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Over the course of its 140-year existence, Macarthur Park in the Westlake neighborhood of Los Angeles has witnessed a range of diverse phases, from a luxurious recreation area to a locality grappling with issues of crime and poverty. Through the lens of local news coverage, this paper explores the changing landscape of community, politics, and policing in the park and how it has shaped identity and revitalization efforts. By critically analyzing policing initiatives and community-oriented efforts aimed at mitigating crime, the paper outlines the park’s evolution into a vibrant, safe space while shedding light on the challenges posed by racism and immigration status. The focal point of the paper revolves around immigrant political activism in Macarthur Park, focusing on multiple case studies, including the May Day Rally in 2007. This rally, disrupted by LAPD violence, becomes an example of infringement on the First Amendment right to speech and assembly of immigrants. The study concludes by reflecting on the role of park politics in creating a venue for democracy, refuge, and community for Central American immigrants.

De‐centralization has depleted the vitality of mid‐size city downtowns for years. Growing the downtown residential population will help achieve smart growth and strategic infill objectives. Demand for a downtown residential lifestyle can animate many facets of revitalization (e.g., economic, social, cultural, public space). Resident views on factors that they believe would grow the demand for living downtown is the focus of this article. A survey and focus groups were used to learn how to enhance Downtown Saskatoon as a place to live. Findings indicate a convenient lifestyle close to work, school, retail, services, and nightlife, and preferably housing within a couple of blocks of the river valley, make Downtown Saskatoon desirable. Concerns with safety, lack of food stores, and absence of a sense of shared purpose among residents, businesses, and institutions downtown are barriers. The residential context is potentially quite appealing downtown, and demand can be cultivated if downtown's efforts at revitalization are choreographed by a collaborative multi‐sectoral network of actors with strong leadership. Key messages: Many mid‐size city downtowns are not inviting to residents.Those interested in downtown living like its convenience, vitality, and walkability.New housing within blocks of the river would be popular. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From the twentieth century to today, foreigners and mestizos have conducted research on Nahua culture and the Nahuatl language from an etic perspective. In this article, I discuss how Nahuas see the role of non‐Indigenous researchers studying our language and culture and what role we—Indigenous Mexican scholars—must undertake in field research to revitalize Nahuatl, our language. I also discuss immigration from rural places to the city, which causes linguistic displacement and identity change. Finally, I propose a new way of engaging in community research through scholarship. When Nahuas carry out a research project, we make a decision to explore and learn about our culture from an emic perspective through which we engage in the language revitalization. We emphasize linguistic documentation using our mother tongue and then disseminate the Indigenous knowledge in the academia and in our small towns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Materiały Budowlane is the property of Wydawnictwo SIGMA-NOT and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Teba, being an essential component of traditional Balinese dwellings, holds a significant role in community assignments, historical and societal contexts of Balinese culture, and ecological sustainability. Nevertheless, the process of urbanization and shifts in lifestyle have resulted in a decrease in Teba spaces and their conversion into less ecologically sustainable regions. This article explores initiatives to rejuvenate the design of Teba spaces in traditional Balinese houses to uphold a harmonious coexistence between environmental and cultural conservation in contemporary times. This research explores techniques and design solutions for Teba places that can effectively adapt to evolving circumstances while upholding traditional values. By doing so, it seeks to promote both environmental and cultural sustainability. This study employs a qualitative and ethnographic methodology to investigate ways for revitalization. These s trategies involve the utilization of natural and local materials, the implementation of sustainable design techniques, and the creation of flexible and multifunctional spatial arrangements. The findings suggest that the restoration of Teba contributes to preserving biodiversity and enhancing air quality, reinforces cultural identity, and promotes sustainable tourism development. Integrating traditional techniques with modern technologies can optimize the functionality of Teba as both a productive green area and a center for cultural preservation. Hence, cooperation among architects, government entities, and the community is crucial in developing inventive and sustainable design solutions that enhance the cultural heritage of Bali within evolving circumstances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Builder (1896-0642) is the property of PWB MEDIA Zdzieblowski sp.j. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Matera, a medium-sized town in Basilicata, Southern Italy, was European Capital of Culture in 2019, at the end of twenty years of strong tourist flows growth. On the one hand, tourism development was perceived as a significant opportunity for economic development and urban and real estate renovation and enhancement. On the other hand, especially in the last years, tourism impacts were often considered excessive. First, there is a review of the most used terms to define the impacts of tourism, and a description of the context and the evolution of tourist flows in the city in the last twenty years. Then, the paper aims to explain the actual impacts of tourism on the urban environment, analyzing the spatial distribution of tourist attractions and accommodations, and the real estate market, taking into consideration also the role of accommodation booking and sharing platforms. The analysis partially confirms the worries about the negative externalities of tourism; nonetheless, it also scales them down, thanks to a more accurate investigation on the peculiarities and the potential of the city, which make it hardly comparable with other cities.

