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This analysis focuses on the sitios, vegas, and rozas which have historically shaped the spatial categories of the Black populations in southwestern Colombia. These locations represent a vernacular geographical language through which Black communities have constituted and imagined their Black worlds. In contrast, the haciendas or cattle ranches have played a role in spatialising the coloniality of power. In this paper, I analyse ethnographically, on the one hand, how sitios, vegas, and rozas have historically articulated Black spatial imaginaries and practices in southwestern Colombia. On the other hand, the haciendas have implied the erasure of Black spatial experiences. Based on the concept of a Black sense of place and establishing theoretical bridges between the decolonial and ontological turn, I argue that, through the geographical principles of location, distribution, and relation, the Black populations enact inside practices that assemble, choreograph, and define their sense of place. I also argue that the Black sense of place has been erased in the area of study, through spatial tactics, such as dispossession, invisibility, and terror. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Computational thinking emerges as a field of knowledge due to the increasing importance of technology and computing in today's society. It has been demonstrated that computational thinking can enhance problem-solving abilities by employing techniques from computer science to develop solutions for complex problems. It often involves the application of mathematical principles, such as algebra, geometry, and statistics. Mathematics is fundamental to computational thinking as it provides the theoretical and conceptual foundation for many computer science techniques. Mathematical concepts like functions, sets, and graph theory are essential for understanding algorithms and data structures. The aim of this study was to analyze the integration of mathematics and computational thinking and how this relationship has been measured using both connected and disconnected activities in primary school students. A total of 302 articles were reviewed, applying inclusion and exclusion criteria related to the study's variables of interest. The review found that most articles integrate mathematics and computational thinking based on their interconnectedness, using classroom strategies that support both fields of knowledge. Eleven articles propose activities encompassing four mathematical components (geometric, metric, spatial, and numeric) to address computational thinking, with the geometric component being the most commonly utilized. Only seven articles included students at the 0th grade level, and only two articles worked with populations from Central (Panama) and South America (Uruguay), suggesting that computational thinking is in its early stages in our continent, excluding North American countries where a higher number of articles are reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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La presente investigación tiene como objetivo principal plantear los argumentos del teólogo alemán Joseph Ratzinger, acerca de la importancia del concepto relación para entender qué es y cuáles son las características del ser persona para la teología, y así develar el qué de la relación matrimonial. Es decir, a partir de la dimensión relacional de la antropología de J. Ratzinger, se planteará algunos elementos que sirvan de aporte a la reflexión en torno al matrimonio, con los efectos teóricos que ello conlleva.

En el siguiente trabajo analizaremos la consideración de la temporeidad en la relación Dasein-mundo, a partir de dos trabajos de Heidegger. En especial, desarrollaremos un estudio histórico-hermenéutico de sus elaboraciones en torno a los horizontes temporales, tanto en el período de SuZ, como en su curso de Friburgo de 1929-1930. En este marco buscaremos dar cuenta de las diferencias en que articula tales cuestiones respecto a sus relaciones con los éxtasis del Dasein. Junto a ello, nos proponemos argumentar que esta diferencia y su desplazamiento pueden entenderse como una reelaboración que articula la comprensión relacional del Dasein ya desplegada en 1927.

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Body image is the mental representation that each person has of his or her own body and psychological wellbeing arises when the state of mental functioning is in its best condition, discarding negative aspects. The main purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between body image and psychological well being in university students. The study had a quantitative approach, non-experimental design, correlational and cross-sectional scope. The sample consisted of 101 university students, 79 men and 22 women between 18 and 30 years of age. The Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) adapted by Solano and Cano in 2010 was used to evaluate the body image variable and the Ryff Psychological Well-Being Scale adapted to Spanish by Díaz in 2006 was used to evaluate psychological well-being. The results showed that there is no correlation between the variables; they do not present body image concerns (80.2%), and show high psychological wellbeing (39.6%). No relevant differences were found in psychological well-being according to sex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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En este artículo intentamos ilustrar los postulados que la antropóloga Marilyn Strathern entregó en su conferencia Siempre relacionando (2024), a partir de dos ejemplos etnográficos amerindios. Al hacer esto, destacamos la relevancia de una reflexión introspectiva, que cuestione los términos mismos a partir de los cuales opera la antropología, y simultáneamente observar cómo las reflexiones de Strathern sobre el pensamiento antropológico pueden iluminar algunos aspectos invisibilizados de la descripción etnográfica sobre filosofías amerindias, como el caso de la relación sujeto-objeto.

