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The purpose of the article is to make a comparison between the regulations that were generated in 2010 for small and medium-sized farmers, giving rise to the Ecuadorian Simplified Tax Regime RISE, and with that of the year 2024, which is understood as the Simplified Regime for Entrepreneurs and Popular Businesses. RIMPE, with the intention of identifying the benefits or obstacles that arise in the evaluated regulations, and with the premise of the SRI Internal Revenue Service of increasing the base of taxpayers who pay taxes in Ecuador, the initiative generated by the RISE is analyzed. in raising awareness in the tax culture in the country, and with RIMPE the aim is to continue with the characteristic of this regime, having as its main characteristic that the rates are progressive, that is, they increase for taxpayers who have more income, and at At the same time, it simplifies compliance with tax obligations for natural and legal persons who are in this regime, comprising two segments: popular business and entrepreneurs, with the aim of motivating entrepreneurship at a general level and therefore for people or companies to generate resources necessary to cover internal needs and also support the population and, above all, to improve collections based on the results of the sales generated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study investigated the effects of a Teaching Personal and Social Responsibility (TPSR)-based physical education (PE) program on students' responsibility and tripartite efficacy beliefs (i.e., self-efficacy, other-efficacy, and relation-inferred self-efficacy (RISE)). Methods: A quasiexperimental design with pretest and posttest quantitative methods was applied. The participants were 114 students assigned to the control or experimental group. Results: The results indicated that compared with both control group students and their own baseline values, the experimental group reported significant improvements in responsibility, self-efficacy, other-efficacy, and RISE. Conclusions: Implementing the TPSR model in PE can not only positively affect students' responsibility but also boost students' efficacy beliefs through the model's five formats (e.g. awareness talk) and application strategies (e.g. empowerment). PE educators are encouraged to strictly comply with implementing details of the TPSR model to effectively improve efficacy beliefs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is a descriptive and analytic study of the tones and tone sandhi of the Southern Wu dialect of Lóngyóu (龙游), a city of c. 400,000 inhabitants located about 375 km southwest of Shanghai in Western Zhejiang Province, China. It is based on data collected in 2018 from two female native speakers. Our data is analyzed with Praat (Boersma and Weenick in Praat: doing phonetics by computer, 1992–2021) to document the F0 and duration correlates to the tonal categories and their sandhi changes. Evidence is presented for the representation of the tones in terms of Register and Contour (Bao in On the nature of tone, 1990; The structure of tone, Oxford University Press, 1999). One of the sandhis is analyzed as the conjunction of two Optimality Theoretic (Prince and Smolensky in Optimality theory, MIT Press, 1993, 2004) markedness constraints. A lexically-determined reflex of the Middle Chinese chiuhsheng metatony is also documented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article is to address the development of mysticism based on the short story Substância by João Guimarães Rosa, in which the presence of the female figure is essential for the couple's upward movement. With this objective in mind, we seek to focus on an attentive and careful reading of the story, in order to listen to the mysticism that allows itself to resonate. Preserving the authenticity of the work and aware of the text as an otherness, we will seek to note how the development of the mysticism rests on the love nurtured by the couple. In this movement, the character Maria Exita becomes relevant as a guide who leads Sionésio in his conversion until the love between the couple elevates them to the encounter of cosmic unity in an epiphanic moment. At the end we present a parallel of the role played by the Rosean character in tune with two characters from the Western tradition: the Holy Mary of Christianity and the priestess Diotima in the dialogue The Banquet by Plato. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main goals of this research are to determine the developmental tendency of salmonellosis in the Republic of North Macedonia and to determine the index of dynamics and the rate of decline/increase of salmonellosis in the Republic of North Macedonia. The research covers the period from 01.01.2012 until 31.12.2022. The data used to implement this study were obtained from the Institute of Public Health of the Republic of North Macedonia. The research included 2711 subjects who were sick with salmonellosis from 2012 to 2022. The following statistical methods of work are used: linear trend, dynamic index with a constant base, dynamic index with a variable base (chain index), rate of decline, and rate of increase. The results of the study suggest that in the period 2012-2022, the highest number of patients (n=373) and the highest incidence (18/100000) of salmonellosis were registered in 2018, and the lowest in 2020 (n=119, I=5.8/100000). From the linear trend values, it can be concluded that salmonellosis in the Republic of North Macedonia shows a decreasing tendency. The biggest increase in salmonellosis in the Republic of North Macedonia was in 2015 by 71% compared to 2014. The biggest decrease in salmonellosis in the Republic of North Macedonia was in 2020 by 48% compared to 2019. From the study, it can be concluded that food operators and manufacturers are observing the procedures of the HACCP control system for food safety, leading to a possible decrease in salmonellosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cancer is one of the most common diseases around the world, which is difficult to treat due to the versatility and adaptability of cancer cells for facing normal cell death and the invisibility of the immune system. Many types of treatments have been proposed in the literature to deal with this disease, one of these promising methods is the Oncolytic Virotherapy (OV) technique. Controllers have an essential role in this process as they help in carefully managing injection periods, determining appropriate doses, and facing uncertainty in biological parameters. In this paper, an adaptive controller is designed Immune Robust Integral Signum of the Error (IRISE) that give and schedule optimal medication doses to control tumor growth. In addition, an Improved Crow Search Algorithm (ICSA) was used to obtain the optimal parameters for this controller. The controller was validated using a mathematical model of the Interaction Between Tumor Cells and Oncolytic Virus (ITCV) on several cases in different conditions of uncertainty and disturbances. Using a continuous controller to maintain the viral concentration helps to reduce the very high doses of medication needed at the start of therapy, as the viral load can be reduced by half, which in turn reduces concerns about toxicity and costs. The comparative results showed the IRISE based ICSA outperforms the CSA by 0.0 % and 0.02 % at subjects S1 and S3 respectively. In addition, the performance of IRISE controller accommodated most the ITCV model uncertainty in subject S3. In contrast, failure in subject S1 to accommodate stromal cells presence and parameters uncertainty.