In China, public houses are properties that belong to the local government and are usually managed by the local Department of Housing and Urban-Rural Development. During the 1970s and the 1980s, these houses were used to provide shelters for incoming rural surplus laborers and low-income families who moved into the cities. Over time, problems with public houses, such as unclear property rights, the absence of management regulations, and long-term disrepair, have become increasingly serious. Managing public houses is a challenge faced by Guangzhou in the process of urban renewal. This study first reviews domestic and foreign examples of revitalizing public houses and research on the theory of "Urban Acupuncture," and then carries out further fieldwork and interviews on public houses in six typical districts of Guangzhou's old city zone. These results indicate that public houses play an important role in providing housing security to tenants. Tenants of such houses have a strong sense of belonging and trust in their communities and neighborhoods. This study summarizes three revitalization modes for public houses: selling public houses after renovation, transforming the use of public houses, and using public houses as affordable housing. It also proposes a strategy that uses public houses first as affordable houses, then for functional transformation, and selling public houses as the last choice for Guangzhou. Based on empirical researches and the methods of "Urban Acupuncture," the study further proposes an analysis model of stock public houses, and four steps of the revitalization path of public houses: (1) Find the problems of public houses through urban physical examination index analysis, big data analysis, residents satisfaction analysis, and so on, and analyze their modes of revitalization based on the analysis model of stock public houses; (2) conduct a house-to-house survey on tenants of these public houses, and select public houses with good reconstruction foundations whose tenants have strong willingness to revitalize and high degrees of cooperation as "acupuncture points"; (3) take continuous, gradual measures to stimulate these "acupuncture points" and influence other tenants of public houses with the same activation modes through social networks; (4) collect feedback from tenants, adjust strategies dynamically, enhance tenants' sense of identity and community belonging to treatment results, and form a positive interaction. It has three major innovations: (1) systematically summarizing domestic and foreign public housing disposal ways and " Urban Acupuncture " theory research progress, and providing a geographic analysis perspective for the theory of "Urban Acupuncture"; (2) providing empirical supports for the three activation modes,and a Guangzhou's strategy for to revitalize public houses; (3) summarizing an analysis framework of the activation mode mechanism of stock public houses from the perspective of humanism, an analysis model of stock public houses, and four steps of the revitalization path of public houses, which are highly enforceable. It is beneficial to the theory and practice on revitalization of public houses, which can also make public houses playing their parts as catalysts in domestic urban renewal process, stimulating motivation of community revitalization, solving housing problem of the minority, and implementing the idea that "we are the cities we make."