El artículo aborda la cuestión acerca de si la comprensión puede entenderse como una relación –quizás incluso como una relación distinguida–, o si debemos atribuirle un carácter distintivo no relacional. La respuesta depende de cómo nos enfrentemos al sentido mismo de la comprensión y de si el sentido se revela como una –deberíamos utilizar el término de Heidegger– “relación hermenéutica” especial. Si esto es cierto, entonces el sentido de la comprensión como relación hermenéutica debe desplegarse con respecto a la comunicación con el otro y no discutirse como concerniente sólo a la diferencia ontológica, sino también a la interferencia del mundo, que denota el encuentro con el otro.

De acuerdo con Hubert L. Dreyfus, a Heidegger no le preocupaba el problema del control humano de la técnica, que sí concierne a los teóricos que conciben la técnica como ideología. En su texto, Dreyfus sostiene que la cuestión es más bien la comprensión del ser como mera materia prima proyectada en la cosmovisión técnica del Occidente moderno. Sólo dándonos cuenta de que el ser mismo ordena esta dispensación podremos comenzar a distanciarnos de esa visión del mundo. En última instancia, la técnica no es una cuestión política sino un modo de donación específico de la era moderna. Esta comprensión nos sitúa más allá de una visión puramente tecnológica de la vida y nos abre a una relación diferente con la técnica. Lo que se necesita es un nuevo sentido de realidad que privilegie las facetas no-tecnológicas de la experiencia y de la comunidad. En ese contexto, la técnica continuaría existiendo y haciendo su trabajo, pero ya no formaría el horizonte del ser y la comprensión.

El fin del presente trabajo es determinar la relación entre liderazgo carismático y clima laboral durante la pandemia en trabajadores del Perú. La investigación es de naturaleza cuantitativa y correlacional no experimental, de carácter básica; en la que participaron 423 trabajadores de cinco empresas de diversos rubros ubicadas en Lima, Callao y Trujillo, en el Perú. Dos cuestionarios tipo escala de Likert fueron utilizados, cada uno compuesto por 20 afirmaciones y 5 opciones de respuesta. Se encontró que el 62.51% reportan el liderazgo carismático en un nivel regular, mientras que el clima laboral es percibido por el 62.08% en una categoría regular. Derivando que, hay pruebas para argumentar que el liderazgo carismático se relaciona de manera estadísticamente significativa con el clima laboral, es decir, a medida que aumenta el nivel de liderazgo carismático, también aumenta el nivel de clima laboral en los trabajadores.

This article, of a theoretical nature, presents the movement of concepts produced within the scope of Mathematics Education to refer to the term mathematical literacy. Literacy appears in Brazil when the term literate was no longer sufficient to characterize society's new reading and writing demands. From this perspective, based on Brazilian studies, we searched for different terms that directed us to others in the literature in the area, in which we highlight: alfabetização matemática, numeramento, numeramentalização, literacia matemática, matemacia e materacia. From these, we aim to identify the different concepts presented and the (in)existing relationships between them, paying attention to the diversity of perspectives that make up this plot. Thus, despite the lack of uniqueness in relation to the term mathematical literacy, we understand that there is a historical perspective of the construction and evolution of ideas about being mathematically literate. Furthermore, we point out the existence of a relational dynamic between the terms, as well as the categorization in the perspectives of individual acquisition, social practice and criticism, not in an isolated way, but with greater or lesser nuances in each of them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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El objetivo de este trabajo es conocer la trayectoria de las necesidades psicológicas básicas en estudiantes secundarios de Entre Ríos, Argentina, en tres momentos de su recorrido escolar. Para ello se realizó un diseño cuantitativo, siendo un estudio de tipo longitudinal. El muestreo utilizado fue no probabilístico intencional. La muestra se conformó por adolescentes escolarizados de Entre Ríos. Esta consistió en 313 sujetos para el primer tiempo, 280 para el segundo y 249 para el tercero. Las edades abarcaron desde los 12 hasta los 17 años. Respecto al instrumento, se utilizó la adaptación al contexto educativo de la Basic Psychological Needs Scale in General. Se realizaron análisis de modelos de curva de crecimiento latente; los hallazgos indican que la trayectoria de la autonomía puede ser explicada a través de un modelo de cambio cuadrático, la de la competencia mediante un modelo lineal y la de la relación de un modelo cuadrático.

