP sous séismes
- Author
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Le Nguyen, Khuong and STAR, ABES
- Subjects
Poteau ,Génie civil ,Protection ,Renforcement par PRF ,FRP reinforcement ,Polymers ,Seism ,Modelling ,Reinforced concrete ,Columns ,Numerical modelling ,Modélisation ,[SPI.GCIV] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Civil Engineering ,Civil engineering ,Modélisation numérique ,Shear wall ,Structures ,Mur sous cisaillement ,Béton armé ,Séisme - Abstract
In the context of the building’s protection against seismic risk, the strengthening technique by FRP (Fiber Reinforced Polymers) plating and wrapping provides a relevant solution. The objective of this thesis is to propose a reliable modeling for determining the quasi-static and dynamic responses of a wide variety of structural elements and to draw advantage in design. The modeling strategies make use of 3D elements or finite elements based on simplified kinematics (multilayer shells or multifiber beams), associated with local damage and plasticity laws for the constitutive materials (concrete, rebar and FRP). The perfect bond assumption between steel-concrete and FRP-concrete allows efficiently calculating the quasi-static and dynamic behaviors of short and slender columns, as well as short and slender walls. The mechanical contribution of FRP plating and wrapping is reproduced in the modeling by adding material (bar type elements with FRP characteristics) and by changing the parameters of the concrete model on the basis of the experience and analytical formula issued from the literature. The relevance of the approach is finally highlighted by comparing the time-history response of real braced frame or wall structures with the experimental results., Dans le cadre de la mise à niveau sismique des bâtiments existants, la technique de renforcement par placage et enrobage de polymères renforcés de fibres (FRP) offre une réponse pertinente. L’objectif de cette thèse est de proposer une modélisation fiable pour la détermination de la réponse quasi-statique et dynamique d’une grande variété d’éléments de structure et d’identifier les apports possibles d’une telle modélisation à la conception. Les stratégies de modélisation s’appuient sur l’utilisation d’éléments finis massifs ou basés sur une cinématique simplifiée (coques multicouches et poutres multifibres), associés à des modèles locaux d’endommagement et de plasticité pour les matériaux en présence (béton, armatures et FRP). L’hypothèse d’adhérence parfaite, d’une part, entre les armatures et le béton, et d’autre part, entre les bandes de FRP et le béton, permet de calculer efficacement les cas des poteaux courants, des poteaux courts, des voiles longs et courts, dans les régimes quasi-statique (pushover) et dynamique. Le renforcement par placage et enrobage FRP pour des structures en béton armé, est reproduit au sein de la modélisation par un apport de matière (éléments de type barre avec les caractéristiques propres des FRP) et des modifications des paramètres de la loi de comportement du béton, justifiées par l’expérimentation et la littérature. La pertinence de l’approche est finalement démontrée en confrontant la réponse temporelle de structures à l’échelle 1, de type ossature ou de type contreventé par des voiles, aux résultats expérimentaux issus de benchmarks internationaux.
- Published
- 2015
48. Dynamic response of structures to random exitation
- Author
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Poirion, F., Zentner, I., ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Laboratoire de Mécanique des Structures Industrielles Durables (LAMSID - UMR 8193), EDF R&D (EDF R&D), EDF (EDF)-EDF (EDF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-EDF R&D (EDF R&D), EDF (EDF)-EDF (EDF), and André, Cécile
- Subjects
NON STATIONNARY ,KARHUNEN LOEVE ,STOCHASTIC PROCESS ,NON GAUSSIAN ,SIMULATION ,SEISM ,[SPI.MAT] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials ,[SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials - Abstract
International audience; In the context of random environment, time-domain simulations of structural responses are often necessary when the structure is nonlinear, but not only : when the structure is linear and the excitation modelled as a non-stationnary non- Gaussian process, Monte Carlo approaches are necessary to identify the probabilistic distribution of the output. It is for example the case in seismic analysis. In this paper we use a stochastic model developped earlier by the authors for non- stationnary and non-Gaussian random processes. It is based on an empirical Karhunen-Lo`eve expansion of the process constructed from an available data basis.In a first part we study the particular case of linear structures. The Monte Carlo becomes particularely simple: one needs only to consider the construction of a low number of responses, corresponding to the deterministic eigen functions of the Karhunen-Lo`eve expansion. The KL expansion of the response is then obtained directly. In a second part we study the case of nonlinear structures.We propose here to construct the Karhunen Lo`eve model of the response, using the experimental input data basis for constructing a data basis for the response.
- Published
- 2014
49. CSTB - Priorité scientifique et technique 'Maîtrise des Risques' : bilan 2010-2013, rapport final
- Author
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Vallerent, S., Blanchard, E., Delpech, P., Demouge, F., Florence, C., Pimienta, P., Salagnac, J.L., Carlotti, P., Centre Scientifique et Technique du Bâtiment (CSTB), and Loyson, Emmanuelle
- Subjects
canicule ,[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-FLU-DYN]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Fluid Dynamics [physics.flu-dyn] ,risques naturels ,vulnerability ,pluie ,feu ,[SPI.MECA.MEFL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Fluids mechanics [physics.class-ph] ,[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-FLU-DYN] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Fluid Dynamics [physics.flu-dyn] ,natural hazard ,heatwave] ,[SPI.MECA.MEFL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Fluids mechanics [physics.class-ph] ,[built environment ,vent ,[SPI.GCIV.RISQ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Civil Engineering/Risques ,séisme ,wind ,[PHYS.MECA.MEFL] Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Fluid mechanics [physics.class-ph] ,vulnérabilité ,rain ,seism ,[PHYS.MECA.MEFL]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Fluid mechanics [physics.class-ph] ,[SPI.GCIV.RISQ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Civil Engineering/Risques ,cadre bâti ,fire - Abstract
42 p.; La priorité scientifique et technique "Maîtrise des Risques" du programme de recherche 2010-2013 du CSTB avait pour ambition de contribuer à éviter les victimes en protégeant les personnes présentes dans le bâti, de limiter les dommages économiques en protégeant les biens et d'assurer la résilience tant technique qu'humaine. Les travaux portaient sur les risques naturels et anthropiques (incendie, vent, séisme, canicule...) et étaient organisés en quatre projets de recherche. Ce rapport présente le contexte de la recherche et les résultats obtenus entre 2010 et 2013. // The objective of the research priority "Risk Mitigation" of CSTB 2010-2013 research program of CSTB was, in case of a disaster, to avoid death by protecting people in buildings, to reduce economic losses by protecting goods and to support human and technical resiliency. The research carried out covered natural hazard (wind, seism, heatwave, flood...) and fire risk. The program was divided into four projects. This report summarizes the context of the research and the results obtained between 2010 and 2013.
- Published
- 2014
50. Evaluation de l’aléa sismique du barrage d’Avène (Hérault – France)
- Author
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Lacave, Corinne and Couturier, Bernard
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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