This study aimed to compare the clinically established autologous extrasynovial tendon graft to a newly developed tissue‐engineered allograft (Eng‐allograft) in terms of functional outcomes following flexor tendon reconstruction in a canine model. The second and fifth flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) tendons from 16 dogs were transected and repaired in Zone II. After 6 weeks of cage activity, the repaired tendons were intentionally ruptured, creating a clinically relevant model for reconstruction. The re‐ruptured FDP tendons were then reconstructed using either the clinically standard autologous extrasynovial tendon graft or the Eng‐allograft, which had been revitalized with autologous bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and synovialized using carbodiimide derivatized synovial fluid (cd‐SYN). Following 12 weeks of postoperative rehabilitation, the functional outcomes of the surgical digits were evaluated. The Eng‐allograft group exhibited improved digital function, including lower digit work of flexion and reduced adhesion status, while maintaining similar tendon gliding resistance compared to the autograft group. However, the failure load of both the distal and proximal host/graft conjunctions in the Eng‐allograft group was significantly lower than that of the autograft group with higher graft rupture at the host−graft junction. In conclusion, the decellularized allogenic intrasynovial tendon, when revitalized BMSCs and synovialized with cd‐SYN, demonstrates positive effects on digital function improvement and adhesion reduction. However, the healing at both proximal and distal graft/host junctions is far lower than the autograft. Further research is needed to enhance the healing capacity of allograft conjunctions, aiming to achieve a comparable level of healing seen with autografts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Planning Education & Research is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study explores the transformative potential of integrating Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Generative Design methodologies in heritage conservation and building management. By utilizing BIM, detailed architectural, structural, and MEP models were created, facilitating precise design and effective stakeholder collaboration. Generative Design enabled the exploration of multiple design solutions, optimizing spatial layouts and structural integrity. The project also integrated automated management systems and IoT sensors to enhance real-time monitoring, energy efficiency, and user comfort through the development of a digital twin. Despite encountering challenges such as technical complexities and budget constraints, the project successfully preserved the cinema's historical essence while incorporating modern functionalities. The findings highlight the contributions of BIM and Generative Design to the AEC industry, emphasizing their role in improving design accuracy, operational efficiency, and sustainability. This research provides valuable insights for future projects in heritage conservation, offering a blueprint for balancing historical preservation with contemporary needs. The revitalization of the "Ex Cinema Santa Barbara" in Paternò exemplifies these advancements, demonstrating how these technologies can restore and modernize culturally significant historical buildings effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under the premise that revitalization can be attained through multi‐, inter‐, or transdisciplinary fields, this article posits that teaching English as a foreign language (EFL) can aid in revitalizing the Aymara, an indigenous community in Northern Chile, to avoid their cultural and linguistic extinction. This qualitative study explored how EFL teachers' practices can contribute to revitalizing the Aymara culture and language in schools located in Northern Chile. Ten teachers participated in individual semi‐structured online synchronous interviews and a group interview. The findings revealed two types of practices: (a) non‐intercultural teaching practices that were mediated by personal, educational, and institutional factors, and (b) approximations of intercultural teaching practices where the teachers valued and included Aymara culture, yet they did not generate spaces for intercultural dialog in the classrooms. The study concludes that the approximations of intercultural teaching practices contribute to an initial stage in revitalizing indigenous languages and culture, an implication that should be considered valuable in teacher education programs and the EFL classroom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite having a small local title, handicrafts complete the origindestination tourism cycle. The development and organization of these industries in the scale of urban tourism is the beginning of introducing the identity and culture of the destination and is understood with economic consequences. The loss of identity based on the manufacture and production of local handicrafts in the streets of the city center is a factor in their decay and the reconstruction of its traditional identity is the cause of the reproduction of tourism. This research aims to investigate the role of handicrafts in the tourism reconstruction of urban axes (streets). The descriptive-explanatory research method is based on applied nature. Data collection has been done by field-library method, in which 140 data were obtained by completing the questionnaire of tourists. The tourism reconstruction of the copperwares in Mesgarha Street (Tohid) of Zanjan city has been explained with the four main components of the product brand: physical quality, loyalty, and mental memory. The collected data were implemented in SPSS software; then, the data analysis was done with a quantitative method based on descriptive statistics (central tendency and dispersion) and inference (correlation and structural model of path analysis). The research results show that the reconstruction of tourism in the city's historical centers should be based on the revival of traditional handicrafts. The statistical model showed that