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The beginning of the Bolaños culture was the inheritance of the Teuchitlan tradition disseminated in central Jalisco, Mexico, but once the settlers established themselves in the Bolaños Canyon, they initiated a new sociocultural dynamic with its own characteristics. The trade route allowed them to exchange multiple goods of all kinds with different and distant cultures and, in turn, favored their own development within two recognized periods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Background: Traumatic events can cause social tension, anxiety, panic and other psychological crises, and can even cause post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and suicide. Physical activity has a good role in promoting mental health, and has a great application prospect in individual psychological intervention after traumatic events. However, no systematic review of the relationship between physical activity and individual mental health after traumatic events affecting many people has been published so far, which makes it impossible for people to understand the research status in this field from a holistic perspective. Objective: This review explores the relationship between physical activity and individual psychology, physiology, subjective quality of life and well-being after traumatic events, so as to provide some valuable clues or enlightenment for individual psychological intervention after traumatic events. Method: Relevant literature was searched in five databases, summarised, sorted and studied. Results: Thirty-three study papers were included in this review, the main study findings include: (1) Physical activity is positively correlated with individual mental resilience and subjective well-being after traumatic events, and negatively correlated with anxiety, depression, tension and PTSD. (2) Individuals with higher levels of physical activity have better mental health status after traumatic events than those who do not regularly engage in physical activity. (3) Physical activity can promote sleep quality, self-efficacy, subjective quality of life and various physiological functions of those experiencing traumatic events. (4) Physical activity (including exercise) is regarded as one of the preferred nursing measures to buffer against mental stress and maintain physical and mental health for those experiencing traumatic events. Conclusion: The level of physical activity is positively correlated with individual physical and mental health before and after traumatic events. Physical activity can be used as one of the effective measures to improve individual mental health after traumatic events. Physical activity can be used as one of the important measures to improve mental health of those experiencing traumatic events. Regular physical activity can reduce the impact of traumatic events on mental health, both before and after the events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Este trabajo de investigación caracterizó las capaci-dades de parentalización de un grupo de adultos del municipio de Curití (Santander – Colombia). Se trató de un estudio descriptivo transversal desarrollado con 49 adultos (padres, madres y/o cuidadores de estu-diantes de básica primaria). El instrumento de recolec-ción de información fue el “Protocolo de evaluación de capacidades de parentalización”, fundamentado en la propuesta teórica de Emilse Bleichmar (2005) y so-metido a validación interjueces (método de agregados individuales). Se llevó a cabo el análisis fenomenoló-gico resultando cinco categorías emergentes: cuidados de salud y desarrollo, regulación emocional, apego y vínculo afectivo, formación para la sexualidad, estima y valoración positiva. Se evidenció que las capacidades predominantes como fortaleza son las referidas al cuidado de la sa-lud y desarrollo, las de menor prevalencia fueron las correspondientes a la formación para la sexualidad, estima y valoración positiva.

El estudio muestra el alcance de un taller para fomentar la competencia de reflexión docente desde las nociones teóricas del modelo MTSK. Considera las manifestaciones de un grupo de docentes de matemáticas en servicio cuando analizan una situación de enseñanza-aprendizaje sobre el concepto matemático de relación desde su experiencia en la Educación Secundaria costarricense, tanto previas a la intervención, como posteriores al proceso de capacitación. Los resultados muestran un progreso en el desarrollo de esta competencia. No obstante, se evidenciaron dificultades para identificar aspectos relevantes de la situación analizada, como proposiciones que definen un concepto, formas de proceder en la matemática y elementos de una tarea matemática escolar.

