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Copyright of Revista Anagramas is the property of Editorial Universidad de Medellin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A complex of interconnected strategic, technological, and organisational problems in the development of scientific periodicals in Russia has been identified. The necessity of delineating an independent direction for policy-making and management of the system of periodic scientific publications, as a unified object of management within the strategic documents defining the scientific and technological policy and in the structure of state governance of the scientific and technological sphere, has been substantiated. Measures are proposed and justified to harmonise the national network of scientific journals with the forefront of ongoing scientific research in the country; to strike a balance between global and national languages of science while maintaining the visibility of Russian publications and authors at a global level; to promote self-organisation within science and reinstate the leading role of editorial boards and collegial forms of work; to subordinate infrastructure, the editorial-publishing process, and peer review to editorial boards.

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Historia is the property of Associacao Nacional dos Professores Universitarios de Historia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article outlines the significant organizational and scientific changes that occurred in Bulgarian psychology after the fall of the totalitarian regime in 1989. These included the establishment of new university and research centers in psychology, the abolition of ideological censorship in psychology publications, free choice of research methodology and methods, free communication, and exchange of ideas with foreign psychologists, and the development of psychoanalytic practice and psychological services. The liberalization of the social conditions for the development of science, in general, made psychology a much sought‐after science and practice. In this time of social transition, its authority grew significantly due to the fact that its calling was to study and solve, above all, the problems of the people, especially as they were faced with new social conditions. In the last 30 years, psychological science in Bulgaria has been significantly humanized. These changes allowed scientists to propose new methodological approaches not only to the study of the psyche, but also to the study of both Bulgarian and foreign history of psychology. Although in the last 30 years not all measures taken in the institutional management of the psychological science were positive, Bulgarian psychology was given a new opportunity to join the international scientific community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reconstructs Stefan Żółkiewski’s (a.k.a. Hetman) political involvement between 1948 and 1958. It is mainly based on archival and memoir materials, using methodological inspiration from Pierre Bourdieu’s sociology, the paradigm of clues, and oral history. The author shows the particular conditions affecting the fate of Polish scholars from the 1910 generation and foregrounds the recurring problems of scientific policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Runa: Archivo para las Ciencias del Hombre is the property of Runa: Archivo para las Ciencias del Hombre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract In this article, we propose a critical and situational assessment of Brazilian social scientists’ production on the COVID pandemic. We take stock of production within the context of the pandemic, yet also go further to sketch out some of the general characteristics of scientific production within Brazilian social sciences. Our major reference is a publication that, from within the social sciences, initiated an entire movement toward public reflections on the pandemic: the Social Scientists and Coronavirus Bulletin. It was published on a daily basis under the auspices of the National Association of Graduate Studies and Research in Social Sciences (Anpocs), in partnership with other scientific associations. We argue that social sciences’ reaction to the pandemic both engages and contrasts with the tradition of debates on health within our disciplines. We also offer a classification scheme for the wide range of texts written “in the heat of the moment” by social scientists, in their quest to understand the pandemic and its effects. Finally, we offer a brief and descriptive analysis of the Bulletin’s texts characteristics, unfolding into a larger discussion of the institutional transformations that have marked Brazilian social sciences.

On the occasion of the journal's anniversary, the author discusses three issues in the field of scientific policy in Serbia: the journal's language and script, the issue of the publisher, and the journal's place and role in the scientific community. The author concludes that the mass transition of scientific journals in Serbia to English, with the abolition of Serbian versions of texts (the tradition pursued by the Sociološki pregled / Sociological Review), leads not only to stopping the development of the domestic scientific terminology, but also to the stagnation and long-term disappearance of local (national) scientific communities. Scientific communities of individual countries or languages, particularly in the humanities and social sciences, are essential for scientific research of local (national) societies, their economic, social and cultural problems and specifics. Their gradual winding down can also be considered a form of cultural neocolonialism.