the tourism reconstruction indicators based on handicrafts in Zanjan's Mesgarha axis are moderately favorable. At the same time, the correlation of tourism reconstruction indicators with each other has a positive relationship with the different effects of reconstruction. Hence, loyalty and branding have the most effect on tourism reconstruction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Revitalizing listening skills with advanced sound processing technology is an interesting concept, especially in today's digital era where technology is advancing rapidly. Listening skill is the ability to understand, analyze, and respond well to information conveyed through sound, and this is a key skill in various contexts, such as interpersonal communication, business, education, and others. This includes using speech processing algorithms, speech recognition techniques, and even artificial intelligence (AI) to optimize speech understanding and interpretation. Hearing Skills Training Speech processing technology can be used in hearing skills training. For example, an application that can record, analyze and provide feedback on a person's hearing ability. Such applications can be used in the context of business education or training. Automatic Transcription and Translation, Voice processing technology can be used to convert conversations in foreign languages into text or translate voice content in real time. This can help someone understand a foreign language or content displayed in a language they are not familiar with. Improved Business Communications, this can help improve business communication skills. Providing Better Customer Service Many companies use voice processing technology to improve their customer service. Advanced voice interactive systems (IVR) can be used to route customer calls more efficiently and provide necessary information. Sentiment Understanding Advanced voice processing technology can be used to analyze sentiment in conversations or customer reviews. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to identify the role of collective memories in post-war urban reconstruction in Mogadishu, which lost its architectural fabric, and its cultural and historical landmarks during the civil war. Preserving collective memories and integrating them into urban recovery and reconstruction processes strengthens cultural identity, community resilience, and social cohesion. Grounded Theory has been utilized to identify core categories and key concepts on a local level, in order to evaluate the social resilience components and CM. The results indicated that incorporating collective memories into post-war urban reconstruction endeavors is of paramount importance in revitalizing urban areas and a new approach to adopting a comprehensive methodology that gives priority to integrating the historical context, collective memory, and contemporary elements into the process of reconstructing urban areas in Mogadishu, with the aim of transforming it into a developed and sustainable city that connects the past and present and was able to recover at record speed post-war. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With rising consumer prices, tight labour markets, a resurgence in labour militancy, and a new post-Covid appreciation of the role of government and market regulation, the conditions for renewed union growth seem favourable. But unions have to come from far. Across the OECD, unions have lost members and power, young people increasingly stay away from unions and labour markets have thoroughly changed from what they were. How likely, then, is a new era for trade unions? This article explores four scenarios for the future of trade unions – marginalization, dualism, substitution and revitalization – each grounded in a few assumptions about the environment and behaviour of unions. Drawing on data and research from 12 OECD member states, the article explores middle range theories for each scenario and weighs arguments pro and contra its likelihood. It concludes with a set of critical propositions about the future of trade unions and research about the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the so-called ‘Scythian animal style’, which has experienced a revival, particularly in contemporary Altaian arts and crafts, where it serves as a symbolic expression of ethnic identity and the Altaians' identification with the ancient Pazyryk culture of the Iron Age. The animal motifs from the Pazyryk culture, originating in the Altai region, are widely incorporated by Altaian artisans today and are used to represent and promote Altaian culture. The paper focuses on the role of this art style in Altaian crafts, exploring its interpretation and the reasons for its use from the Altaians' perspective. Alongside professional literature, the study draws primarily on data gathered during the author's field research conducted in 2018 and 2019 in the Altai Republic, Russian Federation. The theoretical framework of the study is grounded in ethnosymbolism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carnivals and festivals are not only essential parts of tourism but are also an inseparable part of human society. At present, carnivals and festivals have gained global significance through the tourism industry and there is a need to study the level of revitalization accorded them by host communities. There is also a need to revive and preserve host communities' cultural heritage as they are central to host identity, even though some may have been at risk of being diminished. This article sought the opinion of informants on the revitalization of Isuochi carnival and Egbochukwu, Nsuluomi, and Odichukwu/uma festivals. The study was conducted in Isuochi, Abia state of Nigeria and the qualitative methodology was employed in the collection of data for the study. Using the ethnographic approach, the data for this research were gathered through observation, in-depth interviezvs, and focus group discussions with community members and other tourism stakeholders in the study area. The data gathered were analyzed thematically and themes that reflect informants' perceptions of the need for