BackgroundBehçet's disease (BD), a chronic systemic vasculitis, has distinct geographical and ethnic variation. Data regarding the epidemiology of patients with BD in the U.S. are limited; therefore, we sought to describe BD patient characteristics and medication use in the U.S., and compared them with data from patients from endemic regions.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study using data from the RISE registry (2014-2018). Patients aged ≥ 18 years with BD were included. Sociodemographic and treatment information was extracted. We compared patients from the RISE registry to data from other published studies of patients with BD from endemic areas.ResultsOne thousand three hundred twenty-three subjects with BD from the RISE registry were included. Mean age was 48.7 ± 16.3 years, female to male ratio was 3.8:1, and 66.7% were White. The most frequently used medications included glucocorticoids (67.6%) and colchicine (55.0%). Infliximab and adalimumab were the most used biologics (14.5% and 14.1%, respectively); 3.2% of patients used apremilast. The RISE registry had more women (79.3%), and patients were older compared to previously published BD studies from endemic areas. Methotrexate and TNFi were more commonly reported in RISE (21.8% and 29.4%) compared to studies from Egypt and Turkey. Colchicine, cyclosporine, and cyclophosphamide were more commonly used in cohorts from Egypt, Turkey, and Iran.ConclusionsFindings from the largest BD dataset in the U.S. suggest that BD patients are predominantly female. Further research is needed to explore the reasons for the higher prevalence of BD among women in the U.S. and its possible impact on disease severity and management.

Plain Language Summary Comprehensive sexuality education programmes are often not implemented properly because facilitators are not adequately prepared, and the community usually resist such programs. Similarly, in Zambia, the teachers and CBHWs implementing sexual and reproductive health activities often felt uncomfortable discussing sensitive sexuality topics with adolescents. This study was conducted within a bigger research project exploring whether teachers and community-based health workers together can effectively deliver sexual and reproductive health information at school and community levels. Discussions on the delivery of ASRHR services were held with teachers and CBHWs to identify their roles, and challenges that they experienced, and find solutions to problems. The interviews showed that the teachers and CBHWs provided sexual reproductive health and rights (SRHR) counselling to adolescents and parents. They were also involved in mobilising communities to attend SRHR meetings, sensitise, and refer them to SRHR services. However, teachers and CBHWs encountered several challenges. These include late reporting and hiding of sexual abuse cases, myths about contraceptives, and stigmatisation of girls with history of sexual abuse, and pregnancy. Further, girls felt shy to participate in SRHR discussions due to customary norms and values regarding marriage. More community engagement opportunities are needed to break the barriers of communication, and shift cultural norms to help enhance adolescent uptake of SRHR services in order to prevent pregnancy and other related challenges.