This text discusses and denounces the growing trend of “bibliometric denialism,” which rejects the utility of bibliometric indicators in scientific evaluation. This denialism is evident in the decision to dispense with metrics, a practice encouraged by the Declaration on Research Assessment (Dora) and, especially, upon the signing of the Agreement on Reforming Research Assessment promovido promoted by the Coalition for Advancing Research Assessment (Coara). Both advocate for a more qualitative approach, primarily based on peer review. However, we argue that these qualitative approaches have been adopted without considering their limitations and ignoring the principles and methods of evaluative bibliometrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present article consists of a historiographical reflection on the trajectory of the journal Estudos e Pesquisas em Psicologia [Studies and Research in Psychology], of the Institute of Psychology of the State University of Rio de Janeiro [Instituto de Psicologia da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro] (IP-UERJ), on the occasion of the 20th anniversary (2001-2021) of this journal. Through a documental analysis of the regular editions (except for the thematic dossiers) and interviews with three former editors-in-chief, are analyzed, in particular: the journal's creation context, in the early 2000s; the transformations in the editorial process, resulting both from the injunctions of scientific policies for evaluating journals by CAPES, and from the massive migration of scientific publications to the electronic media; the impacts of the systemic crisis of public university funding (notably, the specificities of the UERJ context) in the second half of the 2010s. In this way, are considered both the specificities of the trajectory of the Estudos e Pesquisas em Psicologia and the meanings and challenges involved in editorial production in the contemporary scenario. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The beauty of science lies within its core assumption that it seeks to identify the truth, and as such, the truth stands alone and does not depend on the person who proclaims it. However, people's proclivity to succumb to various stereotypes is well known, and the scientific world may not be exceptionally immune to the tendency to judge a book by its cover. An interesting example is geographical bias, which includes distorted judgments based on the geographical origin of, inter alia, the given work and not its actual quality or value. Here, we tested whether both laypersons (N = 1532) and scientists (N = 480) are prone to geographical bias when rating scientific projects in one of three scientific fields (i.e., biology, philosophy, or psychology). We found that all participants favored more biological projects from the USA than China; in particular, expert biologists were more willing to grant further funding to Americans. In philosophy, however, laypersons rated Chinese projects as better than projects from the USA. Our findings indicate that geographical biases affect public perception of research and influence the results of grant competitions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Intus-Legere Historia is the property of Intus-Legere Historia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Estudios sobre el Mensaje Periodistico is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article frames and contextualizes the formation and reformulation of scientific and technological institutionalism in Central American countries. It establishes an interpretation of the perceptions of scientific policies in Central America in a comparative manner, starting from the definition of the objectives, goals, and perceptions built around scientific and technological public policies in order to determine the weight exerted by innovation and social cohesion approaches during the formulation and discussion stages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ethos (0860-8024) is the property of John Paul II Institute, Faculty of Philosophy, John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Socioloski Pregled is the property of Srpsko Sociolosko Drustvo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The emergence of the entrepreneurial paradigm in scientific work characterizes the contemporary transition of science in pursuit of greater applicability and socio-economic relevance of scientific-technological developments. Collaboration becomes central and from a paradox that suggests both convergence and divergence in it, often situations of ambiguity and uncertainty invade everyday scientific practices, altering what is being done in it. This research illustrates how the restoration of collaborative action and its sustainability is conditioned by different aspects that characterize a "weak" or "tight" organizing between the parties. From an organizational perspective, it contributes to a greater understanding of the changes in "doing science" and the way in which scientists make their work convincing, meaningful and sustainable over time. What helps to resolve the debates on science policy to promote it, since ultimately, it is the actions and social interactions of scientists that show what is feasible to do and, above all, how to carry it out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a lot of concern about climate change, nature and quality of life of people. Human activities directly affect more than 70% of the global ice-free land surface. Land also plays an important role on climate. Sustainable land and forest management can prevent and reduce land degradation, maintain soil fertility and productivity and reverse the adverse impact of climate change and land degradation. The present state of our environment, problems and future for EC science and science policy are presented in this paper. The actual status with regard to agriculture, industry, food, environmental microbiology, production and consumption of greenhouse gasses and how microorganisms will be affected by climate change and how microorganisms affect climate changes and other human activities are shown. Quality of life and suitability of environmental policies are discussed. Analyzes, contribution and problems of environmental policy are demonstrated. Future purposes, priority areas and directions of the environmental EU policy are also presented. In addition, polices for implementation of bio-environmental strategy as complex purpose are discussed. Supporting of scientific personals involved in this policy, enough financing of environmental sciences and identifying priority areas were shown. Financial regulation for environmental policy and priority areas are being underlined. The following aspects are also handled: protection of intellectual property, science infrastructure, government and private science units, updated supply of science policy information, as well as cooperation and coordination between EC members. Building scientific centers to study the relationship among environmental science and policy and business are presented. Actions for implementation of the environmental strategy are recommended. More and more stronger standards for protection and maintenance of environmental quality are recommended. The EU countries have to initiate the introduction of new laws for protection of humanity and environment. The discussion of the above-mentioned problems strongly supports the paper: “scientist’ warning to humanity: microorganisms and climate change”. Some scientists predict environmental collapses at different periods. Bio, organic low impute and sustainable agricultural practices reduce the negative tendencies for natural processes, soil fertility, rate of contamination of soils, waters and air and climate changes. Poverty, soil contamination, ways of soil exploitation, low rate of waste management, rate of concern of nature by political leaders and governments have influenced the rate of climate changes. Better and stricter standards are needed for protection and maintenance of our environment. The EU countries can take an initiative for new laws to protect humanity and maintain our environment at the present level.