revitalization were identified. The findings revealed more affirmative than negative views on the revitalization of the carnival and festivals. More so, in addition to public awareness and provision of funds, adequate collaboration among the villages that make up the study area with the other tourism stakeholders was seen by informants as key in addressing the challenges of revitalization. Implementing collaboration will aid in the successful revitalization and preservation of the carnival and festivals, thereby ensuring that valuable cultural practices are passed on to future generations for sustained tourism development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the results of research on the diagnosis of the state of public space in the context of the evolution of its structure, on the example of market squares of small cities. The background to the research is the implementation of the Act on Ensuring Accessibility for Persons with Special Needs (The Accessibility Act, 2019) and the Revitalisation Act (2015), as documents with significant impact on the shape of public spaces in Polish cities. The multicultural and cross-border region of Opole Silesia was chosen as the research area. Six small towns in the region, whose market squares have undergone a revitalization in recent years, were selected for analysis: Biała, Dobrodzień, Korfantów, Otmuchów, Paczków, Ujazd. This article aims to diagnose the condition of public space, on the example of the market squares of small towns, based on the solutions adopted in the revitalization projects. The criteria adopted for the analyses are the identity of the place and continuity of development, accessibility, and adaptation to climate change. The research uses the method of comparative analysis of the morphological structure, the method of analyzing the physical parameters of space, and the analysis of historical iconography and cartography. Conducted analyses will make it possible to formulate an answer to the question of to what extent the introduction of the regulations as mentioned above has changed the approach to the revitalization process as a continuation of the historically formed way of building the urban fabric, and to what extent it has forced the introduction of solutions that violate the continuity of historical development. The result of the research will be a diagnosis of the problems in the revitalization processes of small towns in the multicultural area of the Opole region, in the context of current legal conditions, and sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study offers insights into the management of intervention works aimed at conserving and revitalizing historical structures, focusing on the Bârnova Monastery in Iași, Romania. The study begins by contextualizing the broader challenges associated with preserving heritage churches and monastic buildings, elucidating the architectural characteristics and structural aspects typical of traditional Romanian Orthodox churches. Subsequently, the study delves into a detailed case analysis centered on the restoration of the medieval Bârnova Monastery, particularly its paramount structure, the Saint George Church, erected in the XVII century. This church exemplifies the traditional Orthodox architectural and structural norms prevalent during the medieval period. Through a structural diagnosis, the study identifies the vulnerabilities of the Saint George Church, which have been exacerbated by the impact of approximately 24 earthquakes of magnitudes exceeding 6.0 throughout its history. In response, a multifaceted approach to strengthening was devised, involving a combination of grouting and the installation of steel rods within vertically drilled galleries spanning the entire height of the walls. The adoption of this integrated strengthening strategy proved advantageous, significantly enhancing the seismic resilience of the church while simultaneously addressing the preservation needs of its historical features. This case study not only contributes to the body of knowledge on conservation and revitalization practices but also offers valuable insights into the effective management of intervention works for safeguarding heritage structures against seismic risks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Housing Environment / Środowisko Mieszkaniowe is the property of Chair of Housing Environment, Faculty of Architecture, Cracow University of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The significance of revitalizing the Basic Guidelines of the State Policy (GBHN) through the Contemporary Policy Guidelines (PPHN) serves as a foundation for sustainable development in Indonesia. This revitalization aims to fill the legal void left by the Basic Guidelines of the State Policy (GBHN) and provide clear guidance for sustainable national development. This research employs a normative legal method and qualitative analysis, focusing on the study of legal documents and relevant academic literature. Data collection is conducted through documentation studies that encompass laws, related regulations, and literature addressing the research theme. The Contemporary Policy Guidelines (PPHN) is posited to function as a structured and inclusive framework. Mechanisms such as public consultations, integration of local policies, reinforcement of the legal framework, and effective monitoring and evaluation systems are proposed to ensure that the Contemporary Policy Guidelines (PPHN) serves not merely as a normative document but also as an operational guideline that is responsive to societal needs. Visionary leadership is identified as a key factor in accelerating sustainable development, with an emphasis on inclusive vision and innovation. The revitalization of the Contemporary Policy Guidelines (PPHN) is expected not only to provide a clear direction for national development but also to enhance legal stability and societal welfare. The integration of holistic and sustainable development is deemed essential, involving community participation and coherence between central and regional policies to create lasting positive impacts for society and the environment.