Objective. This article aims to offer a thoughtful examination of the relationship of couples as a platform that fosters the potential for personal agency and transformation. It acknowledges the individuals within these relationships as autonomous entities capable of managing strategies to reshape their subjectivity within the social context. Methodology. To achieve this, a review and categorization of relevant literature was conducted, structured into three sections: love in couple relationships, conflict within such relationships, and the potential for personal agency and change in couple dynamics. These sections serve as a demonstration of individual or collective autonomy often catalyzed by conflict. Results. The reflection concludes that adversity within relationships often births the potential for developing personal agency and instigating change. Individuals, when faced with challenges mobilize internal resources toward achieving a higher quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The question about man appears again in contemporary philosophy no longer as an eidetic, but as an existential question (if it ever ceased to be so). Martin Buber, Austrian-Jewish thinker (1878-1965), seeks with his thought to recover the value of man, adding to the existentialist influences of Kierkegaard and Nietzsche, and to the phenomenological influence of Husserl, the dialogic principle; that is, the necessity of the other as a You for the becoming of the I as a person. This last concept, person, has its origin in the philosophical discourse in the Trinitarian and Christological Theology of the Fathers of the Church, among them, Augustine of Hippo. In this article we want to make explicit the presence of this Augustinian conception of person in the personalism of Martin Buber. To do so, we will identify the most important characteristics of the person for the bishop of Hippo, which are explained in detail in his work De Trinitate, and then we will link these characteristics with those that are central to Buber's thought. Our hypothesis is that we can find in Buber's anthropology traces of Augustine's thought, influenced especially through existentialism and phenomenology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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La relación de viaje de D. Antonio Rolim de Moura, gobernador de la capitanía de Mato Grosso, entre la ciudad de São Paulo y el pueblo de Cuiabá, entre 1750 y 1751, es una de las narrativas más citadas en la historiografía brasileña desde el siglo XIX. Sin embargo, nunca se ha estudiado la trayectoria histórica de su transmisión en los campos de la cultura escrita y la cultura material. Este artículo analizará las mediaciones editoriales involucradas en la reproducción manuscrita del documento y en las ediciones del material impreso. Por tanto, buscamos prestar atención a la materialidad de los manuscritos; señalar las disimilitudes entre las versiones que comprometen la aprehensión del contenido narrativo y resaltar la importancia de la autoridad intelectual e institucional del siglo XIX para la fijación del texto en el tiempo.

The presence of the other has gained meaning in philosophical discussions and sets a horizon for analyses in the Social Sciences. This article aims to examine the scope of the theory of intersubjectivity proposed by Edmund Husserl and the theory ofotherness proposed by Emmanuel Lévinas. Exemplarily, they show us two ways of accessing the relation with the other. From the V Cartesian Meditation (2013) Husserl resituates the presence of the other from its founding character, which is born as original empathy. In Totality and Infinity (2016), Lévinas shows us that it is impossible to reduce human experience to pure interiority, since the presence of the other occurs as an expression. It is pure otherness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study shows the scope of a workshop that promotes the competence Noticing from the theoretical notions of the model MTSK. It takes into consideration what a group of mathematics teachers in service expresses when they analyze a teaching-learning scenario on the mathematical concept of relation from their teaching experience in Costa Rican secondary education, prior to the workshop, and after the training process. The results show progress in the development of this competence. However, some of the participants show difficulties to identify relevant aspects of the analyzed situation such as propositions that define a concept, ways of proceeding in mathematics, and elements of a school mathematical task. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar la relación existente entre la Autoeficacia Académica y la Procrastinación Académica en una muestra de adolescentes de la ciudad de Quito, Ecuador. La investigación presenta un enfoque descriptivo, correlacional de corte transversal por medio de las escalas de Procrastinación Académica, Procrastinación Académica de Tuckman, Autoeficacia General y Autoeficacia Percibida Específica de Situaciones Académicas. Participaron 424 adolescentes (49,8% hombres, 50,2% Mujeres) entre 12 a 17 años (M= 14 años; DT= 1,71). Estudiantes de diversas instituciones educativas secundarias (73,8% privado, 25,2% pública y 0,9% Fiscomisional) de la ciudad de Quito, Ecuador. La Autoeficacia General y Académica es moderada, mientras que la Procrastinación es baja; únicamente se presentan diferencias por género en la Autoeficacia General, siendo los hombres quienes evidencian más autoeficacia. Existe relación entre la Autoeficacia Académica y la Procrastinación Académica. En conclusión, la Autoeficacia Académica es un factor relevante que permite identificar el desempeño de la Procrastinación Académica en adolescentes de la ciudad de Quito.

Con el propósito de determinar la correlación entre variables, esta investigación estudió la relación del rendimiento escolar en el bachillerato con el rendimiento académico universitario de estudiantes de Investigación Científica que ingresaron a la Carrera de Veterinaria y ZootecniaFacultad Integral del Norte - Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno. Para lo cual se elaboró una ficha de recolección de datos que fue aplicada y respondido por medio de una encuesta a todos los estudiantes del primer semestre de la carrera gestión 2019. Por los resultados obtenidos y analizados por el SPSS prueba de correlación de Pearson, se confirma la hipótesis planteada en el sentido de que existe una correlación positiva, sin embargo esta es baja entre el rendimiento escolar en el bachillerato y el rendimiento académico universitario.

Este trabajo estudia la construcción de una identidad relacional caribeña planteada en Doce cuentos peregrinos a partir del análisis de la relación, la errancia y el posoccidentalismo, y del estudio del paisaje como articulador semiótico. Se examina la escenificación del primer encuentro de los caribeños en situación de diáspora física y su forma de entender su acontecer tras crear su primera imagen de la cultura y subjetividad foráneas. Se argumenta que este libro ilustra formas de vida y espacios transnacionales y boceta una estética que recrea la Relación en el nuevo caos-mundo desde la perspectiva de un sujeto caribeño.

