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Introduction: Bilateral testicular tuberculosis should be considered as an important differential of testicularswelling and scrotal ulcer in a country like Nigeria with high burden of tuberculosis infection.Case Reports: Here we present three cases of negroid male ranging in age from 39 years to 70 years whohad orchidectomy on account of testicular malignancy that turn out to be genital tuberculosis which wasdiagnosed histologically.Conclusion: Private medical practitioner in low income countries and in region of high tuberculosis burdenshould always have a high index of suspicions for tuberculosis in patients presenting with scrotal ulcers ortesticular swelling that fails to respond to antibiotics therapy. Adequate evaluation of patients with testicularswelling and ulcer by means of abdominal and scrotal ultrasound, bacteriological studies and PCR iscritical to diagnostic accuracy, optimal treatment and possibility of avoiding surgery in those with testiculartuberculosis and guiding against litigation.

© 2020 The Australasian College of Dermatologists, Juvenile gangrenous vasculitis of the scrotum is a rare entity of unknown aetiology which should be considered in the differential diagnosis of genital ulcers, mainly with those caused by sexually transmitted infections. The authors report a case of a 23-year-old patient who presented a single painful scrotal ulcer developing shortly after an episode of pharyngotonsillitis. The ulcer was treated with oral corticosteroids with total healing and no relapse in over two years of follow-up.

A genital ulcer can be associated with sexually transmitted infections, such as syphilis and herpes, and sexually transmitted organisms, such as Chlamydia trachomatis. We report a case of scrotal ulcer caused by Staphylococcus aureus clone USA300 in a 56-year-old man living with human immunodeficiency virus in Osaka, Japan. It is important to enhance the awareness and surveillance regarding the potential of spread of this organism in the community of men who have sex with men in this district.

Schwannoma is a benign tumor that grows from the Schwann cells forming the myelin sheath of peripheral nerves. The clinical manifestations are nonspecific and generally due to compression of the adjacent structures of a growing tumor. The location of the tumor in the scrotum is rare; its primary diagnosis is difficult and only immunohistochemical examination allows the final diagnosis to be established. The authors present a clinical case of a patient operated on at the Urology Department, Moscow Clinical Research Center, for intrascrotal schwannoma causing impaired microcirculation in the scrotal skin to form purulent scrotal ulcers. In terms of the benign pattern and extratesticular localization of the tumor, its removal without orchifuniculectomy can yield a good clinical result.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a global disease and if not adequately treated can lead to morbidity and mortality. Though genitourinary TB is common and only next to pulmonary TB, cutaneous ‘ulcerative’ tuberculosis of the scrotum is not reported so far in the literature. We present a 32-year-old man with a non-healing scrotal ulcer and underwent excision. Histopathology was consistent with TB. Antitubercular therapy was given and at the end of a year’s follow-up, there has been no recurrence. TB of the scrotum should be considered in the differential diagnosis of scrotal ulcers. Proper diagnosis and adequate treatment will offer a cure to such patients.

Evans syndrome is a rare disorder with presentations of autoimmune hemolytic anemia and immune thrombocytopenia, in the absence of any underlying cause. Here, we reported a case with a history of Evans syndrome for seven years. A persistent scrotal ulcer with severe pain occurred for two weeks. He called at our emergency room because of a painful, necrolytic cutaneous ulcer over the scrotal region. A biopsy showed sterile dermal neutrophilia with lymphocytic vasculitis, and pyoderma gangrenosum was impressed. The patient received steroid treatment and recovery after one month.

All-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) has shown a significant improvement in the outcome of patients of acute promyelocytic leukemia and is associated with certain unique adverse effects. We report one such case of APL, who developed ATRA syndrome on day 7 of ATRA, which was relieved after ATRA withdrawal and dexamethasone therapy. Subsequently, with the reintroduction of ATRA, patient developed an unexplained fever which was followed by multiple painless ulcers over the scrotum on day 28 of ATRA. ATRA was withdrawn so as not to induce Fournier’s gangrene, and ulcers were closely monitored without the administration of systemic or local corticosteroids. Eventually, ulcers improved and completely healed by 4 weeks. This is a rare case report, wherein the same patient develops ATRA syndrome followed by scrotal ulcers, suggesting that the scrotal ulcer is a rare specific adverse effect of ATRA and its monitoring is required especially in patients having unexplained fever and leucocytosis.