Abstract: Data from long-term research in two ideologically divergent Native American linguistic communities demonstrate the importance, first, of indigenous multilingualisms and, second, of distinctive ideologies of multilingualism in shaping the divergent language contact outcomes and practices of those communities as they adapted to such forces as economic incorporation, colonization, assimilationist policies, and later decolonization and attempted language revitalization. Indigenous ideological differences in these communities were key factors in producing divergent patterns of language shift as well as in community efforts to document and revitalize their respective heritage languages. The Village of Tewa (NE Arizona) still partially retains a multilingual adaptation in all generations except youth and young adults (Kroskrity, 1993; 2014). The Western Mono (Central California) were traditionally multilingual with neighboring languages of the Yokuts and Southern Sierra Miwok groups (Kroskrity, 2009a). Though both groups were historically multilingual, multilingual practices were differentially influenced by distinctive language ideologies such as those emphasizing purism/syncretism and the expressive/utilitarian functions of language. This observation suggests the importance of understanding indigenous multilingualisms and their consequences for language contact within their language ideological assemblages (Kroskrity, 2018).

Haruan snakehead fish, as one of Indonesia's fishery germplasm assets, has an important role as a source of animal protein and buffers the stability of inflation rates in the Kalimantan region. The research aims to analyze the benefits of the local Snakehead fish Haruan fish hatchery business for recipients of government assistance in the form of revitalization of the People's Hatchery Unit (UPR) in Hulu Sungai Tengah Regency, South Kalimantan Province. Research activities took place in the Mufakat Group of Mahang Baru Village, South Labuan Amas District, Hulu Sungai Tengah Regency - South Kalimantan Province. Sampling was carried out using the proportional sampling method, namely samples were taken deliberately from Haruan snakehead fish cultivators who received grant assistance. The total number of respondents was 1 Cultivator Group. The profit from the local Snakehead fish Haruan fish hatchery business for recipients of government assistance in the form of revitalization of the People's Hatchery Unit (UPR) in Hulu Sungai Tengah Regency, South Kalimantan Province is IDR. 6,517,783, -per month. The profits obtained by cultivators are still above the Decree of the Governor of South Kalimantan Number 100.3.3.1 /0972/KUM /2023. The 2024 Hulu Sungai Tengah UMK amount is IDR 3,282,812, so that the results of the cork fish cultivation business are still able to meet the needs of the cultivator's family.

Copyright of Builder (1896-0642) is the property of PWB MEDIA Zdzieblowski sp.j. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Foreign Literature Studies is the property of Foreign Literature Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

There is broad consensus regarding the fact that street art is a form of social, political and cultural protest and critique. However, rather than one single form, street art consists of a wide range of complex and contradictory styles featuring a diversity of interests, derivations and conflicts with underlying factors of both a structural and contextual nature. Taking as examples the cases of Pinacoteca aCel Obert and Pinta Malasaña, in Barcelona and Madrid respectively, this article explores the production of urban art and notes how, as part of plans to revitalize neighborhoods, it assumes different versions in harmony with the characteristics and circumstances of the surrounding areas. Using a qualitative methodology, it explores the conception, development and results of both projects, revealing the heterogeneity of explanatory factors, the complexity of their implementation, and the role, which is not exempt from conflict and rivalry, of street artists in the urban space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the biggest cases of prisoners (WBP) in correctional institutions throughout Indonesia is Narcotics Cases. The number of prisoners in Indonesia ranks 7th in the World after the United States, China, Brazil, India, Russia, and Turkey which is around 275,518 WBP. As the prison capacity can only accommodate 140,424 WBP so that the overcapacity experienced is around 96%, while other data shows more than 158,000 WBP as narcotics cases (60%). The same thing is also experienced by the Regional Office of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights of South Sumatra with a total of 20 Technical Implementation Units (UPT) of Correctional Institutions (Lapas) and State Detention Centers (Rutan). At the South Sumatra Ministry of Law and Human Rights regional office, there are two special narcotics prisons, namely the Banyuasin narcotics prison and the Muara Beliti narcotics prison. The Banyuasin narcotics prison is the closest to the capital of South Sumatra province, which has a capacity of 484 WBP and is filled with 851 WBP narcotics cases. With such large numbers, it is important to