Purpose: the article is aimed at studying the present state and current trends in R&D activities of France in the context of French state scientific policy. For that purpose the French scientific policy’s main areas and instruments were analyzed, the principle shifts were highlighted. The transformation of the French scientific policy was examined and assessed.Methods: in the article there were used such methods as description, comparison, system principle, analytical approach and tabular method.Results: by research findings the course of the French scientific policy’s transformation under the EU influence was stipulated. The crucial, to the author’s mind, areas of the French scientific policy were defined. Some current development trends of the French R&D activities’ were stipulated.Conclusions and Relevance: it was proved that under the EU influence France is gradually shifting away from its traditional tough regulation of the national innovation system toward stimulating private innovations and developing R&D infrastructure. Among crucial areas and instruments of the French scientific policy there were: direct financing; providing tax reliefs; regionalization and clusterization; support of SMEs; development of universities’ research potential; stimulating cooperation between research institutions, just as between research institutions and industrial firms. Among crucial trends of change there were: R&D expenditures increase among universities and industrial companies, including fundamental research R&D; state research institutes’ R&D expenditures downfall in 2010 and their further stagnation; attempts to copy some US innovation development experience. It was shown that the reforms implemented, though get some increase of R&D activity of commercial firms, are not effective enough, according to some experts, because of bureaucratization and sometimes come down to creation of new bureaucratic institutions or their merging.

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Ciencias Sociais is the property of Revista Brasileira de Ciencias Sociais and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Innovar: Revista de Ciencias Administrativas y Sociales is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Neutrosophic Computing & Machine Learning is the property of Multimedia Larga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article frames and contextualizes the formation and reformulation of scientific and technological institutionalism in Central American countries. It establishes an interpretation of the perceptions of scientific policies in Central America in a comparative manner, starting from the definition of the objectives, goals, and perceptions built around scientific and technological public policies in order to determine the weight exerted by innovation and social cohesion approaches during the formulation and discussion stages.

The results of analysis of the status position of a young scientist as a multidimensional sociocultural phenomenon and not only as an instrumental category of scientific policy are presented. The socio-historical context of the formation of the category of youth is considered, the constitutive characteristics of this social group are identified, and the transformations that it undergoes under the dominance of the innovative strategy of economic and social development are revealed. Comparing Russian and foreign (primarily European) practice, the author points out that Russian functionaries lack an understanding of what the status of a young scientist is. It is substantiated that this status is determined according not so much to the age criterion as to the criterion of career advancement. In the leading countries in the field of science, a junior scientist goes through certain stages of career growth, some of which, primarily postdoctoral studies, have no equivalent in Russia. A comparative analysis of the postgraduate and postdoctoral stages makes it possible to draw certain conclusions about the importance of postdoctoral studies as an instrument of scientific policy under, on the one hand, an increased supply of scientific labor and, on the other, the need to transfer knowledge and skills within the framework of the model of interaction between science, the state, and the private sector, known as the triple helix pattern. Finally, the conclusion is substantiated that the position of a junior scientist, characterized by a marginal position in the scientific hierarchy and the risk of leaving the profession, is of great sociocultural importance since it is during "scientific youth" when unique human capital, cognitive and social, is formed. The totality of acquired individual competencies determines the further development of science, as well as related areas involved in the application and dissemination of scientific knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays energy diplomacy tends to be one of most relevant and important fields of applied research in International Relations. It is characterized by an interdisciplinary approach being an intersection of political and economic theory, international law, energetics, theory of diplomacy, as well as other fields. Still, numerous research works in the given area both in Russia and abroad are characterized by a number of controversies, such as absence of a common theoretical, methodological basis and conventional terminology, as well as lack of consistency in the choice of scientific paradigms, which leads to divergence of research results and hinders the comparability of the latter. Along with that, in terms of scientific policy it is worth mentioning the absence of a common scientific space in the above field of research, which tends to be shaped by national research cultures and traditions. Throughout the 2000-2010s representatives of the MGIMO scientific school have accumulated experience in dealing with problems of energy diplomacy. However, most of the existing works do not specify the selected political theory paradigms, such as, for instance, realism, liberalism or constructivism. With no intention to conduct a comparative analysis of the aforementioned concepts, the authors of the article outline the key theoretical findings of political realism as the most suitable paradigm for explaining, analyzing and eventually forecasting the recent trends and phenomena given the current geopolitical and economical juncture. They prove the applicability of the proposed model to the OPEC case study and demonstrate its potential practical usefulness for policy-makers in foreign affairs and international energy relations.