This quantitative documentary research study investigated tax culture of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Rocafuerte Canton, and its effect on tax collection applying a diagnosis to determine tax compliance and behavior regarding their culture and collection generated. Accordingly, this study resulted there were found 286 SMEs registered at the Taxpayer Registry; 206 are registered as the taxpayers and/or Unique Taxpayer Registry (RUC, for its initials in Spanish), and 80 are registered as the Ecuadorian Simplified Tax Regime (RISE, for its initials in Spanish). Descriptive method was used, and it was undertaken a survey of 58 SME owners on topics such as economic activities, types of SMEs, investment, and monthly purchase and sales volume, using stratified random sampling. The findings indicate that these SMEs have a diversity of economic activities mostly corresponding to retail businesses, with 67% devoted to the buying and selling of food, and 95% being sole proprietorships. Likewise, most of them inject capital through informal loans, with purchase and sale volumes that meet the permitted range of category A from 0 to 5,000 usually using RISE, so as not to be obliged to keep accounting. In conclusion, the lack of interest and ignorance about tax issues and benefits, and the limited used of financial instruments imply that these retail traders may commit irregularities and may be subject to sanctions, which determines that tax culture level is meaningfully low in this canton. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The core idea of traditional adaptive control is to reconstruct parameter estimation errors with known signals and damping injection based on tracking error, while the formulation of desired damping in controller designs is usually a nontrivial task. The main contribution of this paper lies in the development of the classic RISE result and a constructive damping injection procedure for the adaptive tracking control of Euler–Lagrange mechanical systems. By utilizing generalized dynamic scaling function, scalar filtering, the improved RISE method and analyzing the existence of finite escape time of the closed-loop system, a globally asymptotically stable result is obtained with facilitative damping injection, significant order reduction and improved design efficiency when compared with the existing results. Simulations on a fully actuated 2-DOF planar robot manipulator model demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods. • Order reduction. The extended dynamic orders of the proposed adaptive controller is less than composite adaptive RISE controller. • Performance improvement. The proposed controller achieves the global asymptotic stability with the non-CE-alike adaptive estimation performance. • Design simplification. There are many control parameters in the controller that can be adjusted to obtain the desired performance, and the computational difficulties are avoided such as analytical solution of PDE in I&I. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Adolescents in low-and-middle-income countries like Zambia face a high burden of sexual, reproductive, health and rights problems including coerced sex, teenage pregnancies, and early marriages. The Zambia government through the Ministry of Education has integrated comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) in the education and school system to contribute towards addressing adolescent sexual, reproductive, health and rights (ASRHR) problems. This paper sought to explore teachers and community based health workers (CBHWs) experiences in addressing ASRHR problems in rural health systems in Zambia. Methodology: The study was conducted under the Research Initiative to Support the Empowerment of Girls (RISE) community randomized trial that aimed to measure the effectiveness of economic and community interventions in reducing early marriages, teenage pregnancies, and school dropout in Zambia. We conducted 21 qualitative in-depth interviews with teachers and CBHWs involved in the implementation of CSE in communities. Thematic analysis was used to analyse teachers and CBHWs´ roles, challenges, and opportunities in promoting ASRHR services. Results: The study identified teachers and CBHWs roles, and challenges experienced in promoting ASRHR and suggested strategies to enhance delivery of the intervention. The role of teachers and CBHWs in addressing ASRHR problems included mobilizing the community for meetings, providing SRHR counseling services to both adolescents and guardians, and strengthening referrals to SRHR services if needed. The challenges experienced included stigmatization associated with difficult experiences such as sexual abuse and pregnancy, shyness among girls to participate when discussing SRHR in the presence of the boys and myths about contraception. The suggested strategies for addressing the challenges included creating safe spaces for adolescents to discuss SRHR issues and engaging adolescents in coming up with the solution. Conclusion: This study provides significant insight on the important roles that teachers and CBHWs can play in addressing adolescents SRHR related problems. Overall, the study emphasizes the need to fully engage adolescents in addressing adolescent SRHR problems. Plain Language Summary: Comprehensive sexuality education programmes are often not implemented properly because facilitators are not adequately prepared, and the community usually resist such programs. Similarly, in Zambia, the teachers and CBHWs implementing sexual and reproductive health activities often felt uncomfortable discussing sensitive sexuality topics with adolescents. This study was conducted within a bigger research project exploring whether teachers and community-based health workers together can effectively deliver sexual and reproductive health information at school and community levels. Discussions on the delivery of ASRHR services were held with teachers and CBHWs to identify their roles, and challenges that they experienced, and find solutions to problems. The interviews showed that the teachers and CBHWs provided sexual reproductive health and rights (SRHR) counselling to adolescents and