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The article is devoted to the speleotourism development in Uzbekistan. The idea is substantiated that speleotourism in the republic is classified as unorganized, i.e. wild tourism. There are travel agencies that organize tours to the caves and include a visit to the Khojaikon cave in the excursion program. The purpose of the article is to present recommendations for the development of speleotourism in the republic in the near future. The article explores the concept of "speleotourism" from the point of view of various fields of knowledge, as well as the author's definition of one of the new segments of the tourism market in Uzbekistan - speleotours. The author focuses on the types of caves and their location throughout the republic. The factors influencing the availability and attendance of speleotourism objects are highlighted and described. Based on the study of foreign experience in the development of speleotourism, it has been established that tourists will visit the caves in order to restore their health by visiting the salt caves. In addition, the caves can become objects of educational tourism. This article substantiates the idea that speleotourism will contribute to increasing employment of the population by creating additional jobs, developing infrastructure around the objects of speleotourism, will lead to an improvement in the quality of life of citizens, as well as to meet the needs for active and good rest, health promotion. The article summarizes some of the results of the study, concluding that speleotourism has a development perspective, the share of tourism in the republic's GDP will increase.

Over the past 15 years several expeditions by French, American and especially Italian cavers have unveiled over 50 caves in the Cordillera de la Sal (Atacama Desert, Northern Chile). Many of these caves contain a variety of speleothems and minerals, some of which have rarely been observed within karst systems. Most of the secondary deposits in these caves are composed of halite, but also other halide, carbonate, sulphate, nitrate, phosphate, and silicate minerals have been found. Among the sixteen cave mineral species recognized, atacamite, darapskite, blödite, leonite, anhydrite, and especially antarcticite are worth mentioning. In one of the samples an unknown Ca-Sr-bearing chloride mineral has also been discovered, but it has not been possible to carry out detailed mineralogical analyses. These often-rare minerals have formed in this region due to the very extreme hyperarid and salt-rich environment. This research reports the mineralogical results and proposes the genetical mechanisms leading to the formation of antarcticite, powdery anhydrite, and the paragenesis of the halite-darapskite-blödite. This study also shows that Atacama caves may be excellent analogues to study weathering processes and subsurface secondary minerals in hyperarid and hypersaline environments on Mars.

TEZ11952 Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 2019. Kaynakça (s. 113-116) var. xiv, 117 s. : res. (bzs. rnk.), tablo ; 29 cm. Bu çalışmada, yer altı tuz domlarında oluşturulan mağaralarda hidrojen depolama aşamaları ile bu aşamalarda kullanılan yöntem ve sistemler incelenmiştir. Kaya tuzu mekanik yapısı araştırılarak, mağara stabilitesini etkileyen güvenlik sınır değerleri belirlenmiştir. Tuz domalarında kaverna oluşumu ile hidrojen depolama aşamalarını içeren sistemler, Tuz Gölü Doğalgaz Depolama Projesi kapsamında Aksaray ilinde inşa edilen 12 kaverna analizi üzerinden gerçekleştirilmiştir. Tuz Gölü bölgesinde oluşturulmuş kaverna boyut ve özellikleri kullanılarak hidrojen ile doğalgaz depolama değerleri hesaplanmış ve sonuçlar karşılaştırılmıştır. Buna ek olarak, farklı derinliklerde teorik kaverna ölçütleri belirlenerek, iki gaza ait farklı basınç ve sıcaklıklar için depolanma değerleri; kütle, hacim, enerji ve yastık gazı yüzdesi üzerinden analiz edilmiştir. Yeraltı tuz mağaralarında hidrojen depolama aşama ve sistemlerinde, doğalgaz depolama yöntemine göre karşılaşılacak farklılıklar tartışılmıştır. In this study, hydrogen storage stages in caves formed in underground salt domes and methods and systems used in these stages were investigated. By investigating the mechanical structure of rock salt, safety limit values affecting the stability of the cave were determined. The systems including cavern formation and hydrogen storage stages in salt domes were carried out through 12 caverna analyzes constructed in Aksaray within the scope of Tuz Golu Natural Gas Storage Project. Hydrogen and natural gas storage values were calculated by using caverna dimensions and properties formed in Tuz Gölü region and the results were compared. In addition, theoretical cavernary criteria were determined at different depths and the storage values for the different pressures and temperatures of the two gases; mass, volume, energy and percentage of pad gas. The differences in the stages and systems of hydrogen storage in underground salt caves according to natural gas storage method are discussed.

Introduction. Human activity usually leads to a deterioration in air quality; therefore, searching for places that simulate an environment without pollution is important. Artificial salt caves play crucial role, as a kind of therapy, known as halotherapy, based on treatment in a controlled air medium that simulates a natural salt cave microclimate. Objective. Evaluation of awareness about the existence of salt caves, basic knowledge about the purpose for their presence among people who bought salt caves sessions, and checking their subjective estimation of salt caves influence on their well-being. Material & Methods. 303 inhabitants (18–51-years-old) of 3 randomly chosen cities of southern Poland were surveyed using a validated author’s questionnaire. Both genders were represented in comparable numbers. Results. It was be observed that knowledge about the existence of salt-caves is common – 94% of respondents. 96 persons bought at least 3 salt caves sessions. The majority of women, did this for therapeutic reasons (57%), and men for both therapeutic and relaxation reasons (both 39%). Both among women and men, the dysfunctions intended to be cured by sessions included problems with throat, larynx or sinus. Depression as a reason for buying sessions was mentioned only by women. In general, those who attended felt better after sessions in salt caves. Conclusion. Besides the health benefits, people do not have free time for rest and activities in clean air; moreover, stress is inseparable from everyday life, and for that reasons salt caves become places that help to support a proper lifestyle.