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Bay leaves (Syzygium polyanthum) and a second wood (Caesalpinia sappan L) are widely known to the public as natural antiseptics for prevention and treatment, including treating digesting diseases, one of which is diarrhea caused by Escherichia coli. Bay leaves and Secang wood can be used as antiseptics because they contain the active substance tannin. This research aims to determine the difference in the antibacterial effectiveness of 96% ethanol extract of bay leaves (Syzygium polyanthum) and 96% ethanol extract of second wood (Caesalpinia sappan L) on growth Escherichia coli bacteria. The type of research is experimental. The method used in this research is the Kirby-Bauer diffusion method. This method observes the clear zone produced from a blank disk that has been treated with bay leaf extract and second wood extract at a concentration of 30%, 60%, and 90% for incubation at 37⁰C for 24 hours. From the research results, it can be concluded that the ethanol extract of bay leaves with a concentration of 30%, 60%, and 90% with an inhibition zone diameter of 0 mm, 7,6 mm, and 9,6 mm. The second wood at a concentration of 30%, 60%, and 90% with an inhibition zone diameter of 10 mm, 11,3 mm, and 14 mm. The statistical test shows that the data is normally distributed with a parametric test ANOVA, p =0,00, which means that there is no significant difference in the diameter of the inhibition zone between the ethanol extract of bay leaves and the ethanol extract of second wood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Caesalpinia sappan L. has great potential as a natural-based mouthwash that can be an excellent option to replace synthetic mouthwash. However, continuous studies on the active ingredients contained in Caesalpinia sappan L. are required to confirm its effectiveness and safety for use as mouthwash. This study aims to evaluate the potential of secang wood (Caesalpinia sappan L.) as an antimicrobial agent in inhibiting the growth of Streptococcus mutans, a type of bacteria that plays a role in the formation of dental plaque and the development of dental caries. Phytochemical screening was carried out using the TLC method to determine the bioactive compounds in secang wood. The bacteria inhibitory activity of the plant extract was done using the Mueller Hinton agar well diffusion method. Results of the study showed that secang wood contains polyphenolic compounds. However, other phytochemicals (alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, and terpenoids) were not detected. The inhibition tests reveal the potential of secang wood extract in inhibiting the growth of Streptococcus mutans with a Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of 17%. There was a significant difference in the inhibitory activity at concentrations of 20%, 25%, 50%, and 75% (p<.0.05). The extract at a concentration of 20% exhibits very low inhibitory activity against Streptococcus mutans growth (p=0.003) compared to other concentrations. Also, there were no significant differences between the 50% and the other concentrations. These findings prove that secang wood has the potential to be an effective antimicrobial agent in inhibiting the growth of Streptococcus mutans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Combination of gambier liquid waste and secang wood (Caesalpinea sappan L.) can add color variations of fabric dyed with natural dyes. This research explained the effect of dyeing combination of gambir liquid waste and secang wood with different mordant method and type on the color shade and other characteristics of rayon and cotton dyed fabric. The mordant process was performed as much as 1 and 2 times using CaO, Al(2SO4)3, FeSO4 mordant and then compared without mordant treatment. The result of the dyed fabrics was evaluated the color shade, color strength (K/S), and fastness properties. The results showed that the color shade of rayon and cotton fabrics were varied. Rayon fibers had a greater affinity and absorption to the liquids waste of gambier and secang wood than in cellulose fibers. The mordant process could increase color strength (K/S) and color fastness to washing, acidic perspiration, rubbing, and light.ABSTRAKKombinasi limbah cair gambir dan kayu secang (Caesalpinea sappan L.) dapat menambah variasi warna kain yang dicelup dengan pewarna alami. Penelitian ini menjelaskan tentang efek pewarnaan kombinasi limbah cair gambir dan kayu secang dengan metoda dan jenis mordan yang berbeda terhadap arah warna dan karakteristik lainnnya dari kain rayon dan katun hasil celupan. Proses mordan yang digunakan adalah 1 kali dan 2 kali mordan menggunakan CaO, Al(2SO4)3, FeSO4 yang dibandingkan dengan tanpa mordan. Kain hasil pewarnaan dievaluasi arah warna, intensitas warna (K/S), dan ketahanan luntur warna. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan arah warna kain rayon dan katun yang lebih bervariasi. Serat rayon memiliki afinitas dan penyerapan yang lebih besar terhadap zat warna limbah cair gambir dan kayu secang dibandingkan dengan serat selulosa. Proses mordan dapat meningkatkan intensitas warna (K/S) dan ketahanan luntur warna terhadap pencucian, keringat asam, gosokan, dan sinar.