parents. They were also involved in mobilising communities to attend SRHR meetings, sensitise, and refer them to SRHR services. However, teachers and CBHWs encountered several challenges. These include late reporting and hiding of sexual abuse cases, myths about contraceptives, and stigmatisation of girls with history of sexual abuse, and pregnancy. Further, girls felt shy to participate in SRHR discussions due to customary norms and values regarding marriage. More community engagement opportunities are needed to break the barriers of communication, and shift cultural norms to help enhance adolescent uptake of SRHR services in order to prevent pregnancy and other related challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the output torque error of a steering gear electric load simulator caused by excess torque and backlash interference, an electric load simulator based on double-motor loading is designed. The double-motor loading mode is adopted in the structure, the mathematical model is established, and the sources of excess torque and backlash interference are analyzed. In the control strategy, firstly, a torque controller is designed as a feedback controller based on the improved error symbol robust integral control method, and then a backlash interference compensator is designed as a feedforward controller based on the drive redundancy strategy. Finally, a dual motor speed synchronization controller is designed based on the improved cross coupling control method to ensure the stable operation of the torque controller and backlash compensator in the dual-motor system. The simulation results show that the compound control method can reduce the tracking error to 1.13%, 4.44% less than the PID control method. The tracking error is only 1.54% in the case of redundant torque, backlash, and different parameters of dual motors. The method proposed in this paper can still output loading torque with high accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The possible influence and convergence of hermetic and christian beliefs can be verified in intertextual and thematic relationships of apocryphal and pseudepigraphic texts from the Nag Hammadi library with hermetic literature. In this paper, we identify the sharing of themes of celestial ascension and the salvific process between the Apocalypse of Paul (NHC V,2) and Corpus Hermeticum (HC 1, HC 13), Discourse on the Eighth and the Ninth (NHC VI,6) and Asclepius (NHC VI,8). The text narrates Paul's journey to heaven that provides cosmological, anthropological and ethical features that were compared with the Corpus Hermeticum. And then, the similarities and differences between the two systems that were contemporary and shared the same sociocultural environments were analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Food Science & Technology & Economy is the property of Grain Science & Technology & Economy Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Data on the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the structural elements of the Bogorov Rise, the Toyama Rise, and adjacent areas of the bottom of the Central Basin of the Sea of Japan have been obtained for the first time using 3D digital elevation models created on the basis of the global bathymetric database and GEBCO 2014 methods within the Google Earth program. It is found that the investigated rises are complexes of central paleovolcanic structures, which form a single tectonomagmatic system together with faults and their intersection nodes. The parameters, morphological characteristics, and features of the internal structure (types of infrastructures) of paleovolcanic structures are determined, and the spatial and hierarchical (two ranks) systems of faults and focal formations are determined. Large concentric groups of paleovolcanoes are identified with projections of mantle diapirs. The information that is obtained makes it possible to assess from new positions the adequacy of existing models of formation and development of the continental marginal basin of the Sea of Japan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La recaudación de impuestos en el Ecuador viene a formar parte fundamental en el Presupuesto General del Estado. En el caso de las microempresas o pequeñas empresas el estado requiere de su contribución para poder seguir fomentando la cultura tributaria en el país, y es ahí donde se ejecuta el Régimen Impositivo Simplificado Ecuatoriano. La investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la variación que tuvo la recaudación del este impuesto según dicho régimen en el año 2019-2020. La investigación es descriptiva de carácter cualitativo en el cual se analizan los resultados obtenidos por los instrumentos de investigación y de carácter cuantitativo porque fue posible hacer una medición sobre su impacto. Mediante la información obtenida de los años de estudio se determinó la afectación económica negativa con una reducción del 9% en el año 2020 en relación con el año 2019. Una de sus causas fue la emergencia sanitaria a nivel mundial por lo cual muchos emprendimientos tuvieron que cerrar actividades de forma permanente; con esta disminución el estado se ve afectado por la falta de ingresos para el presupuesto que destina. Es importante capacitar y fomentar la cultura tributaria en los contribuyentes para recaudar de mejor manera los impuestos.