Que la ciencia y el arte mantienen continuas y complejas interrelaciones y realimentaciones mutuas es incuestionable. Como expresiones de la actividad intelectual humana, han recorrido caminos en ocasiones independientes, paralelos en otras e interdependientes en la mayoría. A un debate tan extensamente documentado como este, lo que el presente estudio pretende aportar es una visión personal que ayude a organizar las tipologías de estas relaciones y a comprender la dialéctica y las tensiones que actualmente se establecen en la colaboración de estos dos dominios, al tiempo que a describir los procesos que movilizan estas relaciones y los resultados que se obtienen de su puesta en práctica, tanto a través de la obra de autores que exploran estas estrategias como en la producción de un caso práctico.

A la luz de la Encíclica Laudato Si' del Papa Francisco, defenderé la necesidad y la urgencia de implantar una ecocultura que haga posible vivir el presente y mirar al futuro más allá del miedo a la destrucción. Esta será posible Gracias a la sobriedad. Esta ecocultura será capaz de generar una acción de compasión por la Creación libre de desesperación o fatalismo, ya sean de índole económica o vinculados al equilibrio de los ecosistemas. Esta acción marcada por la sobriedad se basa en la autoconciencia humana. Cuando el ser humano se comprende a sí mismo como parte integrante de la Creación, sufre con ella cada vez que la destrucción sale victoriosa. En una ecocultura, el ser humano reasume su papel original en la Creación, abandonando toda ambición e intento de superioridad y buscará en su lugar el bien común de la Creación. Lo alentará a través del progreso técnico, las políticas y las relaciones sociales, entendidas estas como aliadas en la salvaguarda de la casa común y nunca sacrificadoras de la ecología integral.

Objective: Establish an explanatory model through latent variables analysis of tobacco consumption based on alcohol consumption and alcohol consumption based on attitudes towards consumption in a sample of university students in Ecuador. Method: Descriptive correlational and explanatory design using SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) techniques. Participants: 546 students (69.2% women) aged between 17 and 41 years old (M= 21.3 years old; SD= 2.6), from four universities (45.1% public ones) in two cities of Ecuador. Results: The predominance of alcohol consumption is high; the prevalence of tobacco consumption is low, and attitudes towards alcohol consumption are ambivalent. Alcohol attitudes predict alcohol consumption (R²= .57) and alcohol consumption predicts tobacco consumption (R²= .26). Attitudes and consumption provide an explanatory model for tobacco consumption with ꭓ²= 662.59; p< .001; df= 480; ꭓ²/gl= 1.4; CFI= .95; TLI= .94; SRMR= .049; RMSEA= .026 [.021 - .031]. Conclusions: The study of attitudes and consumption behaviors are important for a better understanding about alcohol and tobacco consumption in university students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper analyzes the relationship between gender and the satisfaction of basic psychological needs in the artisanal pottery sector in Latin America. Methodological design: We surveyed 195 owners/managers of small family businesses operating in artisanal communities in three Latin American countries: Mexico, Honduras, and Colombia. We used structural equation modeling to offer evidence of factorial invariance of the measurement instrument across genders. Results: We found that women artisans seem to be more satisfied than men in meeting their need for autonomy and competence, revealing an important benefit of artisanal activity. No significant difference was found in relation to the fulfillment of the need for relatedness. Research limitations: The limitations of this research are derived from the sampling method, which was mainly driven by practical, financial, and logistical restrictions rather than by theoretical criteria. Nonresponse bias may have also affected our results. Findings: It is important for the artisanal sector to find motivational factors that contribute to the continuity and development of the sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To our best knowledge, most of the craniometric studies on the normal craniocervical junction (CCJ), are still poorly studied and based on measurements taken from plain radiographs. In this study, the authors conducted a craniometric evaluation of the CCJ in a population without known CCJ abnormalities. The purpose of the study was to assess the normal CCJ craniometry based on measures obtained from CT scans. The authors examined 137 consecutive CCJ CT scans obtained in patients evaluated at their hospital for treatment of non-CCJ conditions between 2018 and 2019. Twelve craniometrical dimensions were conducted, including the relation of the odontoid with the cranial base, the atlantodental interval (ADI), the clivus length, and the clivus-canal angle (CCA). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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