Skin rashes that appear during febrile illnesses can be due to various infectious diseases and non-infectious conditions that can range from mild self-limiting diseases to potentially life threatening conditions. Hence a comprehensive knowledge of these diseases is required. A comprehensive history must be taken, including intake of any medications, contact with animals, recent travel, and trekking in various natural environments. Complete and thorough physical examination can provide clues to early diagnosis. Here we report a case which presented with high grade fever, generalized blanching maculopapular rashes, and headache. Close examination revealed a scrotal ulcer leading to the diagnosis of scrub typhus which was confirmed by ELISA and treated successfully with doxycycline.

Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a highly prevalent herpesvirus that can present with cutaneous disease in immunocompromised individuals. This may reflect systemic involvement, which is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Objective: To report a case of cutaneous CMV in an immunocompromised patient and to discuss the differential diagnosis of genital ulcers. Methods: A medical chart review was conducted on a patient who presented with a scrotal ulcer after renal transplantation. A review of the literature on cutaneous CMV disease was also completed. Results: Biopsy of the scrotal ulcer revealed classic findings of CMV disease. The patient also developed CMV viremia. Treatment with valganciclovir resolved his scrotal ulcer and viremia. Conclusion: The differential diagnosis for genital ulcers is broad, especially in the immunocompromised patient. Cutaneous CMV disease should be ruled out with biopsy and immunohistochemical examination in immunocompromised patients, as it may reflect systemic involvement and significantly affect patient care.

Background. In developed countries, typhoid fever is a travel-associated disease that is often overlooked. However, as standard blood and stool culture methods have relatively low sensitivity, diagnosis depends heavily on clinical signs and symptoms and on a high level of suspicion. Methods. Reported here is the case of an 18-year-old male who presented with fever and acute scrotal ulcers and whose blood cultures were positive for Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi. A review of genital ulcers associated with typhoid fever in the literature is discussed. Conclusion. This report suggests that typhoid fever is a differential diagnosis of acute genital ulcers.

Giant inguinal herniae pose a surgical challenge, though not uncommon in the developing world they are a rare presentation in the UK. We present a patient with cardiac disease who presented with a giant inguino-scrotal hernia complicated by a bleeding scrotal ulcer. We describe his medical management and the surgical repair of the hernia and refashioning of his scrotum.

An isolated tuberculous Orchitis without epididymal involvement is rare. This case report describes an extra pulmonary tuberculosis with exclusively testicular presentation. The confirmatory diagnosis of which was made on FNAC of the testis. A 22-year-old adult presented with unilateral testicular enlargement and scrotal ulcer on the same side. FNAC was performed and subsequent smear examination revealed epitheloid granuloma in a necrotic background. This was suggestive of tubercular orchitis, which was further confirmed by demonstration of very occasional acid fast bacilli in the smear. Isolated tuberculous orchitis is a rare entity; FNAC is a useful first choice of investigation. It provides a successful diagnosis thereby preventing unnecessary orchidectomy.

Tumor cytoreduction combined with intraperitoneal hyperthermic chemotherapy has been shown to be an effective method to delay the progression of peritoneal carcinomatosis. We describe 2 cases of painful scrotal ulcer after tumor debulking and intraperitoneal infusion of mitomycin-C for treatment of metastatic abdominal malignancies. Although the pathogenesis is unknown, the awareness of its presence and early signs of clinical presentations by clinicians is very important.

The Tropical Journal of Health Sciences Vol. 12(2) 2005: 44-46

We present an extremely huge and longstanding, giant inguinoscrotal hernia extending to below the knee with an ulcer at its base. Though hernias of this magnitude are rare, their management can be demanding and challenging. Nevertheless, in an emergency situation, the repair of the hernial defect is not essential, especially in a compromised patient. In fact, the most important step is excision of the devitalised tissue, and the final surgery can be delayed. In nonemergency management, definitive surgery can be planned either by a period of preoperative staged pneumoperitoneum, repairing after a resection of bowel and omentum, or replacing the content and ventilation of the patient to avoid the pressure on the cardiorespiratory system by forcing the tissue. This case highlights the problems encountered in management of huge hernias.

Basal cell carcinoma of the penis is rare. A patient who presented with a penile and scrotal ulcer due to basal cell carcinoma is reported. Wide local excision and split skin grafting were performed to excise the lesion completely.