• There is persistent glucocorticoid use in a number of patients with early RA. • Most patients were given glucocorticoids before a rheumatologist first diagnosed RA. • These patients used glucocorticoids for longer periods of time. • Earlier referrals to rheumatology might reduce glucocorticoid exposure in RA. To assess relationships between the timing of glucocorticoid (GC) initiation, entrance into rheumatology care, and the duration of GC use in older adults with early rheumatoid arthritis (eRA) in the U.S. Data from the Rheumatology Informatics System for Effectiveness (RISE) registry and Medicare (2016–2018) were linked. Patients with ≥2 RA ICD codes in RISE were included; the first being the index date which signaled entrance into rheumatology care. GC initiation (between 3 months before to 6 months after the index date) and continuous GC use up to 12 months after the index date were captured using Medicare claims. Cox proportional hazards models with adjustment for confounders assessed differences in the duration of GC use for patients initiating GCs before versus after the index date. Average daily GC doses were estimated. 1,733 patients (67 % female; mean age 76 ± 6 years) were included. 41 % initiated GCs, on average 16 ± 58 days before entering rheumatologic care. The mean duration of GC use was 157 days (95 %-CI 143 to 170). GC initiation before rheumatologic care was associated with longer GC use, even after adjustment for confounders (hazard ratio 0.61; 95 %-CI [0.51 to 0.74]). For patients using GCs for ≥3 months, average daily GC doses were <5 mg/d prednisone equivalent. GCs are regularly used in eRA and most often initiated before patients enter rheumatology care. Long-term, low-dose GC use is common and associated with initiation before rheumatology care. Earlier referral to rheumatology might reduce GC exposure among U.S. patients with eRA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a novel adaptive attitude tracking control method is investigated to enhance tracking performance and robustness for a quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) against the modeling uncertainties and external disturbances. First, the attitude dynamics of a quadrotor UAV based on the modified Rodrigues parameter (MRP) is derived. Then, an adaptive dynamic surface technique with robust integral of the sign of the error (RISE) control approach are designed to improve the tracking performance and robustness of the quadrotor attitude control system suffering from the uncertainties and disturbances. A prescribed performance function is employed to improve the tracking performance of the quadrotor UAV by restraining the tracking errors range. The stability analysis proves the presented control scheme can guarantee all the close-loop control system signals are bounded and control system is uniformly ultimately bounded. Simulation results are carried out to demonstrate the superior and effective performance of the presented control method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our understanding of effective elder abuse (EA) response interventions is limited. Adult Protective Services (APS), the primary agency responsible for responding to EA, lacks a coherent, conceptually driven, prolonged intervention phase. Informed by an ecological-systems perspective and adapting evidence-based modalities from other fields, the RISE EA intervention addresses this APS systems gap. Based on a three-year pilot project involving a partnership between RISE and Maine APS, the current study conducted a qualitative evaluation of RISE, from the perspective of APS caseworkers (n = 14) who worked with RISE, to understand RISE strengths and areas for improvement. Findings suggest APS workers perceive that RISE complements the scope and nature of APS, enhances APS caseworker well-being, and reduces repeat APS cases, while further APS/RISE collaboration and clarification on RISE role responsibilities and referral eligibilities are areas of growth. This study provides preliminary evidence for RISE as a community-based EA intervention in partnership with APS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Politik is the property of Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The research aimed to examine China's economy, which has developed and become stronger throughout history within the framework of the trading state. Forming bilateral trade networks within the country and being a member of several trade networks throughout the globe, China's tradeoriented growth strategy is thought worthwhile to be assessed in this article. This study is based on the trade expectation theory, and its scope is limited to China's economic growth. Random sampling was used to acquire crosssectional data to determine the study's results. This research suggests that China's bilateral connections and interactions that prioritized economic development will strengthen its competitiveness and continue to improve and maintain the competition. The study has significance for understanding economic growth in countries based on chosen expectations and efforts. The research also presents some policy consequences of China's tendency toward trade-oriented economic growth to achieve its national, regional, and global goals. This growth trend acts as an example for other countries throughout the globe. The finding has significant implications for future investigations that will contribute to the body of knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In typical Mediterranean settings farming systems are key components and have an impact on the community structure and the environment in which they take place hence it is important to develop tools for Sustainability Assessment (SA). To enable positive change it is necessary to effectively allocate resources. Thus, it is important to understand how farmers’ decision-making impacts their farm’s sustainability performance and their awareness and use of Decision Support Tools (DST) for sustainable management.Twenty representative farms were selected from the National Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN) for the regional unit of Argolida (Peloponnese, Greece). To investigate sustainability on these farms an indicator-based method, RISE 3.0, was employed to evaluate the current situation and semi-structured phone interviews were used to identify and analyse patterns and attitudes within the data regarding decision-making, sustainability performance and DST with the help of thematic analysis.The results demonstrate that the decision-making process was poorly informed and not always evidence-based while the concept of sustainability was not well understood by most of the farmers. The sustainability assessment illustrated the specific strengths and weaknesses of farm businesses in the area whereas the correlation of the RISE assessment with perceptions of farmers on decision-making and sustainability performance identified the challenges of moving towards more sustainable systems in typical Mediterranean environments.