encourage and maximize the Revitalization of Correctional Administration program to optimize the guidance of prisoners based on their level of risk keeping in mind the principle of legal protection and respect for human rights based on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. The Directorate General of Corrections made a breakthrough to optimize the guidance of prisoners by implementing the Correctional Implementation Revitalization policy stipulated in the Ministry of Law and Human Rights Regulation Number 35 of 2018, concerning the correctional implementation revitalization policy which discusses the Determination of Super Maximum Security, Maximum Security, Medium Security, and Minimum Security Pilot Project Correctional Institutions. The application of the latest rules of Corrections, namely Law Number 22 of 2022 concerning corrections, where the correctional concept has an inseparable goal from an integrated criminal justice system organized by the government as part of the law enforcement process in the context of services as well as coaching and mentoring for social reintegration. It does not yet have a real model and concept and is felt by the community related to the Empowerment of Narcotics Case Prisoners in the context of realizing social reintegration. It can also be seen from the data in the South Sumatra Regional Office that there are more dealers than users, which is very funny and unreasonable if you think about it in a healthy and rational root of narcotics crime that has long survived and experienced an increasing trend; however, consumers or users are less than the market, namely sellers in terms of cases. Narcotics crimes that have high economic value, makes it difficult for people to find jobs or earn money further leading them to commit drug abuse crimes. For this reason, it cannot be underestimated related to the condition of community powerlessness, which is one of the factors for entering the realm of narcotics abuse. This then becomes a fundamental question in a society where the role of the Government lies in paying attention to and empowering prisoners to be independent. They should also be responsible for restoring the unity of life, living, and livelihood of prisoners where they are a generation of nations that must be saved by the state because their freedom of movement has been taken away by the State. It is important and urgent to gain the attention of the government regarding the empowerment of prisoners in the context to systematics, processes, models, harmonious and accountable concepts, synergy, and collaboration to achieve WBP goals so as not to repeat the crime of narcotics abuse; and can independently play an active role in the community environment and support the National development process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to revitalize the mask puppet show titled "Sayembara Sada Lanang" performed by the Malang mask puppet artist group at the Asmorobangun hermitage. The traditional Malang mask puppet show has been staged for quite a long time, 2 - 3 hours. During performances, puppeteers rely on memory skills and perform verbally or directly without using a written script, thus the length of the performance depends on the puppeteer. This research follows a qualitative approach, utilizing observation, interviews, and document analysis as research methods. The research findings reveal that the revitalization of the "Sayembara Sada Lanang" mask puppet performance involved reducing its duration from 2 to 3 hours to just 7 minutes. The revitalization carried out is a revitalization of local wisdom which seeks to reintroduce traditional culture to the general public, especially children. So that children get to know traditional cultures that are almost extinct. The duration of the show is 7 minutes by reconstructing the structure of the show, without changing the essence of the story. The The play's story structure unfolds in stages, beginning with exposition, followed by complication, climax, and resolution. Additionally, the title features three types of characters: protagonist, antagonist, and tritagonist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As stated in the National Language Acts, Jawi, or the Arabic script of Malay, is an alternative writing for the Malay language. Therefore, speakers of the Malay language are expected to be able to read Jawi fluently. Unfortunately, this is not the case; even those who are able to read the Qu’ran fluently, are not able to read the Jawi script fluently despite the fact that both are written in the Arabic script. Past studies have shown that many languages of the world have gone through spelling reformation, among others, to increase the literacy rate among their speech communities, and to revitalize the writing system. Thus, this conceptual paper proposes the necessary steps towards reforming the existing Jawi script. This should begin with conducting a scientific study to support previous studies that suggest that the current Jawi spelling system is complex, causing more and more speakers of the Malay avoiding to use it. This article proposes the use of a psychological-based language-processing software and the eye tracking machine to quantitatively analyse