Copyright of Revista Iberoamericana de Ciencia, Tecnologia y Sociedad is the property of Centro de Estudios sobre Ciencia, Desarrollo y Educacion Superior and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article synthesizes an investigation on the appropriation of the international model of innovation in Colombian Scientific Policy and the controversial dynamics generated after its implementation. The mode of analysis adopted lies in an integration by a combination of micro approaches (representations and controversies), with macro approaches (world culture and field theory), articulated to a methodological procedure in which an index of controversiality is proposed as a novelty, And after that, results emerge that show how the dissemination of the international model focused on innovation has been effective, but that given its emphasis on the economic utility of science, it has ended up generating controversies among scientific agents, linked to the incipient social world of science in Colombia, showing a perception of discomfort. Given this discovery, the discussion suggests how an alternative citizen model of scientific policy could be, where the economic representation of innovation is balanced with social and environmental innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ciencia y Sociedad is the property of Ciencia y Sociedad and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Ibero-Americana de Ciência da Informação is the property of Revista Ibero-Americana de Ciencia da Informacao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Organizational models of public policies in science, technology and innovation (STI) show the profile of the State and the role performed by the different actors, whether public or private. Consequently, giving an account of recent STI policies involves focusing on the tools used by the State to position and guide institutions according to the predominant interests and views in the political and economic context. The article analyzes STI policy instruments from the viewpoint of their specific objectives, thereby facilitating the approach to interpreting policy profiles. It studies the manifestations of this phenomenon in Latin America in particular, accounting for general trends and specific cases.

This article analyzes the tensions and challenges for academics posed by changes in the National System of Researchers policies, which have an impact on their decisions and influence their careers and practice with regard to their admission, continuance in, and rise in the system. Researchers face a clear contradiction between the diverse evaluation policies, the fulfillment of indicators that weigh quality against quantity of academic products; the choice between individual and team projects; the balance between the heterogeneity of criteria vis-à-vis other evaluation systems; and belonging to research groups and networks. The author's conclusions lean toward proposing alternatives for a more just evaluation that would allow for improvement in research and teaching activities and the decrease in the bureaucratic workload. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The accounting of scientific publications using scientometric indicators is analyzed in the context of evaluating the performance of the academic staff of Russian universities and associates of RAS research institutes and the way in which it is used by state and administrative structures. The evolution of the country's attitude to scientometric indicators in recent decades is shown, the main drawbacks of the use of scientometric criteria are identified, and possible solutions to this problem are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Foreign experience has shown that close interaction with the national scientific diaspora is imperative to reinforce the scientific and technological potential of society. Academic studies have established specific traits of the global circulation of scientific personnel, including fruitful cooperation between emigrant scientists and the donor country. By the example of China, India, Korea, Taiwan, and Iran, this article shows the successful experience of developing a systems policy relative to national scientific diasporas. As for Russia, the state's measures in this respect are uncoordinated and inconsistent. Proposals for widening cooperation with the Russian scientific diaspora are formulated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Technological and Social Development Projects (PDTS) emerged as a response derived to the problem of academic evaluation in Argentina. Its emergence dates from the commissions convened by the then Ministry of Science, Technology and Productive Innovation in 2011 and 2012 that sought to review the evaluation parameters of the scientific task. The analysis that follows recovers over fifty interviews carried out with key actors of the process of the aforementioned scientific policy tool (officials, project managers, research teams, members of the PDTS Nacional Bank accrediting committees, members and coordinators of the special commissions of CONICET that evaluate requests for promotion and reports of researchers involved in PDTS) as well as a detailed documentary revision of forms of application, evaluation criteria documents, procceding and includes an updated bibliographical revision and analysis of scientific policies. In our analysis we highlight the awareness of officials about the importance of the evaluation criteria to address the problem of the lack of applied and technological research. The generation of instances of dialogue and articulation in a highly fragmented scientific system was another interesting effect of the process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Boletín Geológico y Minero is the property of Instituto Tecnologico Geominero De Espana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Comportamentalia is the property of Instituto de Psicologia y Educacion de la Universidad Veracruzana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Científica Guillermo de Ockham is the property of Revista Cientifica Guillermo de Ockham, Universidad de San Buenaventura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The modern situation in our country is characterized by a predominance of a new bureaucracy in the spheres of science and higher education. This bureaucracy grounds its “reformatory” activity with different social myths. In this article we criticize these myths.