Recent research suggests that treating only mental disorders may not be sufficient to reduce the risk for future suicidal behavior in patients with a suicide attempt(s). It is therefore necessary to pay special therapeutic attention to past suicidal acts. Thus, the newly developed RISE (Relapse Prevention Intervention after Suicidal Event) program was built on the most effective components of existing psychotherapeutic and psychosocial interventions according to our current meta-analysis. The RISE program consists of five individual sessions designed for the acute psychiatric inpatient setting. The main goals of the treatment are to decrease future suicidal events and to improve patients' ability to cope with future suicidal crises. In the present study, feasibility and acceptance of the RISE program were investigated as well as its clinical effects on suicidal ideations, mental pain, self-efficacy and depressive symptoms. We recruited a sample of 27 inpatients of the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Jena, Germany. The final sample consisted of 20 patients hospitalized for a recent suicide attempt, including 60 percent of multiple attempters. The data collection included a structured interview and a comprehensive battery of questionnaires to evaluate the feasibility and acceptance of the RISE program as well as associated changes in clinical symptoms. A follow-up examination was carried out after 6 months. Considering the low dropout rate and the overall positive evaluation, the RISE program was highly accepted in a sample of severely impaired patients. The present study also demonstrated that the levels of suicidal ideations, mental pain, depressive symptoms, and hopelessness decreased significantly after RISE. Since all of these clinical parameters are associated with the risk of future suicidal behavior, a potential suicide-preventive effect of the intervention can be inferred from the present findings. The positive results of the follow-up assessment after 6 months point in the same direction. In addition, RISE treatment increased self-efficacy in patients, which is an important contributor for better coping with future suicidal crises. Thus, present study demonstrate that RISE is a suitable therapy program for the treatment of patients at high risk for suicidal behavior in an acute inpatient setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A detailed map of the seafloor relief of a unique area of the intraplate lithosphere deformation in the Central Basin of the Indian Ocean was constructed for the first time. The data were obtained by a bathymetric survey with the use of a multibeam echosounder during the 42nd cruise of R/V Akademik Boris Petrov and cruise SO258 of R/V Sonne in 2017. The chaotic distribution of deformed hilly rises of an isometric shape and the significant difference in the morphology of all these rises are clearly shown. The new map did not confirm the existing concepts about the corrugated structure of the deformation area as a series of extended E–W undulations (linear ridges and troughs), which were considered to be formed by warping of the lithosphere by the N–S compression of the Indian Plate. The revealed morphology of the seafloor relief testifies to the mosaic-block pattern of the deformation area. This structure is formed by isometric deformed tectonic blocks, the different structure of which is determined by inhomogeneities in the lithosphere of the plate that existed at the time of the deformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Investigación Agraria is the property of Investigacion Agraria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Raman is an important tool for diagnosing minerals in geoscience. However, smaller magnification of optical microscope assembled in conventional Raman spectroscopy limits the application of Raman in sub‐micro and nano scale. Raman imaging and scanning electron microscopy (RISE) combine the advantage of scanning electron microscope and Raman spectroscopy, which can collect the morphology, composition, and structure information in the same micro region of the geological sample in situ. In this paper, we introduce the development and working mechanism of RISE, and carried out some typical applications in different research of geoscience. The purpose of this review is to allow readers to understand the basic principles and application potential of RISE in geoscience. Finally, we briefly point out current challenges faced by this technology and some research directions in the future. Highlights: Raman imaging and scanning electron microscopy as potential method was proposed for the research on geosciences.Common polymorphism and isomorphism were distinguished clearly in situ.A new research route for tiny inclusion and organic matter in situ was developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies and compares several different ways of classifying time series data using machine learning instead of popular deep learning models that need large amounts of data and high computational requirements to train. The models are compared over the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia database, which contains electrocardiogram (ECG) signal data used to monitor a patient’s heartbeat, and classifies the data into different types of diseases. The various methods explored to classify this data are Time Series Forests (TSF), Random Interval Spectral Ensemble (RISE), Word extraction for time series classification (WEASEL), and K-Nearest Neighbours with Dynamic Time Warping (DTW). The models are then compared on the basis of the amount of data needed to train, accuracy, precision, recall, time to train, and time to predict per sample. This research aims to compare the performance of these unconventional dictionaries, frequency, and intervalbased time series classification models and identify the fastest and most robust algorithm. Time Series Forests emerge to be the fastest ML-based time series classifier, making it suitable for many potential smart devices which desire to perform on-device time series classification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Behçet’s disease (BD), a chronic systemic vasculitis, has distinct geographical and ethnic variation. Data regarding the epidemiology of patients with BD in the U.S. are limited; therefore, we sought to describe BD patient characteristics and medication use in the U.S., and compared them with data from patients from endemic regions. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study using data from the RISE registry (2014–2018). Patients aged ≥ 18 years with BD were included. Sociodemographic and treatment information was extracted. We compared patients from the RISE registry to data from other published studies of patients with BD from endemic areas. Results One thousand three hundred twenty-three subjects with BD from the RISE registry were included. Mean age was 48.7 ± 16.3 years, female to male ratio was 3.8:1, and 66.7% were White. The most frequently used medications included glucocorticoids (67.6%) and colchicine (55.0%). Infliximab and adalimumab were the most used biologics (14.5% and 14.1%, respectively); 3.2% of patients used apremilast. The RISE registry had more women (79.3%), and patients were older compared to previously published BD studies from endemic areas. Methotrexate and TNFi were more commonly reported in RISE (21.8% and 29.4%) compared to studies from Egypt and Turkey. Colchicine, cyclosporine, and cyclophosphamide were more commonly used in cohorts from Egypt, Turkey, and Iran. Conclusions Findings from the largest BD dataset in the U.S. suggest that BD patients are predominantly female. Further research is needed to explore the reasons for the higher prevalence of BD among women in the U.S. and its possible impact on disease severity and management.