the reading process through reaction times and reading duration, fixation count, fixation duration, and visit counts. The findings can then be supported qualitatively through readers’ gaze plot dan heat maps along with verbal data obtained from retrospective interviews conducted on the participants. If data from both analyses confirm that the current Jawi spelling system results in difficulty in reading Jawi, this article proposes a spelling reformation to take place – using the spelling reformation approaches used not only by other languages of the world, but also those that were used in the reformation of previous and the current Jawi spelling system. Spelling reformation is an ongoing process and is vital not only to improve the literacy rate among speakers of particular languages, but also to revitalise their writing systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The correctional system has undergone changes due to the emergence of the Minister of Law and Human Rights regarding the implementation of correctional revitalization, which provides a classification of prisons that has an impact on the existence of prisons with categories for placing high-risk prisoners. One of them is the Super Maximum Security (SMAX) Class IIA Karang Anyar Nusakambangan Prison for the placement of high classification prisoners. This has an impact on the problem of not being able to grant conditional rights to prisoners who do not reduce their risk of crime until they have finished serving their sentence. The aim of the research is to analyze the governance of the SMAX Class IIA Karang Anyar Penitentiary in realizing a correctional revitalization program to improve training for high risk prisoners. The research uses descriptive qualitative research with informants from prison officers and high-risk prisoners in prison. The results of the analysis show that prison management with a revitalization program has an impact on limiting the granting of conditional rights; there is no maximum guidance carried out by the prison, guidance for high risk prisoners must involve other parties such as the National Counterterrorism Agency, the National Narcotics Agency, the Corruption Eradication Agency, and other parties who have an interest in it. Thus, it is necessary to provide appropriate guidance for high-risk prisoners to be able to change their behavior and obtain their conditional rights. This guidance can be provided by applying the principles of planning, organizing, regulating, and strictly monitoring during the process of changing behavior and coaching prisoners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Deruralization is a process that began with the development of industry in today's developed Western world. The abandonment of villages in Serbia started between the two world wars, only to gain more intense momentum after the Second World War. In the first decades of the 21st century in Serbia, this process reached a critical point due to the large number of abandoned villages, the aging population in the villages and the decreasing workforce capable of performing tasks in rural areas. This paper analyses the movement of the rural population in the regions of Serbia and its municipalities. The census data were processed using descriptive statistics, and the data for the entire country by municipalities were presented using the cartographic method. Finally, the problems and possible consequences of such trends in the movement of rural population were dealt with. Possible ways of revitalizing rural areas were also emphasized.

Many charophytes are rare and endangered algae species. All charophyte species significantly contribute to the stability and health of the ecosystems they inhabit. Charophytes survive in their habitats thanks to the longevity of the diaspores (oospores and gyrogonites) in the sediment. Many charophyte species have a specific phenology and can sometimes be overlooked in surveys of macrophyte vegetation. We monitored vegetation for three years and collected sediment from a small water body in Serbia to test the hypotheses that (a) Extant charophyte diaspores have promising, yet currently limited application as taxonomic markers, (b) Vegetation data on charophyte diversity may provide different information than data obtained by extracting diaspores from sediments and (c) parallel surveys of vegetation and sediments can provide a more comprehensive view of charophyte diversity compared to traditional annual vegetation monitoring. Diaspores proved to be promising taxonomic characters for charophyte identification. In our study, six taxa could be identified on a species level based on diaspores alone, while one species group (Chara spp.) requires further investigation as it could consist of up to four species. Compared to vegetation, the sediment survey provided different information on charophyte diversity and confirmed the presence of the species Sphaerochara intricata and Sphaerochara prolifera, which were never detected during the vegetation survey. Sediment studies conducted in parallel with vegetation studies provide important insight into the diversity of charophytes and the prospects for their habitat conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]