Objetivo: Compreender o processo de autoavaliação da infraestrutura e oferta de serviços de gestão de dados de pesquisa, por meio do diagnóstico da Universidade Estadual Paulista utilizando a ferramenta de autoavaliação Research Infrastructure Self-Evaluation. Método: A pesquisa de cunho exploratória, aplicada e de natureza qualitativa, que se constituiu na autoavaliação realizada junto à Universidade Estadual Paulista, com o uso do Research Infrastructure Self-Evaluation, gerando um spider chart, visando avaliar a infraestrutura e a oferta de serviços de gestão de dados de pesquisa. A coleta de dados consistiu na aplicação do Research Infrastructure Self-Evaluation, tendo como resultado o mapeamento das práticas de gestão de dados de pesquisa na Instituição. Resultado: A partir do mapeamento foi possível a análise dos pontos fortes e necessidades de melhoria da infraestrutura de apoio à gestão de dados de pesquisa na Universidade Estadual Paulista, possibilitando à Instituição verificar aspectos que demandam investimentos, visando aperfeiçoar a infraestrutura e os serviços de apoio ao pesquisador. Conclusões: A partir da autoavaliação e da análise dos aspectos relacionados à gestão de dados de pesquisa, foi possível identificar os pontos fortes, dentre os quais se destaca a atenção institucional para políticas que, embora generalista, pode ser aplicada à gestão de dados de pesquisa. Por outro lado, para que a infraestrutura e os serviços de gestão de dados de pesquisa sejam adequadamente estruturados é necessário um olhar global da Universidade Estadual Paulista para todos os aspectos que compõem a gestão dos dados de pesquisa, conforme estruturado no modelo Research Infrastructure Self-Evaluation e, por meio do resultado da autoavaliação investir no preenchimento de lacunas ora existentes e saná-las em benefício do pesquisador, dos seus resultados de pesquisa, da comunidade científica, da sociedade e da própria instituição.

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In this paper, the flight principle and accurate dynamics of three-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) are detailedly analyzed and a nonlinear robust tracking control strategy is proposed considering unknown time-varying external disturbances. Aiming at the tracking control of the typical underactuated system, the dynamic model of the three-rotor UAV is divided into outer-loop position subsystem and inner-loop attitude subsystem. The feedback linearization algorithm is employed to design the outer-loop controller for the trajectory tracking of the UAV. For the inner-loop control of the UAV, the robust integral of the signum of the error (RISE) method is utilized to formulate the robust attitude controller to deal with the external disturbances. The stability of the closed loop system and the asymptotical tracking of the desired trajectory are proved via Lyapunov based stability analysis. Real-time experiments are implemented to validate the performance of the proposed control strategy.

The aims of this study are to investigate definitions and explanations of the concept of happiness, and to introduce a model to classify lay definitions of happiness. This study is part of a longitudinal Croatian study on well-being (the CRO-WELL project). Answers to the open-ended question “What is happiness for you?” from a sample of adult Internet users (Nfemale= 1,036 and Nmale= 839; Mage=38) were analyzed. The definitions were classified regarding four perspectives based upon which question the respondents were assumed to have actually been answering, summarized as the RISE model: Rationale for Happiness – answering the question “How does happiness work?”; Impressions of Happiness – answering the question “How does it feel to be happy?”; Sources of Happiness – answering the question “What makes you happy?”; and the Essence of Happiness – answering the question “What is happiness?” [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fluorapatite (FAp) is the largest phosphorous (P) reservoir on Earth. However, due to its low solubility, dissolved P is severely deficient in the pedosphere. Fungi play a significant role in P dissolution via excretion of organic acids, and in this regard, it is important to understand their impact on P cycling. The object of this study was to elucidate the balance between P release and F toxicity during FAp dissolution. The bioweathering of FAp was assisted by a typical phosphate-solubilizing fungus, Aspergillus niger. The release of elements and microbial activities were monitored during 5-day incubation. We found that the release of fluorine (F) was activated after day 1 (~90 mg/L), which significantly lowered the phosphate-solubilizing process by day 2. Despite P release from FAp being enhanced over the following 3 days, decreases in both the amount of biomass (52% decline) and the respiration rate (81% decline) suggest the strong inhibitory effect of F on the fungus. We thus concluded that F toxicity outweighs P supply, which in turn inhibits fungi growth and prevents further dissolution of FAp. This mechanism might reflect an underappreciated cause for P deficiency in soils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic has placed extraordinary stresses on healthcare workers. Combined with disruptions to daily life outside of work, health care professionals experience a high prevalence of anxiety, depression, acute stress reaction, burnout, and PTSD. Top leaders at Johns Hopkins Medicine appreciated the mission-critical importance of maintaining the well-being and resilience of its essential workers. In March 2020 they asked the Johns Hopkins RISE (Resilience in Stressful Events) peer support program to help organize support for all staff. RISE made several adjustments, including adding virtual encounters to the usual in-person support, training additional peer responders, and rounding proactively on active units. Communication was broadened to reach less visible and lower wage workers. RISE collaborated actively with hospital epidemiology and infection control and began reporting regularly at incident command centre briefings. RISE also began to coordinate efforts with the other helping programs within the institution including the Office of Well-being, Employee Assistance, Spiritual Care, and Psychiatry. The number of calls and staff supported rose sharply. RISE supported over 4226 workers in the first 9 months of the pandemic. The adoption of RISE programs was accelerated at affiliated hospitals, as well as at other hospitals across the country in partnership with the Maryland Patient Safety Center. Experience with large scale disasters predicted correctly that worker distress would increase and persist beyond the initial wave of the pandemic. With subsequent surges of COVID-19, exhaustion and moral distress became nearly universal among workers. It is urgent for institutions to provide mechanisms to help their workers cope with the ongoing crisis and other crises that will inevitably occur in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Likit sermaye piyasaları finansal varlıkların alım-satım fiyat aralığının dar olduğu, elden çıkarılma hızının yüksek ve işlem maliyetlerinin düşük olduğu piyasaları ifade etmektedir. Sermaye piyasası yatırımcıları yatırım kararı alırken çeşitli unsurlardan etkilenirler. Bu unsurlar bazen bir yatırımcının rasyonel davranması sonucu takip etmesi gereken veriler iken, bazen çeşitli psikolojik faktörlerden oluşmaktadır. Yatırım davranışı hem rasyonel yatırımcılar için hem de irrasyonel yatırımcılar için risk algısına bağlı olarak gelişmektedir. Yatırımcıların riske olan bakış açılarının farklılık göstermesi de davranışsal bir durum olup çeşitli endekslerle ölçülebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, yatırımcıların sahip oldukları risk algılarının sermaye piyasasındaki yansıması likidite açısından araştırılmıştır. Borsa İstanbul yatırımcılarının yatırım davranışları ile sermaye piyasası likiditesi arasındaki bu ilişki Toda-Yamamoto nedensellik analizi ile araştırılmıştır. Risk iştahı RISE ile Borsa İstanbul piyasa endeksinin likiditesi ise Amihud likidite yetersizliği oranı ile ölçülmüştür. Nedensellik testinden elde edilen bulgular, risk iştahı ile piyasa likiditesi arasında tek yönlü bir nedensellik ilişkisinin var olduğunu ve bu ilişkinin likiditeden risk iştahına doğru olduğunu göstermektedir.

In this study, magnesium diborite which is obtained with boron element which is of strategic importance for our country and which has a very wide usage area in technological terms, is produced by using carbon doped boron obtained by chemical vapor deposition method. First of all, amorphous nano boron powders were doped with CVD method at 700 oC for 90 minutes under the source of ethylene hydrocarbon and inert gas flow. The amorphous nano boron powders doped in carbon were mixed with magnesium powders weighed in certain stoichiometric proportions in an automatic mixer. The mixture was weighed in 2,5 gs and converted into 4 tablets by manual pressing method. Each tablet was wrapped in zirconium foil and sintered under closed argon gas at temperatures of 700-800-900 and 1000 oC. Structural and mechanical properties of the obtained samples were investigated. According to the results of the analysis, it was seen that the characteristic peaks of MgB2 were predominant in all samples and the best explaining micro hardness properties of the samples were Meyer approach and IIC (Indentation-Induced Cracking) approach. In addition, RISE (Riverse Indentation Size Effect) behavior was detected in all samples.

Aiming at the output torque error of a steering gear electric load simulator caused by excess torque and backlash interference, an electric load simulator based on double-motor loading is designed. The double-motor loading mode is adopted in the structure, the mathematical model is established, and the sources of excess torque and backlash interference are analyzed. In the control strategy, firstly, a torque controller is designed as a feedback controller based on the improved error symbol robust integral control method, and then a backlash interference compensator is designed as a feedforward controller based on the drive redundancy strategy. Finally, a dual motor speed synchronization controller is designed based on the improved cross coupling control method to ensure the stable operation of the torque controller and backlash compensator in the dual-motor system. The simulation results show that the compound control method can reduce the tracking error to 1.13%, 4.44% less than the PID control method. The tracking error is only 1.54% in the case of redundant torque, backlash, and different parameters of dual motors. The method proposed in this paper can still output loading torque with high accuracy.